2014-2015学年度邢台市中考英语语法-同位语从句专项解读

中考英语语法：同位语从句
一、同位语从句的引导词
引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等。
1. 由that引导
We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到消息说我们队赢了。
They were worried over the fact that you were sick. 他们为你生病发愁。
The news that we are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) having a holiday tomorrow is not true. 明天放假的消息不实。
I’ve come to the conc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lusion that it was unwise to do that. 我得出结论这样做是不明智的。
The fact that the mon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ey has gone does not mean it was stolen. 那笔钱不见了这一事实并不意味着是被偷了。
He referred t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o Copernicus’ statement that the earth moves round the sun. 他提到了哥白尼关于地球绕太阳转的说法。
【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。如：
They were faced wit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h the demand that this tax be abolished. 他们面对废除这个税的要求。
They expressed the wish that she accept the award. 他们表示希望她接受这笔奖金。
There was a sugge ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。
The suggestion th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at the new rule be adopted came from the chairman. 采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。
The resolution that wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )men be allowed to join the society was carried. 允许妇女参加这个协会的决议通过了。
I can underst ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and their eagerness that you should be the main speaker. 我理解他们希望你作主要发言人的殷切心情。
【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。如：
He gabbed hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。
2. 由whether引导
There is some doubt whether he will come. 他是否会来还不一定。
Answer my question whether you are coming. 你回答我的问题：你来不来。
The question whethe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r it is right or wrong depends on the result. 这个是对还是错要看结果。
We are not investig ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ating the question whether he is trustworthy. 我们不是在调查他是否可以信任的问题。
【注意】whether 可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。
3. 由连接代词引导
Have you any idea what time it starts 你知道什么时候开始吗
From 1985-90 I wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s an instructor at the regional party headquarters. After that I went back to work in a factory. Then I had no idea what a casino was. 从1985年到1990年我是地方党部的教员。随后我回到一家工厂工作。当时我不知道赌场是什么样的地方。
4. 由连接副词引导
I have no idea when he will come back. 我不知道他什么时候回来。
It is a question how he did it. 那是一个他如何做的问题。
He had no idea why she left. 他不知道她为什么离开。
You have no idea how worried I was! 你不知道我多着急!
二、关于分离同位语从句
有时同位语从句可以和同位的名词分开。如：
The story goes that he beats his wife. 传说他打老婆。
The news got about t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat he had won a car in the lottery. 消息传开说他中彩得了一辆汽车。
The rumour spread that a new school would be built here. 谣传这里要盖一所新学校。
Report has it that the Smiths are leaving town. 有传言说史密斯一家要离开这座城市。
The thought came t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 他想到可能敌人已逃离这座城市。
The order soon came ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that all citizens should evacuate the village. 不久命令下来，所有居民都必须撤出村子。(G31)
三、同位语从句与定语从句的区别
1.意义的不同
同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号;而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来：
We are glad at the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )news that he will come. 听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。(news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句)
We are glad at the ne ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ws that he told us. 听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。(that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news，故that从句为定语从句)
2. 引导词的不同
what, how, if, whatever 等可引导名词性从句，但不引导定语从句。
3. 引导词的功能上的不同
that引导同位语从句时，它 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。如上例 that he told us中的that就充当told的宾语。
4. 被修饰词语的区别
同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限，通常有 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hope, wish, idea, news, fact, promise, opinion, suggestion, truth等，而定语从句所修饰的名词则非常广泛。 另外，when和where 引导定语从句时，通常只修饰表示时间和地点的名词，而它们引导同位语从句时却不一定;又如why引导定语从句，它通常只修饰名词the reason，而它引导同位语从句时则不一定：
I have no idea when they will come . 我不知道他们什么时候来。(同位语从句)
I’ll never forget t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he days when I lived there.. 我永远不会忘记我住在那儿的日子。(定语从句)
We don’t understand ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the problem why this is the best choice. 我们不明白这个问题，为什么这是最好的选择。(同位语从句 )
The reason why he didn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’t come to the meeting is that he is ill. 他未能来开会，原因是他生病了。(定语从句)
江苏师范大学附属中学2015年中考英语模拟试题二
姓名____________ 考号_________得分______
一. 单项选择
题 号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
答 案
( )1. —______ progress he’s made since he joined the English Club!
— Yes. And I am sure he can do much better.
A. What great ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. What a great C. How great D. How a great
( )2. Google’s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Street View map service is really of great ______ to me. With its help, I can find places so easily.
