第42讲完形填空(一)
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课件24张PPT。英 语第42讲 完形填空(一) 完形填空。(2014，湖州)
When I was eight years old，my family moved from Edinburgh to London because Father started a new job there.It was hundreds of miles away from my grandmother，so we sometimes spent hours __1__ to Edinburgh to visit her when we missed her terribly.
Granny never had much.She didn't have __2__ things，or live in a nice house，but I could feel with my __3__ that she loved us deeply，especially when my world was turned upside down __4__ my mother and father divorced(离婚) two years later.
I still remember those little things.Granny allowed me to sit on top of her __5__ table，getting me to dip(蘸) my fingers in the sugar bowl or __6__ from her coffee cup.Granny had a fancy bottle high on a shelf.One day after her death，I received a box.To my surprise，I found the __7__ inside.She remembered once I had asked her for it.Granny __8__ her pennies in a glass jar.She could have used those pennies herself but she kept __9__ for my brother Tommie and me.And I was always excited to __10__ the pennies between my brother and me.“One for you，one for me.”I would repeat __11__ the jar was empty.I don't remember how much we got on our visits，but I know that's __12__ she loved us and cared about us when we were far away from her.So if I am __13__ enough to find a penny lying on the ground one day，I am sure it is just the one from Granny in heaven.
Those childhood memories have never __14__ me.Instead，they still give me warm feelings through the years.A granny's __15__ stays with a grandchild as long as he needs it.You know，love is just like that.( C )1.A.hiking B．running C．driving D．walking
( B )2.A.normal B．expensive C．cheap D．old
( B )3.A.life B．heart C．idea D．thought
( A )4.A.because B．unless C．while D．before
( D )5.A.bedroom B．garden C．bathroom D．kitchen
( D )6.A.fill B．eat C．use D．drink
( A )7.A.bottle B．box C．bowl D．cup
( C )8.A.used B．found C．saved D．lost
( A )9.A.them B．it C．her D．us
( C )10.A.store B．offer C．divide D．provide
( D )11.A.if B．as C．although D．until
( B )12.A.what B．how C．when D．where
( C )13.A.patient B．sad C．lucky D．bored
( A )14.A.gone away from B．come back to
C．come up with D．got along with
( B )15.A.interest B．love C．smile D．mind完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点，既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等，又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功、较好的阅读能力及归纳判断能力，才能适应这一题型。
(一)“完形填空”题要求填入的词：
1．语法结构所要求的功能词。如：连接词、连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词等。
2．具有语法变化的普通词。如：动词的时态、语态、语气，名词的数、代词的格、形容词和副词的级等。
3．固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。
4．同义词、近义词等易混淆词。
5．根据上、下句意思及结构必须填入的确定词。(二)“完形填空”题解题策略：
1．解题前要通读全文，领悟大意。
完形填空常以文章或段落的形式出现，因此，要通读全文，把握文章整体大意就尤为重要。
2．解题时要全面考虑定选项。
完形填空有些答案的四个选项从词汇搭配、语法和句子结构等角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词、句、段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，因此考生还要从上下文中寻找有关的信息，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住含有关键信息的词语，理顺句子之间的关系，确定正确的答案。其具体做法有：
(1)重视首句寻求信息
完形填空本是一篇残缺的文章，留下首句可以帮助考生了解文章的主题，可以了解短文的概貌与作者的意图。要充分利用首句的标示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，从而展开思维。【例1】 Mr. Smith was hanging some family pictures on the wall of his new house.While he was using a hammer(锤子) to knock hails(钉子) into the hard __ A _，some of them fell on the floor.(2014，台州，26)
A．wall B．chair C．door D．floor
点拨：由首句“史密斯先生正把一些家庭照片挂在新房子的墙上”可知，他是用锤子把钉子砸进坚硬的墙里。1．Many years ago，when I was a student，the radio studio manager at WXBN interviewed me and it changed my life.
