牛津译林版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 2 Be sporty,be healthy Welcome to the unit & Reading 课件(共35张PPT)
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| 名称 | 牛津译林版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 2 Be sporty,be healthy Welcome to the unit & Reading 课件(共35张PPT) |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-11-22 17:02:50 | ||
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(共35张PPT)
Section A Welcome to the unit & Reading
01
语篇研读·文本脉络全明晰
第一步 速读课文 理清脉络
Ⅰ.Match each paragraph with its main idea.
[答案] Para 1—B; Para 2—E; Para 3—D; Para 4—C; Para 5—A
第二步 精读课文 领悟细节
Ⅱ.Choose the best answer.
1. Which of the following is not the benefit of exercise ( )
C
A. It increases the efficiency of your heart and lungs.
B. It improves certain brain functions.
C. It helps you make more friends.
D. It can help you have better immune systems.
2. To avoid injury, you should do the following except ___.
D
A. wearing proper clothes and equipment
B. warming up before beginning a difficult activity
C. starting small
D. eating immediately after exercise
3. What's the author's attitude to exercise ( )
A
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Ignorant.
4. What is the text type of the passage ( )
C
A. Narration. B. Argumentative writing.
C. Expository writing. D. Practical writing.
第三步 深读课文 融会提能
Ⅲ.Analyze and translate the sentences.
1. Some studies even show that exercise improves certain brain functions, meaning
you could actually exercise your way to better performance at school!
［句式分析］本句是主从复合句。that引导 __________，分词短语meaning...作
______，meaning后跟省略了that的 __________。
［尝试翻译］_______________________________________________________________
______________________
宾语从句
状语
宾语从句
一些研究甚至表明锻炼会改善大脑的某些功能，这意味着你确实可以通过锻炼来提高学业成绩!
2. When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing to consider is what you expect
to improve：heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility.
［句式分析］本句是主从复合句。句中When引导 ______________；不定式to consider
作the first thing的 __________；what引导 __________。
［尝试翻译］_______________________________________________________________
___________________________
时间状语从句
后置定语
表语从句
制订锻炼计划时，首先要考虑的是你期望在哪些方面有所改善，是心肺功能，肌肉力量还是柔韧性。
3. To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and
equipment when exercising.
［句式分析］本句是主从复合句。句中不定式短语To prevent soft tissue injury作
__________；that引导 __________；when exercising是 __________的省略。
［尝试翻译］__________________________________________________________
目的状语
宾语从句
状语从句
为了避免软组织受伤，确保你在锻炼时穿戴合适的衣服和护具。
Ⅳ.Text summary.
Regular exercise 1._____（do） wonders for people's physical and mental health.
It can increase the 2.__________（efficient） of your heart and lungs. It tends
3.___________（improve） your immune system.4.__________, it helps to reduce
stress and negative feelings.
When planning an exercise routine, it is wise of you to consider first 5.______
you'd like to improve, such as heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility.
Then choose activities you enjoy and stick with them. However, that's not enough.
You should eat and drink right and prevent 6.______（injury）.Eat foods
7.__________（contain） carbohydrates to keep up your energy. Eat foods rich in
does
efficiency
to improve
Moreover
what
injury
containing
protein to help to recover and repair your muscles. But don't eat 8.____________
（immediate） after exercise. You can drink throughout exercise to make up 9.____
water lost to sweat. Last but not least, 10.______（wear） proper clothes and
equipment and remember to warm up to prevent injury. You should also start small
and slowly form your regular exercise routine.