A. experience B. effect C. cost D. value
( )3. The bo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y is crazy ______ computer games. He pays attention _______ nothing else.
A. about; to B. about; for C. with; to D. with; for
( )4. Speak louder, please. We can ______hear what you are saying.
A. nearly B. hardly C. almost D. easily
( )5. — What do you think we can do for the left-behind children
— As students, we do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n’t have much money, but we can ______some stationery and our best wishes to them.
A. lend B. provide C. share D. offer
( )6. — What do you think of the book
— I think it is very helpful, and it is worth______.
A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read
( )7. ______str ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ess, maybe you can try sharing your worries with your parents and ask them for help.
A. Reducing B. Reduce C. To reducing D. To reduce
( )8. — I don’t know ______ I can pass the exam.
— Of course you can. You work hard all the time.
A. whether B. how C. why D. which
( )9. — It’s necess ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ary to ask your father not to ______ too late. His health is falling because of it.
— OK. I will tell him to go to bed early.
A. look up B. stay up C. put away D. stay down
( )10. I am s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o grateful to my mother. With her help, I got a high mark in writing. Here ‘got’ can be replaced by ‘______’.
A. arrived B. received C. became D. achieved
( )11. — Lily, why didn’t you ______ your homework
— I’m sorry I forgot to bring it here.
A. hand out B. give out C. give in D. hand in
( )12. Jeremy Shu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )-How Lin ______ by two NBA teams years ago, but now he has become a bright star in the Knicks.
A. is refused B. was refused C. refused D. has been refused
( )13. — I don’ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t think Kobe Bryant is a great basketball player, ______
— But I don’t agree. Who else can be greater than him at present
A. do I B. is he C. isn’t he D. don’t I
( )14. — Could you teach me ______to use the iPad
— Sorry, I don’t know, ______.
A. how; either ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. what; too C. how; too D. what; either
( )15. — Tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nks for listening to me about my problems and giving me your advice, Amy.
—______.
A. With pleasure B. It doesn’t matter C. Me too D. It’s my pleasure
二. 完形填空
题 号 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答 案
I remember when I was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) young, my parents used to disagree nearly on everything I did. I liked wearing bright red clothes, but they said the 　16　 was too sharp. I hated eating vegetables, but they said they were 　17　 my health.
As to my study, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) my parents were very 　18　 me in every subject I was learning. They always asked me to study hard. Every night before I fell 　19　, I asked myself, ‘What’s wrong with me Everything I do is always not right. I had to 　20　 many things I liked doing. I 　21　 had time for my hobbies. My life was not as colourful as my friends’ lives.’ I felt 　22　.
When I was at college, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) I studied the science of human activities. I got very good marks, but I still did not understand 　23　 my parents were so strict.
Then I got married and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) had my own 　24　. I heard myself telling him, ‘You should focus on your schoolwork 　25　 of your time. Read in your free time. Playing computer games 　26　 not good. That T-shirt is not 　27　 your age. Put on a jacket!’ It was at that time that I learnt a(n) 　28　 lesson in my life. I began to understand my parents. They told me what to do because they 　29　, just like I told my son what to do because I cared. Young people, behind all the 　30　 your parents give you, what they are really saying is ‘We care about you and we love you’.
( )16. A. price B. colour C. size D. shape
( )17. A. good for ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. good at C. bad for D. poor in
( )18. A. worri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed about B. pleased with C. strict with D. satisfied with
( )19. A. ill B. down C. sleepy D. asleep
( )20. A. give up B. put up C. set up D. take up
( )21. A. always B. almost C. hardly D. nearly
( )22. A. stressed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. relaxed C. excited D. happy
( )23. A. what ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. when C. how D. why
( )24. A. dec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ision B. child C. survey D. dream
( )25. A. mo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st B. least C. none D. some
( )26. A. are B. is C. was D. were
( )27. A. in B. at C. to D. for
( )28. A. val ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uable B. boring C. comfortable D. elegant
( )29. A. minded ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. blamed C. hated D. cared
( )30. A. sadness B. advice C. money D. progress
三. 阅读理解
题 号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
答 案
A
Dear Editor
Last week, a boy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in my class told me that he liked me very much. I felt really flattered (荣幸的), but I don’t think of him as my boyfriend. I don’t want to hurt his feelings, and I don’t like him in that way. What should I do
Jane
Dear Jane
Don’t worry. It ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is a problem that many girls have had. If you don’t want to harm your friendship, you can tell him that your parents have set a dating age that you have not reached yet. You could tell him that both of you should let your studies come first.
