2014-2015学年度邢台市中考英语语法-宾语从句专项解读

中考英语语法：宾语从句
一、宾语从句的引导词
宾语从句通常由连词that和whether (if)、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导：
1. that引导
We believe that he is honest. 我们相信他是诚实的。
The doctor insists that I give up smoking医生坚持要我戒烟。
I suggest that we should go tomorrow. 我建议我们明天走。
I suggested that we should go the next day. 我建议我们第二天走。
We learnt from his letter that he was in Spain. 从他的信里我们了解到他在西班牙。
The seller demanded ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that payment should be made within five days. 卖方要求5日内付款。
2. whether / if引导
I don’t know whether he’ll arrive in time. 我不知道他是否能及时到。
I didn’t know whether they liked the place. 我不知道他们是否喜欢这个地方。
I’ll see whether I can induce him to accept it. 我要看看我是否能劝他接受。
I asked her whether she agreed. 我问她是否同意。
He enquired if her parents spoke Spanish. 他问她父母是否讲西班牙语。
I wonder if it’s large enough. 我不知道它是否够大。
She didn’t say if he was still alive. 她没说他是否还活着。
3. 连接代词引导
I don’t know who [whom] you mean. 我不知道你指谁。
Please tell me which you like. 告诉我你喜欢哪一个。
I’Il do whatever I can do. 我将做我所能做的事。
You can take whichever you like. 你爱拿哪个就拿哪个吧。
We’ll do whatever we can to save him. 我们将尽我们所能来挽救他。
Take whichever seat you like. 你要坐哪个座就坐哪个座位。
Give it to whoever you like. 你把它爱给谁就给谁。
You don’t know what you are talking about. 你在说什么，你自己也不知道。
Tomorrow at this time we’ll know who is elected. 明天这时候我们就会知道谁当选了。
4. 连接副词引导
He asked why he had to go alone. 他问他为什么必须一个人去。
You don’t know when you are lucky. 你身在福中不知福。
I asked how he was getting on. 我问他情况怎样。
He knows where they live. 他知道他们住哪里。
Have you found out how wide the ditch Was 你了解到那条沟有多宽吗
I’d like to know when they will let him out. 我很想知道他们什么时候会放他出来。
We didn’t know why he had answered in that fashion. 我们不明白他为什么这样回答。
3. 关系代词what引导
She has got what she wanted. 她要的东西得到了。
I want to tell you what I hear. 我想把听到的情况告诉你。
He could not express what he felt. 他无法表达内心的感受。
They did what they could to console her. 他们尽量安慰她。
They thought they could do what they liked with him. 他们以为他们可以对他为所欲为。
【注意】有时介词后可接一个宾语从句(但介词后通常不接that和if引导的宾语从句)：
From what you say, he is right. 根据你所说的，他是对的。
有极个别介词(如but, except)可接that引导的宾语从句：
She remembered nothin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g about him except that his hair was black. 她对他什么都不记得，只记得他的头发是黑的。
比较下面两句用what引导的宾语从句，它们的意思不一样：
He began to think about what he should do. 他开始考虑应当怎样做。
二、宾语从句与形式宾语it
当宾语从句后跟有宾语补足语时，通常在宾语从句处使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语从句移至句末：
I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。
He hasn’t made it known when he is going to get married. 他还没宣布他何时结婚。
She found it difficult to answer the question. 她发现回答这个问题很困难。
He feels it his duty to hetp others. 他认为帮助别人是他的责任。
He thought it best to be on his guard. 他认为他最好还是要警惕。
He made it a rule to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )speak in Parliament at least once every session. 他规定自己在议会每次开会时至少发一次言。
I find it interesting talking go you. 我觉得同你谈话很有意思。
I consider it wrong to cheat in an examination. 我认为考试作弊是不对的。
三、连词that的省略问题
引导宾语从句的连词that 通常可以省略：
She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。
I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去。
I hoped (that) I would / should succeed. 我曾希望我会成功。
He thinks (that) they will give him a visa. 他想他们会给他签证。
He thought (that) they would give him 3 visa. 他本想他们会给他签证。
I expect (that) the plane will he diverted. 我料想飞机会改变航线。
I expected (that) the plane would be diverted. 我本料想飞机会改变航线。
Everybody kno ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ws (that) money doesn’t grow on trees. 众所周知，金钱是不会从树上长出来的。
I suggested (that) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )they should / shouldn’t drive along the coast. 我建议他们沿着 / 不要沿着海岸开车。
【注】有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略：
That she is a good girl I know. 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。
四、宾语从句与否定转移
当动词think, believe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), suppose, expect, imagine 后接一个表示否定意义的宾语从句时，其否定通常转移到主语：
I don’t suppose that it is true. 我认为那不是真的。
I don’t imagine that he will come. 我想他不会来的。
I don’t think we need waste much time on it. 我想我们不必在这上面花太多时间
We didn’t think we’d be this late. 我们没想到我们会到得这么晚。
I don’t suppose I’ll trouble you again. 我想我不要再麻烦你了。
江苏师范大学附属中学2015年中考英语模拟试题二
姓名____________ 考号_________得分______
一. 单项选择
题 号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
答 案
( )1. —______ progress he’s made since he joined the English Club!
