【中考全景透视】2015中考英语人教版一轮复习导学案 第十讲 八年级（下）Units 3～4
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| 名称 | 【中考全景透视】2015中考英语人教版一轮复习导学案 第十讲 八年级（下）Units 3～4 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2015-04-09 12:49:45 | ||
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第十讲 八年级(下)Units 3～4
重点词汇 1.fold(v.)折叠；对折2．sweep(v.)打扫3．mess(n.)杂乱；不整洁4．finger(n.)手指5．provide(n.)提供；供应6．drop(v.)落下；掉下7．allow(v.)允许；准许8．instead(adv.)代替；反而；却 9.nervous(adj.)焦虑的；担忧的10．offer(v.)主动提供；自愿给予11．explain(v.)解释；说明12．copy(v.)抄袭；模仿；复印；复制13．return(v.)归还；回来14．member(n.)成员；分子15．continue(v.)持续；继续存在16．cause(v.)造成；引起
词汇拓展 1.waste→wasteful2．usual→(反义词)unusual→usually3．second→secondly 4.develop→(形容词)developed；developing→发展；发育development5．fair→(反义词)unfair→公正性fairness6．argue→(名词)argument
重点短语 1.倒垃圾take out the rubbish2．频繁；反复all the time3．一……就……as soon as4．目的是in order to5．依靠depend on6．照顾take care of 7.浏览look through8．解决work out9．关系良好；和睦相处get on with10．删除cut out11．比较compare…with12．依……看in one's opinion
重点句型 1.Could Iat least finishwatching this show？我至少看完这个节目行吗？2．Shewon't be happy if shesees this mess．如果她看到这样不整洁，她会不高兴的。3．Shedidn't do any housework andneither did I.她没有做家务活，我也没有做。 4.My parents don't al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )low me tohang out with my friends.我父母不允许我和朋友们一起出去闲逛。5．Insteadhewatches wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atever he wantsuntil late at night.相反地，他看他想看的任何节目，一直到深夜。6．Others arepractising sportsso that they cancompete and win.其他人在训练体育，以便他们能参加竞赛获胜。
一、根据句意及汉语提示，填入恰当的单词。
1．He didn'treturn(回来)home until ten o'clock.
2．Mrs. Black and Mrs. White are both myneighbors(邻居)．
3．What amess(杂乱)！Clean it up.
4．His mother is alwayscomparing(比较)him with his classmate Bill.
5．You should explain(解释) that you don't mind him watching TV all the time.
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
6．Miss Wang l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oves her students，and she usuallycommunicates(communication)with them.
7．Laura's friend Rose is a typical(type)Russian girl.
8．Li Mingswept(sweep)the floor yesterday.
9．Why did Peter refuseto_make(make) his bed
10．—Is Paul yourelder(old)brother，Tony
—Yes.He is two years older than me.
三、根据汉语完成句子，每空一词。
11．请饭后把垃圾倒了。
Pleasetake out the rubbish after dinner.
12．珍妮和她的朋友们关系不好。
Jenny doesn't get on with her friends.
13．她早早出发了，为的是能及时到达那里。
She started earlyin order to arrive there in time.
14．我们的计划取决于我们要去哪儿。
Our plandepends on where we will go.
15．在周末，我过去常常和朋友们闲逛。
I used tohang out with friends on weekends.
一、Could you please clean your room？请你打扫一下你的房间，好吗？
【考点精讲】
本句中的“Can/Could you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )please＋动词原形……”意为“你能……吗？”，相当于“Will/Would you please＋动词原形……”该句型常用来向别人有礼貌地提出要求，要求对方做某事或委婉地提出看法。对这个句型作肯定回答时用“Sure/Certainly”等，否定回答为“Sorry，I can't”或“Sorry”然后陈述理由。eg：
—Could you please sweep the floor？请你打扫一下地板，好吗？
—Yes，of course.是的，当然可以。
【注意】Can/Could/Will/Would you please后面接动词原形，其否定形式是在动词原形前加not。eg：
Would you please not open the door？请你不要开门，好吗？
—Sir，could you please put out your cigarette？This is a smoke free(无烟的)school.
—________(2013，菏泽)
A．I'm sorry about this. B．No problem.
C．Sure，I'd love to. D．Never mind.
