Unit 8 A green world 单元测试题（含解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024年译林版英语八年级下学期
Unit 8 A green world
单元综合提升检测卷
一、单项选择(共10小题,计15分)
( )1.Linda and Lily are doing a and they will finish the report in August.
A. matter B. survey C. check D. background
( )2.(2022·广东深圳宝安区期末)—Noise pollution has become a problem in cities. It does harm to our health.
—You are right. We must do something to stop it.
A. serious B. fantastic C. meaningful D. strange
( )3.This factory dairy products such as milk and cheese.
A. digs B. separates C. produces D. reduces
( )4.There's a huge between thinking about something and actually doing it. Try to choose properly.
A. development B. decision
C. discovery D. difference
( )5.Watching TV may be relaxing,but spending too much time on it is to our eyes.
A. meaningful B. delightful
C. harmful D. wise
( )6.(2022·四川成都青羊实验中学期中)We must shop on the Internet so that we can avoid buying useless or low-quality things.
A. wisely B. carelessly
C. politely D. easily
( )7.(2022·江苏泰州姜堰区期末) 新风向 社会热点 The 25th Olympic Winter Games in Italian cities Milan and Cortina in 2026.
A. is held B.was held
C.will be held D.is going to hold
( )8.—What are you doing, Lisa Why not the light It's time to sleep.
—I want to read for a while.
A. turn on B. turn off
C. turn up D. turn down
( )9.(2022·湖北武汉一初慧泉中学模拟预测)—According to China Daily, many people feel uncomfortable using facial recognition(识别).
—Yeah, they worry that their information .
A. steal B. stolen
C. was stolen D. will be stolen
( )10.—Don't keep water running when you wash hands.
— .
A. I hope so B. I'm afraid not
C. Sorry, I won't D. It doesn't matter
二、(2022·江苏苏州中考改编)完形填空(共10小题,计15分)
Like most children growing up in the countryside, Mike loved being outdoors and travelled around every inch of the area.
With a deep love of the land, he had a strong wish to 11 it. When Mike saw rubbish floating in the rivers, he got 12 . He knew he had to do something. While only in third grade, Mike started a group. Its purpose was to 13 the countryside and teach other young people about pollution and its dangers.
But Mike faced a challenge. 14 he was shy, he found it hard to speak out in public. However, with his mum's help, Mike 15 dealt with his fear. He said, "I took responsibility(责任)and did what needed to be done. When your heart is into it, 16 will stop you."
Mike worked hard to 17 his idea to the public. He handed out leaflets and even appeared on radio and TV. His efforts paid off. He won 18 from several thousand people. And his group collected and recycled more than 22,000 pounds of rubbish.
Now as a college student, Mike's 19 remains the same. He often says, "I want to create a 20 life for my kids and grandkids. It's beautiful countryside, and I want my kids to see it like I see it."
( )11.A. practise B. protect C. prepare D. provide
( )12.A. weak B. tired C. relaxed D. angry
( )13.A. clean up B. break into C. set up D. move into
( )14.A. As B. Although C. Till D. Before
( )15.A. clearly B. carefully C. successfully D. traditionally
( )16.A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything
( )17.A. accept B. change C. follow D. introduce
( )18.A. courage B. victory C. support D. reward
( )19.A. wish B. chance C. luck D. fear
( )20.A. busier B. harder C. better D. crazier
三、阅读理解(共15小题,计30分)
A(2021·湖南长沙师大附中博才实验中学月考改编)
Clean-Up Day
March 21st, 2021, on the third Sunday of March
9:00 a.m. ~ 11:30 a.m.
Meet in Sunshine Park
Come with your family and neighbors. First let's pick up the rubbish in Sunshine Park next to our neighborhood. Remember to wear comfortable clothes and take your gloves. We will give you rubbish bags. Free lunch for volunteers is in the restaurant near the park. At 1:30 p.m., come back to our neighborhood to continue.
1:30 p.m. ~ 3:30 p.m.
Meet in our neighborhood
We will prepare cleaning tools for you. After that, we'll have afternoon tea from 3:30 p.m. to 4:30 p.m. Cheese cakes and hot coffee are waiting for you. Let's enjoy our Clean-up Day!
( )21.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text
A. The time for volunteers to meet is in the morning.
B. The food volunteers have for lunch in the restaurant.
C. The suitable clothes to wear when volunteering.
D. Clean-up Day is on Sunday March 21.
( )22.Volunteers should when they go to the park to do the cleaning.
A. take their gloves B. take rubbish bags
C. invite their friends D. wear school uniforms
( )23.We can infer (推断) from the notice that the activity could be .
A. kind of fun B. quite boring
C. very serious D. a little sad
( )24.What can we know from the text
A. Volunteers should be teenagers.
B. The clean-up activity has two parts.
C. The activity starts in a neighborhood.
D. Volunteers have to work for five hours.
B
Technology(科技)has made life easier. For example, we can pay for things with our smartphones. But there are still many problems, such as environmental problems.