— Yes. And I am sure he can do much better.
A. What great ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. What a great C. How great D. How a great
( )2. Google’s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Street View map service is really of great ______ to me. With its help, I can find places so easily.
A. experience B. effect C. cost D. value
( )3. The bo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y is crazy ______ computer games. He pays attention _______ nothing else.
A. about; to B. about; for C. with; to D. with; for
( )4. Speak louder, please. We can ______hear what you are saying.
A. nearly B. hardly C. almost D. easily
( )5. — What do you think we can do for the left-behind children
— As students, we do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n’t have much money, but we can ______some stationery and our best wishes to them.
A. lend B. provide C. share D. offer
( )6. — What do you think of the book
— I think it is very helpful, and it is worth______.
A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read
( )7. ______str ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ess, maybe you can try sharing your worries with your parents and ask them for help.
A. Reducing B. Reduce C. To reducing D. To reduce
( )8. — I don’t know ______ I can pass the exam.
— Of course you can. You work hard all the time.
A. whether B. how C. why D. which
( )9. — It’s necess ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ary to ask your father not to ______ too late. His health is falling because of it.
— OK. I will tell him to go to bed early.
A. look up B. stay up C. put away D. stay down
( )10. I am s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o grateful to my mother. With her help, I got a high mark in writing. Here ‘got’ can be replaced by ‘______’.
A. arrived B. received C. became D. achieved
( )11. — Lily, why didn’t you ______ your homework
— I’m sorry I forgot to bring it here.
A. hand out B. give out C. give in D. hand in
( )12. Jeremy Shu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )-How Lin ______ by two NBA teams years ago, but now he has become a bright star in the Knicks.
A. is refused B. was refused C. refused D. has been refused
( )13. — I don’ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t think Kobe Bryant is a great basketball player, ______
— But I don’t agree. Who else can be greater than him at present
A. do I B. is he C. isn’t he D. don’t I
( )14. — Could you teach me ______to use the iPad
— Sorry, I don’t know, ______.
A. how; either ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. what; too C. how; too D. what; either
( )15. — Tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nks for listening to me about my problems and giving me your advice, Amy.
—______.
A. With pleasure B. It doesn’t matter C. Me too D. It’s my pleasure
二. 完形填空
题 号 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答 案
I remember when I was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) young, my parents used to disagree nearly on everything I did. I liked wearing bright red clothes, but they said the 　16　 was too sharp. I hated eating vegetables, but they said they were 　17　 my health.
As to my study, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) my parents were very 　18　 me in every subject I was learning. They always asked me to study hard. Every night before I fell 　19　, I asked myself, ‘What’s wrong with me Everything I do is always not right. I had to 　20　 many things I liked doing. I 　21　 had time for my hobbies. My life was not as colourful as my friends’ lives.’ I felt 　22　.
When I was at college, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) I studied the science of human activities. I got very good marks, but I still did not understand 　23　 my parents were so strict.
Then I got married and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) had my own 　24　. I heard myself telling him, ‘You should focus on your schoolwork 　25　 of your time. Read in your free time. Playing computer games 　26　 not good. That T-shirt is not 　27　 your age. Put on a jacket!’ It was at that time that I learnt a(n) 　28　 lesson in my life. I began to understand my parents. They told me what to do because they 　29　, just like I told my son what to do because I cared. Young people, behind all the 　30　 your parents give you, what they are really saying is ‘We care about you and we love you’.
( )16. A. price B. colour C. size D. shape
( )17. A. good for ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. good at C. bad for D. poor in
( )18. A. worri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed about B. pleased with C. strict with D. satisfied with
( )19. A. ill B. down C. sleepy D. asleep
( )20. A. give up B. put up C. set up D. take up
( )21. A. always B. almost C. hardly D. nearly
( )22. A. stressed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. relaxed C. excited D. happy
( )23. A. what ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. when C. how D. why
( )24. A. dec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ision B. child C. survey D. dream
( )25. A. mo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st B. least C. none D. some
( )26. A. are B. is C. was D. were
( )27. A. in B. at C. to D. for
( )28. A. val ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uable B. boring C. comfortable D. elegant
( )29. A. minded ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. blamed C. hated D. cared
( )30. A. sadness B. advice C. money D. progress
三. 阅读理解
题 号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
答 案
A
Dear Editor
Last week, a boy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in my class told me that he liked me very much. I felt really flattered (荣幸的), but I don’t think of him as my boyfriend. I don’t want to hurt his feelings, and I don’t like him in that way. What should I do
Jane
Dear Jane
Don’t worry. It ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is a problem that many girls have had. If you don’t want to harm your friendship, you can tell him that your parents have set a dating age that you have not reached yet. You could tell him that both of you should let your studies come first.