If he replies by ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )asking if you like him, tell him that you are not ready to have a boyfriend. For now, you like him as a friend but not as a boyfriend. Maybe when you get a little older, you can be more than just friends.
Editor
( )31. Jane felt______ when the boy told her that he liked her.
A. flattered but shy B. frightened but pleased
C. flattered but worried D. excited but shy
( )32. Jane’s problem is that ______.
A. she hasn’t enough time to finish her homework
B. her parents are too strict with her
C. she doesn’t have a boyfriend like the boy
D. she doesn’t know how to reply to the boy
( )33. The editor thinks that Jane’s problem is ______.
A. difficult to deal with B. common among girls
C. good for friendship D. good for her growth
( )34. The editor suggests Jane use ______as an excuse.
A. friendship B. her worry C. her parents D. her teachers
( )35. From the two letters we can learn that______.
A. Jane may like the boy to be just her friend
B. Jane’s parents have set her a dating age
C. Jane and the boy will get married
D. her teachers and parents are angry with the boy
B
Here are five points y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou can follow to improve your English, and the first point is the most important.
It’s your dut ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y to achieve your aims!Studying English is your own duty and not the duty of your teacher or your parents. You must take an active part in your classes!
Get a teacher or at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tend a class!It’s a little difficult to study English alone. Also, it’s difficult to learn how to speak English if you don’t have an English teacher or someone else to talk with.
Work as hard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as possible!You need to practise speaking often. You should do all of your homework, study vocabulary lists outside class, and check the homework in time.
Keep studying!Do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n’t stop for a long time even during a summer holiday! To make good progress, you should study at least 5 hours each week.
Make English you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r hobby and have fun!You can improve your English through other activities:Reading — choose English books that you can read.English songs — choos ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e your favourite English songs and sing them again and again.DVDs — many films are in English with subtitles in your language.Travel — travelling in English-speaking countries can help you with your English.
( )36. Point ______ is more important than any other point.
A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 5
( )37. According t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o the writer, an English learner should study 　　　 every week to make good progress.
A. about two hours B. at least four hours
C. at least five hours D. more than seven hours
( )38. The underlined word “subtitles” means “____” in Chinese.
A. 情节 B. 字幕 C. 画面 D. 人物
( )39. Which of the following activities is NOT mentioned
A. Reading English books. B. Singing English songs.
C. Watching English films. D. Writing e-mails in English.
( )40. The reading above is mainly about 　　　.
A. how to improve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) English study B. why we need to learn English
C. how to study E ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nglish for pleasure D. how we can sing English songs well
C
Now I’m studying in th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e US. I find there are some differences between schools in the US and in Vietnam.
One big differenc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e is the clothes students wear at school and how they look. In my country, all the students should wear uniforms when they go to school. Boys aren’t allowed to have long hair. Girls aren’t allowed to have long or coloured nails (指甲).
Another difference ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is about the rules for parents. In Vietnam, when we begin a new year, our parents have to go to a meeting in our class. If they don’t go to that meeting, their children won’t have a grade or a report card from school.
However, in the US, there aren’t such strict rules above.
In Vietnam, a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )class is only 45 minutes and we have only five classes each weekday. When the bell rings, the students just sit in their own classroom. They can’t move to a different one, but students can in the US.
In Vietnam, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )students can’t go to work because they can’t find a job if they’re under 18. But in the US, many students work after school. This helps them make money. More importantly, this helps them become more independent. They’re able to do things by themselves in their own way, without asking other people for help.
( )41. Which country is the writer’s motherland (祖国)
A. America. B. The UK. C. China. D. Vietnam.
( )42. What are th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e girl students allowed to do in the writer’s country
A. To have long nails B. To colour their nails.
C. To grow their hair long. D. To wear their own clothes.
( )43. What does the underlined word “independent” mean in Chinese
A. 勇敢的 B. 独立的 C. 依赖的 D. 不礼貌的
( )44. Which is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )TRUE about the Vietnamese students according to the passage
A. They have twenty-five classes a week.
B. They can design their school uniforms.
C. They don’t get a report card from school.
D. They can find a job whenever they want.
( )45. From the passage, we can learn that 　　　.
A. in Vietnam, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the students can move to a different classroom for classes
B. the US students don ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’t have such strict rules as the Vietnamese students
C. at the end of a sc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hool year, parents in Vietnam have to go to a parents’ meeting
D. American par ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ents don’t pay for their children’s education because they work after school
四. 填空
A. 根据句意和汉语提示，用正确的单词填空。
46. Her behaviour drove me______ (发疯的) at that time.
47. I often d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on’t have ______ (充足) of time to do after-school activities.