【解析】A。选项A“我对此表示歉意 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )”，选项B“没问题”，选项C“当然了，我很乐意”，选项D“不要紧”。由第一句“先生，请您熄灭烟好吗？这是一所无烟学校”可知答句应选A。
【即时演练】
Ⅰ.单项选择。
1．—__A__you sing an English song
—Yes，I can.(2013，武汉)
A．Can B．May C．Must D．Need
2．—Could I borrow your camera？(2013，黄冈)
—__B__，but please give it back by Saturday.
A．I am sorry B．Of course
C．Certainly not D．No，thanks
3．—Could you please pass me the dictionary
—__B__．(2013，黔西南)
A．Yes，could B．Sure，here you are
C．No，I couldn't D．No，that's no problem
4．—Would you please help me with my writing skills
—__C__．You can come to my office every Saturday.(2014，达州)
A．That's all right B．Not at all
C．No problem D．No，thanks
二、For one week，sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e did not do any housework and neither did I．一个星期，她没做家务活，我也没有做。
【考点精讲】
“neither＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示“……也不”。neither此处用作副词，意为“也不”。eg：
He doesn't like swimming and neither do I．他不喜欢游泳，我也不喜欢。
You can't speak Japanese and neither can I．你不会说日语，我也不会。
【注意】“so＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示“……也是”。
【拓展】①neither作代词，意为“(两者)都不”。eg：
Neither of my parents is at home.我父母亲两个都不在家。
②neither作形容词，与名词单数连用，意为“(两者)都不的”。eg：
Neither answer is right.两个答案都不对。
③neither…nor…意为“既不……也不……”。eg：
The room is neither big nor bright.这个房间既不大也不明亮。
Neither you nor I am right.你不对，我也不对。
I can't play the piano，and________．(2013，黄石)
A．neither can my sister B．my sister can't，too
C．so can't my sister D．can my sister，either
【解析】A。句意：我不会弹钢琴，我妹妹也不会 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。以neither开头的句子，表示“……也不”时，句子要倒装，其句型结构为：neither＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语。故选A。
【即时演练】
Ⅰ.单项选择。
1．—I don't like documentaries.
—__C__．(2013，乌鲁木齐)
A．So do I B．So I do
C．Neither do I D．Either do I
2.—I'm not going swimming tomorrow afternoon.
—__B__．I have to clean up my bedroom.(2013，兰州)
A．So am I B．Neither am I
C．Neither I am D．So I am
3．—I'd like you to tell me something about Shen Nongjia.(2013，孝感)
—I'm sorry，but neither Jack nor I__A__there.
A．have been B．has been
C．have gone D．has gone
4．Neither my sister nor I__A__been to America before.(2013，安顺)
A．have ever B．have never
C．has ever D．has never
Ⅱ.根据汉语完成句子，每空一词。
5．如果她不去，我也不去。
If she doesn't go，neither will I.
6．我和他都不认识那个人。
Neither I nor heknows the man.
三、Why don't you talk to your parents？你为什么不和你的父母交谈？
【考点精讲】
Why don't you…？表达的意思是“你为什么不……？”，表示肯定的意思。eg：
Why don't you buy a suit for your husband？你为何不给你丈夫买一套西服呢？
表示提建议的句型还有：
(1)Why not…？为什么不……？
Why not后接动词原形，该句型是“Why don't you…？”的缩写形式，两者表示的意思相同。eg：
Why not learn some Chinese pop songs？为何不学一些中国的流行歌曲？
(2)What/How about…？……怎么样？
“What/How abo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut…？”表示“……怎么样？”about是介词，因而此句型后要接名词、代词或v ing，用来询问对方的情况或征求对方的意见。eg：
What/How about joining the school English club？加入学校的英语俱乐部怎么样？
What should ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I get my mom for her birthday？Why________get her a scarf？(2013，贵阳)
A．don't you B．do you C．are you
【解析】A。Why don't you后面接动词原形，意为“为什么不做某事呢？”，故选A。
【即时演练】
Ⅰ.单项选择。
1．—Why not__A__to the park now
—Good idea！Let's go.(2013，湛江)
A．go B．to go C．goes D．going
2．—__A__go out for a picnic next Saturday
—Good idea.(2013，铜仁)
A．Why not B．How about
C．Would you like to D．Let's