immediately
for
wear
02
基础落实·必备知识全过关
Ⅰ.重点单词
1. _______ n.病，疾病
disease
2. _________ adv.此外，而且
moreover
3. _______ vt.减少，缩小
reduce
4. _______ n.常规，惯例
adj.常规的，例行的；乏味的
routine
5. _______ vt.& vi.伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；（使）延伸
stretch
6. ______ n.（变动或浮动的）范围，界限，区间；一系列
range
7. ________ n.平均水平，一般水准
adj.平均的；典型的
average
8. __________ prep.自始至终；各处，遍及
throughout
9. ______ n.汗水 vt.& vi.出汗，流汗
sweat
10. _________ vt.维持；维修，保养
maintain
11. _______ n.（美）足球运动
soccer
12. ____ n.蝙蝠；球棒，球板
vt.& vi.用球棒（板）击球
bat
13. __________ n.跳伞运动
skydiving
14. _______ n.肌肉，肌
muscle
15. ________ n.慢跑锻炼
jogging
16. ___________ n.体操，体操训练
gymnastics
17. ______ n.汽油
petrol
18. _______ n.蛋白质
protein
19. _____________ n.祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺→ ____________ v.祝贺; 恭喜; 庆贺
→ _____________ adj.庆祝的; 祝贺的
congratulation
congratulate
congratulatory
20. ________ vt.假定，认为；承担（责任），就（职）；呈现，显露→ ___________
n.设想, 假定; 承担; 担任→ _________ adj.假装的; 假定的, 设想的; 假冒的
assume
assumption
assumed
21. _____ vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看→ _________ n.趋向, 倾向
tend
tendency
22. __________ n.活动，转动；移动；运动 → ______ v.移动; 运行; 离开
movement
move
23. _______ n.能，能量；精力；能源→ _________ adj.精力充沛的; 积极的
energy
energetic
24. ______ n.伤害, 损伤→ ______ v.伤害; 毁坏; 损害→ _______ adj.受损害的; 受
伤的
injury
injure
injured
25. ________ vt.阻止，阻碍→ __________ n.预防, 防止→ __________ adj.预防的,
妨碍的, 做预防的
prevent
prevention
preventive
26. __________ n.设备；配备，装备→ ______ v.装备; 训练; 配备
equipment
equip
27. _____ n.缺乏，匮乏，短缺 vt.& vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺→ ________ adj.缺
乏的; 不足的
lack
lacking
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. ______________ 强身健体
get into shape
2. ____________创造奇迹，产生神奇作用
do wonders
3. __________________长期
over the long term
4. _________克服；恢复
get over
5. __________持续，坚持
stick with
6. ________保持；维持
keep up
7. __________富含
be rich in
8. __________总之；通常；一般而言
in general
9. ____________弥补，补偿
make up for
10. ________ 受伤
get hurt
11. _________ 热身；变暖
warm up
12. ________ 支持；倒退
back up
Ⅲ.重点句式
1. 特殊疑问词+不定式
____________（什么时候吃东西） is also of great importance.
When to eat
2. 状语从句中的省略
To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment
_______________（在锻炼的时候）.
when exercising
03
重难探究·能力素养全提升
重点词汇——讲练互动
1. assume vt.假定，认为；承担（责任），就（职）；呈现，显露
●assume sb/sth to be...认为某人/某事……
It is assumed that...人们认为……
●assuming conj.假设……为真;假如
assuming （that）...假设……
●assumption n.假定;假设;担任;（权力的）获得
on the assumption that...假定……
make the assumption that...假设……
①We assume that when it comes to brain power, more must be better.我们认为当谈到脑力的时候, 脑力越多越好。
②Even assuming that smokers do see the health warnings, I doubt they'll take any notice.即使假设吸烟者确实看到了健康警告，我怀疑他们是否会注意到。
③People make the assumption that if someone important and respected says that something is right, then it must be so.人们想当然地认为，如果某个重要的、受人尊敬的人说某件事是对的，那么这件事就一定是对的。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句型转换
①__________（assume） that the weather is favorable, farmers will have a yield.
Assuming
②We must assume him ______（be） innocent until he is proved guilty.
to be
③We are working on the ___________（assume） that it was a gas explosion.
assumption
④People assume that what they do has little effect on the environment.