Factory emissions(工厂排放物)make the air bad. Air pollution can bring many illnesses. The water in many rivers is also polluted. We hardly ever see fish in the river now. Instead, there are plastic bags, rubbish and dead animals' bodies. The sky isn't blue and the river isn't clean any more. We should do something for the earth. But how
Maybe technology can help us again. For example, new energy cars don't have any emissions. They use electricity(电能). If more people drive new energy cars, we can help reduce pollution.
For water pollution, I hear that scientists have made a kind of machine that can clean water. Scientists have also found a kind of germ(微生物)that can help break down(使分解)plastic.
Technology is important in protecting the environment. But I think what's more important is not to harm the environment. Save the world and start from you and me.
( )25.Why does the writer talk about smartphones in the first paragraph
A. To tell us not to use smartphones.
B. To tell us about the environmental problems.
C. To give an example that technology has made life easier.
D. To encourage us to pay for things with smartphones.
( )26.What is the passage mainly about
A. Technology is a double-edged(双刃的) sword.
B. Make better use of technology to protect the environment.
C. Technology makes people live a better life.
D. Technology has caused environmental pollution.
( )27.Which is the structure of the passage
A. ①/②/③④⑤ B. ①②③/④⑤
C. ①②/③/④⑤ D. ①②③/④/⑤
C
Scientists in Britain and the United States have made a new kind of enzyme(酶) that eats plastics. With its help, plastics can be turned into smaller parts and go away quickly. Scientists believe that it can solve the problem of plastic pollution in the future.
The enzyme is able to break down PET, a form of plastic. PET was first made in the 1940s and is now widely used to make plastic bottles. It pollutes large areas of land and water. So it has always been a headache to deal with the waste from PET.
The scientists found it while they were examining the structure of a natural enzyme in Japan. They found that the natural enzyme was helpful to break down PET plastics. So, they decided to make small changes to the enzyme by adding some amino acids(氨基酸). It made the natural enzyme's plastic-eating ability work faster and better.
John McGeehan, one of the lead scientists, said,"We have made an improved enzyme. It's better than the natural one. And we are trying to make more improvements to it. " He went on,"The improved enzyme is not bad for humans or animals,and it is friendly to the environment. So we are thinking about putting it into wider uses."
The team is now trying to make the improved enzyme break down PET. "We'll see that the plastic pollution may be stopped with this technology. However, there is still a long way to go," John McGeehan added.
( )28.According to the scientists, the enzyme may solve the problem of pollution.
A. air B. water
C. light D. plastic
( )29.What does the underlined word "it"refer to
A. Scientists.
B. Britain.
C. A new kind of enzyme.
D. The USA.
( )30.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. The scientists are still trying to improve the enzyme.
B. The enzyme will pollute large areas of land and water.
C. The natural enzyme works better than the improved one.
D. The natural enzyme is bad for humans and animals.
( )31.The passage is written in a(n) tone(语气).
A. sad B. hopeful
C. angry D. crazy
D(2022·重庆中考B卷)
新风向 关注绿色冬奥 The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was a great success.China has kept the promise to hold a green Olympics. Many green actions made it possible,like providing environmentally friendly smart beds, using new energy(能源) cars, supporting sporting places with 100% clean energy and reusing rain and snow water.
Take making ice as an example.China didn't use R507,a common material to make ice, because it isn't friendly enough to the environment.Through 18 months' hard work, China independently developed the CO2 direct cooling technology.
A net of tubes runs under the ice.High-pressure liquid(液态)CO2 goes through them to create heat(热) exchange. The CO2 evaporates(蒸发) under the ice surface. The evaporation takes in heat and turns water on the surface into ice.And the CO2 goes into another circle. This technology helps to make ice better and faster.And above all, it is much greener because there's no new CO2 produced. Among all the 15 ice sporting places in the Winter Olympics,7 used the CO2 direct cooling technology to make ice.As a result, much less pollution was caused.
Beijing did so much more to save energy.Beijing built the new sporting places with green materials. As for the old ones,Beijing used new glass walls to take the place of traditional walls to let more natural light in.70% of the waste heat was also reused to keep warm and dry.And a large number of new energy cars were used at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics is the first to truly achieve carbon neutrality(碳中和), and it has set new standards in green technologies. Some newspapers say China has set an example for the world in environmental protection and green development.
( )32.How long did it take China to develop the CO2 direct cooling technology
A. 18 months. B. 100 weeks.
C. 15 days. D. 7 years.
( )33.The writer writes Paragraph 3 to show .
A. why the CO2 goes into another circle
B. how the new ice-making technology helped
C. how sporting places used the new technology
D. why the liquid CO2 runs through the net of tubes
( )34.According to the passage,we can infer(推断) that .
