2024届高三英语一轮复习非谓语动词2：不定式 解题要点及真题演练 课件(共25张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2024届高三英语一轮复习非谓语动词2：不定式 解题要点及真题演练 课件(共25张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-11-19 14:44:15 | ||
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(共25张PPT)
非谓语动词2：不定式(to do)
答题要点及真题演练
高中英语语法
做宾语补足语
I need somebody _________
我需要有人治愈
Somebody_________
有人倾诉
Somebody ___________
有人陪伴
Somebody________
有人相拥
It's easy _________
这知之非难
But it's never the same
却行之不易
to heal
to know
to have
to hold
to say
做定语
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
1.to do通常表示动作将来发生，有时也可以表示与谓语动作几乎同时发生。
e.g. He seems to know this.
I'm glad to see you.
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
2.不定式作后置定语(此时，不定式前的名词是逻辑主语)或补语时，若句子主语是不定式动作的执行者，则用主动形式表被动含义；若句子主语不是不定式动作的执行者，则用被动形式表被动含义。
I will have my refrigerator to be repaired later. (冰箱将会被别人修理，而不是我修)
Kevin has much homework to do. (Kevin要做作业，而不是别人做)
另：双宾语动词结构中，若间接宾语(通常为人)是不定式的执行者，则，修饰直接宾语，不定式用主动表被动。
如： Please give me a knife ______________ (cut) with.
to cut
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
3.若不定式与所修饰的名词成动宾关系，且不定式的实意动词在句中作为不及物动词使用，则需补充相应介词。如：
I need a pen to write with. (I will write with the pen 我需要一支钢笔写字)
I have a little baby to look after.(I must look after the little baby 我有一个婴儿要照看)
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
4.在作表语/补语的形容词后面，用来说明人或事物的特点、特性时，用不定式的主动形式表被动意思。
The room is comfortable to live in.
We found the survey easy to conduct.
He is easy to please.
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
5.不定式作结果状语与现在分词做结果状语的区别：
不定式作结果状语通常表示“出乎意料”的结果，而现在分词作结果状语，往往表示“自然而然”的结果。
European football is played in 80 countries,_______ it the most popular sport in the world.
A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
A
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
6.不定式符号to与介词to的辨别：
介词to后通常接名词，而不定式符号to后需接动词原形。如：
If you stick to the truth, you will have nothing to fear.
(此处第一个to为介词，第二个to为不定式符号)
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
7.“疑问句＋动词不定式”相当于名词短语，在句中可作主语、宾语或表语等，常可转换成一个由该疑问词引导的从句(与why连用时，通常只用于“why do sth.”或“why not do sth.”的结构。
如：Why spend such a lot of money
He told us what to do.
＝
He told us what we should do.
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
8.不定式的省略
两个或两个以上的动词不定式由连词and , 从第二个不定式起，往往省略不定式符号to。
She 'd like to take off her coat and 省 have a break.
The students are taught to read, 省write and 省do many other things.
若前后文使用的不定式一样，则后文中不定式可以省略实意动词。
The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him________.
A.not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not
A
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
9.主动语态变为被动语态时，宾语要变成主语；另外，对于主动语态中(作补语的，省略了to)的不定式，需将to还原。比如：
“see,watch,notice,observe,look at,make,have,let,listen to,hear,feel”等这些动词，后接不带to的不定式，改写成被动语态时，需将to还原。
The boss made the boys work for 12 hours a day.
The boys were asked to work for 12 hours a day (by the boss).
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
10. it常作形式主语，而把真正的主语，如不定式，动名词等放在句末。如：
It is necessary for the young to master a foreign language.
It is vere kind of you to help me carry the furniture.
It is no using/useless/no worth/no good/a waste of time(money) just waiting here for such a long time.
动名词
真题演练
(2021福建莆田二十五中期中,63)In the nineteenth century, a new type of travelers stepped onto the Silk Road: archaeologists and geographers, enthusiastic explorers who were eager (look) for adventure.
【答案】to look be + adj. +to do
10.(2021山东青岛期中,61) (mark) the 600th anniversary of the Forbidden City, the Palace Museum will hold a series of events throughout 2020.
【答案】To mark 目的状语
真题演练
1.(2022届山东省烟台市、德州市高三一模)In fact, much remains ____45____ (learn) about traditional Chinese painting and its elements. Through appreciating Chinese painting, you will have a better understanding of traditional Chinese culture and Chinese people.
【答案】to be learned/to be learnt考查非谓语动词。
句意：事实上，关于中国传统绘画及其元素，还有很多值得学习的地方。分析句子可知，remain是系动词，接不定式作表语，根据句意，主语much与谓语动词learn是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式，且learn的过去分词为learned或者learnt，故填to be learned/to be learnt
2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷
To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出)...