→_________________ what people do has little effect on the environment.（it作形式
主语）
It is assumed that
2. tend vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看
●tend to do sth往往会做某事
tend to/towards sth趋向某事;倾向某事
tend （to） sb/sth照顾/护理某人/某物
●tendency n.倾向, 趋势
have a tendency to do sth有做某事的倾向
①（2021·全国乙卷）Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each;gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.就连足球迷也有自己的座位; 成千上万人站着看比赛的日子一去不复返了。
②People who sleep in the fetal position tend towards worry and anxiety.胎儿式睡姿的人容易焦虑不安。
③I have a tendency to talk too much when I'm nervous.我一紧张就会说太多话。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译
①She tended ___ her mother during her long illness.
to
②据报道，房价在某些城市有下降的趋势。
→It is reported that housing prices ________________ in some cities.（tend）
→It is reported that housing prices __________________________ in some cities.
（tendency）
tend to decrease
have a tendency to decrease
3. make up for 弥补，补偿
●make up编造，杜撰；组成，构成；化妆；铺（床）
●make out辨认；弄清；理解
●be made up of由……组成/构成
be made of/from由……制成
be made into把……制成……
be made out of由……制成
●make it获得成功；约定时间
①As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.因此，人们会吃更多的食物，试图弥补缺失的东西。
②We made up our beds immediately after getting up.我们一起床就把床铺整理好。
③He could just make out a dark shape moving towards him.他隐约看到有个黑影朝他走来。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子
①I lack work experience, but I'm sure I can make up ____ it in the future.
for
②This medical team is made up ___ one doctor and two nurses.
of
③His book reached an even wider audience when it was made _____ a movie.
into
④For the next meeting, let's make ___ the day after tomorrow.
it
⑤司机开始加速，以弥补在交通阻塞中失去的时间。
The driver began to speed up ____________________________
he'd lost in the traffic jams.
to make up for the lost hours
4. prevent vt.阻止，阻碍
●prevent （doing） sth阻止（做）某事
prevent sb（from） doing sth阻止某人做某事
●prevention n.预防;防止;防范
●preventable adj.（疾病）可预防的;（死亡）可避免的
●stop sb （from） doing sth阻止某人做某事
keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事
① （2022·新高考Ⅱ卷）David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children.大卫患有一种脑部疾病，使他不能像其他孩子一样走路或跑步。
②In order to prevent this case coming about again, we should improve our awareness of saving and recycling water.为了防止这种情况再次发生，我们应该提高节约用水和循环水的意识。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子
①(2020·天津卷)It ________（prevent） people who are cut off from society falling
victim to cheaters.
prevents
②__________（prevent） also plays a central role in traditional medicine.
Prevention
③Nothing would prevent him/his _________（speak） out against injustice.
speaking
④其公民可能会被阻止离开该国。
Its nationals _____________________________ the country.
may be prevented from leaving
5. lack n.缺乏，匮乏，短缺 vt.& vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺
●a/the lack of...缺少……
●lack （for） sth.缺少某物
●for lack of...因缺少……
have no lack of...不缺乏……
●lacking adj.缺乏的;没有的
be lacking in...缺少……
①Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper treatment.后来, 他在非洲工作, 那里许多人由于缺乏适当的治疗而失明。
②Even though people are confined in the restricted land, there is no lack of ways for weekending.虽然人们被限制在这有限的土地上，度周末的方法也还不至于匮乏。
③Although she is rich in knowledge, she is lacking in practical experience.虽然她知识丰富, 但是她缺少实践经验。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子
①Apparently, he was________（lack） in mathematical training.
lacking
②Many small plants in that country closed down ____ lack of fuel.
for
③Many families live a tough life because of ______ lack of money.
a/the
④Though ________（lack） money, he sent his son to college.
lacking
⑤她感到紧张, 对自己越来越没有信心。
She felt nervous, increasingly __________ confidence in herself.