A. all the buildings will be built with glass walls in the near future
B. the CO2 direct cooling technology may be widely used in the world
C. the high-pressure liquid CO2 will totally take the place of R507 soon
D. no new standards in green technologies may be set after the Olympics
( )35.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. A New Green Ice-Making Technology
B. Green Technologies Used in Sports
C. A Shared Future of Green Development
D. The Green Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics
四、任务型阅读(共3小题,计6分)
阅读下面短文,并用英语回答问题。
We all know that we need water to live. 65%-70% of our body is water and we need to drink water every day to be healthy!So what will happen to the earth's water if global(全球的)warming gets worse
About 71% of the earth's surface is covered with water. When the temperature of the earth rises,the temperature of the water rises, too. Higher water temperatures will kill the underwater plants and tiny fish. But it's not just the fish! Higher temperatures also have an influence on animals on land. Some scientists think that because of global warming, two thirds of the world's polar bears will never be seen on our planet by 2050.
Global warming makes the weather change, too. In some places, there will be less rain. This will cause deserts to be larger. In other places, the rain will become very heavy,so we will have less farmland.
Global warming is a big problem. But we can help by making small changes like turning off the tap, lights, and TV when we aren't using them!
36.How much of the earth's surface is covered with water
_____________________________________________________________________
37.What will happen to the underwater plants and tiny fish when water temperatures get higher
_____________________________________________________________________
38.What small changes can we make to help solve the problem of global warming
_____________________________________________________________________
五、补全对话(共5小题,计10分)
根据对话内容,从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两个为多余选项。
A: Parks are really important in a neighborhood. 39.
B: Sounds good. What can we do
A: Well, we can pick up garbage(捡垃圾).
B: What a great idea! 40.
A: Yes, let's ask them to come. We can ask the neighbors, too.
B: 41.
A: We should bring garbage bags and buckets(桶).
B: 42.
A: Let's volunteer on Saturday. The weather will be sunny.
B: 43.
A: Old clothes. We'll probably get dirty.
B: OK. I will tell the others.
A. What should we wear
B. What should we bring
C. When should we volunteer
D. People must keep them clean.
E. I learned a lot from the activity.
F. Maybe we can invite our friends to help.
G. Let's volunteer to clean up the Central Park.
六、(2022·重庆育才中学三模)书面表达(共1题,计24分)
新风向 结合饼状图 毕业在即,你是否注意到家里一堆堆废弃的旧教材呢 是出售、捐赠还是留作纪念 最近有业内人士指出,我国教科书用量巨大,若不能循环利用,会造成极大的浪费。某中学就"教科书的循环利用"这一话题对该校学生进行了调查。假如你是该校广播站英语时光栏目的编辑,请结合以下调查结果写一篇英文广播稿。
参考要点:1.阐述调查结果(双方观点,理由);
2.陈述自己的看法(观点,处理方式);
3.……
要求:1.80词左右,开头已给出,不计入总词数;
2.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校的名称。
Dear schoolmates,
Recently, it's said that the use of textbooks has become a big waste. Our school has done a survey of recycling textbooks.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 8 单元综合提升检测卷
一、单项选择
1.B 考查名词辨析。句意:琳达和莉莉正在做一个调查,她们将会在8月完成这一份报告。survey"调查",符合句意。
2.A 考查形容词辨析。根据题干中的"It does harm to our health""We must do something to stop it"可知,设空处是说,噪声污染已经成了一个严重的问题。serious"严重的",符合题意。
3.C 考查动词辨析。句意:这家工厂生产乳制品,如牛奶和奶酪。dig挖;separate分开;produce生产;reduce减少。故选C。
4.D 考查名词辨析。此处是说,考虑某件事和实际去做它之间有很大的差别。development发展;decision决定;discovery发现; difference差别,差异。故选D。
5.C 考查形容词辨析。句意:看电视可能会令人放松,但是花太多时间看电视对我们的眼睛是有害的。meaningful有意义的;delightful令人愉快的;harmful有害的;wise明智的。结合句意可知选C。
6.A 考查副词辨析。根据题干中的"so that we can avoid buying useless or low-quality things"可知,设空处是说我们在网上必须明智购物。wisely"明智地,充满智慧地",符合题意。
