Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.课文考点分析

Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks
课文考点分析
Section A
1. I hope to work outside .我希望到外面工作。(1a)
【考点分析】hope v 希望
①hope to do sth希望做某事 I hope to travel to America next year.
②in the hope of... 怀着......希望
2.You could① help ②clean up the city parks.你可以帮助打扫城市公园。(1a)
【考点分析1】help v帮助 →helpful adj. 有帮助的
help sb.( to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
help oneself （ to ） 自用（食物等）
help sb. out 帮助某人克服困难
with the help of 在……帮助下
help sb. with sth 帮助某人做某事
can’t help doing sth 情不自禁做....
【考点训练】
【2014甘肃白银】James, hel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )p__________(you) to some salad , it’s just behind you.
【2014山东德州】I can’t find my English book. Could you help ____ find it
A.her B.him C.me D.them
【2014重庆B卷】Help ________ to some fish, Jeff.
A. you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. your C. yours D. yourself
【考点分析2】clean up 把……打扫干净（v. + adv.）
clean up 把……打扫干净 ①跟名词作宾语， 名词可放在短语之间或之后均可 clean up the table = clean the table up
②跟代词作宾语， 代词必须放在短语中间 Tom,don’t put your school things everywhere,please clean them up.
【拓展】与up相关的短语：
turn up 调大 use up 用完 give up 放弃 wake up 醒来 pick up 捡起
set up建立 look up 查阅 grow up 成长 put up 张贴 fix up 修理
open up 打开 dress up 打扮 stay up 熬夜 eat up 吃完 use up 用完
【考点训练】
【四川南充】The classroom was so dirty . I decided ____.
A. clean i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t up B. to clean it up C. clean up it
3.The girl co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uld visit the ①sick kids② in the hospital to③ cheer them up. (1b)
女孩可以去医院看望生病的孩子们，让他们振作起来。
【考点分析1】sick adj.“生病的”
【拓展】sick /ill 辨析：
相同点 adj.“生病的”
不同点 sick ①作表语be sick of …“讨厌；厌恶……” My brother is sick
②作定语sick person = patient“病人” The sick boy feels better with the doctor’s help.
ill 作表语be ill in hospital 生病住院 He couldn’t go to school because he was ill yesterday.
【考点训练】
( ) The ___ girl was sent to hospital by her mother yesterday.
A. sick B. ill C. good D. well
【考点分析2】in the hospital“在医院”
【拓展】in the hospital /in hospital辨析：
in the hospital 在医院 指人在医院里，允许是在医院上班，允许是到医院看望病人等 He works in the hospital .
in hospital 住院 指生病住院 Tom is ill and he is in hospital.
【考点训练】
【湖南邵阳】— My grandfat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her was ill _____ last week. — I’m sorry to hear that.
A. in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a hospital B. in the hospital C. in hospital D. in hospitals
【考点分析3】cheer up 使振奋，使高兴的（v. +adv）
cheer sb. up =make sb. happy 使某人高兴 cheer me up 使我高兴
【考点训练】
【2013辽宁锦州】 —He looks unhappy today. —Let’s .
A. cheer him u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )p B. help out him C. look him after D. argue with him
4. The boy could give out food at the food bank. 男孩可以在食物站分发食物。(1b)
【考点分析】give out =hand out分发(v. +adv) hand out bananas
give out sth to sb. 分….给某人
【考点训练】 Our teacher begins__________________(分发) our test paper.
【短语】：
give in 屈服 give sb. a call 给……打电话 give a speech 作演讲
give away 赠送 give away money to kids
give up doing sth =stop doing sth放弃做某事give up smoking 放弃吸烟
give back=return 归还
give sb. a hand =help sb. 帮助某人
give sb. sth = give sth to sb. 给某人某物 give me money 给我钱=give money to me 给我线
【考点训练】
【2013江苏常州】Many social ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )workers went to Ya’an to help clean water and food to
local people to reduce their pain from the earthquake.
A.put out B. come out C. work out D. give out
【拓展】 “动词+out” 构成的短语：
find out 查明；弄清 sell out 售完 look out小心 cry out 大声哭
break out突然发生 try out试用 put out 扑灭 fall out掉出来
【考点训练】
【江苏盐城】Many v ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )olunteers___ food and water to the local people in Japan after the
tsunami.
A.gave out B.cut out C.put out D.found out
5.Clean-up Day is o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nly two weeks from now . We can' t (put off) making a plan .
清洁日只有两周了，我们不能推迟制定计划了。(2b)
【考点分析】 put off 推迟 put off doing sth 推迟做某事
【考点训练】
【2014 浙江丽水】It’s a b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ad habit to _______ what you can do today until tomorrow.
A.write down B.talk about C.worry about D. put off
【拓展】与put相关的短语：
put away 把…收起来 put on 穿上 put up 张贴
put…into… 把……放进 put down 放下 put out 熄灭
【考点训练】
【2013重庆】We’ll ___an English play “Snow White” during this year’s Art Festival．
A.loo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k up B.look out C.put off D.put on
【2014兰州】The fireman soon ____ the big fire.
A.put o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ff B.put up C.put out D.put on
6.We could each （①call up ) 10 students and② ask them to come(2b)
我们可以每个人给10个学生打电话并请他们来
【考点训练1】call up 打电话
【考点训练2】ask them to come请他们来
【拓展】ask sb. to do sth 请求某人做某事
【考点训练】
【2013 湖南衡阳】My parents asked ______ computer games.
