中考二轮复习课件----名词

课件25张PPT。【中考一轮复习课件】
名词考点解析中考名词可数/不可数
（7）单/复数
（7）名词所有格
（6）名词辨析
（8）主谓一致
（8）1. She has been in Chongqing for eight years. Chongqing has become her second ____.A. station B. house C. home D. family
2. There are three ____ in our factory.
A. woman doctors???????? B. women doctors????????
C. woman doctor????????? D. women doctor
3.____ has been told not to throw dust anywhere.
A. The public????B. People???C. Women????? D. Man
名校真题名词专有名词 特定的人或地点，首字母应大写
例：New York, Yao Ming普通名词可数名词不可数名词能够以数计算的事物的名词不能以数计算的事物的名词 单数名词 复数名词例：液体，气体等。milk, water, air…例：pen, student, flower…普通名词 指一般的人或事物
例：apple, pen, doctor 金木水火土，肉面食茶布考点一：可数/不可数名词可数名词不可数名词
(抽刀斩水水不断）
抽象类： friendship ; love; happiness液体类： water; drink; juice肉 类： meat; fish; pork; beef 材料类：wood; metal; paper; rice; sand其 他：information; news 1.不可数名词不能直接被a, an或one, two等数词修饰。
a paper (X) two bread (X)
2.常用how much, much, a little, little,
（a lot of, lots of, some, any，no）等词修饰
They had much money.
易错点3.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，词同义不同。
glass(玻璃) – a glass(玻璃杯)
work(工作) – a work(著作)
time(时间) – times(次数)
Exercise：
1. This table is made of_______.
A. many glass B. some glasses
C. glasses D. glass
2. We can do the work better with______ money and ________ people.
A. less, fewer B. fewer, less
C. little, few D. few, few
考点二：名词单复数名词单复数规则变化不规则变化规则变化1.一般情况下,直接在名词词尾加-s 。cake-cakes
2.以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es。
dish-dishes, box-boxes
3.以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，把变y为i再加-es。
city-cities
4.以f或 fe结尾的名词，先将f或 fe变为v,再加-es。
leaf-leaves
5.以o结尾的名词,无生命的名词加-s,
有生命的名词加-es。
photo-photos, potato-potatoes
(1)单复数同形 （三种动物两国人）
fish – fish sheep – sheep deer – deer
Japanese – Japanese Chinese – Chinese
(2)变oo为ee
tooth – teeth foot – feet goose – geese
不规则变化(3)变man为 men
man – men woman – women
policeman – policemen
Frenchman – Frenchmen
Englishman – Englishmen
请区别：German(德国人) – Germans
(“中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面)
(4)合成名词变复数a. 将主体名词变为复数
sisters-in-law
b.无主体名词时,将最后一部分变为复数
boy classmates
c. 将两部分变为复数(仅woman, man作定语时）
women drivers
Exercise：
1. Some ______ came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen
C. Germany D. Germanies
2. In the picture there are many______ and two_______.?
A. sheeps; knifes B. sheeps; knife
C. sheep; knives D. sheep; knife
考点三：名词所有格
1.一般情况下，在有生命的名词后加’s。
Linda’s father, Lucy’s book

2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加 ’ 即可。
Teachers’ office, the Jones’ house
的3. 名词所有格表“共有”，“各自拥有”。
Lucy and Lily’s bedroom --- 共有的卧室
Lucy’s and Lily’s bedrooms ---各自的卧室
4.无生命名词的所有关系用of加名词，构成所属关系的短语。
the color of the wall
a photo of my family
Exercise：
1. June 1st is ____Day. All the Children enjoy it very much.
A. Children B. Childrens’
C. Children’s D. Child
2. The two bedrooms are the ____.
A. twins B. twin’s
C. twins’ D. twins
考点四：主谓一致1.单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数
Some bread is over there.
2.常以复数形式出现的名词作主语，谓语用复数。
shoes, trousers, socks, glasses
My clothes are newer than yours.
3.集体名词通常用作复数，谓语用复数 police, cattle（不分男女）
family, people, group, team, class
对比下边两组题，用be填空
My family ____ having dinner.
My family ____ a happy one.
The police ____ running after the thief.
The policeman ____ running after the thief.
areisareis 考点五： 名词词义辨析
扩大词汇量；注意词义的倾向性
Eg.
voice: 人或动物发出的声音
noise： 噪音
sound：自然万物之声
— How well she sings!
— Yes. She has a very sweet ____.A. voice B. sound C. noise D. mouth 名词常考点/易错题Our hospital needs two ___ doctors, Mrs. Li. You can ask your son to have a try.
A. women B. man
C. woman D. men
解析:D 一个名词修饰另一名词时,一般用单数。但， man ，woman用做定语时,应与后面的名词保持数的一致
2. This pair of shorts ___ too expensive. I can’t afford____.
A. are, them B. are, it
C. is, them D. is, it
解析:D 当出现“单位+of+名词”时，谓语动词应根据“单位”的单复数决定。
This pair of shoes is nice.
The shoes are nice.
3. The model plane was made by a ____ boy.
A. ten-years-old B. ten-year-older
C. ten-year-old D. ten-year old

解析:C 当数词与单位名词一起构成合成形容词做定语时， 单位名词往往用单数形式,数词与单位名词用“-”连接。
He is a fourteen-year-old boy. 4. The police ___ on the street when accident happened.
A. is B . are C. was D. were
解析:D 名词做主语时,应注意名词的数，避免主谓不一致。
Her family is a large one and
her family are all teachers.
5. --- Where is Tom?
--- He has gone to the _____.
A. teacher B. teachers
C. teacher’s D. teachers’
解析:D 可用名词所有格表示地点, 地点名词习
惯上省略。
go to the teachers’ ( office）
(去老师办公室）