“How old are you？”he looked down at __A__．(2014，天津，41)
A．me B．her C．you D．him
(2)明辨褒贬语境判断是非
几乎每篇完形填空的语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理、情绪状态和作者写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在吃透文章并准确传递文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息，找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或句子，大胆预测下文。【例2】 ... I also _ D _ that some parents may feel unhappy if their kids study a subject at an easy level.(2014，重庆B，48)
A．hope B．report C．cry D．worry
点拨：由后面的“feel unhappy”和“an easy level”可知“我”是担心发生这种情况。2．If we are wise，having enough experience and knowledge，we regard these failures(失败) as a necessary and __C__ part of learning.(2014，山西，31)
A．similar B．active C．important
(3)巧用平行结构判断逻辑
平行结构指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、语气一致的句子或短语组成串排列的语言现象。平行结构形式上整齐匀称，内容上联系紧密。命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其意义的关联和对比这一特点来设空。了解这一点可大大提高解题效率。
【例3】 Is it the day when we were born or the day we B ？(2014，呼和浩特，27)
A．miss B．die C．grow D．start
点拨：与“出生”相对应的是“死”。3．So instead of staying in the __B__ classroom，they go to different rooms to have their lessons.(2014，重庆B，41)
A．clean B．same C．bright D．empty
(4)结合常识明辨真伪
【例4】 On Thursday，Richard arrived at school with a big smile on his face.(2014，佛山，36)
“Why are you so _ D _？”asked David.
A．early B．happy C．unfriendly D．sad
点拨：脸上有灿烂的笑容，所以大卫问“为什么这么高兴？”。4．They thought the woman looked very __B__．They went up to her and said，“Are you going to town？If you are，we will help carry your basket.”(2014，河北，47)
A．bored B．tired
C．pleased D．surprised(一)(2014，绍兴)
A smiling face at the store
I need to get some things to clean the house this weekend，so I headed over to a local store.While walking around.I realized that I wasn't __1__ at anyone.That was out of character.I almost always smile at strangers with the __2__ that it might brighten their day a bit.But in that particular moment，I was thinking of what had __3__ me earlier in the day，not really in the mood(心情) to smile.
When I went to check out my things，I met __4__ a very long time.People were buying Christmas gifts.To shorten the first line，a second register(收银台) opened up.I __5__ turned to it.After a few moments.I began to __6__ that all the people before me had lots of things to check out.I wasn't __7__ any longer，so I returned to the first line.After a short while，all the people in the second line checked out.I was __8__ standing in the first line.At last，it was my __9__ to check out.I found that the man behind the register seemed so __10__！He greeted me with a huge smile.
“It's nice to __11__ see a smiling face in this store，”I commented.
He replied，“I love to smile，__12__ you never know what people are going through.”At that moment，he made me think of __13__．
Something in me changed，and we began __14__ kindness—about how it goes a long way.There was no one behind me，so we talked and laughed for a while.What a __15__ it is，to be cheered up by this kind young man！I suddenly had all the time in the world.( C )1.A.shouting B．pointingC．smiling D．knocking
( A )2.A.hope B．planC．suggestion D．decision
( B )3.A.pleased B．troubled C．relaxed D．treated
( D )4.A.for B．at C．in D．with
( B )5.A.slowly B．quickly C．actually D．easily
( C )6.A.remember B．supposeC．notice D．imagine
( A )7.A.patient B．nervous C．polite D．silent
( D )8.A.just B．ever C．once D．still
( A )9.A.turn B．dream C．duty D．courage
( C )10.A.serious B．calm C．happy D．clever
( D )11.A.especially B．naturallyC．firstly D．finally
( B )12.A.when B．because C．but D．so
( C )13.A.himself B．yourself C．myself D．herself
( B )14.A.thinking about B．talking about
C．worrying about D．learning about
( A )15.A.gift B．pity C．chance D．surprise(二)
Why do some people change their names？There can be many __16__.Someone changed his name because he thought it would be __17__for people to remember.On the other hand，some people are thinking about changing their names to __18__ones because they want to be different.
Film stars，singers，sportsmen and some __19__famous people often change their names because they want names that are not __20__，or that have special sound.They chose the“new names”for themselves__21__of the names their parents gave them when they were__22__.Some people have another reason__23__changing their names.They have __24__to a new country and want to use a name that is __25__there.For example，Li Kaiming changed his name to Ken Lee __26__he moved to the United States.He uses the name Ken at his job and at school.__27__with his family and Chinese friends，he __28__Li Kaiming.For some people，using different names makes life easier in their new residence(住处)．In many countries，a woman changes her __29__name to her husband's after she gets __30__.But today，many women are keeping their own family names and not using their husbands'.Sometimes，women use their own names and in some situations they use their husbands'.
