课件4张PPT。First aidUnit 5It is important for you to learn some knowledge about first aid in your daily life. If a person has an accident, he needs medical care before a doctor can be found. When you give first aid, you must pay attention to three things. First，when a person stops breathing, open his/her mouth and see if there is food at the bulk of his/her mouth. Second, if a person cannot breathe, do your best to start his/her breathing at once, using a mouth-to-mouth way. Third, if a person is hurt badly, try at once to stop the bleeding. Then take him/her to a doctor. If a person loses one third of his/her blood, he/she may die.Question：
What's your opinion about first aid?
答案：The answer may vary.课件127张PPT。First aidUnit 5Section Ⅰ Warming up, Pre-reading, Reading &ComprehendingUnit 5Ⅰ.下面是本部分的重点词汇，你能准确填出内容吗？
1．根据词性及汉语写出单词及其拓展形式
(1)injury (n.)损伤；伤害→______ (vt.)受伤→________ (adj.)受伤的
(2)bleed (vi. & vi.)流血→________ (n.)血
(3)________ (n.)毒药；毒害 (vt.)毒害；使中毒
→poisonous (adj.)有毒的
(4)variety (n.)变化；多样(化)；多变(性)→________ (adj.)各种各样的injure injuredbloodpoisonvarious (5)liquid (n.)液体→________ (n.)固体
(6)________ (n.)辐射；射线→radiate (vi. & vt.)辐射
(7)mild (adj.)轻微的；温和的；温柔的→________ (adv.)轻微地；温和地
(8)________ (vi. & vt.)(使)膨胀；隆起→swollen (adj.)肿胀的
(9)unbearable (adj.)难以忍受的；不能容忍的→________ (adj.)可容忍的→________ (vi. & vt.)忍受solid radiationmildlyswellbearablebear2．短语互译
(1)first aid ________________
(2)生病 ________________
(3)get injured ________________
(4)各种各样的 ________________
(5)electric shock ________________
(6)榨出；挤出 ________________
(7)反复；多次 ________________
(8)in place ____________________(对伤患者的)急救
fall ill
受伤
a variety of
触电;电休克
squeeze out
over and over again
在适当的位置；适当Ⅱ.重点句式
1．So________you imagine，if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.
因此，你可以想像到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了，就可能非常严重。
2．Remove clothing using scissors if necessary________it is stuck to the burn.
除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。
答案：1.as 2.unlessⅢ.阅读课文FIRST AID FOR BURNS，回答下列问题。
1．What's your body's largest organ?
A．The head. B．The skin.
C．The legs. D．The arms.
2．How many types of burns are there altogether?
A．One. B．Two.
C．Three. D．Four.
3．Burns caused by hot liquids are usually thought to be ________.
A．first degree burns B．second degree burns
C．third degree burns D．the most severe burns4．What are characteristics of first degree burns?
A．Black and white and charred.
B．Rough, red and swollen.
C．Rough, red and dry.
D．Dry, red and mildly swollen.
5．When someone is burned, what should be done first?
A．Remove clothing.
B．Dry the burned area gently.
C．Cool burns immediately.
D．Get the victim to the doctor or hospital.
答案：1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.A1.aid
1)n.
(1)[U]帮助，援助
One of the station staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid.
一位车站工作人员见他有困难，便过来帮忙。
(2)[U]援助；救援物资；救援款项
How much overseas/foreign aid does Britain give?
英国在援外方面作出多少贡献？
(3)[U](完成某工作所需的)帮助、助手、辅助物
He was breathing only with the aid of a ventilator.
他只有靠呼吸机才能呼吸。
(4)[C]辅助设备
Photographs make useful teaching aids.
照片是有用的教具。
2)v.～(sb./sth.)(in sth./in doing sth.)|～sb.(with sth.)帮助，援助
①They are determined to aid him in his scientific research.
他们决心对于他的科学研究给予援助。
②They aided me in solving the problem.
他们帮助我解决这个问题。
③Aided by heat and strong winds, the fire quickly spread.
借助于高温和大风，火势迅速蔓延。with the aid of sb.＝with sb.'s aid在某人的帮助下
in aid of为了帮助……
come to one's aid来援助某人
do/give/offer/perform/carry out first aid进行急救
call in one's aid请某人帮忙
aid sb. in doing sth.帮助某人做某事
aid sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事
aid sb. with sth.帮助某人某事知识拓展
活学活用
(1)翻译句子
老师借助电脑上课。(aid)
________________________________________________
答案：Teachers often give their lessons with the aid of computers.
(2)用恰当介词填空
________the aid of Mr Liu，I made great progress in speaking English.
答案：With 句意：在刘老师的帮助下，我在英语口语方面取得了很大的进步。aid表示“帮助，援助”之意，with the aid of...表示“在……的帮助下”。
2．temporary adj. 短暂的，临时的，暂时的
①A lot of work now is temporary or part-time.
现在有很多工作都是临时的或兼职的。
②The accident caused a temporary disability.
事故造成了暂时的残疾。
③The council have placed us in temporary accommodations.
委员会给我们安排了临时的住处。temporariness n. 暂时性，临时性
temporarily adv. 暂时地，临时地
permanent adj.永久的[反]知识拓展活学活用
用恰当词语填空
(1)(2013·浙江，2)Mary worked here as a ________(临时的)secretary and ended up getting a full-time job with the company.
答案：temporary 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：玛丽在这儿当临时秘书，结果是在这家公司得到了一份全职的工作。temporary“临时的，暂时的”，符合句意。
(2)This is a(n) ________ arrangement, not a permanent one.
答案：temporary permanent“永久的”；temporary和permanent意思相反，根据not a permanent one可判断应填temporary。3．injury n.
(1)[U & C]～(to sb./sth.)(对躯体的)伤害，损伤
①The injury to their key player could be a decisive factor in the game.
他们主力队员受伤可能是这场比赛胜负的决定性因素。
②In the crash he suffered severe injuries to the head and arms.
在事故中他头部和双臂受了重伤。
③There were no injuries (＝no people injured) in the crash.
在这次撞车事故中无人受伤。
(2)[U] (对感情等)伤害、挫伤
①Damages may be awarded for emotional injury.
可能会判处精神伤害赔偿。
②Most people protect themselves from injury to their self-esteem.
大多数人保护自己使自尊心不受伤害。
知识拓展
(1)add insult to injury 既伤害又侮辱；把关系弄得更糟；雪上加霜
Adding insult to injury, she threw my gift into the trash.
更糟的是，她把我的礼物丢进了垃圾筒。
(2)do sb./oneself an injury 使(某人/自己)受(身体的)伤害
If you try and lift that suitcase you'll do yourself an injury!
如果你要提起那只箱子，你会受伤的！
比较网站
injury，wound，hurt，damage，harm
活学活用
运用恰当词语填空
(1)The teacher's words did an injury ________ the little boy.
答案：to do an injury to为固定短语，意为“对……造成伤害”。句意：老师的话伤害了那个小男孩。
(2)The bullet ________(hurt/wound)the soldier in the head.
答案：wounded 句意为“子弹击伤了这个战士的头部”。指战斗中受伤通常用wound。
(3)Eating a lot and exercising little ________ harm to your health.
答案：do 句意为“吃得多而锻炼少对你的健康有害”。do harm to“对……造成伤害”。
4．bleed v.
(1)流血，失血
Your arm is bleeding; put a bandage on it.
你的手臂在流血，用绷带包扎一下。
(2)给(某人)放血
Doctors used to bleed people when they were ill.
医生过去常常为生病的人放血。
(3)～sb.(for sth.)长期榨取(某人的钱)
The blackmailers bled him for every penny he had.
勒索者把他的钱榨得一干二净。
(4)(为国家、信仰等)流血，牺牲(＋for)
They bled for their country.
他们为国流血/牺牲。
知识拓展
(1)blood n．血，血液；血统，血缘；血气，性情
常见短语：
blood bank血库
blood relation血亲
blood type血型
blood test验血
(2)bloody adj.出血的；血染的；伤亡惨重的
活学活用
(1)翻译句子
Blood is thicker than water.
________________________________________________
答案：血浓于水。
(2)用恰当形式填空
When I look back at the past and think how much time has been wasted in vain, my heart ________(blood)．
答案：bleeds 句意：当我回顾过去时，想到自己白白浪费了许多光阴，心里痛苦极了。
5．choke v.
(1)～(on sth.)窒息，哽噎
The child was almost choked by the heavy smoke.
这孩子几乎被浓烟熏得窒息了。
(2)(掐住喉咙)使停止呼吸，使窒息
An old woman was found choked to death.
发现一个老妇人被掐死了。
(3)(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来，使哽咽
She choked with emotion.
她激动得说不出话来。
(4)～sth.(up)(with sth.)阻塞，塞满(通道或空间等)
The drains are choked(up)with dead leaves.