A. not playing B. not to play C. not play
7. We need to come ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )up with a plan for the City Park Clean -up Day. (2c)
我们需要为城市公园清洁日想出一个计划。
【考点分析】come up with =think up 想出
【拓展】v + up with 构成的短语：
catch up with 赶上；追上 keep up with 跟上；跟......保持联系
put up with 容忍； 忍得住 end up with 结束；以.......而结束
【考点训练】
【2013黑龙江绥化】 — It is too noisy here. I can’t stand it.
— Me, too. We have to________ new ways to solve the problem.
A. catch up with B. keep up with C. come up with
8. I ' m making so ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me plans to work in an old people’s home this summer.(2d)
我正在制定这个夏天在一家养老院工作的一些计划。
【考点分析】making some plans 制定一些计划
【拓展】plan→planning（现在分词）→planned v 计划（过去式）
【注意】plan 的现在分词和过去式、过去分词都有双写n 加ing/ed
make a plan for 为……制定计划
plan to do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sth = plan on doing sth =make plans to do sth.计划做某事
【考点训练】
【湖北咸宁】 — I hear you have to run for half an hour every day.
— Right. It is one of the _____ in my school.
A. choices B. plans C. hobbies D. rules
9. Oh , what did they ask you to help out with 哦，他们让你帮助做些什么？(2d)
【考点分析】help out 帮助； 帮助......出来 help sb. out 使某人脱离困境
【考点训练】
【2013山东青岛】He ______ plenty of money to the people in the earthquake area ______.
A. put o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut, to work out well B. handed out, help them out
C ga ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve out, work out well D. gave away; to help them out
10.They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.(2d)
他们给我讲过去的故事，并告诉我过去事情是什么样子的。
【考点分析】 used to be +adj. 过去常常是 Tom used to be short.
11.That sounds interesting. 那听起来挺有趣。(2d)
【考点分析】sound (1)n声音 We heard a strange sound.
【拓展】sound/noise/voice辨析：
sound (n.)指自然界中所有的声音，可指悦耳的声音也可指噪音 —How does the music sound to you —It sounds beautiful.
vi.听起来，似乎，其后加表语（形容词，介词短语，名词）
noise 一般指很响的，刺耳的声音，即喧闹，嘈杂声等 Don't make such a noise.
voice 指人通过发音器官发出的声音（包括说话，唱歌等） Mary has a beautiful voice.
【考点训练】
【大庆4】— Did you hear any strange _____when the quake happened
— No, I was in my garden with my flowers and was enjoying the beautiful
_____of my birds at that time.
A. voice; noise ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. noise; sound C. whisper; sound D. sound; voice
【2011四川德阳】 Stop making so much _____. The children are sleeping.
A. voice B. noise C. sound
【考点训练】
【2014贵州铜仁】—_______ sweet music! Do you like it —Mm, it _ beautiful!
A. How, listens ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. How a, sounds C. What a, listens D. What, sounds
12.Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. 是的，很多老年人都很孤独。
【考点分析】alone / lonely 辨析：
alone = by oneself adj 单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感彩 He often walks alone to home .
lonely 指人孤独的，寂寞的，强调主观感受 He has many friends, so he never feels lonely.
【记】I didn’t feel lonely though I was alone.
【考点训练】
【2013 上海】 My old ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )neighbor Charles felt _______ after his children moved out.
A. lonely B. safely C. angrily D. happily
13.We should listen to them and care for them.(2d)我们应该倾听他们说话并且关心他们。
【考点分析】care for 照看；照顾； 照料
【考点训练】
【2013湖北黄石2】 Many s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tudents in our school _______ the old and they usually offer
their seats to them on buses.
A. worry about B. care for C. agree with D. take care
【拓展】care的短语总结
take care =be careful =watch out v.当心，小心 take care of =look after 照顾，照料，照看
take care of 处理，做完 care for v.照顾，照看
【考点训练】
【2013广州】 Thank ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s for your invitation, but I’m so sorry I can’t go. I need to ___ my baby
at home.
A. take away B. take off C. take care of D. take out of
14.Mario Green and Ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry Brown from Riverside High School ①give up ②several hours
each week to help others. (2d)
来自河畔高中的马里奥。格林和玛丽每周都会花几个小时去帮助别人。
【考点分析1】give up 放弃 give up doing sth=stop doing sth 放弃做某事
【考点训练】
【2014重庆中考B卷】 She wants to _____ her job and go to study in Australia.
A. grow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) up B. wake up C. pick up D. give up
【考点分析2】several 可作定语，表示“几个”： = a few
My friend speaks several languages. 我的朋友能讲几种语言
15.He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning. (3a)
他每周六早上在动物医院做志愿者。
【考点分析】volunteer v 志愿 n 志愿者
volunteer v 志愿
n 志愿者
volunteer to do sth 志愿做某事
【考点训练】 Jack volunteered __________________(carry) the water.
16. ... But I want to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )learn more about how to care for animals... (3a)
但是我想学习更多的关于如何照顾动物的知识
【考点分析】 “疑问词+不定式”作及物动词的宾语
【记】：I don’t know what to do.
I don’t’ know how to do it .
I don’t know what to do with it.
【拓展】 “特殊疑问词 + 不定式” 与 “wh – 从句的转换。
转换时只需在疑问词后加主语（与主句主语一致）， 并将不定式改成“should +v原形“做谓语。
I don’t know h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow to solve the problem.= I don’t know how I should solve the problem.