( A )16.A.reasons B．ways C．things D．questions
( A )17.A.easier B．funnier C．harder D．happier
( C )18.A.bad B．same C．unusual D．colorful
( A )19.A.other B．another C．others D．the other( B )20.A.popular B．ordinary C．easy D．expensive
( D )21.A.never B．hardly C．besides D．instead
( C )22.A.grown B．young C．born D．old
( A )23.A.for B．from C．to D．in
( C )24.A.left B．listened C．moved D．depended
( C )25.A.strange B．poor C．usual D．good
( A )26.A.when B．which C．where D．how
( C )27.A.Because B．So C．But D．As
( B )28.A.wants B．uses C．spells D．remembers
( D )29.A.full B．pen C．middle D．family
( B )30.A.fat B．married C．hungry D．lost(三)
Robert had just moved into the neighborhood，and he had a strange feeling that he was not wanted.He thought maybe __31__ boys were trying to get idea of what he was like.But that didn't make him feel any less __32__．He was new，and he had to be __33__．Still，proving himself would not be all __34__ easy.He didn't want to make friends with bad boys or do anything __35__ the law to prove that he was __36__．No！He must show what he was __37__ in a good way.That's how he got his idea.The next day was Saturday.He __38__ that most of the boys would go down to the playground and choose sides for Saturday's __39__ game.Robert knew he was strong.Then the boys would want to be his friends.
He __40__ early and did his step exercises.He shot(投掷) the ball several times and did some other exercises，some of __41__ were very difficult and looked cool.Then the boys came.Robert __42__ what he had done before the game and __43__ what he could do.No one said a __44__．The boys just looked at each other and thought about it.When it was all over，the biggest one in the group __45__ and shook his hand.Robert knew he had made it.
( D )31.A.another B．the others C．others D．the other
( A )32.A.lonely B．friendly C．happy D．uncertain
( D )33.A.examined B．checked C．corrected D．tested( B )34.A.even B．that C．too D．much
( B )35.A.for B．against C．on D．about
( C )36.A.weak B．friendly C．strong D．lovely
( A )37.A.made of B．made from C．made up of D．made into
( D )38.A.decided B．considered C．realized D．knew
( B )39.A.football B．basketball C．volleyball D．baseball
( A )40.A.arrived B．got C．reached D．appeared
( D )41.A.that B．it C．them D．which
( B )42.A.looked through B．went through C．lived through D．got through
( A )43.A.showed B．acted C．played D．gave
( B )44.A.letter B．word C．phrase D．sentence
( C )45.A.cried B．left C．smiled D．stayed
When I was eight years old，my family moved from Edinburgh to London because Father started a new job there.It was hundreds of miles away from my grandmother，so we sometimes spent hours __1__ to Edinburgh to visit her when we missed her terribly.
Granny never had much.She didn't have __2__ things，or live in a nice house，but I could feel with my __3__ that she loved us deeply，especially when my world was turned upside down __4__ my mother and father divorced(离婚) two years later.
I still remember those little things.Granny allowed me to sit on top of her __5__ table，getting me to dip(蘸) my fingers in the sugar bowl or __6__ from her coffee cup.Granny had a fancy bottle high on a shelf.One day after her death，I received a box.To my surprise，I found the __7__ inside.She remembered once I had asked her for it.Granny __8__ her pennies in a glass jar.She could have used those pennies herself but she kept __9__ for my brother Tommie and me.And I was always excited to __10__ the pennies between my brother and me.“One for you，one for me.”I would repeat __11__ the jar was empty.I don't remember how much we got on our visits，but I know that's __12__ she loved us and cared about us when we were far away from her.So if I am __13__ enough to find a penny lying on the ground one day，I am sure it is just the one from Granny in heaven.