lacking in
重点句式——多维剖析
1. 特殊疑问词+不定式
【教材原句】When to eat is also of great importance.什么时候吃东西也是很重要的。
“疑问词+不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。
●在“疑问词+不定式”结构中, 不定式一般用主动式而不用被动式。
●why或why not后接不定式时, 常省略不定式符号to。
●whether后可接不定式, 而if不可以。
①Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc.许多人疯狂地试图弄清楚如何与朋友、家人、工作、娱乐等相处。
②（2021·浙江1月卷）I just didn't know what to say， because I never thought seeing my mother would ever come true.我只是不知道该说些什么，因为我从没想过见到我母亲会成为现实。
③（2021·新高考Ⅰ卷）If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel.如果我只能推荐一个在罗马可以住的地方，那就是黄色旅社。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句型转换
①When and where ________（hold） the meeting remains to be discussed further.
to hold
②No one could tell me where _______（buy） the interesting book.
to buy
③I don't know how I can polish the play.
→I don't know _____________________.（疑问词+不定式）
how to polish the play
2. 状语从句中的省略
【教材原句】To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising.为了避免软组织受伤，确保你在运动时穿戴合适的衣服和设备。
句中 when exercising 是省略句， when后省略了you are。当when，while，if，unless，once等引导状语从句时，若从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句主语是it，且从句的谓语部分含有be动词的某种形式时，从句的主语和be动词可以省略。
①（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）Now, when having trouble in learning English well, plenty of students urge to know how to deal with it.现在，学习英语遇到困难时，很多学生都渴望知道如何处理它。
②（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷）Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos.美国人仍然在开车时发短信，也使用社交网络和拍照。
③（2022·全国甲卷）Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.虽然在野外还不知道它们会使用工具，但在笼子里的时候，这些鸟已经证明了它们熟练地使用工具。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句型转换
①You must keep these points in mind while _______（set） your goals.
setting
②When ______（ask）, she confirmed that she was going to retire.
asked
③If _________（interest） in it, you may email your application to us.
interested
④Li Jiang and Su Hua don't agree on what to wear when they greet the British
students.
→Li Jiang and Su Hua don't agree on what to wear __________________________
________.（状语从句的省略）
when greeting the British students
Section A Welcome to the unit & Reading
01
语篇研读·文本脉络全明晰
第一步 速读课文 理清脉络
Ⅰ.Match each paragraph with its main idea.
[答案] Para 1—B; Para 2—E; Para 3—D; Para 4—C; Para 5—A
第二步 精读课文 领悟细节
Ⅱ.Choose the best answer.
1. Which of the following is not the benefit of exercise ( )
C
A. It increases the efficiency of your heart and lungs.
B. It improves certain brain functions.
C. It helps you make more friends.
D. It can help you have better immune systems.
2. To avoid injury, you should do the following except ___.
D
A. wearing proper clothes and equipment
B. warming up before beginning a difficult activity
C. starting small
D. eating immediately after exercise
3. What's the author's attitude to exercise ( )
A
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Ignorant.
4. What is the text type of the passage ( )
C
A. Narration. B. Argumentative writing.
C. Expository writing. D. Practical writing.
第三步 深读课文 融会提能
Ⅲ.Analyze and translate the sentences.
1. Some studies even show that exercise improves certain brain functions, meaning
you could actually exercise your way to better performance at school!
［句式分析］本句是主从复合句。that引导 __________，分词短语meaning...作
______，meaning后跟省略了that的 __________。
［尝试翻译］_______________________________________________________________
______________________
宾语从句
状语
宾语从句
一些研究甚至表明锻炼会改善大脑的某些功能，这意味着你确实可以通过锻炼来提高学业成绩!
2. When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing to consider is what you expect
to improve：heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility.