下水道被枯叶堵住了。(1)choke back 强忍住，抑制，克制
(2)choke off打断，停止，终止
(3)choke out(因感情激动而)哽咽着说，哽咽地说出某事
(4)choke up (因感情激动而)哽咽知识拓展①She choked back a sharp reply.
她把到了嘴边的一句尖刻的答话咽了下去。
②The dry spell choked off the supply of water in that area.
干旱使那地区断了水。
③“I hate you！”she chocked out.
“我恨你！”她哽咽着说道。
④She chocked up when she began to talk about her mother.
她开始谈起母亲时，哽咽着说不出话来。
活学活用
完成句子
(1)她不喜欢那些食物，但还是勉强吞咽了下去。
She did not like the food but she managed to ______ ________ ________.
答案：choke it down 注意choke down中down为副词，故it需置于动词与副词之间。
(2)水流进他的喉咙，他呼吸开始困难。
Water went down his throat and he__________ __________ __________.
答案：began to choke6．essential adj.
(1)最重要的，不可缺少的
①Hard work is essential to success.
要想成功必须努力工作。
②It is essential that you (should) win the voters' hearts.
赢得选民的心是绝对必要的。
(2)本质的，根本的(通常置于名词之前)
There is no essential difference between the two drafts.
两份草稿没有本质上的不同。(1)be essential for/to...对……来说是必要的
(2)It is essential (that)．..做某事是绝对必要的
(3)It is essential (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)做某事是绝对必要的知识拓展
活学活用
完成句子
食物是维持生命不可缺少的。
Food is ________ ________ life.
答案：essential to
7．poison
1) n.
(1)[C & U]毒药，毒物，毒素
He tried to kill himself by taking poison.
他曾试图服毒自杀。
(2)极有害的思想(或心情等)，精神毒药
Some people say that selfishness is a poison in our society.
一些人说自私是我们社会的一害。
2) v.
(1)～sb.(with sth.)毒死，毒害
Someone tried to poison our dog.
有人想毒杀我们的狗。
(2)下毒，在……中放毒
He feared that someone had poisoned his food.
他害怕有人在他的食物中下了毒。
(3)毒化，败坏，使恶化
Envy of his friend's success poisoned his mind.
嫉妒朋友的成功使他产生了邪念。poisoner n．投毒杀人者，毒死别人的人
poisonous adj.有毒的；恶毒的，恶的；极端讨厌的
hate sb. like poison对某人恨之入骨
poison one's mind against说坏话使某人认为……不好知识拓展
活学活用
用恰当形式填空
When the boy was nine years old，his father________ (poison)by enemies.
答案：was poisoned 句意：在小男孩九岁时，父亲被敌人毒害了。poison是及物动词，表示“毒害”之意，此处用一般过去时的被动语态形式was poisoned。
8．variety n.
(1)[C](同一事物的)不同种类，各种式样
①There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.
有种类繁多的图案可供选择。
②Hospitals deal with disease of every variety.
医院诊治各种各样的疾病。
(2)[U]变化；多样化；多变性
We all need variety in our diet.
我们都需要饮食多样化。vary v．变化；改变
vary in在……方面不同
vary from... to.../vary between... and...从……到……不等
various adj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的
variously adv.以各种方式，不同地
a (great/wide) variety of多种多样的
varieties of＝kinds of＝sorts of多种多样的知识拓展①I have a variety of/varieties of books at home.
我家有各种各样的书。
②The quality of the students' work varies considerably.
学生作业的质量甚是参差不齐。
③Prices vary according to the type of room you require.
价格随所要求的户型而有所变化。
④This city is known for its various bridges.
这个城市因为各种桥梁而著称。
活学活用
用适当的介词填空
(1)Prices vary ________ five yuan ________ ten yuan.
(2)The flowers varied ________ colour and size.
答案：(1)from；to (2)in9．mild adj.
(1)温和的，和善的，不严厉的
Use a soap that is mild on the skin.
使用刺激性不强的肥皂。
(2)(天气)温和的，和煦的
The weather is mild today；it is neither hot nor cold.
今天天气很温暖，不冷也不热。
(3)(情感)温和的，不强烈的，轻微的
He gave a mild answer, in spite of his annoyance.
他尽管已恼火，但回答得还是很和蔼。
(4)和善的，随和的
He's the mildest man you could wish to meet.
他是最温和的人了。
(5)不浓的，淡味的
I like this brand of wine because it's very mild.
我喜欢喝这个牌子的酒，因为它的味很淡。
活学活用
补全句子
史密斯先生是这样一位性情温和的人，他从来不发脾气。
Mr. Smith is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________he never loses his temper.
答案：such a mild person that或so mild a person that10．tissue n.
(1)[U & C] (人，动植物的)组织
Human tissue is made up of cells.
人体的组织是由细胞构成的。
(2)[C] (尤指用作手帕的)纸巾，手巾纸
She wiped off the sweat from her face with a piece of facial tissue.
她用一张面巾纸擦掉脸上的汗水。
(3)[U] (tissue paper)(用于包装易碎物品的)薄纸，绵纸
The Christmas presents were wrapped (up) in tissue paper.
圣诞礼物都用薄纸裹起来了。
活学活用
翻译句子
我买了一盒纸巾。
________________________________________________
答案：I bought a box of tissues.
11．electric
1) adj.
(1)电的；发电的；用电的，电动的
①This heavy freighter is driven by two electric motors.
这辆重型运输汽车是由两台电动机驱动的。
②He bought an electric hair-drier for Mary.
他给玛丽买了一个电吹风。
(2)充满刺激的，令人激动的
①The news had an electric effect.
这消息顿时使群情激昂。
②The president's speech had an electric effect on the crowd, and the students all cheered him.
校长的演说震撼人心，学生们都向他欢呼。
2)n. [U]供电
①The electric will be off tomorrow.
明天将会停电。
②I haven't paid the electric yet.
我还未付电费。electric shock 触电，电休克，电震，电击知识拓展
活学活用
完成句子
(1)我认为是电力出了故障。
I think there is an ________ fault.
(2)我被这根电线电击了一下。
I got an ________ ________ from the wire.
答案：(1)electrical (2)electric shock
12．swell
1) v.
(1)～(up)膨胀，肿胀
His injured wrist began to swell (up)．
他受伤的手腕开始肿起来。
(2)～(sth.)(out)(使)凸出，鼓出
The wind swelled(out)the sails.
风把船帆刮得鼓起来了。
(3)～(sth.)(to sth.)(使)增加，增大，扩大
The membership swelled to 200.
会员增加到了两百名。
(4)变得更响亮；增强
The murmur swelled into a roar.
窃窃私语的声音变大形成一片喧哗。
(5)～(with sth.)充满(激情)
His heart swelled with anger.
＝Anger swelled in him/his heart.
愤怒在他的心中涌起/他心中燃起怒火。
2) n.
(1)[C, usually sing.]海浪的涌动，涌浪
The boat was caught in a heavy/strong swell.
船遇上了大浪涌。
(2)[sing.]增加，增大；扩大，增强
There was a swell in the city's population.
该市出现过人口膨胀。swelling n．膨胀，肿胀；浮肿处
swollen adj.肿胀的；上涨的
swell up肿胀
swell (sth.) out(使……)突出
swell sth. to使……扩大/增加到……
swell with pride/joy满腔自豪/喜悦知识拓展提示：swell的过去式、过去分词分别为swelled，swollen。
活学活用
完成句子
他看到女儿领奖时心中充满了自豪感。
His heart________ ________ ________as he watched his daughter collect her prize.
答案：swelled with pride13．squeeze
1) v.
(1)挤压；捏
He squeezed on the tube until some toothpaste came out.
他挤牙膏管直到挤出一些牙膏。
(2)～sth.(out of/from sth.)|～sth.(out)(从某物中)榨出，挤出，拧出
I squeezed an orange and drank the juice.
我把橘子挤出汁喝了。
(3)～(sb./sth.)into, through, etc. sth.|～through, in, past, etc. (使)挤入，挤过，塞入
We squeezed into the crowded room.
我们挤进拥挤的房子里。
(4)～sb.(for sth.)向……勒索(或榨取)，逼迫……给
That guy is capable of squeezing money out of his old mother.
那家伙做得出勒索他老母亲钱财的事来。
(5)给……造成财务困难，使财政受限制
Climbing cost of cotton squeezes mill profits.
上涨的棉花价格减少了纺织厂的利润。图解助记
2) n.
(1)[C, usually sing.] 挤压，捏
He gave my arm a squeeze.
他捏了一下我的胳膊。
(2)[sing.]挤，塞
It's a tight squeeze to get five people in that small car.
五个人坐在那个小车里真是太挤了。
(3)[C]榨出的液体，少量挤出的汁
She put a squeeze of lemon in her drink.