48. Sometimes I ______ (怀疑) if it is useful to read English before going to bed.
49. The young woman showed great______ (勇气) during the earthquake.
50. I don’t want to_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____ (打扰) you, but I have something important to tell you.
B. 根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
51. I don’t believe what he told me. It is far from the______ (true).
52. Basketball ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) fans all know that MVP is short for Most______ (value) Player.
53. The little girl go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t lost in the city. She had no______ (choose) but to ask the police for help.
54. Daniel, you should pay more attention to your______ (spell).
55. One of his ____________ (suggest) is to put off the conference.
C. 根据句意和所给首字母提示，用正确的单词填空。
56. You can’t go out and play until your homework is c______.
57. The t______ is too difficult for such a little girl to finish in such a short time.
58. — What do you usually do in your s______time
— I usually read and listen to music.
59. When I walked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )out of the shopping mall, I n______ a girl following me.
60. Pay more ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) attention to your s______. You made so many mistakes in your test.
五. 完成句子
61. 如果你不知道和谁交谈，你可以写信给我。
If you don’t know ________________, you can write to me.
62. 即将到来的考试是造成他压力的主要原因。
The coming exam is________________his stress.
63. 我们不必在意那些嘲笑我们的人。
We should pay no attention to those people who________________ us.
64. 解决这一问题的方法是和你的朋友分享你的问题。
One way to solve this problem is________________your friends.
65. 你应该按时回家，不要在外面呆到很晚。
You should come back home_____________. Don’t __________________
六. 阅读填空
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
When teenager ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s grow older, they try to understand who they are. Children start (66) c______ their clothing styles, hobbies, interests and friends when they begin to find out who they are. They think they are no longer children.
Teenagers begin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to understand the world (67) a______ them. They no longer just listen to their parents. They start to have the desire (欲望) to (68) f______　answers themselves. And they want to go against the rules set by their parents or teachers.
Sometimes, they are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )also confused (困惑的) about (69) t______. They can’t make their own (70) c______and decisions in life like adults, but they are not (71) r______the children who fully depend on others for their lives.
At this time, teena ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gers still need (72) h______　. They need to have a good relationship with their parents, but not just be told (73) w______to do or not to do. They need encouragement (鼓励) to go for their own goals and dreams. They should be (74) g______more freedom to deal with different things themselves. However, the freedom needs boundaries (界限). They need (75) s______in their lives that can help them and make them happy when they meet difficulties.
七. 书面表达
现在越来越多的学生在周末参加 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )辅导班的学习。针对这一现象，同学们有不同的看法，于是安迪对他们班的同学做了一个调查。假设你是安迪，请根据调查结果，以Should we take tutorial classes 为题写一篇短文。
支持(60%) 不支持(40%)
1. 比自学好； 1. 需要时间放松和休息；
2. 学到很多新的东西； 2. 很多培训班以赢利为目的。
3. 可以巩固 (strengthen) 所学内容。
要求:
1. 覆盖要点，并补充自己的看法；
2. 词数：不少于80词，开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
Should we take tutorial classes
Nowadays, more a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd more students take tutorial classes. I made a survey on what my classmates think of it.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　参考答案：
1-5 ADABD 6-10 CDABD 11-15 DBBAD
16-20 BACDA 21-25 CADBA 26-30 BDADB
31-35 CDBCA 36-40 ACBDA 41-45 DCBAB
46. mad 47. plenty 48. doubt 49. courage 50. disturb
51. truth 52. Valuab ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le 53. choice 54. spelling 55. suggestions
pleted ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )57. task 58. spare 59. noticed 60. spelling
61. who to talk to 62. the main cause of 63. laugh at
64. to share your problems with 65. on time; stay out late
66. changing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 67. around 68. find 69. themselves 70. choices
71. really 72. help 73. what 74. given 75. someone
One possible version:
Should we take tutorial classes
Nowadays, more a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd more students take tutorial classes. I made a survey on what my classmates think of it.
60% of the students ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) think it is good for them to take tutorial classes. They think studying in tutorial classes is better than learning by themselves, and they can learn a lot there. There they can also strengthen what they’ve learnt at school. But the rest of the students refused to go to tutorial classes. They think they need more time to relax. They also think the organizers of such classes just want to make money.
I think we need more ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) time for after-school activities. It’s unnecessary to take tutorial classes if we listen to our teachers carefully in class.