【答案】 to bite
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。
2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷
Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket ...
【答案】to be lifted
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
2023年2月四省联考
One agency, ____37____(base) in Woodbridge, is expected ____38____(receive) $1. 5 million.
【答案】37.based
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一家机构，总部在Woodbridge，预计将获得150万美元。分析句子可知，“(base) in Woodbridge”作定语，base与One agency是被动关系，故用过去分词，故填based。
【答案】38.to receive
【解析】考查不定式。句意同上。be expected to do sth.“被预计……”，用不定式作主语补足语，故填to receive。
真题演练：
(2021上海市北中学期中,29)It would be good (explain) to the students what skills they can get through courses or assignments at different stages.
【答案】to explain be adj.+ to do
(2021届广东汕头四校联考,42)Following the COVID-19 outbreak, the Chinese government encouraged the country (contain) the disease in Wuhan, Hubei Province, after the city was locked down in late January.
【答案】to contain encourage sb. to do
真题解析
(2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them.
【答案】to see
考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
真题
(2021届辽宁高三新高考11月联合调研,41)Although I had money and a place (sleep), but I recognized that I needed help too.
【答案】to sleep
作定语， 修饰名词place
6.(2021届湖南长沙雅礼中学高三月考,59)The probe itself is as big as a car and needs the help of a powerful rocket (escape) Earth’s orbit, change direction and reach the sun.
【答案】to escape
作定语修饰rocket
真题:
(2020课标全国Ⅰ,66)Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.
【答案】to find
(2020课标全国Ⅱ,68)They are easy (care) for and make great presents.
【答案】to care
(2020课标全国Ⅲ,67)The next morning he hired a boat and set out (find) the well-known painter.
【答案】to find
真题
(2020天津,4) (help) us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.
【答案】To help
(2020课标全国Ⅲ,62)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take _______(get) there.
【答案】to get
真题
(2021届广东新高考适应性测试卷一, 39)To really appreciate and understand another language you need (understand) its culture and philosophy.
【答案】to understand
(2021广东北大附中深圳南山分校期中,64)All those climbers need (bring) a lot of gear (用具) and much of them ends up being left on the mountains becoming the world’s tallest rubbish dump.
【答案】to bring
非谓语动词2：
不定式(to do)
by lily 塔三 2023
高中英语语法
非谓语动词2：不定式(to do)
答题要点及真题演练
高中英语语法
做宾语补足语
I need somebody _________
我需要有人治愈
Somebody_________
有人倾诉
Somebody ___________
有人陪伴
Somebody________
有人相拥
It's easy _________
这知之非难
But it's never the same
却行之不易
to heal
to know
to have
to hold
to say
做定语
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
1.to do通常表示动作将来发生，有时也可以表示与谓语动作几乎同时发生。
e.g. He seems to know this.
I'm glad to see you.
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
2.不定式作后置定语(此时，不定式前的名词是逻辑主语)或补语时，若句子主语是不定式动作的执行者，则用主动形式表被动含义；若句子主语不是不定式动作的执行者，则用被动形式表被动含义。
I will have my refrigerator to be repaired later. (冰箱将会被别人修理，而不是我修)
Kevin has much homework to do. (Kevin要做作业，而不是别人做)
另：双宾语动词结构中，若间接宾语(通常为人)是不定式的执行者，则，修饰直接宾语，不定式用主动表被动。
如： Please give me a knife ______________ (cut) with.
to cut
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
3.若不定式与所修饰的名词成动宾关系，且不定式的实意动词在句中作为不及物动词使用，则需补充相应介词。如：
I need a pen to write with. (I will write with the pen 我需要一支钢笔写字)
I have a little baby to look after.(I must look after the little baby 我有一个婴儿要照看)
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
4.在作表语/补语的形容词后面，用来说明人或事物的特点、特性时，用不定式的主动形式表被动意思。
The room is comfortable to live in.
We found the survey easy to conduct.
He is easy to please.
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
5.不定式作结果状语与现在分词做结果状语的区别：
不定式作结果状语通常表示“出乎意料”的结果，而现在分词作结果状语，往往表示“自然而然”的结果。
European football is played in 80 countries,_______ it the most popular sport in the world.
A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
A
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
6.不定式符号to与介词to的辨别：
介词to后通常接名词，而不定式符号to后需接动词原形。如：
If you stick to the truth, you will have nothing to fear.