【考点训练】
【内蒙呼和浩特】— Which dress do you like best, Madam
— Sorry, I can’t decide _____ now.
A. to buy which one B. buy which one
C. which one to buy D. which I should buy it.
I get ①such a st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals② get better and the look
of joy on their own ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ers’ faces. 当我看到动物们变得更好，并且它们的主人的脸上呈现喜悦之情时，我有一种很强烈的满足感。(3a)
【考点分析1】such adj. 如此
【拓展】such/so 辨析：
词条 词性 用法 常用结构
such 形容词 修饰名词 such a/an +形容词+可数名词单数no/any/ some/ all/ many 等+such+名词such+ 除many/few之外的形容词+可数名词复数such +除much/little之外的形容词+ 不可数名词
so 程度副词 修饰形容词或副词 so+ 形容词+a/an + 可数名词单数so+ many/few +可数名词复数so+ much/little+不可数名词
so …that 如此…..以致……
“So +adj.+ that” “如此……以至……” 引导结果状语从句( so后面接形容词、副词)
He was so strong that he could lift the heavy bag.
【记】名前such,形副so，多多少少（many, much, few, little）都用so。
【考点训练】
【2013江苏常州2】He offer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed _____ valuable(有价值的）advice that ___ people disagreed.
A. such; a few B. Such; few C. So ; a few D. So; few
【2013泰州】“I'm a s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )inger” is ____ an interesting TV show___ many people like watching it.
A. so; that B. such; that C. so; as D. such; as
【考点分析2】get better 变得更好
18.She could read by herself at the age of four. (3a)她在四岁的时候就能够独自阅读。
【考点分析】at the age of 在......岁的时候= when sb. was ... years old.
【考点训练】
【2014黔西南州】 He could play the violin when he was five.
A. at the age of five B. five years later
C. for five years D. five years age
19.Last year, she d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ecided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.(3a)
去年，她决定尝试在一个课后阅读项目中做一名志愿者。
【考点分析】try out 尝试；实验
【拓展】 try v 试图，设法，努力
try on 试穿 try out试用，试验 have a try = want a go 试一试
try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】
try doing sth 试图做某事【侧重尝试做】
try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事
【考点训练】
【2014云南】 I don’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )know whether the dream can come true ,but I will try ____ best. (I)
【2014十堰】—What do you think of your host family, Jim
—Great. They try ________ best to make me feel at home.
A. they B. their C. them D. theirs
【2014呼 和 浩 特】— The shoes are very nice．I’ll take them.
— You’d better ______ first．I’m afraid the size is a bit small for you.
A．pay for them B．take them off C．put them on D．try them on
20.She still works there once a week to help kids learn to read.(3a)
她仍然每周在那里工作一次，帮助孩子们学习阅读。
【考点分析】once a week 一周一次
【拓展】once = one time一次 twice= two times 两次
【注】：三次或三次以上用：“基数词+times”
three times 三次 four times 四次 three or four times 三到四次
【考点训练】
【2013北京】—____________do you go to the cinema — Once a month.
A. How l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ong B. How far C. How often D. How much
21. ...，but ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you can see in their eyes they’re going on a different journey with each
new book,......, 但是你能从他们的眼睛里看到他们正随着每本新书在进行不
同的旅行。(3a)
【考点分析】go on a journey = go on a trip去旅行
22.①Volunteering here is a dream come true for me.(3a)
对于我来说，在这里做志愿工作使我梦想成真。
【考点分析1】Volunteering here 为动名词做主语
【拓展】 动词作主语，用动词的ving形式。
【2013甘肃白银】_____ honest is the first thing people should learn.
A.Being B. Look C. Be D. Become
【考点分析2】 come true 实现
词条 是否接宾语 用法
achieve 是 主语一般为“人”achieve one’s dream.
come true 否 主语一般是“梦想；理想”
【考点训练】
【2013四川遂宁】If we Chinese work hard together. China Dream will ______ .
A. come out B. come true C. achieve
【拓展】与come相关的短语：
【短语】
come and go 来来回回 come from 来自 come back 回来
come out 出来 come on 加油，快点 come in 进来
come back 回来 come over 顺便来访 come true 实现
come up with 想出
【考点训练】
【2014山东菏泽】“Learni ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng from Lei Feng Day” is only two weeks from now. We need to
___ a plan about it.
A.come up with B. Put up C.call up D.set up
【2014天津】The book won’t____ until the end of the year.
A. come out B. come over C. come true D. come on
【2014云南昆明】We are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) supposed to ___________a solution to stop people from looking
down at their mobile phones while driving cars.
A.come up with B. come form C. come out D. come true
23.I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.(3a)
我不但可以做我自己喜欢的事，同时还可以帮助其他人。
【考点分析】at the same time 同时
【考点训练】
【2011上海】This novel can make you laugh and cry at ___ same time.
A.a B.an C.the D. /
24.I’m too busy with my studies this year.今年我正忙于我的学业。(4a)
【考点分析】 be busy with忙于做某事
be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
【考点训练】
【2013山东滨州】— Would you like ___ camping with me
— I’d like to. But I’m busy ___ my homework.
A.to go; to do B.to go; doing C.going;to do D.going ; doing.