她在饮料中放了一点柠檬汁。
(4)[C, usually sing.](可获得的钱，工作岗位等的)减少，削减，拮据，经济困难
She's just lost her job, so they're really feeling the squeeze.
她刚失了业，这下他们真正感到艰难了。squeeze... out of/from...把……从……中榨出来
squeeze money out of/from sb.勒索某人的钱财
squeeze into挤进……
squeeze through挤过，勉强通过知识拓展活学活用
(1)翻译句子
The government is putting the squeeze on business profits.
________________________________________________
答案：政府正在对商业利润采取严格控制。
(2)用恰当词语填空
He took off his wet clothes and squeezed the water ________.
答案：out 句意：他脱下湿衣服，拧出了水。squeeze表示“挤出；拧干”之意，squeeze the water out表示“拧出水”，符合语境。
14．vital adj.
(1)极其重要的，必不可少的(常与to/for连用)
①Such measures are vital to national security.
这些措施对国家安全是必不可少的。
②Regular exercise is vital for your health.
经常锻炼对健康非常重要。
③It is vital that you keep accurate records.
保持准确的记录非常重要。
(2)有生命的，充满活力的
①He is a strong and vital man.
他是一个身强体壮、朝气蓬勃的男子。
②The drawings were crude but wonderfully vital.
这些图画虽然粗糙，但充满活力。
(3)(仅用于名词前)维持生命所必需的
the body's vital processes 基本的生命活力vitally adv. 极大地，极必要地
vitality n. 生命力，生气；活力知识拓展
①It's vitally important that you all attend the meeting.
你们都要参加会议，这极为重要。
②Despite his eighty years Tom was full of vitality.
尽管已经80岁了，汤姆仍然精力旺盛。
提示：在It is vital that...句型中，that从句的谓语常用虚拟语气，即“(should＋)动词原形”。
Consideration for other people is vital to all of us.
对我们所有人而言体谅别人是极其重要的。
活学活用
(1)补全句子
兴趣对学习与理解能力对学习一样重要，甚至更重要。
Interest is as ________ ________ ________ ________ the ability to understand, even more so.
答案：vital to learning as
(2)If you are going hiking in the mountains, a pair of strong boots is ________(至关重要的)．
答案：vital15．pour v.
(1)使(液体)流出，倾倒
①Although I poured it carefully, I still managed to spill some.
尽管我倒这东西时很小心，但还是洒了一些。
②He poured some water into a glass.
他往一只玻璃杯里倒了些水。
(2)倒，斟(饮料)
①I've poured you a cup of coffee.
我给你倒了杯咖啡。
②I was in the kitchen, pouring out drinks.
我在厨房里倒饮料。(3)(液体、烟、光等)倾泻，喷发
①Tears poured down his cheeks.
眼泪顺着他的面颊簌簌地落下。
②Thick black smoke was pouring out of the roof.
黑色浓烟从屋顶滚滚冒出。
(4)涌进(出)，多强调比喻含意
The men poured into the hall for the meeting.
男人们涌进大厅开会。
(5)(雨)倾盆而下
The rain poured down endlessly.
倾盆大雨下个不停。pour into涌入
pour out倾诉；倾吐知识拓展
活学活用
补全句子
当我们单独在一起的时候，她向我诉说了她婚姻破裂的情况。
When we were alone，she________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________about her broken marriage.
答案：poured out her heart to me
16．damp
(1)adj. 潮湿的，微湿的，湿气重的
①Don't sleep between damp sheets.
睡觉时不要用潮湿的被褥。
②The cottage was cold and damp.
这间小屋又冷又湿。(2)n. [U]潮湿，湿气，湿块儿
①Air the clothes to get the damp out.
晾晾衣服以驱潮气。
②Don't stay outside in the damp.
外面潮湿，不要待在外面。
(3)v. 弄湿，使潮湿；抑制，减弱(感情等)
①She damped a towel and wrapped it round his leg.
她弄湿手巾，把它裹在他的腿上。
②Nothing could damp his spirits.
任何事都不能败他的兴。(1)a damp squib 令人失望的事；令人扫兴的事
(2)damp down sth. 抑制、控制(情绪、感情等)知识拓展
活学活用
完成句子
雨季的时候恐怕什么东西都会变潮湿的。
In the rainy season I'm afraid everything________
________.
答案：gets damp
17．symptom n．症状，征兆
①First the doctor asked me to describe my symptoms.
首先，医生要我描述我的症状。
②Bad behavior is often a symptom of unhappiness.
不良的行为通常是苦闷的表现。
③It is said that cancer doesn't show a symptom in its early stage.
据说癌症在初期看不出症状。
活学活用
完成句子
医生研究病人的症状后作出诊断。
The doctor made his diagnosis after studying ________ ________ ________.
答案：the patient's symptoms1.fall ill 生病
①She has to stay home because her son falls ill.
因为儿子生病所以她得待在家里。
②He had the misfortune to fall ill on the day of the examination.
他很倒霉，在考试当天生病了。fall silent沉默下来
fall asleep睡着；入睡
fall in with同意，赞成
fall for信以为真
fall through落空，失败
fall back on求助于，转而依靠
fall off数量减少；质量下降
fall out解散；争吵，闹翻；脱落
fall to (doing)开始(做某事)；(职责等)落在……身上知识拓展
比较网站
fall ill, be ill
两者都含有“生病”之意。
(1)fall ill瞬间性动词短语，在肯定句中不能与表示“时间段”的状语连用。如表示“因……而病倒；患……疾病”，常和介词with搭配。
She fell ill with fever.
她发高烧病倒了。
(2)be ill“患病”，延续性动词词组，可以和表示“时间段”的状语连用。
His mother has been ill for a month.
他妈妈已经病了一个月了。
注意：“fall＋adj.”这一结构强调的是从一种状态进入到另一状态的变化情况，一般没有动作延续这种情况，也不用于被动结构。
活学活用
(1)翻译句子
因为这个坏消息他病倒了。
________________________________________________
答案：He fell ill because of the bad news.
(2)用恰当形式填空
Because of bad weather, my mother ________ and lay in bed. She ________ for a week.(ill)
答案：fell ill; has been ill 句意：因为天气很糟糕，所以我妈妈病倒了，卧床不起。她已经病了一周了。fall ill意为“生病”，是非延续性动词短语，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用；be ill表示状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用，故第二个空用完成时态。
2．stick to 粘贴在……上；坚持
①Cover the burned area with a dry, clean bandage that will not stick to the skin.
用干燥、清洁又不沾皮肤的绷带缠住烧伤面。
②If you stick to the truth, you have nothing to fear.
坚持真理，你就无所畏惧。stick out 伸出，突出；醒目
stick by 忠于，维护
stick with 缠住，萦绕
stick up 竖起，直立
be stuck in 被困在……里面知识拓展比较网站
insist on, stick to
活学活用
补全句子
他答应过帮助我们，他没有失信。
He promised to help us and________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：he stuck to his word3．take off
(1)脱掉(衣服)，摘掉
Take off your clothes; they're very wet.
脱掉你的衣服，衣服湿透了。
(2)休假，休息
I've decided to take a few days off next week.
我决定下星期休息几天。
(3)取消，停演
The show was taken off because of a poor audience figure.
该剧目因不卖座而停演了。(4)(飞机)起飞
The nursery teacher often leads her children to watch planes take off or land.
幼儿园教师经常带领孩子们去看飞机起飞或降落。
(5)匆匆离去，匆忙离开
When he saw me coming he took off in the opposite direction.
他见我走过来便赶快转身走了。
(6)突然大受欢迎，迅速流行
Her singing career took off after her TV appearance.
她在电视上亮相后歌唱事业便迅速走红。take apart拆开
take back 收回
take in 理解；上当
take on 呈现
take over 接管
take to 喜欢上
take up 占用知识拓展活学活用
用take短语填空
(1)Rod loves ________ clocks. However, he never manages to put them together again.
答案：taking apart 考查动词短语辨析。句意：罗德喜欢拆钟表，然而他从来不能把它们再组装起来。take apart“拆开，分开”。
(2)Ted doesn't know what to ________ at the university; he can't make up his mind about his future.
答案：take up
4．over and over again 一次又一次，反复
①My headteacher has told me over and over again not to get addicted to computer games.
我的班主任已多次告诉我不要沉迷于电脑游戏。
②The teacher made us pronounce the same word over and over again.
老师让我们反复念同一个词。与over and over again同义的短语：
time and(time)again 一再，屡次
again and again 多次，再三
time after time 多次，不断地知识拓展
活学活用
补全句子
他喋喋不休地讲着，反复对我讲那个故事。
He kept talking on and on，telling me the same story ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：over and over again
5．in place/into place
(1)在正确位置，准备妥当
①She likes to have everything in place.
她喜欢每件东西都各就各位。
②The receiver had already clicked into place.
