2024届高三英语一轮专题非谓语动词1：不定式的句法功能课件(共33张PPT，内镶嵌视频)
文档属性
| 名称 | 2024届高三英语一轮专题非谓语动词1：不定式的句法功能课件(共33张PPT，内镶嵌视频) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 20.1MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-11-19 14:49:02 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
(共33张PPT)
非谓语动词1：
不定式(to do)的句法功能
高中英语语法
I need somebody _________
我需要有人治愈
Somebody_________
有人倾诉
Somebody ___________
有人陪伴
Somebody________
有人相拥
It's easy _________
这知之非难
But it's never the same
却行之不易
to heal
to know
to have
to hold
to say
动词不定式的基本语法功能有哪些？
动词不定式
To do that sort of thing is foolish。
I want to see you this evening.
All you have to do is to finish it quickly.
We found a house to live in.
She came here to study English.
I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation.
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
宾补
作主语
To give up smoking is right.
. 放弃吸烟是对的。
It is right to give up smoking
It takes me an hour to go to school by bike every day.
每天，骑自行车去上学花费我一个小时。
To go to school by bike takes me an hour everyday .
作宾语
Fred didn’t have any money, so he decided to look for a job.
1. Fred 没有钱，所以他决定(decide to)找一份工作。
2.当句子中有宾语补足语时，it作形式宾语，to do不定式作真正的宾语
I think it hard to answer the question in one go.
我发现一下子回答出这个问题很难。
作表语
My job is to teach English.
To see is to believe.
1. 我的工作是教英语。
2. 眼见为实。
作定语
1.Betty是第一个知道这真相的人
Betty was the first to know the truth
2.当被修饰词是序数词或最高级或者被序数词或最高级修饰时，非谓语动词作定语需要用不定式形式
He is always the first student to come to the classroom. 他总是第一个到教室的学生。
He was the best man to do the job. 他是做这个工作最好的人选。
3.当被修饰词是抽象名词时，非谓语动词作定语需要用不定式形式
I have a chance to study abroad. 我有一个出国留学的机会。
作定语
作状语
1）作目的状语
To succeed, you should try you best. 为了成功，你必须尽全力。
In order to pass the exam, he has been prepared for two weeks. 为了通过这次考试，他已经准备了两周。
作状语
2）做结果状语
He woke up only to find that he was alone in the house. 他醒来后发现，这个屋子里竟然只有他一个人
only to do...：竟然......，表示出乎意料的结果。
He got up so early as to catch the first bus. 他起的如此早，以致于赶上了第一趟公交车。
She is such a responsible doctor as to earn all the patients' respect. 她是如此负责任的医生以致于赢得了所有病人的尊敬。
so/such...as to do...：如此......以致于......
This box is too heavy to raise up. 这个箱子太沉了以致于抬不起来。
too...to do...：如此......以致于......，此句型中的to do表示否定含义
作状语
3）做原因状语
We all are surprised to see his rapid progress. 看到他取得如此快速的进步，我们都很惊奇。
I am nice to meet you. 见到你，我很高兴。
作宾补
He often reminds me to keep early hours.
他经常提醒我早睡早起。
We are waiting for James to arrive.
我们等着詹姆斯到来。
Please allow me to introduce Mr. White to you.
请允许我给你们介绍Mr. White
本领最多不定式，主、表、宾、补、定和状。
样样成分都能行，只有谓语它不做。
有时它把句型改，
作主宾用“it”, 置后把身藏。
。
SUMMARY不定式语法功能口诀
A.有些动词后面的不定式不带to，如feel（一感）hear,listen to（二听）make, have, let（三让） see, watch, notice, observe（四看）.但在被动语态时to 要还原
I heard them sing a pop song .
The teacher made me answer the question.
We watched them play football .
七个感官三使役， 宾补要把to甩开
不定式的特殊用法
动词不定式的时态
1. I opened the door to enter the room.
2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.
㈠. 一般式( to do ).
不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。
㈡.进行式( to be doing)
1. I am very glad to be working with you.
2. He is said to be coming.
谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行。
动词不定式的时态
动词不定式的时态
㈢.完成式（to have done)
1. I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.
2. You seemed to have read the novel written by Mr. Smith.
谓语表示的动作发生在不定式之后。
动词不定式的语态
㈠.主动式( to do / to be doing /to have done)
We want to learn English well.
22.Robert is said____abroad, but I didn’t know what country he studied in.
to have studied B.to study
C. made D. to make
当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的执行者时.
动词不定式的语态
㈡.被动式( to be done / to have been done)
He didn’t like to be laughed at.
