人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists Reading and thinking 语言点课件(共14张PPT)

(共14张PPT)
Science and scientists
Tu Youyou
Yuan Longping
John Snow
malaria
shortage of food
cholera
John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”
According to the titile
John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”
Can you guess what will be talked about
in the text？
some information about John Snow, the damage caused by cholera, the cause of it,the process of defeating the cholera, the difficulties, the achievement
Analyse this text
Cholera used to be one of the most feared _______(disease) in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could ___________(overcome). This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died _______the disease.
知识点：
1. one of the +adj最高级+n复数
2. overcome--overcame--overcome
3. die v. 死亡--death n.死亡---dead adj.去世的/dying adj.垂死的----deadly adj.致命的
4.cause sb to do sth 致使某人做某事
diseases
be overcome
from
As a young doctor, John Snow became________(frustrate) because no one knew how ________(prevent) or treat cholera. In time, he _____(rise) to become a famous doctor, and even attended _____Queen Victoria when she gave birth. However, he never lost his desire___________( destroy) cholera once and for all.
1. be frustrated at: 对...感到沮丧
2. frustrating news 令人沮丧的消息
3. frustration education 挫折教育
4. rise--rose--risen 5. attend to sb 照顾/照料某人
6. in time 及时，逐渐地，最终
frustrated
rose
to
to destroy
to prevent
_____general, doctors in those days had two ____________(contradict) theories to explain how cholera spread. One theory was that bad air ________(cause) the disease. Another was that cholera _________(cause) by an ________(infect)from germs in food or water. Snow subscribed _______the second theory.
1. in general 总的来说
2.infect v.感染---infection n.----infectious adj.传染性的---infected adj.受感染的
3.subscribe to 同意，赞同----subscription n.订购，订阅
In
contradictory
caused
infection
was caused
to
It was correct, _____ he still needed proof. ___________(consequent), when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began ________(investigate). He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people______( die) in ten days. He was determined _______(find) out why.
1. prove v.---proof n. 2. begin--began--begun
3. as a consequence=consequently 因此，结果
as a consequence of 由于，因为
4.be determined to do sth 决心做某事
determine v.----determination n.决心---determined adj.坚定的，有决心的
died
Consequently
to investigate
but
to find
1. death n. 做死亡数或者死亡人口来讲，是可数的
Snow began by _______(mark)on a map the exact places ______all those who died had lived. There were multiple _______(death) near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16, 37, 38, and 40). However, some households (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths.
marking
where
deaths
1. drink--drank--drunk 2. suspect sb of doing sth 怀疑某人做某事 suspicion n.怀疑 suspicious adj. 感觉可疑的 be ~of 对...表示怀疑
These people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer, and so had not drunk the water from the pump. Snow _________(suspect) that the water pump was __________(blame).What is more, in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died _____cholera after ______(move) away from Broad Street. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it ____________(deliver) to her house every day.
of
to blame
suspected
moving
delivered
3. blame v./n. 责备，指责
blame sb for doing sth 因做某事指责某人
blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame for sth 因....应受责备
4. die of +内因 die of cancer
die from +外因 die from an accident
5. seem to do sth 似乎做某事
1. as a result of 由于，因为
2. announce v.宣布，宣告-----announcement n.公告，布告
3.so that 以便，为了（目的状语），因此，结果是（结果状语）
As a result of this evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water _______(carry)cholera germs. ____________(according), he had the handle of the pump _________(remove) so that it could not _________(use). Through this _________(intervene), the disease was stopped in its tracks.
carried
Accordingly
removed
be used
intervention
The _______(true)was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera _____the different water companies in London. Some companies sold water from the River Thames that ______________(pollute)by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely ______(get) cholera _______those who drank pure or ________(boil)water.
truth
1. true adj.----truth n.----truly adv.
2. link v/n.: link A to B 把A与B连接起来
3.raw waste 未经处理的垃圾
4.boiled adj.煮沸的 boiling adj. 沸腾的
and
was polluted
to get
than
boiled
Through Snow’s ________(tire)efforts, water companies began to sell clean water and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. _________, cholera is still a problem. Each year, millions of people around the world get cholera and many die from it. _________(fortune), we now know how _________(prevent) cholera, thanks _______the work of John Snow. Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. For this reason, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.
1. tireless adj.不知疲倦的 tireless effort 不懈的努力
2.decrease to 减少到 decrease by 减少了
on the decrease 在减少 3. transformation n.转变，变化
tireless
However
Fortunately
to prevent
to