3．—Why not__A__John a toy car for his birthday
—Good idea！He is crazy about cars.(2012，徐州)
A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．buys
Ⅱ.按要求完成句子，每空一词。
4．晚饭后为什么不出去散步？(汉译英)(2012，滨州)
Why not go out for a walk after supper
5．Shall we have a picnic at the weekend？(改为同义句)(2011，乐山)
What/How about having a picnic at the weekend
6．我喜欢北京的秋天。你呢？(汉译英)(2011，北京)
I like the autumn in Beijing.What/How about you
四、Instead he watche ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s whatever he wants until late at night.相反，晚上无论他想看什么就看到很晚。
【考点精讲】
(1)instead作副词，意为“代替；反而；却”，修饰整个句子作状语。eg：
He never works，instead he plays all day and all night.他从不工作，却整日整夜地玩。
【辨析】instead，instead of
◆instead为副词，常放在句首或句末。eg：
I don't like tea，so give me coffee instead.我不喜欢茶，所以给我咖啡。
The class didn't smile.Instead，they all made faces.同学们没有笑。反而他们都做鬼脸。
◆instead of后跟名词、代词或动名词，表示“代替……，而不是……”。eg：
I'll go instead of him.我将代替他去。
He played the whole afternoon instead of doing his homework.他玩了一下午而没有做他的家庭作业。
(2)whatever作代词，意为“任何事物；无论什么”，引导名词性从句。eg：
You can eat whatever you like.你愿意吃什么就吃什么。
Whatever I have is yours.我拥有的任何东西都是你的。
You may do whatever you like.你可以做你喜欢的任何事。
【拓展】whatever作连接代词，意为“无论什么”，引导让步状语从句。eg：
Don't change your plans，whatever happens.无论发生什么事，都不要改变你的计划。
1．We have no coffee.Let's have tea________．
A．either B．however
C．yet D．instead
【解析】D。either“也”，只用于 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )否定句；however“然而”，表转折关系；yet“还、尚”，常用于现在完成时的疑问句或否定句中；instead“代替”。句意：我们没有咖啡。咱们喝茶吧。故选D。
2．We must try our best(无论什么)we do.(2012，白银)
【解析】whatever。句意：无论我们做什么，我们必须尽力。
【即时演练】
Ⅰ.单项选择。
1．—Let's go swimming __D___ going hiking，shall we
—Good idea.(2013，黔西南)
A．as well as B．in order to
C．instead D．instead of
2．__A__you do，don ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )'t miss this exhibition，for it's so hard for me to get the tickets.
A．Whatever B．However
C．Whenever D．Whether
3．—How will she deal with the work
—She doesn't want to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) do it by herself.She wants to ask someone else to do it __B__．
A．yet B．instead C．too D．either
Ⅱ.完成句子。
4．你能拿走你需要的任何东西。
You can takewhatever you need．
5．不管发生什么事，我都不会改变主意。
Whatever happens，I won't change my mind.
6．让我们去远足而不是待在家里。(2014，益阳)
Let's go hiking instead of staying at home.
五、【辨析】borrow/lend/keep
【考点精讲】
◆borrow表示“借进”，即说话人向别人借东西供自己用，常用于borrow sth. from sb./somewhere结构。eg：
He borrowed a dictionary from me yesterday.昨天他从我这里借了本词典。
◆lend表示“借出”，即说话人把自己的东西借给别人用，常用于lend sth. to sb.或lend sb. sth.结构。eg：
—Can I borrow this book？我可以借这本书吗？
—Yes，but you mustn't lend it to others.可以，但你不许借给别人。
Can you lend me that book for a few days？你能把那本书借给我几天吗？
◆keep本意为“保存，保留”，引申 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为“借用”，可以和一段时间及how long等连用。borrow和lend是终止性动词，不能与表示延续性的时间状语连用。eg：
—How long may I keep this book？这本书我可以借多长时间？
—Two weeks.两周。
May I________your bike，please？I'll give it back to you soon.(2013，大连)
A．touch B．bring C．borrow D．buy
【解析】C。句意：我可以借你的自行车吗？很快我就会还你。表示“借入”用borrow，故选C。
【即时演练】
Ⅰ.单项选择。
1．—Can I__B__your bike
—With pleasure.But you mustn't______it to others.( 2013，宁波)
A．lend；borrow B．borrow；lend
C．lend；lend D．borrow；borrow
2．—How long may I__A__the book？(2013，天水)
—Just one day.I will return it to Mary tomorrow.