24. He claimed ____in the supper market when he was doing shopping yesterday.
being badly treated B.treating badly
C. to be treated badly D. to have been badly treated.
当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时.
2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷
To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出)...
【答案】 to bite
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。
2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷
Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket ...
【答案】to be lifted
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
2023年2月四省联考
One agency, ____37____(base) in Woodbridge, is expected ____38____(receive) $1. 5 million.
【答案】37.based
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一家机构，总部在Woodbridge，预计将获得150万美元。分析句子可知，“(base) in Woodbridge”作定语，base与One agency是被动关系，故用过去分词，故填based。
【答案】38.to receive
【解析】考查不定式。句意同上。be expected to do sth.“被预计……”，用不定式作主语补足语，故填to receive。
An agreement tomorrow will do good to every one of us.
A. to be signed B. being signed C. signed
The plan for the trip by our teacher next week is very important.
A. made B. to be made
C. being made
动词不定式的否定式只须在to 前加 not.
My father decided not to take up the job.
The teacher told us not to be late again.
In order ____, he hid himself in a cave.
A. not to find B. to be not found
C. not to be found D. to not find
The teacher told them_____ make so much noise.
A. don“t B. not
C. will not D. not to
不定式的疑问：
在动词不定式to 前加疑问词， 句法功能相当于to do
Mr.Lin will teach us how to use the computer.
Can you tell me where to get the book
There isn’t any difference between the two. I really don"t know_____
A.where to choose B. which to choose
C. to choose what D. to choose which"Have you decided when_____ “ "Yes, tomorrow morning."
A. to leave B. to be leaving
C. will you leave D. are you leaving
真题解析
(2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them.
【答案】to see
考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
真题:
(2020课标全国Ⅰ,66)Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.
【答案】to find
(2020课标全国Ⅱ,68)They are easy (care) for and make great presents.
【答案】to care
(2020课标全国Ⅲ,67)The next morning he hired a boat and set out (find) the well-known painter.
【答案】to find
真题解析
(2020天津,4) (help) us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.
【答案】To help
(2020课标全国Ⅲ,62)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take _______(get) there.
【答案】to get
真题
(2021届广东新高考适应性测试卷一, 39)To really appreciate and understand another language you need (understand) its culture and philosophy.
【答案】to understand
(2021广东北大附中深圳南山分校期中,64)All those climbers need (bring) a lot of gear (用具) and much of them ends up being left on the mountains becoming the world’s tallest rubbish dump.
【答案】to bring
非谓语动词之
不定式(to do)
by lily 塔三 2023
高中英语语法
非谓语动词1：
不定式(to do)的句法功能
高中英语语法
I need somebody _________
我需要有人治愈
Somebody_________
有人倾诉
Somebody ___________
有人陪伴
Somebody________
有人相拥
It's easy _________
这知之非难
But it's never the same
却行之不易
to heal
to know
to have
to hold
to say
动词不定式的基本语法功能有哪些？
动词不定式
To do that sort of thing is foolish。
I want to see you this evening.
All you have to do is to finish it quickly.
We found a house to live in.
She came here to study English.
I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation.
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
宾补
作主语
To give up smoking is right.
. 放弃吸烟是对的。
It is right to give up smoking
It takes me an hour to go to school by bike every day.
每天，骑自行车去上学花费我一个小时。
To go to school by bike takes me an hour everyday .
作宾语
Fred didn’t have any money, so he decided to look for a job.
1. Fred 没有钱，所以他决定(decide to)找一份工作。
2.当句子中有宾语补足语时，it作形式宾语，to do不定式作真正的宾语
I think it hard to answer the question in one go.
我发现一下子回答出这个问题很难。
作表语
My job is to teach English.
To see is to believe.
1. 我的工作是教英语。
2. 眼见为实。
作定语
1.Betty是第一个知道这真相的人
Betty was the first to know the truth
2.当被修饰词是序数词或最高级或者被序数词或最高级修饰时，非谓语动词作定语需要用不定式形式
He is always the first student to come to the classroom. 他总是第一个到教室的学生。
He was the best man to do the job. 他是做这个工作最好的人选。
3.当被修饰词是抽象名词时，非谓语动词作定语需要用不定式形式
I have a chance to study abroad. 我有一个出国留学的机会。
作定语
作状语
1）作目的状语
To succeed, you should try you best. 为了成功，你必须尽全力。
In order to pass the exam, he has been prepared for two weeks. 为了通过这次考试，他已经准备了两周。
作状语
2）做结果状语
He woke up only to find that he was alone in the house. 他醒来后发现，这个屋子里竟然只有他一个人
only to do...：竟然......，表示出乎意料的结果。
He got up so early as to catch the first bus. 他起的如此早，以致于赶上了第一趟公交车。
She is such a responsible doctor as to earn all the patients' respect. 她是如此负责任的医生以致于赢得了所有病人的尊敬。
so/such...as to do...：如此......以致于......