7.C 考查动词的时态和语态。主语The 25th Olympic Winter Games是谓语hold的承受者,应用被动语态,故排除D项;又根据题干中的"in 2026"可知应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。
8.B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:——莉萨,你在做什么呢 为什么不关灯 是时候睡觉了。——我想看一会儿书。结合语境可知此处表示"关闭",故用turn off。
9.D 考查动词的时态和语态。宾语从句中主语 their information 是谓语steal的承受者,应用被动语态,故排除A、B两项;根据语境可知,此处应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
10.C 考查情景交际。上句句意:你洗手的时候不要让水一直流着。结合语境可知此处表示"抱歉,我不会了",故选C。
二、完形填空
【短文大意】 本文介绍了迈克对乡村生活的热爱以及他是如何致力于保护乡村环境的。
11.B 根据下文中的"teach other young people about pollution and its dangers"可知,迈克很想"保护"这片土地,故所缺的词是protect。
12.D 根据上下文可知,当迈克看到河里漂浮着垃圾时,他很"生气",故所缺的词是angry。
【点拨】本题采用的是情感态度推断法。
13.A 根据设空后的"teach other young people about pollution and its dangers"可推知,这个团体的目的是把乡村"打扫干净",故clean up符合文意。
14.A 根据设空后的"he found it hard to speak out in public"可推知,"因为"迈克很腼腆,故所缺的词是As。
15.C 根据设空前的"However, with his mum's help"可推知,迈克"成功"克服了恐惧,故successfully符合文意。
16.B 根据语境可知,此处是说,当你全身心投入时,没有什么能阻止你,故所缺的词是nothing。
【妙辩异同】something/anything/everything/nothing (1)something意为"某事,某物",通常用在肯定句中,还可以用在表示邀请、请求或期望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。 (2)anything意为"某事,某物"时,通常用在否定句或疑问句中,anything还可以用在肯定句中,此时表示"任何事情,任何东西"。 (3)everything意为"所有事物,每件事"。 (4)nothing意为"没有任何东西,没有事"。
17.D 根据下文中的"handed out leaflets and even appeared on radio and TV"可知,迈克努力把他的想法"介绍"给大众,故introduce符合文意。
18.C 根据上下文可知,他赢得了好几千人的"支持",故所缺的词是support。
19.A 根据第二段中的"a strong wish"及设空后的"remains the same"可知,迈克的愿望保持不变,故所缺的词是wish。
【点拨】本题采用的是词汇复现解题法。
20.C 根据上下文可知,迈克想要给自己的子孙创造"更好的"生活,故所缺的词是better。
三、阅读理解
【A篇短文大意】 本文主要是关于清扫日的介绍。
21.B 判断正误题。根据表格中的"March 21st, 2021, on the third Sunday of March"及"9:00 a.m.~ 11:30 a.m.及"Remember to wear comfortable clothes"可知A、C、D项表述正确。文中未提到午饭吃的具体食物,故选B。
22.A 细节理解题。根据表格中的"take your gloves"可知,志愿者应该在他们去公园做清洁工作的时候拿着手套,故选A。
23.A 推理判断题。通读全文尤其是"Cheese cakes and...Let's enjoy our Clean-up Day!"可推断活动的氛围是有趣的,故选A。
24.B 细节理解题。根据表格中的"Meet in Sunshine Park"及"Meet in our neighborhood"可知这个活动分为两个部分,故选B。
【B篇短文大意】 科技使生活更便利,同时也带来了污染,但我们可以利用科技来保护环境。
25.C 推理判断题。根据文章第一句可推知作者用智能手机支付的例子来说明科技使生活更便利。
26.B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,科技有利有弊,需要我们更好地利用科技保护环境,故选B。
27.A 篇章结构题。文章第一段指出科技有利有弊,在使我们生活更方便的同时,也带来了污染。第二段举例说明所带来的污染。第三、四和五段指出了我们要更好地利用科技保护环境。故选A。
【C篇短文大意】 科学家发现一种酶可以分解塑料,但还需要进一步实验。
28.D 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知这种酶可用来解决塑料污染问题,故选D。
29.C 代词指代题。根据第一段中的"...a new kind of enzyme(酶) that eats plastics. With its help, plastics can be turned into smaller parts and go away quickly" 可知,it指代的是能将塑料分解为较小部分并使其迅速消失的新型酶,故选C。
30.A 判断正误题。通读全文可知A项表述正确。
31.B 推理判断题。通读全文可知,科学家发现一种酶可用来解决塑料污染问题,并且正在试着改进这种酶,用来处理塑料废品,所以短文的语气应是充满希望的。故选B。
【D篇短文大意】 本文主要介绍了北京2022年冬奥会为减少污染和节约能源而做的努力。
32.A 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知选A。
33.B 段落大意题。通读第三段内容可知,本段主要介绍了新的制冰技术是如何实现节能减排,从而助力环境保护的。故选B。
34.B 推理判断题。根据第三段的最后两句可知,二氧化碳跨临界直冷制冰技术可以减少污染;再结合最后一段的最后一句可推知,这项技术可能在世界范围内被广泛应用。故选B。
35.D 标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了北京2022年冬奥会为实现绿色奥运所做的努力,故D项是本文的最佳标题。
四、任务型阅读
【短文大意】 本文主要介绍了全球变暖给地球和人类带来的影响。
36.About 71%.
37.The underwater plants and tiny fish will die.
38.We can turn off the tap, lights, and TV when we aren't using them.
五、补全对话
39—43 GFBCA
六、书面表达
One possible version:
Dear schoolmates,
Recently, it's said that the use of textbooks has become a big waste. Our school has done a survey of recycling textbooks.
38% of the students think textbooks should not be recycled, because they want to take notes by themselves. Also, they are worried about public health. However, 62% of the students think textbooks should be recycled because recycling textbooks is a good way to save the forest. For another reason, it's good for us to learn from others' notes.
In my opinion, it is necessary to recycle textbooks. Recycling textbooks not only can save resources but also can help us get into a good habit to save money.
All small things can add up and become big things that can improve the environment. Let's take action to recycle textbooks together!