听筒咔的一声放回了原位。
(2)安排就绪，准备就绪
①All the arrangements are now in place for their visit.
为他们来访所准备的一切都安排就绪了。
②With everything in place, she started the slide show.
一切就绪后，她开始放幻灯片。
in place of代替
out of place不合适的
take place发生
take the place of取代，代替
take one's place就座知识拓展①You can use a pencil in place of a pen.
你可以用铅笔代替钢笔。
②Her remarks were out of place.
她出言不当。
③She couldn't attend the meeting, so her assistant took her place.
她不能参加会议，所以她的助手代她出席。
④Take your places for dinner.
请各位入席。
活学活用
用恰当形式填空
You should behave yourself.It is________(place)to have such manners on this occasion.
答案：out of place 句意：守规矩点儿。在这种场合下有这种举动是不合适的。out of place表示“不合适的，不恰当的”之意，符合语境。6．sit up
(1)坐起；端坐
The patient is well enough to sit up in bed now.
病人现在已经能从床上坐起来了。
(2)熬夜(尤指为等候某人)
①I shall get back late, so don't sit up.
我要晚些回来，别(为等我)晚睡。
②The nurse sat up with the patient all night.
那护士整夜没睡守护着病人。
(3)突然注意起发生的事情或说的话
The news made us all sit up and take notice.
这消息立即引起了我们的注意。
活学活用
补全句子
有这么多工作要做，我们不得不彻夜不眠。
With so much work to do, we had to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：sit up through the night1.So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.
因此，你可以想象到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了，就可能非常严重。
在句中as引导非限制性定语从句，as在从句中作宾语，指代的是if your skin gets burned it can be very serious。as在非限制性定语从句中，可以代替整个句子或者一件事，在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语，意为“正如……；就像……”，可位于主句之前或之后，一般用逗号与主句隔开。
①The football team won the game, as we had expected.
正如我们所预料的一样，这支足球队赢了。
②The Pacific is the largest ocean, as we all know.
太平洋是最大的洋，这一点我们都知道(正如我们所知道的，太平洋是最大的洋)。
活学活用
用恰当词语填空
(1)(2013·山东，31)There is no simple answer，______ is often the case in science.
答案：as 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：没有简单的答案，这在科学方面是常有的事。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，缺少主语，故填as。“as is often the case”可以看成是固定表达，意为“这是常有的事”。
(2)The Beatles, ________ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.
答案：as 考查as引导的定语从句。当as引导定语从句，修饰整个主语或主句时，可以放在句首、句中或者句尾。as表示“正如，就像”。
2．Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.
除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。
unless为从属连词，引导条件状语从句。其用法总结如下：
(1)除非，除非在……情况下
①You won't get paid for time off unless you have a doctor's note.
除非你有医生证明，否则你不上班就拿不到工资。
②Unless I'm mistaken, she was back at work yesterday.
除非是我记错了，她是昨天回来上班的。
(2)若非，如果不
①I sleep with the window open unless it's really cold.
天气若不是很冷，我总是开着窗户睡觉。
②Unless something unexpected happens, I'll see you tomorrow.
如果不出意外，我明天去看你。知识拓展
(1)unless和if...not的用法常常是相同的。
Follow the green signs unless you have goods to declare/if you haven't any goods to declare.
未携带须申报货物者，沿绿色标记通行。
(2)unless不可用以指尚未发生的事情之结果，因而不可用于“假想的”条件句中。
We would have had a lovely holiday if it hadn't rained every day.
要不是天天下雨的话，我们的假日就过得痛快了。(本句中不可用unless it had rained)(3)unless(并非if...not)常用以引导出补充前言的话，即：对刚说过的话要加些补充。
She hasn't gotten any hobbies unless you call watching TV a hobby.
她没有任何嗜好——除非把看电视也算作嗜好的话。
(4)指将来可能发生或可能真实的情况用unless。
Have a cup of tea—unless you'd prefer a cold drink.
喝一杯茶吧——除非你想喝冷饮。
活学活用
用恰当词语填空
(1)(2013·江西，28)She says that she'll have to close the shop ________ business improves.
答案：unless 考查连词的用法。句意：她说她将不得不关闭商店除非生意有所好转。unless“除非”符合题意。
(2)(2014·湖南，26)You will never gain success ________ you are fully devoted to your work.
答案：unless 考查状语从句。句意：除非你全身心地投入到你的工作中，否则你就不会获得成功。所填词引导条件状语从句，意思是“除非，如果不”，故填unless。
(3)A small car is big enough for a family of three______you need more space for baggage.
答案：unless 考查连词。unless“除非，如果不”。句意为“对于三口之家来说小汽车是足够大了，除非你需要更多的空间存放行李。”Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The granny suddenly fell i________.
2．During her i________， Alice stayed indoors.
3．He suffered i________to his head.
4．What has h________to these people?
5．Have you been in any of these s________？
6．The skin is your body's large o________.
7．First aid is a very important first step in the t________of burns.
8．The sun's r________are bad for your health.
9．These affect all three layers of the skin and any t________and organs under the skin.
10．Cover the burned area with a dry clean b________.
答案：1.ill 2.illness 3.injury 4.happened 5.situations
6．organ 7.treatment 8.rays 9.tissue 10.bandageⅡ.补全句子
1．________clothing________(移开；拿走)the burned area.
2．Hold the bandage ________(在适当的位置)with tape.
3．Place them on the burned area ________(反复；再三)．
4．________(如果可能的话)，keep them higher than the heart.
5．Get the victim to the doctor or hospital ________(立刻)．
答案：1.Take，off 2.in place 3.over and over again 4.If possible 5.at once答案：1.is close to 2.sticking to 3.act as 4.prevent；from课件77张PPT。First aidUnit 5Section Ⅱ Learning about Language Unit 5
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The ice on the lake is not ________ (坚固的) enough to walk on.
2．I have a severe cough and ________ (喉咙) pain.
3．The scared baby held the mother's arm ________ (紧紧地)．
4．He escaped from the train wreck without ______ (伤害)．
5．He gave the poor woman a ________ (暂时的) job as well as some money.
6．Water itself is ________ (至关重要的) to the future of the race.
答案：1.firm 2.throat 3.tightly 4.injury 5.temporary
6．vital
Ⅱ.补全短语
1．too ________ 太多
2．a ________ of touch 触觉
3．belong ________ 属于
4．act ________ 充当，担任
答案：1.much 2.sense 3.to 4.as
Ⅲ.试着将下列句子改为省略结构
1．Don't move the broken leg if it is possible.
________________________________________________
2．He tried to save the people buried in the ruins as others saved the people.
________________________________________________
3．You carry the heavy box for the old man.
________________________________________________
4．If we had gone to the party, we should have known the fact.
________________________________________________
5．Do you know the gentleman whom our teacher is talking with?
________________________________________________
答案：1.Don't move the broken leg if possible.
2．He tried to save the people buried in the ruins as others.
3．Carry the heavy box for the old man.
4．Had we gone to the party, we should have known the fact.
5．Do you known the gentleman our teacher is talking with?
1.tight adj.
(1)牢固的，紧的，不松动的
①He kept a tight grip on her arm.
他紧紧握住了她的胳膊。
②The screw was so tight that it wouldn't move.
螺丝钉太紧，拧不开。
(2)紧身的，紧贴的
①She was wearing a tight pair of jeans.
她穿着一条紧身牛仔裤。
②The new sweater was a tight fit.
这件新毛衣很贴身。
(3)拮据的，不宽裕的
①We have a very tight budget.
我们的预算很紧。
②The president has a tight schedule today.
总统今天的日程排满了。
(4)严密的，严格的；拉紧的
①We need tighter security at the airport.
我们需要在机场实行更加严密的安全措施。
②The rope was stretched tight.
这根绳子被拉得很紧。tightly adv. 紧紧地，牢牢地
tighten v. (使)变紧，更加牢固知识拓展
活学活用
用恰当形式填空
He held my hand very________(tight)at first but gradually his hold loosened.
答案：tightly 句意：开始时他紧紧握住我的手，但是渐渐地松开了。tightly表示“紧紧地”，符合语境。
2．firm adj.
(1)坚固的，坚硬的
①These peaches are still firm.
这些桃子还很硬。
②Bake the cakes until they are firm to touch.
把蛋糕烤到摸起来有硬感为止。
(2)坚定的，坚决的
①She is a firm favourite with the children.
孩子们着实喜欢她。
②We have no firm evidence to support the case.
我们没有确凿的证据支持这个论点。
(3)牢固的，稳固的
①The ladder felt strong and firm.
这把梯子感觉很结实稳固。
②Stand the fish tank on a firm base.
把鱼缸放在牢固的基座上。firmly adv. 坚定地，坚固地知识拓展
①Keep your eyes firmly fixed on the road ahead.