This box is too heavy to raise up. 这个箱子太沉了以致于抬不起来。
too...to do...：如此......以致于......，此句型中的to do表示否定含义
作状语
3）做原因状语
We all are surprised to see his rapid progress. 看到他取得如此快速的进步，我们都很惊奇。
I am nice to meet you. 见到你，我很高兴。
作宾补
He often reminds me to keep early hours.
他经常提醒我早睡早起。
We are waiting for James to arrive.
我们等着詹姆斯到来。
Please allow me to introduce Mr. White to you.
请允许我给你们介绍Mr. White
本领最多不定式，主、表、宾、补、定和状。
样样成分都能行，只有谓语它不做。
有时它把句型改，
作主宾用“it”, 置后把身藏。
。
SUMMARY不定式语法功能口诀
A.有些动词后面的不定式不带to，如feel（一感）hear,listen to（二听）make, have, let（三让） see, watch, notice, observe（四看）.但在被动语态时to 要还原
I heard them sing a pop song .
The teacher made me answer the question.
We watched them play football .
七个感官三使役， 宾补要把to甩开
不定式的特殊用法
动词不定式的时态
1. I opened the door to enter the room.
2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.
㈠. 一般式( to do ).
不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。
㈡.进行式( to be doing)
1. I am very glad to be working with you.
2. He is said to be coming.
谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行。
动词不定式的时态
动词不定式的时态
㈢.完成式（to have done)
1. I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.
2. You seemed to have read the novel written by Mr. Smith.
谓语表示的动作发生在不定式之后。
动词不定式的语态
㈠.主动式( to do / to be doing /to have done)
We want to learn English well.
22.Robert is said____abroad, but I didn’t know what country he studied in.
to have studied B.to study
C. made D. to make
当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的执行者时.
动词不定式的语态
㈡.被动式( to be done / to have been done)
He didn’t like to be laughed at.
24. He claimed ____in the supper market when he was doing shopping yesterday.
being badly treated B.treating badly
C. to be treated badly D. to have been badly treated.
当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时.
2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷
To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出)...
【答案】 to bite
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。
2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷
Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket ...
【答案】to be lifted
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
2023年2月四省联考
One agency, ____37____(base) in Woodbridge, is expected ____38____(receive) $1. 5 million.
【答案】37.based
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一家机构，总部在Woodbridge，预计将获得150万美元。分析句子可知，“(base) in Woodbridge”作定语，base与One agency是被动关系，故用过去分词，故填based。
【答案】38.to receive
【解析】考查不定式。句意同上。be expected to do sth.“被预计……”，用不定式作主语补足语，故填to receive。
An agreement tomorrow will do good to every one of us.
A. to be signed B. being signed C. signed
The plan for the trip by our teacher next week is very important.
A. made B. to be made
C. being made
动词不定式的否定式只须在to 前加 not.
My father decided not to take up the job.
The teacher told us not to be late again.
In order ____, he hid himself in a cave.
A. not to find B. to be not found
C. not to be found D. to not find
The teacher told them_____ make so much noise.
A. don“t B. not
C. will not D. not to
不定式的疑问：
在动词不定式to 前加疑问词， 句法功能相当于to do
Mr.Lin will teach us how to use the computer.
Can you tell me where to get the book
There isn’t any difference between the two. I really don"t know_____
A.where to choose B. which to choose
C. to choose what D. to choose which"Have you decided when_____ “ "Yes, tomorrow morning."
A. to leave B. to be leaving
C. will you leave D. are you leaving
真题解析
(2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them.
【答案】to see
考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
真题:
(2020课标全国Ⅰ,66)Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.
【答案】to find
(2020课标全国Ⅱ,68)They are easy (care) for and make great presents.
【答案】to care
(2020课标全国Ⅲ,67)The next morning he hired a boat and set out (find) the well-known painter.
【答案】to find
真题解析
(2020天津,4) (help) us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.
【答案】To help
(2020课标全国Ⅲ,62)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take _______(get) there.
【答案】to get
真题
(2021届广东新高考适应性测试卷一, 39)To really appreciate and understand another language you need (understand) its culture and philosophy.
【答案】to understand
(2021广东北大附中深圳南山分校期中,64)All those climbers need (bring) a lot of gear (用具) and much of them ends up being left on the mountains becoming the world’s tallest rubbish dump.
【答案】to bring
非谓语动词之
不定式(to do)
by lily 塔三 2023
高中英语语法