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2024年译林版英语八年级下学期
Unit 8 A green world
单元综合提升检测卷
一、单项选择(共10小题,计15分)
( )1.Linda and Lily are doing a and they will finish the report in August.
A. matter B. survey C. check D. background
( )2.(2022·广东深圳宝安区期末)—Noise pollution has become a problem in cities. It does harm to our health.
—You are right. We must do something to stop it.
A. serious B. fantastic C. meaningful D. strange
( )3.This factory dairy products such as milk and cheese.
A. digs B. separates C. produces D. reduces
( )4.There's a huge between thinking about something and actually doing it. Try to choose properly.
A. development B. decision
C. discovery D. difference
( )5.Watching TV may be relaxing,but spending too much time on it is to our eyes.
A. meaningful B. delightful
C. harmful D. wise
( )6.(2022·四川成都青羊实验中学期中)We must shop on the Internet so that we can avoid buying useless or low-quality things.
A. wisely B. carelessly
C. politely D. easily
( )7.(2022·江苏泰州姜堰区期末) 新风向 社会热点 The 25th Olympic Winter Games in Italian cities Milan and Cortina in 2026.
A. is held B.was held
C.will be held D.is going to hold
( )8.—What are you doing, Lisa Why not the light It's time to sleep.
—I want to read for a while.
A. turn on B. turn off
C. turn up D. turn down
( )9.(2022·湖北武汉一初慧泉中学模拟预测)—According to China Daily, many people feel uncomfortable using facial recognition(识别).
—Yeah, they worry that their information .
A. steal B. stolen
C. was stolen D. will be stolen
( )10.—Don't keep water running when you wash hands.
— .
A. I hope so B. I'm afraid not
C. Sorry, I won't D. It doesn't matter
二、(2022·江苏苏州中考改编)完形填空(共10小题,计15分)
Like most children growing up in the countryside, Mike loved being outdoors and travelled around every inch of the area.
With a deep love of the land, he had a strong wish to 11 it. When Mike saw rubbish floating in the rivers, he got 12 . He knew he had to do something. While only in third grade, Mike started a group. Its purpose was to 13 the countryside and teach other young people about pollution and its dangers.
But Mike faced a challenge. 14 he was shy, he found it hard to speak out in public. However, with his mum's help, Mike 15 dealt with his fear. He said, "I took responsibility(责任)and did what needed to be done. When your heart is into it, 16 will stop you."
Mike worked hard to 17 his idea to the public. He handed out leaflets and even appeared on radio and TV. His efforts paid off. He won 18 from several thousand people. And his group collected and recycled more than 22,000 pounds of rubbish.
Now as a college student, Mike's 19 remains the same. He often says, "I want to create a 20 life for my kids and grandkids. It's beautiful countryside, and I want my kids to see it like I see it."
( )11.A. practise B. protect C. prepare D. provide
( )12.A. weak B. tired C. relaxed D. angry
( )13.A. clean up B. break into C. set up D. move into
( )14.A. As B. Although C. Till D. Before
( )15.A. clearly B. carefully C. successfully D. traditionally
( )16.A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything
( )17.A. accept B. change C. follow D. introduce
( )18.A. courage B. victory C. support D. reward
( )19.A. wish B. chance C. luck D. fear
( )20.A. busier B. harder C. better D. crazier
三、阅读理解(共15小题,计30分)
A(2021·湖南长沙师大附中博才实验中学月考改编)
Clean-Up Day
March 21st, 2021, on the third Sunday of March
9:00 a.m. ~ 11:30 a.m.
Meet in Sunshine Park
Come with your family and neighbors. First let's pick up the rubbish in Sunshine Park next to our neighborhood. Remember to wear comfortable clothes and take your gloves. We will give you rubbish bags. Free lunch for volunteers is in the restaurant near the park. At 1:30 p.m., come back to our neighborhood to continue.
1:30 p.m. ~ 3:30 p.m.
Meet in our neighborhood
We will prepare cleaning tools for you. After that, we'll have afternoon tea from 3:30 p.m. to 4:30 p.m. Cheese cakes and hot coffee are waiting for you. Let's enjoy our Clean-up Day!
( )21.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text
A. The time for volunteers to meet is in the morning.
B. The food volunteers have for lunch in the restaurant.
C. The suitable clothes to wear when volunteering.
D. Clean-up Day is on Sunday March 21.
( )22.Volunteers should when they go to the park to do the cleaning.
A. take their gloves B. take rubbish bags
C. invite their friends D. wear school uniforms
( )23.We can infer (推断) from the notice that the activity could be .
A. kind of fun B. quite boring
C. very serious D. a little sad
( )24.What can we know from the text
A. Volunteers should be teenagers.
B. The clean-up activity has two parts.
C. The activity starts in a neighborhood.
D. Volunteers have to work for five hours.
B
Technology(科技)has made life easier. For example, we can pay for things with our smartphones. But there are still many problems, such as environmental problems.