25.Most people today a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re only worried about getting good jobs( to make) lots of money
如今大多数人只关心找挣许多钱的好工作。(4b)
【考点分析】 be worried about 为......而担心(侧重状态）= worry about .（侧重动作）
( )Don’t ___ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_ about things so much. It will make you stressed out.
A. afraid B. worry C. worried D. terrified
Our class is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) trying to (come up with) some ideas to(cheer up) sick children because they are
often sad.我们班正试着提出一些想法使患病的孩子振作起来。因为他们经常悲伤。(4b)
【考点分析】come up with =think of想出
【考点训练】
【2014云南昆明】We are s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )upposed to ___________a solution to stop people from looking
down at their mobile phones while driving cars.
A. come up ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )with B. come form C. come out D. come true
27. ①However, ②few people think about what they can do to help others.(4b)
然而，很少有人会考虑他们能做些什么来帮助他人。
【考点分析1】however 然而
【拓展】however/ but 辨析：
相同点：都意为“可是，但是”
不同点 but 并列连词 连接两个并列分句，上下二句在总的意义上构成了对比 I really don't like cheese, but I will try just a little this time.
however 转折连词 不能直接连接两个分句，必须另起新句，并用逗号隔开 It was raining hard. However, we went out to look for the boy.
【考点训练】
【2014成都】Confucius o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nce said ,“Everything has beauty, ____not everyone sees it. ”
A.but 　 B. or 　 C. And
【2014武汉4】 Jim’s a taxi driver, ____ he really wants to be a doctor.
A. or B. and C. so D. but
【2014漳州3】They are in the same school，_________in different classes．
A．and B．or C．but
【2014龙岩3】46.He has failed several times, _____ he never gives up.
A. if B. so C. but
【考点分析2】few 几乎没有
词条 含义 修饰的名词的数 例句
few 几乎没有（表否定含义） 可数名词复数 They know few of us.
a few 一些（表肯定含义） He made a few mistakes.
little 几乎没有（表否定含义） 不可数名词 I spend very little on food.
a little 一些（表肯定含义） I know a little about the story.
【考点训练】
【2013重庆】The girl in purple is new here, so ___ people know her.
A. few B .a few C .a little
28.There are many peop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le who are less lucky than us .(4b) 有很多没有我们幸运的人。
【考点分析】less 较少的； 较次的
【考点训练】
【2013荆门3】The wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rld’s population is growing _____and there is ____land and water for
growing rice.
A. more; less B. larger; fewer C. larger; less D. more; fewer
【注】less 可用在部分双音节和多音节形容词和副词前，构成形容词和副词的比较级。
【考点训练】
【2013湖北十堰】－Many boy students think math is ______ English.
－I agree. I’m weak in English.
A. much difficult than B. so difficult as
C. less difficult than D. more difficult than
29.①For example , ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or ②raise money for
③homeless people. (4b)
例如， 我们可以制定一些计划去看望医院生病的孩子们或者无家可归的人们筹钱。
【考点分析1】for example例如
for example “例如” 一般指以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。 For example，he is a good student.
such as 用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。可以和and so on 连用。 Boys such as John and James are very friendly.
【考点分析2】 raise ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) （raised; raised) v 募集；征集 raise money for... “为......筹款”
【用法归纳】辨析raise与rise
raise 及物动词 使升高，提高；饲养 规则动词，过去式和过去分词均为raised The students raise money for the children in poor area.
rise 不及物动词 上升, 上涨，提高 不规则动词，过去式rose，过去分词为risen The river rises every spring
【考点分析3】homeless adj. 无家可归的
【考点训练】 You should do s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )omething to help ___________________(无家可归的)people
【同类记忆】
careless 粗心的 hopeless 没有希望的
useless 没有用的 helpless 无助的
【拓展】由home构成的合成词：
homeland n 祖国 hometown n 家乡 homework 家庭作业
homeless adj. 无家可归的 home-made adj. 自制的
【考点训练】
【2013河南】 He was born in Italy, but he has made China his ____.
A. famil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y B. address C. house D. Home
【home的用法】
home n 家→homeless adj. 无家可归的
be home to … = be the home of sb. 成为…家园
a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩
【考点训练】
【2011宁夏】 We have only one Earth. It's our common _____.
A. family B. house C. home D. Room
【短语】与home 相关的短语：
on one’s way home 在某人回家的路上 stay at home 呆在家里 go home 回家
at home 在家 get home 到家
【考点训练】
( ) Mr. Li regards ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Ningxia as his second ___ because he has been here for over twenty years.
A. family B. house C. room D. home
【2011连云港】 After the ea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rthquake in Japan, we are trying to help the ____ people to
rebuild their homes.
A. harm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )less B. endless C. useless D. homeless
Some people e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ven stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year to move to another
country, like Africa,and help people there. (4b)
有些人甚至会停下自己的工作几个月到一年去其他的国家，像非洲，并且帮助那里的人们。
【考点分析1】 stop doing sth 停止做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.
stop to do sth 停下来去做另外一件事 Please stop to talk.请停下来讲话
stop sb. from doing sth=keep sb from doing sth=prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
can’t stop doing sth 忍不住做……
【考点训练】
【2014山东烟台】You look tired . You’d better ____ a good rest.
A.stop to have B.stop having
C.to stop to have D.to stop having
【2014黔西南州】Tom’s mother told him _______ eating too much meat.
A. stopping B. to stop C. stops D. stopped
【考点分析2】 to move 作目的状语
【单元语法精讲】
动词不定式
动词不定式(to do sth)的用法
功能 例句
作主语 To learn math well is difficult for us.