密切注视路的前方。
②“I can manage”， she said firmly.
“我应付得了”，她坚定地说。
活学活用
用恰当形式填空
I shall tell her ________(firm)that it is not any business of hers.
答案：firmly 句意为“我将毫不含糊地告诉她这不关她的事”。1.knock over打翻，撞翻
①He'd knocked over a glass of water.
他打翻了一杯水。
②Who knocked that bottle over?
谁把瓶子撞倒了？knock into撞到……上
knock sb. down/over打倒(击倒或撞倒)某人
knock sth. down推倒
knock off停止做某事知识拓展①The room was dark and he knocked into the table.
房间里一片漆黑，他撞到了桌子上。
②She was knocked down by a bus.
她被一辆公共汽车撞倒在地。
③These old houses are going to be knocked down.
这些旧房子就要拆了。
④Do you want to knock off early today?
你今天想早点儿歇工吗？活学活用
完成句子
(1)He____________(撞翻)his coffee cup. It went right over the keyboard.
(2)Did you notice who____________(撞倒她)?
(3)He was lost in thought and__________(撞到树上)．
(4)Please________________(把鸟从树洞里敲打出来)．
答案：(1)knocked over (2)knocked her over
(3)knocked into/against the tree (4)knock the bird out of the hole in the tree2．belong to
(1)属于
①The temple surrounded by a wall belongs to the local government.
被墙围着的那座庙属于当地政府。
②What you said does not belong to this discussion.
你所说的不属于这次讨论的范围。
(2)是……的一部分；为……的一员
Do you belong to the club?
你有没有加入那个俱乐部？
提示：belong to不用于被动语态和进行时态。belong vi.应该在(某处)，通常在(某处)；适合在(某处)，适应(不与to连用，后面通常跟副词或其他介词短语)
belongings n．财产；所有物知识拓展
The hammer belongs with the rest of the tools.
这把锤子通常和其他工具放在一起。
活学活用
用恰当形式填空
He took away the bag not ________(belong)to him by mistake.
答案：belonging 句意：他错拿了不属于他的包。belong是不及物动词，与主语he是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式作定语。She could not decide whether to send him to hospital or not to send him to hospital.
她不能决定要送他去医院还是不送他去医院。
该句中whether to send him...为“whether＋不定式”结构，在句中作动词decide的宾语。英语中有些动词(词组)如tell，show，know，decide，learn，discuss，find out等词(组)后可以用疑问词how，what，when，where，who等加不定式的形式作宾语，该结构在句中也可作主语和表语。
①He showed us how to do the work.
他给我们展示怎么做这项工作。
②When and where to hold the meeting hasn't been decided.
何时何地召开这次会议还没决定。
③The problem is when to start.
问题是何时开始。whether...or...或者……或者……，是……还是……，表选择关系；不管……还是……，引导让步状语从句知识拓展
We must decide whether to stay or go.
我们必须决定是走还是待在这里。
活学活用
用恰当形式填空
I've worked with children before, so I know what ________(expect)in my new job.
答案：to expect 考查“疑问词＋不定式”结构。what to expect...在句中作know的宾语。省 略
省略是为了避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段。省略在语言中，尤其在对话中，是一种十分普遍的现象。为了避免重复，句子中某些部分常可省略。句子常可省略的有下列各部分。Ⅰ.成分省略
1．省略主语 (多限于少数现成说法)
①Thank you for your help.
谢谢你的帮助。
②See you tomorrow.
明天见。
③(You)Take care!
当心！
④(It)Looks as if it will rain.
看起来像要下雨了。2．省略谓语动词
1)省略谓语动词
①Some of us study Russian, others (study) English.
我们有的学俄语，有的学英语。
②He got up earlier than I (got up) today.
他今天起得比我早。
③Who (comes) next?
该谁了？
④We'll do the best we can (do)．
我们将尽力而为。
2)省略系动词
①Ma Lin is a bus-driver，his wife a conductor.
马林是位公共汽车司机，他的妻子是售票员。
②His face is tanned and his hands big and strong.
他的脸晒得很黑，他的双手大而有力。
③Gold is more expensive than silver.
金子比银子更贵重。
3．省略表语
①He was a lover of sports as he had been (a lover of sports) in his youth.
他还是像年轻时那样，是一位运动爱好者。
②—I think we're right.
—I'm sure we are (right)．
——我想我们是对的。
——我想是这样。
4．省略宾语
①Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry.
我们洗盘子吧，我洗你擦干。
②George fixed (the door) and painted the door.
乔治安装并粉刷了这扇门。
5．省略定语
He spent part of the money, and the rest (of the money) he saved.
那钱他花了一部分，其余的他都存了起来。
6．省略状语
He was not hurt. (How) Strange!
他没有受伤，真奇怪！
7．同时省略句子几个部分，甚至几个句子的相同成分都被省掉。这种现象多用于表示比较的状语从句中，在对疑问句的简略回答中，以及在反义疑问句或选择疑问句中。①In winter it is colder in Beijing than in Guangzhou.
北京的冬天比广州冷。
②She pledged herself to complete her father's unfinished task, whatever the cost (it was)．
她立誓不管付出多大代价，也要完成她父亲未完成的事业。
③—When did you read the play?
—Long age.
“你什么时候读的这个剧本？”“很久以前。”
④—Have you ever been to Xinjiang?
—你去过新疆吗？
—Never.
—从来没有。
⑤What exciting news (it is)!
多么令人激动的消息啊！
⑥(It is a) Pity that he's failed.
很遗憾，他失败了。知识拓展
1)在if，when，though，as，as if(好像)等连词引导的从句中，如果从句中的谓语含有系动词be，并且主语和主句主语一致，可以将主语和动词be省掉。
①When you do this exercise，make changes in the sentence structure when/if necessary.
做这个练习时，必要时可以改动句子结构。
②He is very good at painting, though very young(＝though he is very young)．
他虽然年纪轻轻，但很擅长画画。
③The boy looked as if afraid of nothing.
那男孩看起来好像什么都不怕。
④If necessary, we shall send a telegram home.
如果有必要，我们就往家里打电报。
⑤Whenever possible, he will come to my help.
他一有可能就来帮助我。
⑥While cycling, don't forget the traffic lights.
骑车时，不要忘记看红绿灯。
2)在下面的句子中，动词不定式符号to的后面省去了动词原形及其以后的部分。
①You may go with them if you want to.
你愿意的话，也可以和他们一起去。(to后省去go with them)
②—Will you be able to come?
—你来吗？
—I'd love to. But I'm busy.
—我倒很想来，可是我现在有事。
③Don't go until tell you to.
等我叫你走你再走。3)由固定词组引导的疑问句，常常出现省略现象。
①What about having a game of chess?
下盘棋怎么样？
②How come they left you alone here?
他们怎么会把你一人留在这里呢？
③What if it's raining?
如果天下雨怎么办？
④Why not try again?
为什么不再试试呢？
Ⅱ.小品词的省略
1．省略介词
①He spent four hours (in) going over his lessons.
他花了四个小时复习功课。
②I've studied English (for) five years.
我已学五年英语了。
③They are (of) the same age.
他们年龄相同。
④There is no use (in) explaining it to her any more.
这件事再向她解释也是无用的。
⑤He is carrying out this experiment (in) the same way as I did yesterday.
他使用我昨天采用的方法在做他的实验。
2．省略连词that
①I believe (that) you will succeed.
我相信你们会成功的。
②It's a pity (that) he's leaving.
他要走，真遗憾。
③I'm sure (that) she will help you.
我肯定她会帮你的。
3．省略关系代词
①I'll give you all (that) I have.
我会把我所有的一切都给你。
②He read the book (which) I got yesterday.
他看过我昨天买的书了。
Ⅲ.替代省略
1．so代替提到过的形容词，动词甚至是宾语从句 (think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine, hope等与so连用，替代肯定的宾语从句；与not连用，替代否定的宾语从句)。
①—You aren't right.
—你是不对的。
—I am so!
—我是对的！
②He's clever, probably too much so for his own good.
他很聪明，可能已到了自私自利的地步。
③I wouldn't have told you this if it weren't so.
如果事实不是如此的话，我就不会告诉你这件事了。2．“So/Nor(Neither)＋谓语＋主语”这种句型用来替代前面提到的情况，表明它也适用于后者。
①Jane will never compromise with Bill, and nor will Bill.
简决不会同比尔和解，而比尔也决不会同简和解。
②He can't do it, nor can I, nor can you, nor can anybody.
他不能做这事，我也不能，你也不能，任何人都不能。
③He likes skating and so does she.
他喜欢滑冰，她也喜欢滑冰。
3．不定代词替代，此类词有all, both, some, any, enough, several, none, many, much, more, (the) most, (a) few, another, the other, others, either等。
①Though they worked hard, none of the boys has passed the history examination.