［句式分析］本句是主从复合句。句中When引导 ______________；不定式to consider
作the first thing的 __________；what引导 __________。
［尝试翻译］_______________________________________________________________
___________________________
时间状语从句
后置定语
表语从句
制订锻炼计划时，首先要考虑的是你期望在哪些方面有所改善，是心肺功能，肌肉力量还是柔韧性。
3. To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and
equipment when exercising.
［句式分析］本句是主从复合句。句中不定式短语To prevent soft tissue injury作
__________；that引导 __________；when exercising是 __________的省略。
［尝试翻译］__________________________________________________________
目的状语
宾语从句
状语从句
为了避免软组织受伤，确保你在锻炼时穿戴合适的衣服和护具。
Ⅳ.Text summary.
Regular exercise 1._____（do） wonders for people's physical and mental health.
It can increase the 2.__________（efficient） of your heart and lungs. It tends
3.___________（improve） your immune system.4.__________, it helps to reduce
stress and negative feelings.
When planning an exercise routine, it is wise of you to consider first 5.______
you'd like to improve, such as heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility.
Then choose activities you enjoy and stick with them. However, that's not enough.
You should eat and drink right and prevent 6.______（injury）.Eat foods
7.__________（contain） carbohydrates to keep up your energy. Eat foods rich in
does
efficiency
to improve
Moreover
what
injury
containing
protein to help to recover and repair your muscles. But don't eat 8.____________
（immediate） after exercise. You can drink throughout exercise to make up 9.____
water lost to sweat. Last but not least, 10.______（wear） proper clothes and
equipment and remember to warm up to prevent injury. You should also start small
and slowly form your regular exercise routine.
immediately
for
wear
02
基础落实·必备知识全过关
Ⅰ.重点单词
1. _______ n.病，疾病
disease
2. _________ adv.此外，而且
moreover
3. _______ vt.减少，缩小
reduce
4. _______ n.常规，惯例
adj.常规的，例行的；乏味的
routine
5. _______ vt.& vi.伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；（使）延伸
stretch
6. ______ n.（变动或浮动的）范围，界限，区间；一系列
range
7. ________ n.平均水平，一般水准
adj.平均的；典型的
average
8. __________ prep.自始至终；各处，遍及
throughout
9. ______ n.汗水 vt.& vi.出汗，流汗
sweat
10. _________ vt.维持；维修，保养
maintain
11. _______ n.（美）足球运动
soccer
12. ____ n.蝙蝠；球棒，球板
vt.& vi.用球棒（板）击球
bat
13. __________ n.跳伞运动
skydiving
14. _______ n.肌肉，肌
muscle
15. ________ n.慢跑锻炼
jogging
16. ___________ n.体操，体操训练
gymnastics
17. ______ n.汽油
petrol
18. _______ n.蛋白质
protein
19. _____________ n.祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺→ ____________ v.祝贺; 恭喜; 庆贺
→ _____________ adj.庆祝的; 祝贺的
congratulation
congratulate
congratulatory
20. ________ vt.假定，认为；承担（责任），就（职）；呈现，显露→ ___________
n.设想, 假定; 承担; 担任→ _________ adj.假装的; 假定的, 设想的; 假冒的
assume
assumption
assumed
21. _____ vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看→ _________ n.趋向, 倾向
tend
tendency
22. __________ n.活动，转动；移动；运动 → ______ v.移动; 运行; 离开
movement
move
23. _______ n.能，能量；精力；能源→ _________ adj.精力充沛的; 积极的
energy
energetic
24. ______ n.伤害, 损伤→ ______ v.伤害; 毁坏; 损害→ _______ adj.受损害的; 受
伤的
injury
injure
injured
25. ________ vt.阻止，阻碍→ __________ n.预防, 防止→ __________ adj.预防的,
妨碍的, 做预防的
prevent
prevention
preventive
26. __________ n.设备；配备，装备→ ______ v.装备; 训练; 配备
equipment
equip
27. _____ n.缺乏，匮乏，短缺 vt.& vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺→ ________ adj.缺