Factory emissions(工厂排放物)make the air bad. Air pollution can bring many illnesses. The water in many rivers is also polluted. We hardly ever see fish in the river now. Instead, there are plastic bags, rubbish and dead animals' bodies. The sky isn't blue and the river isn't clean any more. We should do something for the earth. But how
Maybe technology can help us again. For example, new energy cars don't have any emissions. They use electricity(电能). If more people drive new energy cars, we can help reduce pollution.
For water pollution, I hear that scientists have made a kind of machine that can clean water. Scientists have also found a kind of germ(微生物)that can help break down(使分解)plastic.
Technology is important in protecting the environment. But I think what's more important is not to harm the environment. Save the world and start from you and me.
( )25.Why does the writer talk about smartphones in the first paragraph
A. To tell us not to use smartphones.
B. To tell us about the environmental problems.
C. To give an example that technology has made life easier.
D. To encourage us to pay for things with smartphones.
( )26.What is the passage mainly about
A. Technology is a double-edged(双刃的) sword.
B. Make better use of technology to protect the environment.
C. Technology makes people live a better life.
D. Technology has caused environmental pollution.
( )27.Which is the structure of the passage
A. ①/②/③④⑤ B. ①②③/④⑤
C. ①②/③/④⑤ D. ①②③/④/⑤
C
Scientists in Britain and the United States have made a new kind of enzyme(酶) that eats plastics. With its help, plastics can be turned into smaller parts and go away quickly. Scientists believe that it can solve the problem of plastic pollution in the future.
The enzyme is able to break down PET, a form of plastic. PET was first made in the 1940s and is now widely used to make plastic bottles. It pollutes large areas of land and water. So it has always been a headache to deal with the waste from PET.
The scientists found it while they were examining the structure of a natural enzyme in Japan. They found that the natural enzyme was helpful to break down PET plastics. So, they decided to make small changes to the enzyme by adding some amino acids(氨基酸). It made the natural enzyme's plastic-eating ability work faster and better.
John McGeehan, one of the lead scientists, said,"We have made an improved enzyme. It's better than the natural one. And we are trying to make more improvements to it. " He went on,"The improved enzyme is not bad for humans or animals,and it is friendly to the environment. So we are thinking about putting it into wider uses."
The team is now trying to make the improved enzyme break down PET. "We'll see that the plastic pollution may be stopped with this technology. However, there is still a long way to go," John McGeehan added.
( )28.According to the scientists, the enzyme may solve the problem of pollution.
A. air B. water
C. light D. plastic
( )29.What does the underlined word "it"refer to
A. Scientists.
B. Britain.
C. A new kind of enzyme.
D. The USA.
( )30.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. The scientists are still trying to improve the enzyme.
B. The enzyme will pollute large areas of land and water.
C. The natural enzyme works better than the improved one.
D. The natural enzyme is bad for humans and animals.
( )31.The passage is written in a(n) tone(语气).
A. sad B. hopeful
C. angry D. crazy
D(2022·重庆中考B卷)
新风向 关注绿色冬奥 The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was a great success.China has kept the promise to hold a green Olympics. Many green actions made it possible,like providing environmentally friendly smart beds, using new energy(能源) cars, supporting sporting places with 100% clean energy and reusing rain and snow water.
Take making ice as an example.China didn't use R507,a common material to make ice, because it isn't friendly enough to the environment.Through 18 months' hard work, China independently developed the CO2 direct cooling technology.
A net of tubes runs under the ice.High-pressure liquid(液态)CO2 goes through them to create heat(热) exchange. The CO2 evaporates(蒸发) under the ice surface. The evaporation takes in heat and turns water on the surface into ice.And the CO2 goes into another circle. This technology helps to make ice better and faster.And above all, it is much greener because there's no new CO2 produced. Among all the 15 ice sporting places in the Winter Olympics,7 used the CO2 direct cooling technology to make ice.As a result, much less pollution was caused.
Beijing did so much more to save energy.Beijing built the new sporting places with green materials. As for the old ones,Beijing used new glass walls to take the place of traditional walls to let more natural light in.70% of the waste heat was also reused to keep warm and dry.And a large number of new energy cars were used at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics is the first to truly achieve carbon neutrality(碳中和), and it has set new standards in green technologies. Some newspapers say China has set an example for the world in environmental protection and green development.
( )32.How long did it take China to develop the CO2 direct cooling technology
A. 18 months. B. 100 weeks.
C. 15 days. D. 7 years.
( )33.The writer writes Paragraph 3 to show .
A. why the CO2 goes into another circle
B. how the new ice-making technology helped
C. how sporting places used the new technology
D. why the liquid CO2 runs through the net of tubes
( )34.According to the passage,we can infer(推断) that .