作表语 Her job is to do the dishes .
作宾语(包括疑问词+不定式) They decided to visit the Great Lakes. Could you tell me how to get to the train station
作宾语补足语 The teacher asked us to turn off the lights. Hard seats make customers want to eat quickly and leave.
作定语 I have a lot of books to read.
作状语 To catch the train, we had to get up early.
【动词不定式详解】
1.作主语。
(1)常用“主语＋系动词＋表语”结构，谓语一般采用单数形式。
To learn English well is not easy.
(2)不定式作主语时，如果主语较长,常用句型：
It’s +adj. +(for/of) sb to do sth。结构，以保持句子结构的平衡。
It’s very nice of you to invite me.
2.作表语。常放于系动词be之后。【常说明主语的内容、性质、特征】
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。（百闻不如一见。）
The best way to improve your English is to join an English club.
3.作宾语
would like/want to do想要做…… like to do喜欢做…… agree to do同意做……
hope/wish to do希望做…… decide to do决定做…… try to do尽力做……
begin/start to do开始做…… expect to do期望做…… refuse to do拒绝做……
afford to do有能力做…… learn to do学习做…… plan to do计划做……
prefer to do更喜欢做…… continue to do继续做…… promise to do承诺做……
I would like to have a cup of tea.我想喝一杯茶。
【注意】：find, think, make, believe等动词后常用it作形式宾语而把不定式短语放在后面。
I find it ne ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cessary to get a map while traveling. 我发现旅游时带张地图很有必要。
4.作定语
动词不定式作定语时通常放在所修饰词的后面，作后置定语。
She has enough money to buy a computer.
【注意】 如果作定语的不定式中动词是不及物的，后面要有相应的介词。
He has no house to live in.
5.作状语
不定式在句中作状语，动作是由主语发生的，表示目的。
He come here to ask for help.(表示目的)
6.作宾语补足语。常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：
tell sb. to do告诉某人做…… ask sb. to do要求某人做…… wish sb. to do希望某人做……
invite sb. to do邀请某人做…… want sb. to do想要某人做…… teach sb. to do教某人做……
allow sb. to do允许某人做…… force sb. to do强迫某人做…… expect sb. to do期望某人做……
help sb. to do帮助某人做…… advise sb. to do建议某人做…… persuade sb. to do劝告某人做……
【注意】：
1.在使役动词make, let, have和感官动词see, hear, watch, notice, feel等词后，
要把不定式结构中的to省略。
His mother made him stay at home yesterday.
2. 感官动词和使役动词后跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，可概括为“一感（feel），
二听（listen to）， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )三让（let, make, have）,四看（look at, see, watch, notice）”。但当
这些动词用于被动语态时，作宾语补足语的动词不定式to要还原。
I heard him sing in the classroom.
=He was heard to sing in the classroom (by me). 我听见他在教室里唱歌。
3.help之后，既可以接带to的不定式，也可以接不带to的不定式作宾补。如：
Will you help me (to) wash the clothes 你能帮我洗衣服吗？
4.动词不定式的特殊句型
（1）too...to...表示“太……而不能……”。
The boy is too young to look after himself.那个男孩太小而不能照顾自己。
（2）enough to...表示“……足够……”。
He is old enough to go to school.他到了上学的年龄了。
（3）Why don’t you +不带to的不定式？=Why not +不带to的不定式？
Why don’t you get her a photo album
=Why not get her a photo album 为什么不给她买个相册呢？
（4）had better + (not) +不带to的不定式。
You’d better not stay there today. 你今天最 好别待在那儿。
（5）Will you please+不带to的不定式
Will you please close the door 你能把门关上吗？
（6）prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。
She prefers ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to receive a small gift that has some thoughts behind it rather than
receive a lot of money.她宁愿收到一份有意义的小礼物也不愿收到一大笔钱。
（7）动词不定式与疑问词连用可用作主语或宾语。
When to go to Beijing hasn’t been decided yet.什么时候去北京还没定下来。(作主语)
I haven’t decided yet when to leave.我还没决定什么时候离开。(作宾语)
【注意】：“疑问词+不定式”作宾语时可以转化为宾语从句。
Can you tell me where to get the scarf
= Can you tell me where I can get the scarf 你能告诉我在哪里能买到这个围巾吗？
【专项训练题】
I、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. It took hal ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f an hour _____________ (get) to the World Park from Kitty’s school.
2. It was intere ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sting _____________ (see) so many places of interest from all over the world.
3. They want _____________ (save) time by using shorter words and phrases.
4. Kitty’s classma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )te Daniel taught himself how ___________ (make) a home page.
5. Things _____________ (do) in Beijing.
6. He made the girl ______________ (cry) yesterday.
7. He put his photos on it for everyone _____________ (look) at.
8. Help him ______________ (put) the photos in the correct order.
9. It’s time for class. Please stop _____________(talk).
10. I’d like _____________ (go) to the Temple of Heaven.
II、选择适当答案。
1. _______ is difficult to work out the maths problem.
A. This B. That C. It D. Its
We decided _______ at the end of this month.
A. travel B. not start out C. to leave D. going
They have no paper_______.
A. to write ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. to write with C. write on D .to write on
Let him _______ a rest. I think he must be tired after the long walk.
A. has B. have C. to have
_______the computer is a problem.
A. How to use ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. What to use C. Where to use D. Which to use
The teacher told us _______in bed.