A．keep B．borrow C．lend D．kept
3．—I want to borrow the book，but I don't know how long it may__D__．
—For two weeks.(2013，十堰)
A．keep B．be borrowed
C．borrow D．be kept
4．She__B__the book______two days ago.(2013，绥化)
A．has borrowed；since B．has kept；since
C．kept；for
Ⅱ.根据句意，用borrow，lend或keep的适当形式填空。
5．Can youlend me your bike
6．She oftenborrows books from the school library.
7．I cankeep the dictionary for two weeks.
★★写作专题——调查报告★★
一、要点入门
调查报告一般分前言、主体、结论三部分。写调查报告时，要注意以下三点：
1．调查通常有特定的目标，所以调查报告要围绕该目标展开。
2．调查报告中阐述的事实和观点都要来自调查的结果。
3．调查报告的最后要给出基本结论。
二、典型例题
随着网络技术的不断发展，人们传递信息的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )方式也在不断变化。针对“使用纸质卡片还是电子卡片”的话题，你上周在你班展开了一项调查。请根据下表提示，写一份调查报告，介绍此次调查的结果并发表自己的观点。100词左右。
使用纸质卡片还是电子卡片？
约30%的同学愿意使用纸质卡片，原因有：
1.手工制作、激励更多地使用
2.携带方便、便于保存
3.…… 约70%的同学愿意使用电子卡片，原因有：
1.信息量大、快捷分享
2.节约纸张、利于环保
3.…… 你的观点
(至少2点)
【思路点拨】
本调查报告的开头已给出，接着要阐述调查结果和发表个人观点。首先介绍纸质卡片的优点，然后再介绍电子卡片的优点。注意二者的两个优点分别已给出，第三个优点需要合理想象，如纸质卡片阅读起来方便、电子卡片可以自由设计等。最后要发表自己的见解。在列举优点时可用first，second，third等列举。
【写作模版】
About 70% like to use…First，…
Besides，…What's more，…Ｋ
【满分范文】
I_made_a_survey ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_about_whether_to_use_paper_cards_or_e cards_in_our_class.
About 30% of the st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )udents like to use paper cards.First，they make them themselves so they use them more.Second，paper cards can be carried everywhere and kept for a long time.Third，people can read them without computers.
The others like to us ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e e cards.First，e cards carry much information and can be shared quickly.Besides，using e cards can save paper.In this way we can help protect the environment.What's more，people can make different designs of e cards they like.
Although I pre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fer to use e cards，however，in my view，as long as we make good use of cards，both kinds of cards will help us a lot.
重点词汇 1.fold(v.)折叠；对折2．sweep(v.)打扫3．mess(n.)杂乱；不整洁4．finger(n.)手指5．provide(n.)提供；供应6．drop(v.)落下；掉下7．allow(v.)允许；准许8．instead(adv.)代替；反而；却 9.nervous(adj.)焦虑的；担忧的10．offer(v.)主动提供；自愿给予11．explain(v.)解释；说明12．copy(v.)抄袭；模仿；复印；复制13．return(v.)归还；回来14．member(n.)成员；分子15．continue(v.)持续；继续存在16．cause(v.)造成；引起
词汇拓展 1.waste→wasteful2．usual→(反义词)unusual→usually3．second→secondly 4.develop→(形容词)developed；developing→发展；发育development5．fair→(反义词)unfair→公正性fairness6．argue→(名词)argument
重点短语 1.倒垃圾take out the rubbish2．频繁；反复all the time3．一……就……as soon as4．目的是in order to5．依靠depend on6．照顾take care of 7.浏览look through8．解决work out9．关系良好；和睦相处get on with10．删除cut out11．比较compare…with12．依……看in one's opinion
重点句型 1.Could Iat least finishwatching this show？我至少看完这个节目行吗？2．Shewon't be happy if shesees this mess．如果她看到这样不整洁，她会不高兴的。3．Shedidn't do any housework andneither did I.她没有做家务活，我也没有做。 4.My parents don't al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )low me tohang out with my friends.我父母不允许我和朋友们一起出去闲逛。5．Insteadhewatches wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atever he wantsuntil late at night.相反地，他看他想看的任何节目，一直到深夜。6．Others arepractising sportsso that they cancompete and win.其他人在训练体育，以便他们能参加竞赛获胜。
一、根据句意及汉语提示，填入恰当的单词。
1．He didn'treturn(回来)home until ten o'clock.
2．Mrs. Black and Mrs. White are both myneighbors(邻居)．
3．What amess(杂乱)！Clean it up.
4．His mother is alwayscomparing(比较)him with his classmate Bill.