Those childhood memories have never __14__ me.Instead，they still give me warm feelings through the years.A granny's __15__ stays with a grandchild as long as he needs it.You know，love is just like that.( C )1.A.hiking B．running C．driving D．walking
( B )2.A.normal B．expensive C．cheap D．old
( B )3.A.life B．heart C．idea D．thought
( A )4.A.because B．unless C．while D．before
( D )5.A.bedroom B．garden C．bathroom D．kitchen
( D )6.A.fill B．eat C．use D．drink
( A )7.A.bottle B．box C．bowl D．cup
( C )8.A.used B．found C．saved D．lost
( A )9.A.them B．it C．her D．us
( C )10.A.store B．offer C．divide D．provide
( D )11.A.if B．as C．although D．until
( B )12.A.what B．how C．when D．where
( C )13.A.patient B．sad C．lucky D．bored
( A )14.A.gone away from B．come back to
C．come up with D．got along with
( B )15.A.interest B．love C．smile D．mind完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点，既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等，又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功、较好的阅读能力及归纳判断能力，才能适应这一题型。
(一)“完形填空”题要求填入的词：
1．语法结构所要求的功能词。如：连接词、连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词等。
2．具有语法变化的普通词。如：动词的时态、语态、语气，名词的数、代词的格、形容词和副词的级等。
3．固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。
4．同义词、近义词等易混淆词。
5．根据上、下句意思及结构必须填入的确定词。(二)“完形填空”题解题策略：
1．解题前要通读全文，领悟大意。
完形填空常以文章或段落的形式出现，因此，要通读全文，把握文章整体大意就尤为重要。
2．解题时要全面考虑定选项。
完形填空有些答案的四个选项从词汇搭配、语法和句子结构等角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词、句、段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，因此考生还要从上下文中寻找有关的信息，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住含有关键信息的词语，理顺句子之间的关系，确定正确的答案。其具体做法有：
(1)重视首句寻求信息
完形填空本是一篇残缺的文章，留下首句可以帮助考生了解文章的主题，可以了解短文的概貌与作者的意图。要充分利用首句的标示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，从而展开思维。【例1】 Mr. Smith was hanging some family pictures on the wall of his new house.While he was using a hammer(锤子) to knock hails(钉子) into the hard __ A _，some of them fell on the floor.(2014，台州，26)
A．wall B．chair C．door D．floor
点拨：由首句“史密斯先生正把一些家庭照片挂在新房子的墙上”可知，他是用锤子把钉子砸进坚硬的墙里。1．Many years ago，when I was a student，the radio studio manager at WXBN interviewed me and it changed my life.
“How old are you？”he looked down at __A__．(2014，天津，41)
A．me B．her C．you D．him
(2)明辨褒贬语境判断是非
几乎每篇完形填空的语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理、情绪状态和作者写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在吃透文章并准确传递文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息，找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或句子，大胆预测下文。【例2】 ... I also _ D _ that some parents may feel unhappy if their kids study a subject at an easy level.(2014，重庆B，48)
A．hope B．report C．cry D．worry
点拨：由后面的“feel unhappy”和“an easy level”可知“我”是担心发生这种情况。2．If we are wise，having enough experience and knowledge，we regard these failures(失败) as a necessary and __C__ part of learning.(2014，山西，31)
A．similar B．active C．important
(3)巧用平行结构判断逻辑
平行结构指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、语气一致的句子或短语组成串排列的语言现象。平行结构形式上整齐匀称，内容上联系紧密。命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其意义的关联和对比这一特点来设空。了解这一点可大大提高解题效率。
【例3】 Is it the day when we were born or the day we B ？(2014，呼和浩特，27)
A．miss B．die C．grow D．start
点拨：与“出生”相对应的是“死”。3．So instead of staying in the __B__ classroom，they go to different rooms to have their lessons.(2014，重庆B，41)
A．clean B．same C．bright D．empty
(4)结合常识明辨真伪
【例4】 On Thursday，Richard arrived at school with a big smile on his face.(2014，佛山，36)
“Why are you so _ D _？”asked David.
A．early B．happy C．unfriendly D．sad
点拨：脸上有灿烂的笑容，所以大卫问“为什么这么高兴？”。4．They thought the woman looked very __B__．They went up to her and said，“Are you going to town？If you are，we will help carry your basket.”(2014，河北，47)
A．bored B．tired
C．pleased D．surprised(一)(2014，绍兴)
A smiling face at the store
I need to get some things to clean the house this weekend，so I headed over to a local store.While walking around.I realized that I wasn't __1__ at anyone.That was out of character.I almost always smile at strangers with the __2__ that it might brighten their day a bit.But in that particular moment，I was thinking of what had __3__ me earlier in the day，not really in the mood(心情) to smile.
When I went to check out my things，I met __4__ a very long time.People were buying Christmas gifts.To shorten the first line，a second register(收银台) opened up.I __5__ turned to it.After a few moments.I began to __6__ that all the people before me had lots of things to check out.I wasn't __7__ any longer，so I returned to the first line.After a short while，all the people in the second line checked out.I was __8__ standing in the first line.At last，it was my __9__ to check out.I found that the man behind the register seemed so __10__！He greeted me with a huge smile.
“It's nice to __11__ see a smiling face in this store，”I commented.