A. all the buildings will be built with glass walls in the near future
B. the CO2 direct cooling technology may be widely used in the world
C. the high-pressure liquid CO2 will totally take the place of R507 soon
D. no new standards in green technologies may be set after the Olympics
( )35.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. A New Green Ice-Making Technology
B. Green Technologies Used in Sports
C. A Shared Future of Green Development
D. The Green Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics
四、任务型阅读(共3小题,计6分)
阅读下面短文,并用英语回答问题。
We all know that we need water to live. 65%-70% of our body is water and we need to drink water every day to be healthy!So what will happen to the earth's water if global(全球的)warming gets worse
About 71% of the earth's surface is covered with water. When the temperature of the earth rises,the temperature of the water rises, too. Higher water temperatures will kill the underwater plants and tiny fish. But it's not just the fish! Higher temperatures also have an influence on animals on land. Some scientists think that because of global warming, two thirds of the world's polar bears will never be seen on our planet by 2050.
Global warming makes the weather change, too. In some places, there will be less rain. This will cause deserts to be larger. In other places, the rain will become very heavy,so we will have less farmland.
Global warming is a big problem. But we can help by making small changes like turning off the tap, lights, and TV when we aren't using them!
36.How much of the earth's surface is covered with water
_____________________________________________________________________
37.What will happen to the underwater plants and tiny fish when water temperatures get higher
_____________________________________________________________________
38.What small changes can we make to help solve the problem of global warming
_____________________________________________________________________
五、补全对话(共5小题,计10分)
根据对话内容,从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两个为多余选项。
A: Parks are really important in a neighborhood. 39.
B: Sounds good. What can we do
A: Well, we can pick up garbage(捡垃圾).
B: What a great idea! 40.
A: Yes, let's ask them to come. We can ask the neighbors, too.
B: 41.
A: We should bring garbage bags and buckets(桶).
B: 42.
A: Let's volunteer on Saturday. The weather will be sunny.
B: 43.
A: Old clothes. We'll probably get dirty.
B: OK. I will tell the others.
A. What should we wear
B. What should we bring
C. When should we volunteer
D. People must keep them clean.
E. I learned a lot from the activity.
F. Maybe we can invite our friends to help.
G. Let's volunteer to clean up the Central Park.
六、(2022·重庆育才中学三模)书面表达(共1题,计24分)
新风向 结合饼状图 毕业在即,你是否注意到家里一堆堆废弃的旧教材呢 是出售、捐赠还是留作纪念 最近有业内人士指出,我国教科书用量巨大,若不能循环利用,会造成极大的浪费。某中学就"教科书的循环利用"这一话题对该校学生进行了调查。假如你是该校广播站英语时光栏目的编辑,请结合以下调查结果写一篇英文广播稿。
参考要点:1.阐述调查结果(双方观点,理由);
2.陈述自己的看法(观点,处理方式);
3.……
要求:1.80词左右,开头已给出,不计入总词数;
2.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校的名称。
Dear schoolmates,
Recently, it's said that the use of textbooks has become a big waste. Our school has done a survey of recycling textbooks.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 8 单元综合提升检测卷
一、单项选择
1.B 考查名词辨析。句意:琳达和莉莉正在做一个调查,她们将会在8月完成这一份报告。survey"调查",符合句意。
2.A 考查形容词辨析。根据题干中的"It does harm to our health""We must do something to stop it"可知,设空处是说,噪声污染已经成了一个严重的问题。serious"严重的",符合题意。
3.C 考查动词辨析。句意:这家工厂生产乳制品,如牛奶和奶酪。dig挖;separate分开;produce生产;reduce减少。故选C。
4.D 考查名词辨析。此处是说,考虑某件事和实际去做它之间有很大的差别。development发展;decision决定;discovery发现; difference差别,差异。故选D。
5.C 考查形容词辨析。句意:看电视可能会令人放松,但是花太多时间看电视对我们的眼睛是有害的。meaningful有意义的;delightful令人愉快的;harmful有害的;wise明智的。结合句意可知选C。
6.A 考查副词辨析。根据题干中的"so that we can avoid buying useless or low-quality things"可知,设空处是说我们在网上必须明智购物。wisely"明智地,充满智慧地",符合题意。
7.C 考查动词的时态和语态。主语The 25th Olympic Winter Games是谓语hold的承受者,应用被动语态,故排除D项;又根据题干中的"in 2026"可知应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。