5．You should explain(解释) that you don't mind him watching TV all the time.
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
6．Miss Wang l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oves her students，and she usuallycommunicates(communication)with them.
7．Laura's friend Rose is a typical(type)Russian girl.
8．Li Mingswept(sweep)the floor yesterday.
9．Why did Peter refuseto_make(make) his bed
10．—Is Paul yourelder(old)brother，Tony
—Yes.He is two years older than me.
三、根据汉语完成句子，每空一词。
11．请饭后把垃圾倒了。
Pleasetake out the rubbish after dinner.
12．珍妮和她的朋友们关系不好。
Jenny doesn't get on with her friends.
13．她早早出发了，为的是能及时到达那里。
She started earlyin order to arrive there in time.
14．我们的计划取决于我们要去哪儿。
Our plandepends on where we will go.
15．在周末，我过去常常和朋友们闲逛。
I used tohang out with friends on weekends.
一、Could you please clean your room？请你打扫一下你的房间，好吗？
【考点精讲】
本句中的“Can/Could you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )please＋动词原形……”意为“你能……吗？”，相当于“Will/Would you please＋动词原形……”该句型常用来向别人有礼貌地提出要求，要求对方做某事或委婉地提出看法。对这个句型作肯定回答时用“Sure/Certainly”等，否定回答为“Sorry，I can't”或“Sorry”然后陈述理由。eg：
—Could you please sweep the floor？请你打扫一下地板，好吗？
—Yes，of course.是的，当然可以。
【注意】Can/Could/Will/Would you please后面接动词原形，其否定形式是在动词原形前加not。eg：
Would you please not open the door？请你不要开门，好吗？
—Sir，could you please put out your cigarette？This is a smoke free(无烟的)school.
—________(2013，菏泽)
A．I'm sorry about this. B．No problem.
C．Sure，I'd love to. D．Never mind.
【解析】A。选项A“我对此表示歉意 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )”，选项B“没问题”，选项C“当然了，我很乐意”，选项D“不要紧”。由第一句“先生，请您熄灭烟好吗？这是一所无烟学校”可知答句应选A。
【即时演练】
Ⅰ.单项选择。
1．—__A__you sing an English song
—Yes，I can.(2013，武汉)
A．Can B．May C．Must D．Need
2．—Could I borrow your camera？(2013，黄冈)
—__B__，but please give it back by Saturday.
A．I am sorry B．Of course
C．Certainly not D．No，thanks
3．—Could you please pass me the dictionary
—__B__．(2013，黔西南)
A．Yes，could B．Sure，here you are
C．No，I couldn't D．No，that's no problem
4．—Would you please help me with my writing skills
—__C__．You can come to my office every Saturday.(2014，达州)
A．That's all right B．Not at all
C．No problem D．No，thanks
二、For one week，sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e did not do any housework and neither did I．一个星期，她没做家务活，我也没有做。
【考点精讲】
“neither＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示“……也不”。neither此处用作副词，意为“也不”。eg：
He doesn't like swimming and neither do I．他不喜欢游泳，我也不喜欢。
You can't speak Japanese and neither can I．你不会说日语，我也不会。
【注意】“so＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示“……也是”。
【拓展】①neither作代词，意为“(两者)都不”。eg：
Neither of my parents is at home.我父母亲两个都不在家。
②neither作形容词，与名词单数连用，意为“(两者)都不的”。eg：
Neither answer is right.两个答案都不对。
③neither…nor…意为“既不……也不……”。eg：
The room is neither big nor bright.这个房间既不大也不明亮。
Neither you nor I am right.你不对，我也不对。
I can't play the piano，and________．(2013，黄石)
A．neither can my sister B．my sister can't，too
C．so can't my sister D．can my sister，either
【解析】A。句意：我不会弹钢琴，我妹妹也不会 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。以neither开头的句子，表示“……也不”时，句子要倒装，其句型结构为：neither＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语。故选A。
【即时演练】
Ⅰ.单项选择。
1．—I don't like documentaries.
—__C__．(2013，乌鲁木齐)
A．So do I B．So I do
C．Neither do I D．Either do I
2.—I'm not going swimming tomorrow afternoon.
—__B__．I have to clean up my bedroom.(2013，兰州)
A．So am I B．Neither am I
C．Neither I am D．So I am
3．—I'd like you to tell me something about Shen Nongjia.(2013，孝感)
—I'm sorry，but neither Jack nor I__A__there.