If he replies by ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )asking if you like him, tell him that you are not ready to have a boyfriend. For now, you like him as a friend but not as a boyfriend. Maybe when you get a little older, you can be more than just friends.
Editor
( )31. Jane felt______ when the boy told her that he liked her.
A. flattered but shy B. frightened but pleased
C. flattered but worried D. excited but shy
( )32. Jane’s problem is that ______.
A. she hasn’t enough time to finish her homework
B. her parents are too strict with her
C. she doesn’t have a boyfriend like the boy
D. she doesn’t know how to reply to the boy
( )33. The editor thinks that Jane’s problem is ______.
A. difficult to deal with B. common among girls
C. good for friendship D. good for her growth
( )34. The editor suggests Jane use ______as an excuse.
A. friendship B. her worry C. her parents D. her teachers
( )35. From the two letters we can learn that______.
A. Jane may like the boy to be just her friend
B. Jane’s parents have set her a dating age
C. Jane and the boy will get married
D. her teachers and parents are angry with the boy
B
Here are five points y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou can follow to improve your English, and the first point is the most important.
It’s your dut ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y to achieve your aims!Studying English is your own duty and not the duty of your teacher or your parents. You must take an active part in your classes!
Get a teacher or at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tend a class!It’s a little difficult to study English alone. Also, it’s difficult to learn how to speak English if you don’t have an English teacher or someone else to talk with.
Work as hard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as possible!You need to practise speaking often. You should do all of your homework, study vocabulary lists outside class, and check the homework in time.
Keep studying!Do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n’t stop for a long time even during a summer holiday! To make good progress, you should study at least 5 hours each week.
Make English you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r hobby and have fun!You can improve your English through other activities:Reading — choose English books that you can read.English songs — choos ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e your favourite English songs and sing them again and again.DVDs — many films are in English with subtitles in your language.Travel — travelling in English-speaking countries can help you with your English.
( )36. Point ______ is more important than any other point.
A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 5
( )37. According t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o the writer, an English learner should study 　　　 every week to make good progress.
A. about two hours B. at least four hours
C. at least five hours D. more than seven hours
( )38. The underlined word “subtitles” means “____” in Chinese.
A. 情节 B. 字幕 C. 画面 D. 人物
( )39. Which of the following activities is NOT mentioned
A. Reading English books. B. Singing English songs.
C. Watching English films. D. Writing e-mails in English.
( )40. The reading above is mainly about 　　　.
A. how to improve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) English study B. why we need to learn English
C. how to study E ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nglish for pleasure D. how we can sing English songs well
C
Now I’m studying in th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e US. I find there are some differences between schools in the US and in Vietnam.
One big differenc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e is the clothes students wear at school and how they look. In my country, all the students should wear uniforms when they go to school. Boys aren’t allowed to have long hair. Girls aren’t allowed to have long or coloured nails (指甲).
Another difference ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is about the rules for parents. In Vietnam, when we begin a new year, our parents have to go to a meeting in our class. If they don’t go to that meeting, their children won’t have a grade or a report card from school.
However, in the US, there aren’t such strict rules above.
In Vietnam, a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )class is only 45 minutes and we have only five classes each weekday. When the bell rings, the students just sit in their own classroom. They can’t move to a different one, but students can in the US.
In Vietnam, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )students can’t go to work because they can’t find a job if they’re under 18. But in the US, many students work after school. This helps them make money. More importantly, this helps them become more independent. They’re able to do things by themselves in their own way, without asking other people for help.
( )41. Which country is the writer’s motherland (祖国)
A. America. B. The UK. C. China. D. Vietnam.
( )42. What are th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e girl students allowed to do in the writer’s country
A. To have long nails B. To colour their nails.
C. To grow their hair long. D. To wear their own clothes.
( )43. What does the underlined word “independent” mean in Chinese
A. 勇敢的 B. 独立的 C. 依赖的 D. 不礼貌的
( )44. Which is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )TRUE about the Vietnamese students according to the passage
A. They have twenty-five classes a week.
B. They can design their school uniforms.
C. They don’t get a report card from school.
D. They can find a job whenever they want.
( )45. From the passage, we can learn that 　　　.