尽管这些男孩子们学习很刻苦，可是他们中没有人历史考试及格。
②One took a taxi, and the other walked home.
一个人打车回家，另一个人则步行回家。
4．one, ones, that, those替代。
①I haven't a book; can you lend me one?
我没有书，你能借我一本吗？
②The weather in Harbin is much colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.
冬季哈尔滨的天气比广州冷得多。
5．动词性替代。
①You like rock climbing as much as he does.
你跟他一样喜欢攀岩。
②—Have you finished writing your report?
—你写好报告了吗？
— I haven't done yet, but I will do.
—我还没有写呢，不过我马上就写。
高考真题改编
1．(2014·湖南，21)Children，when________ (accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
答案：accompanied 考查非谓语动词。由when可知所填词作题干的时间状语，逻辑主语是题干的主语children，所填词与逻辑主语是被动关系，故填accompanied。
2．(2014·福建，28)The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, if ________， reaching 30℃ in summer.
答案：ever 考查if从句的省略。根据形容词pleasant“令人愉悦的”及副词rarely“很少”可知，气温达到30度只是偶尔才会出现的情况，故填ever。句意：这儿的气候是相当舒适的，要是曾经有的话，气温也很少达到30度。
3．(2013·全国Ⅰ，28)The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not________.
答案：to 考查不定式的省略形式。句意：这名司机想把车停在路边，但警察不让他停在路边。ask sb.not to do sth.要求某人不要干某事，此处承前省略，只留下不定式符号to。
4．(2013·浙江，19)There are some health problems that, when not________(treat)in time, can become bigger.
答案：treated 考查状语从句的省略。句意： 有一些健康问题，如果没得到及时的治疗在以后的生活中会变得更严重。分析结构可知，此处是状语从句的省略，从句主语problems与treat之间为动宾关系，故填treated，其完整的形式为 when they are not treated in time。
5．(2013·辽宁，29)To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then ________(代词)of her colleagues.
答案：that 考查代词的用法。句意：让德拉高兴的是，她先是赢得了学生的信任，然后又赢得了同事的信任。that代指上文的不可数名词the trust。one ，ones和those都代指可数名词，故排除。专项练习
1．When________(compare)different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.
答案：comparing 句意：在比较不同的文化时，我们通常只是注意其差异，而忽视了它们的许多相似之处。本题考查状语从句的省略，补充完整为：When we are comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.本题也可以理解为现在分词短语作时间状语。动词compare与主语we构成逻辑上的主谓关系，采用现在分词表示主动。
2．When________(offer)help, one often says“Thank you” or“It's very kind of you”．
答案：offered 句意：当得到来自他人的帮助时，我们常常说“谢谢”或“谢谢你”。本题考查时间状语从句的省略。补充完整为：When he or she is offered help, one often says “Thank you” or“It's very kind of you”．此外也可以理解为分词作时间状语，句子的主语one与动词offer之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，采用过去分词作状语。
3．—I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend.
—________(sound)good.
答案：Sounds 句意：“我在想周末我们能否去滑雪。”“听起来不错。”本句是省略用法，其完整的形式应为“That sounds good”，口语中往往省略主语，所以填sounds。
4．—What should I do with this passage?
—________(find)out the main idea of each paragraph.
答案：Find 句意：“这篇文章我该怎么处理？”“把每段的主旨大意找出来。”答语是省略形式，省略了句子主语和部分谓语，完整的句子是You should find out the main idea of each paragraph。故填find。
5．—Brad was Jane's brother.
—No________he reminded me so much of Jane.
答案：wonder (It is) No wonder (that)．..表示“难怪……；……不足为奇”；例如：No wonder he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day.难怪他不饿，他整天在吃糖果。No doubt表示“无疑地，不容怀疑地；很可能地”；例如：No doubt you would like a drink.毫无疑问你是喜欢喝一杯了。
6．I could do anything but ________(admit)to him that I was wrong.
答案：admit 句意：除了向他承认错误外，我做什么都可以。but前有实义动词do，其后作宾语的不定式常省略to，故填admit。
7．—Will you join us in the game?
—Thank you，but I would rather________.
答案：not 由句意可知，“Thank you”与“I'd rather not”之间为转折关系。I'd rather not.为口语中的省略结构，完整形式为：I'd rather not join you in the game.
8．We all know that, if not carefully________(deal)with, the situation will get worse.
答案：dealt 主从句主语一致，从句中谓语动词为系动词be，可省略主语和系动词be，完整的句子为We all know that, if the situation is not carefully dealt with, it will get worse.
9．The research is so designed that once________ (begin) nothing can be done to change it.
答案：begun 句意：这个研究项目是如此设计的，一旦研究开始，没有什么事物能够改变它。once begun＝once the research is begun。本考题也可理解为过去分词作状语，句子的主语the research与begin之间存在被动关系；在过去分词begun前加once，用来突出时间和条件概念。
10．Unless________(invite)to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
答案：invited 句意：除非被邀请作大会发言，否则在会议上你应当保持沉默。本题考查条件状语从句的省略，其完整形式为： Unless you are invited，...；本考题也可理解为分词作条件状语，动词invite与句子的主语you之间在逻辑上存在被动关系。11．—Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.
—Why ________(代词)? John is sitting there doing nothing.
答案：me 考查省略的用法。在省略句中，人称代词单独使用，并且句中没有谓语动词时，采用代词的宾格形式。Why me？＝Why do you ask me?
12．—Was it last summer________you luckily got an opportunity to spend your holiday in Hawaii?
— Not me. John was the lucky dog.
答案：that 本题考查了强调句型。被强调的部分是状语last summer。
13．One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and ________ white.
答案：the other 在并列句中，常省略后面分句中与前面相同的部分。例如：One was filled with petrol, one (was filled) with caster oil and one (was filled) with vinegar.本考题的题干后半部分的完整形式为：the other side should be painted white。
14．This problem may lead to more serious ones if________(leave)unsolved.
答案：left 状语从句的完整形式为：This problem may lead to more serious ones if it is left unsolved.在主从复合句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，常将从句的主语和谓语中的be省略。
15．—Who is making so much noise in the garden?
—________ is the children.
答案：It 这是一个强调句，后面省略了that are making so much noise in the garden。Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The dog b________ him and made his leg bleed.
2．Soon an a________came and took the injured driver to the hospital as quickly as possible.
3．A vein(血管)in his neck was cut and he b______to death.
4．Her head was b________and she was given a skin- transplant operation on her left hand.
5．With so much e________equipment, wood and paper in one place, there is a danger of fire.
答案：1.bit 2.ambulance 3.bled 4.bandaged 5.electrical
Ⅱ.根据汉语意思完成句子
1．除非被邀请，否则你最好不要参加这次宴会。
________ ________， you'd better not attend the party.
2．所有我能够做的就是尽力找到一个新办法。
All that I can do is ________ ______ ________ ________ find a new way.
3．昨晚汤姆没有来，但他应该来。
Last night Tom didn't come, but he ________ ________ ________.
4．工人们要求经理提高他们的待遇。
The workers requested that the manager ______ ________ ________.
5．据说有人会来帮我们解决问题，但不知是谁。
It is said that someone will come to help us solve the problem, but we don't know ________.
答案：1.Unless invited 2.try my best to 3.ought to have 4.raise their pay 5.who课件84张PPT。First aidUnit 5Section Ⅲ Using Language Unit 5Ⅰ.下面是本部分的重点词汇，你能准确填出内容吗？
1．根据词汇及汉语写出单词及其拓展形式
(1)________ (adj.)牢固的；紧的；紧密的→tightly (adj.)紧地；牢牢地
(2)________ (adj.)(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的→firmly (adv.)坚固地；稳定地
(3)__________ (n.)典礼；仪式；礼节
(4)________ (n.)勇敢；勇气→brave (adj.)勇敢的
tight firmceremonybravery
(5)treat (vt. & vi.)治疗；对待；款待 (n.)款待；招待→________ (n.)对待；治疗
(6)________ (vt.)涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 (vi.)申请；请求；使用；有效→__________ (n.)申请→applicant (n.)申请人
(7)________ (n.)压力；挤压；压迫(感)→press (v.)挤，压treatment applyapplicationpressure 2．根据汉语意义补全短语
(1)prevent...________... 阻止……
(2)a number ________ 若干；许多
(3)put one's hands ________ 找到
(4)________ a difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用
(5)be ________ fire 着火
(6)be presented ________ 被授予……
(7)be proud ________ 为……感到骄傲
(8)get involved ________ 卷入，介入from ofonmakeon withofinⅡ.重点句式
1．John________ ________in his room________he heard screaming.
约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到了尖叫声。
2．________ ________ ________ ________that John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life.
毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技术挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。
答案：1.was studying；when 2.There is no doubtⅢ.课文理解
阅读文章HEROIC TEENAGER RECEIVES AWARD，回答下列问题。
1．What was John doing when he heard the screaming?