A．have been B．has been
C．have gone D．has gone
4．Neither my sister nor I__A__been to America before.(2013，安顺)
A．have ever B．have never
C．has ever D．has never
Ⅱ.根据汉语完成句子，每空一词。
5．如果她不去，我也不去。
If she doesn't go，neither will I.
6．我和他都不认识那个人。
Neither I nor heknows the man.
三、Why don't you talk to your parents？你为什么不和你的父母交谈？
【考点精讲】
Why don't you…？表达的意思是“你为什么不……？”，表示肯定的意思。eg：
Why don't you buy a suit for your husband？你为何不给你丈夫买一套西服呢？
表示提建议的句型还有：
(1)Why not…？为什么不……？
Why not后接动词原形，该句型是“Why don't you…？”的缩写形式，两者表示的意思相同。eg：
Why not learn some Chinese pop songs？为何不学一些中国的流行歌曲？
(2)What/How about…？……怎么样？
“What/How abo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut…？”表示“……怎么样？”about是介词，因而此句型后要接名词、代词或v ing，用来询问对方的情况或征求对方的意见。eg：
What/How about joining the school English club？加入学校的英语俱乐部怎么样？
What should ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I get my mom for her birthday？Why________get her a scarf？(2013，贵阳)
A．don't you B．do you C．are you
【解析】A。Why don't you后面接动词原形，意为“为什么不做某事呢？”，故选A。
【即时演练】
Ⅰ.单项选择。
1．—Why not__A__to the park now
—Good idea！Let's go.(2013，湛江)
A．go B．to go C．goes D．going
2．—__A__go out for a picnic next Saturday
—Good idea.(2013，铜仁)
A．Why not B．How about
C．Would you like to D．Let's
3．—Why not__A__John a toy car for his birthday
—Good idea！He is crazy about cars.(2012，徐州)
A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．buys
Ⅱ.按要求完成句子，每空一词。
4．晚饭后为什么不出去散步？(汉译英)(2012，滨州)
Why not go out for a walk after supper
5．Shall we have a picnic at the weekend？(改为同义句)(2011，乐山)
What/How about having a picnic at the weekend
6．我喜欢北京的秋天。你呢？(汉译英)(2011，北京)
I like the autumn in Beijing.What/How about you
四、Instead he watche ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s whatever he wants until late at night.相反，晚上无论他想看什么就看到很晚。
【考点精讲】
(1)instead作副词，意为“代替；反而；却”，修饰整个句子作状语。eg：
He never works，instead he plays all day and all night.他从不工作，却整日整夜地玩。
【辨析】instead，instead of
◆instead为副词，常放在句首或句末。eg：
I don't like tea，so give me coffee instead.我不喜欢茶，所以给我咖啡。
The class didn't smile.Instead，they all made faces.同学们没有笑。反而他们都做鬼脸。
◆instead of后跟名词、代词或动名词，表示“代替……，而不是……”。eg：
I'll go instead of him.我将代替他去。
He played the whole afternoon instead of doing his homework.他玩了一下午而没有做他的家庭作业。
(2)whatever作代词，意为“任何事物；无论什么”，引导名词性从句。eg：
You can eat whatever you like.你愿意吃什么就吃什么。
Whatever I have is yours.我拥有的任何东西都是你的。
You may do whatever you like.你可以做你喜欢的任何事。
【拓展】whatever作连接代词，意为“无论什么”，引导让步状语从句。eg：
Don't change your plans，whatever happens.无论发生什么事，都不要改变你的计划。
1．We have no coffee.Let's have tea________．
A．either B．however
C．yet D．instead
【解析】D。either“也”，只用于 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )否定句；however“然而”，表转折关系；yet“还、尚”，常用于现在完成时的疑问句或否定句中；instead“代替”。句意：我们没有咖啡。咱们喝茶吧。故选D。
2．We must try our best(无论什么)we do.(2012，白银)
【解析】whatever。句意：无论我们做什么，我们必须尽力。
【即时演练】
Ⅰ.单项选择。
1．—Let's go swimming __D___ going hiking，shall we
—Good idea.(2013，黔西南)
A．as well as B．in order to
C．instead D．instead of
2．__A__you do，don ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )'t miss this exhibition，for it's so hard for me to get the tickets.