A. in Vietnam, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the students can move to a different classroom for classes
B. the US students don ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’t have such strict rules as the Vietnamese students
C. at the end of a sc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hool year, parents in Vietnam have to go to a parents’ meeting
D. American par ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ents don’t pay for their children’s education because they work after school
四. 填空
A. 根据句意和汉语提示，用正确的单词填空。
46. Her behaviour drove me______ (发疯的) at that time.
47. I often d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on’t have ______ (充足) of time to do after-school activities.
48. Sometimes I ______ (怀疑) if it is useful to read English before going to bed.
49. The young woman showed great______ (勇气) during the earthquake.
50. I don’t want to_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____ (打扰) you, but I have something important to tell you.
B. 根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
51. I don’t believe what he told me. It is far from the______ (true).
52. Basketball ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) fans all know that MVP is short for Most______ (value) Player.
53. The little girl go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t lost in the city. She had no______ (choose) but to ask the police for help.
54. Daniel, you should pay more attention to your______ (spell).
55. One of his ____________ (suggest) is to put off the conference.
C. 根据句意和所给首字母提示，用正确的单词填空。
56. You can’t go out and play until your homework is c______.
57. The t______ is too difficult for such a little girl to finish in such a short time.
58. — What do you usually do in your s______time
— I usually read and listen to music.
59. When I walked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )out of the shopping mall, I n______ a girl following me.
60. Pay more ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) attention to your s______. You made so many mistakes in your test.
五. 完成句子
61. 如果你不知道和谁交谈，你可以写信给我。
If you don’t know ________________, you can write to me.
62. 即将到来的考试是造成他压力的主要原因。
The coming exam is________________his stress.
63. 我们不必在意那些嘲笑我们的人。
We should pay no attention to those people who________________ us.
64. 解决这一问题的方法是和你的朋友分享你的问题。
One way to solve this problem is________________your friends.
65. 你应该按时回家，不要在外面呆到很晚。
You should come back home_____________. Don’t __________________
六. 阅读填空
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
When teenager ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s grow older, they try to understand who they are. Children start (66) c______ their clothing styles, hobbies, interests and friends when they begin to find out who they are. They think they are no longer children.
Teenagers begin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to understand the world (67) a______ them. They no longer just listen to their parents. They start to have the desire (欲望) to (68) f______　answers themselves. And they want to go against the rules set by their parents or teachers.
Sometimes, they are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )also confused (困惑的) about (69) t______. They can’t make their own (70) c______and decisions in life like adults, but they are not (71) r______the children who fully depend on others for their lives.
At this time, teena ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gers still need (72) h______　. They need to have a good relationship with their parents, but not just be told (73) w______to do or not to do. They need encouragement (鼓励) to go for their own goals and dreams. They should be (74) g______more freedom to deal with different things themselves. However, the freedom needs boundaries (界限). They need (75) s______in their lives that can help them and make them happy when they meet difficulties.
七. 书面表达
现在越来越多的学生在周末参加 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )辅导班的学习。针对这一现象，同学们有不同的看法，于是安迪对他们班的同学做了一个调查。假设你是安迪，请根据调查结果，以Should we take tutorial classes 为题写一篇短文。
支持(60%) 不支持(40%)
1. 比自学好； 1. 需要时间放松和休息；
2. 学到很多新的东西； 2. 很多培训班以赢利为目的。
3. 可以巩固 (strengthen) 所学内容。
要求:
1. 覆盖要点，并补充自己的看法；
2. 词数：不少于80词，开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
Should we take tutorial classes
Nowadays, more a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd more students take tutorial classes. I made a survey on what my classmates think of it.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　参考答案：
1-5 ADABD 6-10 CDABD 11-15 DBBAD
16-20 BACDA 21-25 CADBA 26-30 BDADB
31-35 CDBCA 36-40 ACBDA 41-45 DCBAB
46. mad 47. plenty 48. doubt 49. courage 50. disturb
51. truth 52. Valuab ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le 53. choice 54. spelling 55. suggestions
pleted ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )57. task 58. spare 59. noticed 60. spelling
61. who to talk to 62. the main cause of 63. laugh at
64. to share your problems with 65. on time; stay out late
66. changing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 67. around 68. find 69. themselves 70. choices
71. really 72. help 73. what 74. given 75. someone
One possible version:
Should we take tutorial classes
Nowadays, more a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd more students take tutorial classes. I made a survey on what my classmates think of it.
60% of the students ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) think it is good for them to take tutorial classes. They think studying in tutorial classes is better than learning by themselves, and they can learn a lot there. There they can also strengthen what they’ve learnt at school. But the rest of the students refused to go to tutorial classes. They think they need more time to relax. They also think the organizers of such classes just want to make money.
I think we need more ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) time for after-school activities. It’s unnecessary to take tutorial classes if we listen to our teachers carefully in class.