________________________________________________
2．What happened to Ann?
________________________________________________
3．What saved Ms Slade's life?
________________________________________________
4．What first aid did John perform on Ann?
________________________________________________
5．What adjectives would you use to describe John's actions? Give at least three.
________________________________________________
答案：1.He was studying in his room.
2．She had been stabbed repeatedly with a knife. She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily. Her hands had almost been cut off.
3．It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade's life.
4．John dressed her injuries with tea towels and tape, and applied pressure to the wounds to slow the bleeding.
5．Brave, heroic，courageous, quick-thinking, quick- minded, helpful, fearless，selfless，confident，warm-hearted.1.present v.
(1)～sb. with sth.|～sth.(to sb.)把……交给，颁发
The mayor presented a silver cup to the winner.
＝The mayor presented the winner with a silver cup.
市长把银杯授予了获胜者。
(2)～sth.(for sth.)|～sth.(to sb.)提出，提交
The committee is presenting its investigation report next week.
委员会将于下星期提交调查报告。
(3)～sth.|～sth./sb./oneself as sth.(以某方式或角度)展现、显示、表示
The company has decided it must present a more modern image.
公司已决定，必须展现出更加现代的形象。
(4)主持播放，主持节目
She used to present a gardening program on TV.
她曾在电视上主持一个园艺节目。
(5)上演，公演，推出
They presented 15 lively songs, dances and ballads.
他们演出了15个生动的歌舞曲艺节目。
(6)～sb.(to sb.)正式介绍，引见
The new ambassador was presented to the president.
新大使被引见给总统。present n．①礼物，赠品
②现在；目前at present＝at the present time目前，现在
adj.现在的；现存的(常作前置定语)
adj.出席的；到场的(不可作前置定语)知识拓展
①I don't need the book at present.
目前我还不需要这本书。
②What's your present address?
你现在的住址在哪里？
③How many people were present at the meeting?
有多少了出席了会议？
活学活用
(1)翻译句子
Since there is no time like the present, he thought it was time to present the present to his parents.
________________________________________________
答案：既然机不可失，时不再来，他认为是到了向父母赠送礼物的时候了。
(2)用恰当形式填空
When are the committee________(present)their report? We are waiting for it.
答案：presenting2．ceremony n.
(1)[C]典礼，仪式
①What the old headmaster said at the graduation ceremony dwells in my mind.
老校长在毕业典礼上讲的话一直回响在我的脑海里。
②The wedding ceremony took place/was held on April fifteenth.
婚礼在四月十五日举行。
(2)[U]礼节，礼仪；客套
①There's no need for ceremony between friends.
朋友之间不必拘礼。
②The Queen was crowned with much ceremony.
女王加冕礼仪很隆重。
活学活用
补全句子
He was awarded ________ ________ ________(在一个典礼上)．
答案：at a ceremony
3．bravery n. [U]勇敢
①His bravery should be an example to all of us.
他的勇敢应作为我们大家学习的榜样。
②He faced up to the fact that he would never walk again with remarkable bravery.
他非常勇敢地接受了他再也不能走路的现实。
比较网站
bravery，courage
活学活用
补全句子
这个年轻人真勇敢，上周他帮助警察捉住了一个小偷。
The young man was ________ ________ ________he helped the police catch the thief last week.
答案：so brave that4．treat
1)vt.
(1)以……方式/态度对待(treat sb./sth. with/as/like sth.)
Treat your keyboard with care and it should last for years.
小心使用你的键盘，这样就可以使用很多年。
(2)把……看作/视为(treat sth. as sth.)
I decided to treat his remark as a joke.
我决定把他的话当作戏言。
(3)医治，治疗
The condition is usually treated with drugs and a strict diet.
这种病情通常用药物和严格控制饮食进行治疗。
(4)招待，款待，请(客)(treat sb. to sth.)
I'm going to treat myself to a new pair of shoes.
我打算给自己买双新鞋。
2)n. 乐事，乐趣，款待
①We took the kids to the zoo as a special treat.
作为特别的消遣，我们带孩子们到动物园去。
②It's my treat.
我请客。treat sb. like/as...把某人看成……
be badly/well treated受到坏/好的对待
treat sb. with respect尊敬某人
treat sb. to sth.款待；招待知识拓展活学活用
选词填空(treat/cure)
Hundreds waited at the city's main hospital, where doctors were forced to ________ the injured in the open air because only one operating room was functioning.
答案：treat 句意：数百人等在这个城市的主要医院里，在那里医生被迫在外面治疗伤员，因为只有一间手术室能用。treat“治疗”，符合题意。cure“治愈”。
5．apply
1)vt.
(1)涂，敷，搽
Apply the cream evenly over the skin.
将雪花膏均匀地抹在皮肤表面。
(2)应用，运用
The teacher is trying to apply the theory to his teaching.
这位老师正在努力把这一理论应用于教学。
2)vi.
(1)申请，请求
I come here today to apply for the job.
我今天来这儿就是要申请这份工作。
(2)适用，有效
The school rules apply to us all.
校规适用于我们所有的人。(1)常用短语：apply to sb. for sth.因……向某人申请
apply sth. to sth.把……涂/擦/擦到……上；运用/应用某事物
be applied to适用于；应用于
apply for申请，请求，接洽
apply to适用，关系到，牵涉到
(2)派生词：applicant n．申请人
applied adj.应用的；实用的
application n．申请；应用
make an application to sb. for sth.因……向某人申请/请求知识拓展
活学活用
(1)用恰当介词填空
The official________whom we applied________a permit was most warm-hearted.
答案：to；for 句意：我们向他申请许可证的那位官员非常热心。apply to...for...是“向……申请……”之意。
(2)补全句子
你只有真正专心致志地学习，考试才能通过。
You will only pass your exams if you really ________ ________ ________ your study.
答案：apply yourself to6．pressure n.
(1)[U]压力；挤压
The small box was flattened by the pressure of the heavy book on it.
小盒子被这本厚厚的书压扁了。
(2)[U& C]压力；压强
The water pressure may need adjusting.
水压可能需要调整。
(3)[U]大气压
A band of low pressure is moving across the country.
一个低压带正横越该国。(4)[U]～(for sth.)|～(on sb.)(to do sth.)催促，要求，呼吁，强迫
The pressure for change continued to mount.
改革的呼声持续高涨。
(5)[U] & [pl.]心理压力，紧张
She left home to escape the pressure to conform to her family's way of life.
她离家出走以求摆脱她家的生活方式对她的束缚。put/bring pressure on/upon向……施加压力
put pressure on sb. (to do sth.)强迫；促使；劝说某人(做某事)
under pressure被迫；迫不得已；在压力下
under the pressure of在……逼迫下，在……的压力下
at high/low pressure在高/低压下
give in to pressure屈服于压力知识拓展
①The bank will bring pressure to bear on you if you don't pay.
你要是不付款，银行就对你施加压力。
②Advertisements put pressure on girls to be thin.
广告迫使女孩子竞相瘦身。
③The team performs well under pressure.
这个队在压力下表现良好。
活学活用
用恰当形式填空
Life is tough in the city. In order to lose their ________(press), some people drink alcohol.
答案：pressure 句意：在城市里生活很艰辛。一些人为了消除压力而喝酒。pressure“压力”是life is tough的体现，也是drink alcohol的原因，符合题意。1.cut off
(1)切去，割掉，砍掉，剪掉
Don't cut your fingers off!
小心别切断手指头！
(2)阻碍，阻挡，堵塞
This fence cuts off our view of the sea.
篱笆挡住了我们观望大海的视线。
(3)停止，中断供应
If you don't pay your gas bill soon you may be cut off.
你若不立即付清煤气费，就要停止向你供气。
(4)切断……的去路或来路，使……与外界隔绝
She felt very cut off living in the country.
她住在乡间感到很闭塞。cut down砍倒；缩减，削减
cut in插嘴，突然插入
cut out割掉，切掉，删掉
cut through抄近路穿过；凿穿；剪断
cut up切碎
cut into pieces切成碎片
cut short使停止，打断；截短，缩减
cut away砍去，割掉知识拓展活学活用
用cut短语填空
(1)(2013·陕西，25)My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking, but at least he has ________.
答案：cut down 考查动词短语语境运用。句意：我叔叔没能戒烟，但至少他减少了用量。cut down“削减，减少；砍倒”，符合题意。
(2)I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson________.
答案：cut in 句意：我和玛格丽特交谈时，杰克逊突然插嘴，打断了我们的谈话。cut in(on sb./sth.)表示“插嘴”。2．a number of 许多，大量
①A number of boys have been absent some time during the term.
这学期有许多男学生有时候缺课。
②There were a large number of people at the football match.
有很多人看足球比赛。
③Numbers of people visited the fair.