(此处第一个to为介词，第二个to为不定式符号)
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
7.“疑问句＋动词不定式”相当于名词短语，在句中可作主语、宾语或表语等，常可转换成一个由该疑问词引导的从句(与why连用时，通常只用于“why do sth.”或“why not do sth.”的结构。
如：Why spend such a lot of money
He told us what to do.
＝
He told us what we should do.
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
8.不定式的省略
两个或两个以上的动词不定式由连词and , 从第二个不定式起，往往省略不定式符号to。
She 'd like to take off her coat and 省 have a break.
The students are taught to read, 省write and 省do many other things.
若前后文使用的不定式一样，则后文中不定式可以省略实意动词。
The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him________.
A.not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not
A
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
9.主动语态变为被动语态时，宾语要变成主语；另外，对于主动语态中(作补语的，省略了to)的不定式，需将to还原。比如：
“see,watch,notice,observe,look at,make,have,let,listen to,hear,feel”等这些动词，后接不带to的不定式，改写成被动语态时，需将to还原。
The boss made the boys work for 12 hours a day.
The boys were asked to work for 12 hours a day (by the boss).
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
10. it常作形式主语，而把真正的主语，如不定式，动名词等放在句末。如：
It is necessary for the young to master a foreign language.
It is vere kind of you to help me carry the furniture.
It is no using/useless/no worth/no good/a waste of time(money) just waiting here for such a long time.
动名词
真题演练
(2021福建莆田二十五中期中,63)In the nineteenth century, a new type of travelers stepped onto the Silk Road: archaeologists and geographers, enthusiastic explorers who were eager (look) for adventure.
【答案】to look be + adj. +to do
10.(2021山东青岛期中,61) (mark) the 600th anniversary of the Forbidden City, the Palace Museum will hold a series of events throughout 2020.
【答案】To mark 目的状语
真题演练
1.(2022届山东省烟台市、德州市高三一模)In fact, much remains ____45____ (learn) about traditional Chinese painting and its elements. Through appreciating Chinese painting, you will have a better understanding of traditional Chinese culture and Chinese people.
【答案】to be learned/to be learnt考查非谓语动词。
句意：事实上，关于中国传统绘画及其元素，还有很多值得学习的地方。分析句子可知，remain是系动词，接不定式作表语，根据句意，主语much与谓语动词learn是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式，且learn的过去分词为learned或者learnt，故填to be learned/to be learnt
2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷
To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出)...
【答案】 to bite
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。
2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷
Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket ...
【答案】to be lifted
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
2023年2月四省联考
One agency, ____37____(base) in Woodbridge, is expected ____38____(receive) $1. 5 million.
【答案】37.based
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一家机构，总部在Woodbridge，预计将获得150万美元。分析句子可知，“(base) in Woodbridge”作定语，base与One agency是被动关系，故用过去分词，故填based。
【答案】38.to receive
【解析】考查不定式。句意同上。be expected to do sth.“被预计……”，用不定式作主语补足语，故填to receive。
真题演练：
(2021上海市北中学期中,29)It would be good (explain) to the students what skills they can get through courses or assignments at different stages.
【答案】to explain be adj.+ to do
(2021届广东汕头四校联考,42)Following the COVID-19 outbreak, the Chinese government encouraged the country (contain) the disease in Wuhan, Hubei Province, after the city was locked down in late January.
【答案】to contain encourage sb. to do
真题解析
(2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them.
【答案】to see
考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
真题
(2021届辽宁高三新高考11月联合调研,41)Although I had money and a place (sleep), but I recognized that I needed help too.
【答案】to sleep
作定语， 修饰名词place
6.(2021届湖南长沙雅礼中学高三月考,59)The probe itself is as big as a car and needs the help of a powerful rocket (escape) Earth’s orbit, change direction and reach the sun.
【答案】to escape
作定语修饰rocket
真题:
(2020课标全国Ⅰ,66)Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.
【答案】to find
(2020课标全国Ⅱ,68)They are easy (care) for and make great presents.
【答案】to care
(2020课标全国Ⅲ,67)The next morning he hired a boat and set out (find) the well-known painter.
【答案】to find
真题
(2020天津,4) (help) us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.
【答案】To help
(2020课标全国Ⅲ,62)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take _______(get) there.
【答案】to get
真题
(2021届广东新高考适应性测试卷一, 39)To really appreciate and understand another language you need (understand) its culture and philosophy.
【答案】to understand
(2021广东北大附中深圳南山分校期中,64)All those climbers need (bring) a lot of gear (用具) and much of them ends up being left on the mountains becoming the world’s tallest rubbish dump.
【答案】to bring
非谓语动词2：
不定式(to do)
by lily 塔三 2023
高中英语语法