A. don’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )read B. read not C. to not read D. not to read
The old man was _______angry _______ say a word.
A. so, that B. as, as C. too, to D. very, to
Why _______home tomorrow
A. not go B. not going C. not to go D. didn’t go
The TV set is too loud. Will you please _______
A. turn down it B. turn it down C. to turn it down
It’s cold outside. You had better _______ your coat.
A. to put on B. putting on C. puts on D. put on
11. —What senior school do you want to go, Li Hua
—It’s hard for me _______ a decision now.
A. do B. to do C. make D. to make
12. _______the building in one year was quite a difficult task.
A. To complete B. Be completed C. Completed D. Complete
13. —Can you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tell me how _____ to the bus station —It’s around the corner.
A. get B. to get C. get D. getting
【2014江苏徐州3】It was dark outside. Sue decided ______ to the bank alone.
A. not going ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. going not C. not to go D. to not go
【2014河南4】—Do you climb mountains every day
—Yes, ___a little exercise. I’m so out of shape.
A. getting B. get C. got D. to get
（二） 动词短语
一、短语动词分类：
1.动词+介词
ask for 请求 belong to 属于 look at 看
look after 照顾 learn from 向…学习 remind of 提醒
take after 与…相像
2.动词+ 副词
take away 拿走 wake up 醒来 put off 推迟
give out 分发 think over 考虑 end up 结束
3.动词+ 副词+ 介词
come up with 提出，想出 run out of 用完
get along with 与…相处 do well in 擅长 look forward to 期望
4.动词+ 名词+ 介词
take part in 参加 make use of 利用
pay attention to 注意 take care of 照顾
5.系动词+ 形容词+ 介词
be strict with 对……要求严格 be mad at 对…..恼火
be full of 充满 be different from 与……不同
二、 短语动词的用法：
1.以介词结尾的短语动词，后面接名词，代词，动名词作其宾语，该名词，代词或动名词必须放在介词的后面。
think of 想起 look after 照顾 look for 寻找 agree with 同意 ask for 请求
2.“动词+副词” 结构的短语动词后可解名词，代词或动名词作宾语。
（1） 接名词时，可以放在短语中间，或短语之后
（2） 接代词时，代词只能放在动词或副词之间
put on 穿上 put off 脱下 put up 挂起
give up 放弃 give away 捐赠 hand out 分发 wake up 叫醒
【2014中考真题追踪训练】
【2014南允1】—Excuse ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me, can I _____ your pen —Sorry, I have _______it to Bob.
A. borrow; l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent B. borrow; borrowed C. lend; borrowed D. lend; lent
【2014云南2】 — Oh, d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ear! Your room is untidy. — Sorry mom. I’ll _________.
A. set it up ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. clean it up C. put it up D. look it up
【2014襄阳3】 He fai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )led so break the world record for long jump many times but he never
______ his hope.
A. look o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ff B. put away C. give up D. turned down
【2014湖北襄阳3】—Have you watched the TV show “Dad, Where Are We Going ”
—Yes, I have. In the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) show all the fathers and children have to ______ many difficulties.
A. use up B. come over C. get over D. run out
【2014湖北襄阳4】 --Lily won first prize in yesterdays dancing competition.
--Rally Then her mother must be ______ her.
A. mad at B. worried about C. interested in D. proud of
【2014湖北襄阳】—I hear your grandpa has an old cup in your home.
—Yes. It ___ drinking tea long ago and my grandpa ___ drink tea with it
when he was young.
A. was used to, was used to B. used far, used to
C. was used for, was used to D. was used for, used to
【2014·湖北武汉4】 I us ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed to _____ with my wife and watch TV movies at home.
A. sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow up B. wake up C. come up D. stay up
【2014 浙江绍兴1】— Do you ______ your son after school
— No. He comes back home on the school bus.
A. pick up B. look after C. drop in D. send for
【2014新疆阜康2】—What are you packing so many books for, Grandma
—I'll ______ to the kids in West China.
A. give ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) them up B. give them away C. give them off D. give them in
【2014新疆阜康4】—Let’s pl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an a surprise party for our class. What’s your idea
—Why not ______ a short play
A. get on B. keep on C. have on D. put on
【2014天津2】 Be friendly and you’ll ____ well with others.
A. look at B. get on C. put on D. pick up
【2014四川遂宁2】We are pl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )anning to go for a picnic this weekend, but it the weather.
A. keeps on B. puts on C.depends on
Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks
课文考点分析
Section B & Self Check
1. I take after my mother. 我长的像我妈妈。（1a)
【考点分析】take after 在（外貌、性格等方面）与（父母）相像
take after （v. +adv）=be similar to 在（外貌、性格等方面）与（父母）相像 In her gentle nature,she takes after her mother.她性情温和，像她妈妈。
look like 只指在外貌上与…..相像 He looks like a guide.他看上去像一位导游。
【短语】与take相关的短语：
take back 收回，接回 take down 写下 take off 脱下；起飞
take up 占去（时间或空间） take care 小心 take care of 照顾
take place 发生 take out 拿出 take away 拿走
【考点训练】
【2014贵阳】The little ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )kid is just two years old. He's too young to take care of______.
A. his B. him C. himself
【2014山东滨州】— It will be my turn, I feel a little nervous.