A．Whatever B．However
C．Whenever D．Whether
3．—How will she deal with the work
—She doesn't want to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) do it by herself.She wants to ask someone else to do it __B__．
A．yet B．instead C．too D．either
Ⅱ.完成句子。
4．你能拿走你需要的任何东西。
You can takewhatever you need．
5．不管发生什么事，我都不会改变主意。
Whatever happens，I won't change my mind.
6．让我们去远足而不是待在家里。(2014，益阳)
Let's go hiking instead of staying at home.
五、【辨析】borrow/lend/keep
【考点精讲】
◆borrow表示“借进”，即说话人向别人借东西供自己用，常用于borrow sth. from sb./somewhere结构。eg：
He borrowed a dictionary from me yesterday.昨天他从我这里借了本词典。
◆lend表示“借出”，即说话人把自己的东西借给别人用，常用于lend sth. to sb.或lend sb. sth.结构。eg：
—Can I borrow this book？我可以借这本书吗？
—Yes，but you mustn't lend it to others.可以，但你不许借给别人。
Can you lend me that book for a few days？你能把那本书借给我几天吗？
◆keep本意为“保存，保留”，引申 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为“借用”，可以和一段时间及how long等连用。borrow和lend是终止性动词，不能与表示延续性的时间状语连用。eg：
—How long may I keep this book？这本书我可以借多长时间？
—Two weeks.两周。
May I________your bike，please？I'll give it back to you soon.(2013，大连)
A．touch B．bring C．borrow D．buy
【解析】C。句意：我可以借你的自行车吗？很快我就会还你。表示“借入”用borrow，故选C。
【即时演练】
Ⅰ.单项选择。
1．—Can I__B__your bike
—With pleasure.But you mustn't______it to others.( 2013，宁波)
A．lend；borrow B．borrow；lend
C．lend；lend D．borrow；borrow
2．—How long may I__A__the book？(2013，天水)
—Just one day.I will return it to Mary tomorrow.
A．keep B．borrow C．lend D．kept
3．—I want to borrow the book，but I don't know how long it may__D__．
—For two weeks.(2013，十堰)
A．keep B．be borrowed
C．borrow D．be kept
4．She__B__the book______two days ago.(2013，绥化)
A．has borrowed；since B．has kept；since
C．kept；for
Ⅱ.根据句意，用borrow，lend或keep的适当形式填空。
5．Can youlend me your bike
6．She oftenborrows books from the school library.
7．I cankeep the dictionary for two weeks.
★★写作专题——调查报告★★
一、要点入门
调查报告一般分前言、主体、结论三部分。写调查报告时，要注意以下三点：
1．调查通常有特定的目标，所以调查报告要围绕该目标展开。
2．调查报告中阐述的事实和观点都要来自调查的结果。
3．调查报告的最后要给出基本结论。
二、典型例题
随着网络技术的不断发展，人们传递信息的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )方式也在不断变化。针对“使用纸质卡片还是电子卡片”的话题，你上周在你班展开了一项调查。请根据下表提示，写一份调查报告，介绍此次调查的结果并发表自己的观点。100词左右。
使用纸质卡片还是电子卡片？
约30%的同学愿意使用纸质卡片，原因有：
1.手工制作、激励更多地使用
2.携带方便、便于保存
3.…… 约70%的同学愿意使用电子卡片，原因有：
1.信息量大、快捷分享
2.节约纸张、利于环保
3.…… 你的观点
(至少2点)
【思路点拨】
本调查报告的开头已给出，接着要阐述调查结果和发表个人观点。首先介绍纸质卡片的优点，然后再介绍电子卡片的优点。注意二者的两个优点分别已给出，第三个优点需要合理想象，如纸质卡片阅读起来方便、电子卡片可以自由设计等。最后要发表自己的见解。在列举优点时可用first，second，third等列举。
【写作模版】
About 70% like to use…First，…
Besides，…What's more，…Ｋ
【满分范文】
I_made_a_survey ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_about_whether_to_use_paper_cards_or_e cards_in_our_class.
About 30% of the st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )udents like to use paper cards.First，they make them themselves so they use them more.Second，paper cards can be carried everywhere and kept for a long time.Third，people can read them without computers.
The others like to us ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e e cards.First，e cards carry much information and can be shared quickly.Besides，using e cards can save paper.In this way we can help protect the environment.What's more，people can make different designs of e cards they like.
Although I pre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fer to use e cards，however，in my view，as long as we make good use of cards，both kinds of cards will help us a lot.