He replied，“I love to smile，__12__ you never know what people are going through.”At that moment，he made me think of __13__．
Something in me changed，and we began __14__ kindness—about how it goes a long way.There was no one behind me，so we talked and laughed for a while.What a __15__ it is，to be cheered up by this kind young man！I suddenly had all the time in the world.( C )1.A.shouting B．pointingC．smiling D．knocking
( A )2.A.hope B．planC．suggestion D．decision
( B )3.A.pleased B．troubled C．relaxed D．treated
( D )4.A.for B．at C．in D．with
( B )5.A.slowly B．quickly C．actually D．easily
( C )6.A.remember B．supposeC．notice D．imagine
( A )7.A.patient B．nervous C．polite D．silent
( D )8.A.just B．ever C．once D．still
( A )9.A.turn B．dream C．duty D．courage
( C )10.A.serious B．calm C．happy D．clever
( D )11.A.especially B．naturallyC．firstly D．finally
( B )12.A.when B．because C．but D．so
( C )13.A.himself B．yourself C．myself D．herself
( B )14.A.thinking about B．talking about
C．worrying about D．learning about
( A )15.A.gift B．pity C．chance D．surprise(二)
Why do some people change their names？There can be many __16__.Someone changed his name because he thought it would be __17__for people to remember.On the other hand，some people are thinking about changing their names to __18__ones because they want to be different.
Film stars，singers，sportsmen and some __19__famous people often change their names because they want names that are not __20__，or that have special sound.They chose the“new names”for themselves__21__of the names their parents gave them when they were__22__.Some people have another reason__23__changing their names.They have __24__to a new country and want to use a name that is __25__there.For example，Li Kaiming changed his name to Ken Lee __26__he moved to the United States.He uses the name Ken at his job and at school.__27__with his family and Chinese friends，he __28__Li Kaiming.For some people，using different names makes life easier in their new residence(住处)．In many countries，a woman changes her __29__name to her husband's after she gets __30__.But today，many women are keeping their own family names and not using their husbands'.Sometimes，women use their own names and in some situations they use their husbands'.
( A )16.A.reasons B．ways C．things D．questions
( A )17.A.easier B．funnier C．harder D．happier
( C )18.A.bad B．same C．unusual D．colorful
( A )19.A.other B．another C．others D．the other( B )20.A.popular B．ordinary C．easy D．expensive
( D )21.A.never B．hardly C．besides D．instead
( C )22.A.grown B．young C．born D．old
( A )23.A.for B．from C．to D．in
( C )24.A.left B．listened C．moved D．depended
( C )25.A.strange B．poor C．usual D．good
( A )26.A.when B．which C．where D．how
( C )27.A.Because B．So C．But D．As
( B )28.A.wants B．uses C．spells D．remembers
( D )29.A.full B．pen C．middle D．family
( B )30.A.fat B．married C．hungry D．lost(三)
Robert had just moved into the neighborhood，and he had a strange feeling that he was not wanted.He thought maybe __31__ boys were trying to get idea of what he was like.But that didn't make him feel any less __32__．He was new，and he had to be __33__．Still，proving himself would not be all __34__ easy.He didn't want to make friends with bad boys or do anything __35__ the law to prove that he was __36__．No！He must show what he was __37__ in a good way.That's how he got his idea.The next day was Saturday.He __38__ that most of the boys would go down to the playground and choose sides for Saturday's __39__ game.Robert knew he was strong.Then the boys would want to be his friends.
He __40__ early and did his step exercises.He shot(投掷) the ball several times and did some other exercises，some of __41__ were very difficult and looked cool.Then the boys came.Robert __42__ what he had done before the game and __43__ what he could do.No one said a __44__．The boys just looked at each other and thought about it.When it was all over，the biggest one in the group __45__ and shook his hand.Robert knew he had made it.
( D )31.A.another B．the others C．others D．the other
( A )32.A.lonely B．friendly C．happy D．uncertain
( D )33.A.examined B．checked C．corrected D．tested( B )34.A.even B．that C．too D．much
( B )35.A.for B．against C．on D．about
( C )36.A.weak B．friendly C．strong D．lovely
( A )37.A.made of B．made from C．made up of D．made into
( D )38.A.decided B．considered C．realized D．knew
( B )39.A.football B．basketball C．volleyball D．baseball
( A )40.A.arrived B．got C．reached D．appeared
( D )41.A.that B．it C．them D．which
( B )42.A.looked through B．went through C．lived through D．got through
( A )43.A.showed B．acted C．played D．gave
( B )44.A.letter B．word C．phrase D．sentence
( C )45.A.cried B．left C．smiled D．stayed
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