8.B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:——莉萨,你在做什么呢 为什么不关灯 是时候睡觉了。——我想看一会儿书。结合语境可知此处表示"关闭",故用turn off。
9.D 考查动词的时态和语态。宾语从句中主语 their information 是谓语steal的承受者,应用被动语态,故排除A、B两项;根据语境可知,此处应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
10.C 考查情景交际。上句句意:你洗手的时候不要让水一直流着。结合语境可知此处表示"抱歉,我不会了",故选C。
二、完形填空
【短文大意】 本文介绍了迈克对乡村生活的热爱以及他是如何致力于保护乡村环境的。
11.B 根据下文中的"teach other young people about pollution and its dangers"可知,迈克很想"保护"这片土地,故所缺的词是protect。
12.D 根据上下文可知,当迈克看到河里漂浮着垃圾时,他很"生气",故所缺的词是angry。
【点拨】本题采用的是情感态度推断法。
13.A 根据设空后的"teach other young people about pollution and its dangers"可推知,这个团体的目的是把乡村"打扫干净",故clean up符合文意。
14.A 根据设空后的"he found it hard to speak out in public"可推知,"因为"迈克很腼腆,故所缺的词是As。
15.C 根据设空前的"However, with his mum's help"可推知,迈克"成功"克服了恐惧,故successfully符合文意。
16.B 根据语境可知,此处是说,当你全身心投入时,没有什么能阻止你,故所缺的词是nothing。
【妙辩异同】something/anything/everything/nothing (1)something意为"某事,某物",通常用在肯定句中,还可以用在表示邀请、请求或期望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。 (2)anything意为"某事,某物"时,通常用在否定句或疑问句中,anything还可以用在肯定句中,此时表示"任何事情,任何东西"。 (3)everything意为"所有事物,每件事"。 (4)nothing意为"没有任何东西,没有事"。
17.D 根据下文中的"handed out leaflets and even appeared on radio and TV"可知,迈克努力把他的想法"介绍"给大众,故introduce符合文意。
18.C 根据上下文可知,他赢得了好几千人的"支持",故所缺的词是support。
19.A 根据第二段中的"a strong wish"及设空后的"remains the same"可知,迈克的愿望保持不变,故所缺的词是wish。
【点拨】本题采用的是词汇复现解题法。
20.C 根据上下文可知,迈克想要给自己的子孙创造"更好的"生活,故所缺的词是better。
三、阅读理解
【A篇短文大意】 本文主要是关于清扫日的介绍。
21.B 判断正误题。根据表格中的"March 21st, 2021, on the third Sunday of March"及"9:00 a.m.~ 11:30 a.m.及"Remember to wear comfortable clothes"可知A、C、D项表述正确。文中未提到午饭吃的具体食物,故选B。
22.A 细节理解题。根据表格中的"take your gloves"可知,志愿者应该在他们去公园做清洁工作的时候拿着手套,故选A。
23.A 推理判断题。通读全文尤其是"Cheese cakes and...Let's enjoy our Clean-up Day!"可推断活动的氛围是有趣的,故选A。
24.B 细节理解题。根据表格中的"Meet in Sunshine Park"及"Meet in our neighborhood"可知这个活动分为两个部分,故选B。
【B篇短文大意】 科技使生活更便利,同时也带来了污染,但我们可以利用科技来保护环境。
25.C 推理判断题。根据文章第一句可推知作者用智能手机支付的例子来说明科技使生活更便利。
26.B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,科技有利有弊,需要我们更好地利用科技保护环境,故选B。
27.A 篇章结构题。文章第一段指出科技有利有弊,在使我们生活更方便的同时,也带来了污染。第二段举例说明所带来的污染。第三、四和五段指出了我们要更好地利用科技保护环境。故选A。
【C篇短文大意】 科学家发现一种酶可以分解塑料,但还需要进一步实验。
28.D 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知这种酶可用来解决塑料污染问题,故选D。
29.C 代词指代题。根据第一段中的"...a new kind of enzyme(酶) that eats plastics. With its help, plastics can be turned into smaller parts and go away quickly" 可知,it指代的是能将塑料分解为较小部分并使其迅速消失的新型酶,故选C。
30.A 判断正误题。通读全文可知A项表述正确。
31.B 推理判断题。通读全文可知,科学家发现一种酶可用来解决塑料污染问题,并且正在试着改进这种酶,用来处理塑料废品,所以短文的语气应是充满希望的。故选B。
【D篇短文大意】 本文主要介绍了北京2022年冬奥会为减少污染和节约能源而做的努力。
32.A 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知选A。
33.B 段落大意题。通读第三段内容可知,本段主要介绍了新的制冰技术是如何实现节能减排,从而助力环境保护的。故选B。
34.B 推理判断题。根据第三段的最后两句可知,二氧化碳跨临界直冷制冰技术可以减少污染;再结合最后一段的最后一句可推知,这项技术可能在世界范围内被广泛应用。故选B。
35.D 标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了北京2022年冬奥会为实现绿色奥运所做的努力,故D项是本文的最佳标题。
四、任务型阅读
【短文大意】 本文主要介绍了全球变暖给地球和人类带来的影响。
36.About 71%.
37.The underwater plants and tiny fish will die.
38.We can turn off the tap, lights, and TV when we aren't using them.
五、补全对话
39—43 GFBCA
六、书面表达
One possible version:
Dear schoolmates,
Recently, it's said that the use of textbooks has become a big waste. Our school has done a survey of recycling textbooks.
38% of the students think textbooks should not be recycled, because they want to take notes by themselves. Also, they are worried about public health. However, 62% of the students think textbooks should be recycled because recycling textbooks is a good way to save the forest. For another reason, it's good for us to learn from others' notes.
In my opinion, it is necessary to recycle textbooks. Recycling textbooks not only can save resources but also can help us get into a good habit to save money.
All small things can add up and become big things that can improve the environment. Let's take action to recycle textbooks together!
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