许多人参加了商品展销会。比较网站
a number of，the number of
知识拓展
常用来修饰名词的短语有：
(1)修饰可数名词的短语有：
a great/good many
a large/great/good number of
a good few/quite a few
many a
(2)修饰不可数名词的短语有：
a great/good deal of
a great/large amount of
quite a little
(3)既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的短语有：
a lot of/lots of
a great/large quantity of
large quantities of
plenty of答案：(1)The number of (2)Quantities of (3)an amount of/quantities of (4)a number of
3．put one's hands on找到
①He can not put his hands on his English book.
他找不到他的英语课本。
②I will bring some tapes if I can put my hands on them.
如果能找到的话，我会带几盒录音带过来。at hand在手边，在附近
by hand用手工
from hand to hand传递
hand in hand手拉手，共同地
on (the) one hand, on the other hand一方面，另一方面
in hand在手里，可供使用；在控制之下知识拓展
①There are shops and buses at hand.
附近就有商店和公共汽车。
②The children went on an outing hand in hand by twos and threes.
孩子们三三两两地拉着手去郊游。
活学活用
用恰当介词填空
I know their address is here somewhere, but I can not put my hands ________ it right now.
答案：on 句意：我知道他们的地址就放在这儿，但是我一时找不到。put one's hands on为固定短语，意为“找到”。
4．make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用
①It isn't what you have done but what you will do that makes a difference.
重要的不是你做了什么而是你将要做什么。
②Thank you so much for making me feel important and showing me that I could make a difference.
谢谢你让我觉得自己很重要，让我知道我可以产生影响。make no difference (to sb./sth.)对某人/物没有作用或影响，对某人/物不重要/不要紧
make some difference (to sb./sth.)对某人/物有些作用或影响
make all the difference关系重大；大不相同
make a difference between区别对待知识拓展
①It makes no difference whether you go today or tomorrow.
你今天或明天去，关系不大。
②The rain didn't make much difference to the game.
这场雨对比赛没多大影响。
活学活用
用恰当词语填空
Each statue is of a person who has made a________in American history.
答案：difference 句意：每一个雕塑都是关于影响了美国历史的人。make a difference是“有影响，起(重要)作用”之意，符合语境。1.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.
约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到了尖叫声。
本句中用了be doing sth. when...“正在做某事，就在这时……”。when在此作并列连词用，意为“就在这时”，相当于and at this time。
We were discussing the problem when there was a power failure.
我们正在讨论那个问题，这时停电了。be about to do... when...正打算做……这时……
be just going to do... when...正要做……这时……
had just done...when...刚做了……这时……
be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时……知识拓展①We had just finished the operation when the machine had a breakdown.
我们刚完成那个手术机器就坏了。
②The thief was on the point of putting his hand into the lady's handbag when the bus suddenly stopped.
小偷正要把手伸进那位女士的手提袋中，这时公共汽车突然停了。
③He was just about to say something when Helen turned around.
他正想要说些什么，这时海伦转过身来。
活学活用
用恰当词语填空
He was about to leave________Tom arrived，so he stayed a little longer.
答案：when 句意：他正要走的时候汤姆来了，于是他就多待了一会儿。be about to与when连用时，表示“即将要做某事时，这时候……”之意，符合语境。2．It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade's life.
正是约翰的快捷动作及急救知识挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。
本句为强调句型，强调了主语John's quick action and knowledge of first aid。
(1)强调句型结构是：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that从句，如果强调的是人，既可用that引导，也可用who引导。
(2)被强调的部分若是原句的主语，who/that之后的谓语动词在人称和数上与主语保持一致。
(3)疑问句形式的强调句型为Is/Was it...that...？若被强调的是特殊疑问句(what为例)，则为What is/was it that...?
(4)辨别是否为强调句型的一个简单方法：省去it is/was及that，若句子仍然成立，则原句为强调句型，否则不是。活学活用
用恰当词语填空
(1)(2013·重庆，27)It was with the help of the local guide ________ the mountain climber was rescued.
答案：that 考查强调句。句意：是在当地导游的帮助下登山者被救的。分析结构可知，此处是强调句，强调的是句子的状语with the help of the local guide；由强调句的基本句子结构“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that(强调人可以用who)＋其他”可知填that。
(2)(2014·福建，29)It was the culture, rather than the language, ________made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.
答案：that 考查强调句。根据还原法，去掉it was 和空格，剩余部分结构完整，由此可知，空格处应填that。句意：是文化而不是语言使得他很难适应国外的环境。
(3)It was not until midnight________they reached the camp site.
答案：that 考查强调句的用法。句意：他们直到午夜才到达营地。当until midnight用于It is/was...that...强调句时，前面须加not，构成not until midnight，后边再加that。而且that不能换用when, while, as等。3．There is no doubt that John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life.
毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技术挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。
(1)整个句子是一个典型的复合句，that引导同位语从句。同位语从句大多由从属连词that引导，常常跟在hope, fact, news, opinion等名词之后，在逻辑上属于同位关系。
We were delighted at the news that our school had won in the competition.
当听到我校赢得比赛的消息时，我们欣喜若狂。
(2)There is no doubt that...是个固定句式，意思是“毫无疑问……”， doubt在此作名词，此外还可以作动词，意为“拿不准，疑虑”。
①There is no doubt that he is honest.
毫无疑问他是诚实的。
②He doubted whether the answer was right.
他拿不准答案是否正确。
活学活用
用恰当词语填空
(1)________is no doubt that we will communicate in English freely if we work hard.
答案：There
(2)(2014·重庆，12)—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
—Yeah, but I have no idea ________ he did it; that's one of his favorite universities.
答案：why 考查同位语从句。句意：——麦克昨天拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取，是真的吗？——是的，但是我不清楚他为什么这么做，耶鲁大学是他喜欢的大学之一。why引导的从句作idea的同位语，由句意可知表示原因，故填why。写作指导
如何写程序说明文
程序说明文是说明文的重要形式之一，它主要用来告诉读者某种事物的演变过程，某一物品的制作过程或某一事情的实施过程。
要写好一篇程序说明文，准确地传达想要传达的信息，在写作中要注意以下几点：
1．优化文章的结构。可采用“总—分”、“总—分—总”等结构以使文章层次分明、有条理。
2．准确把握事物发展或物品制作中的每一个进程、每一道工序，做到不颠倒、不跳跃、不遗漏。
3．选择合理的写作顺序：顺序说明文通常以程序或时间先后为写作顺序。
4．文章安排要详略得当：完成一件事情需要许多步骤，但其中一定有一个或几个关键步骤。我们应该对关键的步骤详写，其余的可以略写。
5．语言表达要准确、规范：程序说明文经常会用到许多专业性较强的词汇。在写作时要了解其实际含义并使用恰当的语言进行表达。常用结构
1．Today, the topic is...
2．When you find/see.... what should you do?
3．First, you can...
4．In addition/Then/Next/Also/At the same time, you must/should...
5．Last but not least, you'd better...
6．More importantly, you should...
7．The last but most important step is...
8．In a word, as long as you... you can...
实战演练
在日常生活中，学习一些急救知识，对一个人来说很重要。写一篇关于急救的文章，介绍交通事故方面的急救方法。
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参考范文：
First aid for traffic accidents
If we happen to witness a traffic accident, what should we do to save other people's lives? Knowing how to respond properly can make a big difference. Here are some rules that we can follow.
First, we should stay calm. Next, we can ask simple questions such as “Are you OK？” to make the person's condition clear. Then, we need to check the person's breathing. If it is difficult for him to breathe, we should try to start his breathing right away with the mouth-to-mouth method. Also, if a person is bleeding, we need to stop the bleeding by pressing on the wound with a clean cloth.
With all the above done, we can stay with the person until the police and the ambulance arrive.Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A lot of guests attended his wedding ________ (仪式)．
2．The nurse applied ________ (压力) to his arm to stop the bleeding.
3．As soon as he came to life from the accident, he called an ________(救护车)．
4．They awarded him a medal for his b________ in the battle.
5．Under the doctor's careful t________， your father is sure to get over it.
答案：1.ceremony 2.pressure 3.ambulance 4.bravery 5.treatmentⅡ.补全句子
1．He lay on the floor，________(流血)profusely.
2．Good timing is ________(不可或缺的)to our plans.
3．The important decision will ________(影响)the company's future.
4．He asked ________(许多的；大量的) people.
5．Let's go out for lunch—my ________(款待)．
6．Now we all know the great ________(压力)he had at that moment.
答案：1.bleeding 2.essential 3.affect 4.a number of 5.treat 6.pressure
4．When I reach my goal weight I ________ myself.
5．If one wants knowledge of science, one must ________ scientific experiments oneself.
答案：1.put my hands on 2.make a difference 3.a number of 4.will be proud of 5.take part in