—_________. You can make it！
A. Cong ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ratulations ! B. Take it easy C.Look out D. Have a good time
2. I fixed it up. 我把它修理好了。(1a)
【考点分析】fix =mend=repair v 修理，修补
【拓展】repair/mend/fix辨析:
repair 多指修理较庞大的物体，构造较复杂或损坏严重的东西 Mary repaired the radio just for the fun. 玛丽修理收音机只是为了消遣。
mend 多用于指修理较小的物体，结构较简单的日常用具，或缝补衣服、袜子等。 Can you mend a broken sock 你能补这只破袜子吗？
fix 则侧重于“安装”，用于表示修补、修复任何破损或不能正常工作的物体。有时也用作“修理”，fix up=repair 修理(v. +adv) Have you had the bike fixed 你已找人修你的自行车了吗？
【考点训练】
【2013山东烟台】My bike is broken. Could you help me to
A. fix it up B. set it up C. make it up D. put it up
3.I’m similar to her . 我和她很像。(1a)
【考点分析】similar adj. 相似的 be similar to sb. 和某人很相似
【考点训练】
【2013山东烟台】The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) customs in Qingdao are___________（相似的）to those in Yantai.
【2013浙江丽水2】 — Can you tell the differences between two pictures
— Differences Oh , They look quite ___.
A. different B.similar C.stange D.interesting
4. I gave it away. 我把它修理好了(1a)
【考点分析】give away 赠送； 分发（奖品），捐赠
【考点训练】
【2013浙江温州】Andrea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Bo celli never , which makes him a successful singer.
A. takes away B. gives away C. gets up D. gives up
【拓展1】与give相关的短语：
give off放出，释放 give back归还，送回 give out分发
give in屈服 give up停止，放弃 give sb. a han帮助某人
give sb. a call给……打电话 give a talk作报告 give lessons to给……上课
give sb. a chance给……一次机会 give sb. lessons给某人上课 give a message to...给…一个口信
give a concert举办音乐会 give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.给某人某物 give sth. back to sb.把某物归还给某人
【考点训练】
【2013连云港】 It w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as a difficult time for the quake－hit victims(受害者） inYa'an, but
they didn't ____ hope.
A. gi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve up B. give off C. give in D. give out
【拓展2】与away相关的短语：
get away from 逃离 throw away扔掉 go away 离去；出去
stay away (from)远离 put away 放好 run away 逃走
5. I’ll send you a photo of Lucky.我将送你一张Lucky的照片。(2b)
【考点分析】
a photo of sb. sb.为宾格，“某人的一张照片”， 强调照片上的人就是他/她本人。
a photo of sb’s. sb’s.为名词性物主代词或名词所有格，“某人的一张照片” 强调照片上的人是sb.所拥有的。
【考点训练】
( ) One of my fri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ends is a policewoman, this is a photo of .
A. her B. hers C. she D. his
6. I①’m sure you know ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that this group was② set up to help ③disabled people like me.(2b)
我肯定你知道这个组织的成立是为了帮助像我这样的残疾人。
【考点分析1】be sure (that) ...确信某事一定会……”
be sure of doing sth 侧重指主语对某抽象事物的确信无疑 I'm sure of his honesty．
be surea bout doing sth 则侧重指主语对某具体事物的确信无疑
be sure to do sth 表示说话人对句子主语作出的判断，认为句子主语“必定”、 “必然会”、“准会”如何如何。 It is sure to rain．天一定会下雨
be sure+宾语从句 表示主句主语对宾语从句中涉及的事物所作出的判断，意为“确信某事一定会……”。 We are sure he will make great progress this term．
【考点分析2】set up 建立；设立
【拓展】 set up =establish =build建立（v. +adv）跟代词作宾语，代词放中间
【短语】 set off 出发set about doing sth 着手去做某事
【考点训练】
【2013湖北荆州4】 — When are you going to ______ for Shanghai
— Tomorrow morning.
A. get off B. turn off C. take off D. set off
【2013甘肃白银2】The company wants to ___ a school for the poor children.
A. Put off B.set up C.call in D.look after
【考点分析3】disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的 （既可以做表语， 也可以做定语）。
disabled people 残疾人
【考点训练】
Though he is __________(able) , Liu Wei made his dream – to be a pianist come true.
【加前缀dis- 构成的派生词】 dislike 不喜欢 disorder 无秩序
dishonest 不诚实 disappear 消失
7.Lucky makes a big difference to my life. (2b)“幸运”对我的生活产生了很大的影响。
【考点分析】makes a big difference 影响；有作用
【2013南宁3】The heavy snow didn’t ___ the international airlines.
A. pay attention to B.add to
C. make a difference to D.keep to
8.Or imagine you can’t walk or use your hands easily.(2b)
或者想象一下你不能走路或自如地使用你的手。
【考点分析】imagine v “想象，设想，料想”
【拓展】imagine的用法
imagine sth We cannot imagine life without any hardships.　
imagine sb./sth.+n I once imagined him a tall thin man.　
imagine sb./sth. (to be)... Please imagine yourself(to be) in the customer’s position.
imagine (sb.) doing sth I can’t imagine myself flying in the high sky.
imagine+从句 Mr. Smith couldn’t imagine what had happened at all.
【考点训练】
【2012河南2】The Int ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ernet is so closely connected with our daily life . Can you___ a life
without it
A. understand B.imagine C.consider D.expect
9. ... But many people have these difficulties.但是很多人有这些困难。(2b)
【考点分析】have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难
【考点训练】
【2014湖北咸宁】—Do you have any difficulty in __________ English
—Yes, but I try to make myself .
A．to speak; understood B．speaking; understand
C．to speak; to understand D．speaking; understood
10.I love animals ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and I was excited about the idea of having a dog.(2b)
我热爱动物，并且为能拥有一只狗这个主意激动不已。
【考点分析】be excited about 对......感到激动
exciting Adj. “令人兴奋的”,表示某事给人的感受。作表语时，主语是物
excited adj.“（感到兴奋的；激动的” ,表示人的心理感受。作表语时，主语是人
be excited about对…感到兴奋
【记】She felt very excited about the exciting film.
【考点训练】
【2014重庆宜宾】The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )old man was so_______ the good news that he couldn’t say a word.
A. interested in B. excited about
C. afraid of D. worried about
11.I was able to bring him home. 我可以把它带回家了。(2b)
【考点分析】 be able to 能够
词条 适用时态 人称和数 例句
be able to 用于各种时态 有人称和数的变化 I will be able to dress more casually.
can 用于现在时或过去时（could） 没有人称和数的变化 I could swim at the age of seven.=I was able to swim at the age of seven.
【考点训练】
【2013杭州2】—Pauline has lost her phone.
—No. It’s in her bag. I _________ hear it.
A. must B. can C. may D. shall
12.My dog’s name is L ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ucky— a good name for him because I feel very lucky to have him.
我的狗的名字叫“幸运”—— 对于他来说是个好名字，因为有了他我感觉自己很幸运。(2b)
【考点分析】be/ feel lucky to do sth 做某事感到很幸运。
【拓展】
luck n.“幸运”
lucky adj.“幸运的”
luckily adv.“幸运地”
unlucky adj.“不幸的”
unluckily adv.“不幸地；不幸的是”
【考点训练】
【浙江湖州】The litt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le girl was very _________(幸运的）to get a free ticket to Disneyland.
13. For example ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), I say, “Lucky! Get my book,” and he does it at once.(2b)
例如， 我说：“Lucky！把我的书拿来。” 它马上就照做。
【考点分析】get v 去拿来
【拓展】fetch/bring/ take辨析：
fetch =get 去（某地） 拿来（讲话者处）
bring v 带来从（某地）拿到（讲话者处）
take v 带来 从（讲话者）拿走
【短语】 与take相关短语：
take care 小心 take charge of 负责，看管 take hold of 握住 take off 脱下
take out 取出 take a look 看一看 take away 拿走 take exercise 做运动
take it easy 不紧张 take one’s time 从容不迫
【考点训练】
【2013湖北荆州】— Sam, m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y iPhone is in my bedroom. Could you _____ it for me
— No problem.
A. bring B. fetch C. take D. carry
【2013齐齐哈尔】－I’m sorry, Mr Li. I ______ my English homework at home.
－Don’t forget _____ it to school tomorrow.
A. left, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to bring B. forgot, to take C. lost, to bring
14.I’ll ①send you a p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hoto of him②if you like, and I could show you how he helps me.(2b)
如果你喜欢我会给你寄张他的照片，并且我会告诉你他是如何帮助我的。
【考点分析1】send→ sent → sent v 发送
【短语】：
send away 赶走 send for 派人去请 send off 寄出
send up 发射 send out 分发
【句型】send sb. sth = send sth to sb. 送给某人某物
【考点训练】
【2014泰州】 China___ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____(send) up several Shenzhou manned spacecraft into space
since 2003.
【考点分析2】if 如果引导真实条件状语从句从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。
【考点训练】
【2013鞍山4】The children will climb the hill if it_______tomorrow.
A. wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n't rain B. didn't rain C. isn't raining D. doesn't rain
15. ①Thank you again for② changing my life. 再次感谢你改变了我的生活。(2b)
【考点分析1】Thank sb. for +n/ pron/ ving 为……而感谢某人。
【考点训练】
【2013黑龙江绥化】________ the teacher, I’ve made great progress.
A. Thank you B. Thanks C. Thanks to
【2014江苏宿迁】—Thank you for supporting the volunteer project.
—________. Many hands make light work.
A. My pleasure B. All right C. Never mind D. That’s right
【考点分析2】change v 改变；变化
cha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nge one’s life 改变某人的生活 change... into... (把......）变成
【考点训练】
【2013河南】If yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u want to change the world, you have to ___ yourself first.
A.enjoy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B.check C.help D.change
Unit 2 I ’ll help to clean up the city parks.
一、重点短语
1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日
2. an old people’s home 养老院
3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难
4. used to 曾经… … ；过去_
5. care for 关心;照顾
6. the look of joy 快乐的表情
7. at the age of 在......岁时
8.clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振雀
10. give out 分发;散发
11. come up with 想出；提出
12. make a plan 制订计划
13. make some notices 做些公告牌
14. try out 试用;试行
15. work for 为…工作；为…. 效力
16. put up 建造;举起;张贴
17. hand out 分发;散发;发给
18. call up 打电话;召集
19. put off 推迟;延迟
20. for example 比如；例如
21. raise money 筹钱;募捐
22. take after 与......相像;像
23. give away 赠送;捐赠
24. fix up 修理;修补;解决
25. be similar to 与……相似
26. set up 建立;设立
27. disabled people 残疾人
28. make a difference 影响;有作用
29. be able to 能够
30. after-school reading program课外阅读项目