乏的; 不足的
lack
lacking
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. ______________ 强身健体
get into shape
2. ____________创造奇迹，产生神奇作用
do wonders
3. __________________长期
over the long term
4. _________克服；恢复
get over
5. __________持续，坚持
stick with
6. ________保持；维持
keep up
7. __________富含
be rich in
8. __________总之；通常；一般而言
in general
9. ____________弥补，补偿
make up for
10. ________ 受伤
get hurt
11. _________ 热身；变暖
warm up
12. ________ 支持；倒退
back up
Ⅲ.重点句式
1. 特殊疑问词+不定式
____________（什么时候吃东西） is also of great importance.
When to eat
2. 状语从句中的省略
To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment
_______________（在锻炼的时候）.
when exercising
03
重难探究·能力素养全提升
重点词汇——讲练互动
1. assume vt.假定，认为；承担（责任），就（职）；呈现，显露
●assume sb/sth to be...认为某人/某事……
It is assumed that...人们认为……
●assuming conj.假设……为真;假如
assuming （that）...假设……
●assumption n.假定;假设;担任;（权力的）获得
on the assumption that...假定……
make the assumption that...假设……
①We assume that when it comes to brain power, more must be better.我们认为当谈到脑力的时候, 脑力越多越好。
②Even assuming that smokers do see the health warnings, I doubt they'll take any notice.即使假设吸烟者确实看到了健康警告，我怀疑他们是否会注意到。
③People make the assumption that if someone important and respected says that something is right, then it must be so.人们想当然地认为，如果某个重要的、受人尊敬的人说某件事是对的，那么这件事就一定是对的。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句型转换
①__________（assume） that the weather is favorable, farmers will have a yield.
Assuming
②We must assume him ______（be） innocent until he is proved guilty.
to be
③We are working on the ___________（assume） that it was a gas explosion.
assumption
④People assume that what they do has little effect on the environment.
→_________________ what people do has little effect on the environment.（it作形式
主语）
It is assumed that
2. tend vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看
●tend to do sth往往会做某事
tend to/towards sth趋向某事;倾向某事
tend （to） sb/sth照顾/护理某人/某物
●tendency n.倾向, 趋势
have a tendency to do sth有做某事的倾向
①（2021·全国乙卷）Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each;gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.就连足球迷也有自己的座位; 成千上万人站着看比赛的日子一去不复返了。
②People who sleep in the fetal position tend towards worry and anxiety.胎儿式睡姿的人容易焦虑不安。
③I have a tendency to talk too much when I'm nervous.我一紧张就会说太多话。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译
①She tended ___ her mother during her long illness.
to
②据报道，房价在某些城市有下降的趋势。
→It is reported that housing prices ________________ in some cities.（tend）
→It is reported that housing prices __________________________ in some cities.
（tendency）
tend to decrease
have a tendency to decrease
3. make up for 弥补，补偿
●make up编造，杜撰；组成，构成；化妆；铺（床）
●make out辨认；弄清；理解
●be made up of由……组成/构成
be made of/from由……制成
be made into把……制成……
be made out of由……制成
●make it获得成功；约定时间
①As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.因此，人们会吃更多的食物，试图弥补缺失的东西。
②We made up our beds immediately after getting up.我们一起床就把床铺整理好。
③He could just make out a dark shape moving towards him.他隐约看到有个黑影朝他走来。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子
①I lack work experience, but I'm sure I can make up ____ it in the future.
for
②This medical team is made up ___ one doctor and two nurses.
of
③His book reached an even wider audience when it was made _____ a movie.
into
④For the next meeting, let's make ___ the day after tomorrow.
it
⑤司机开始加速，以弥补在交通阻塞中失去的时间。
The driver began to speed up ____________________________
he'd lost in the traffic jams.
to make up for the lost hours
4. prevent vt.阻止，阻碍
●prevent （doing） sth阻止（做）某事
prevent sb（from） doing sth阻止某人做某事
●prevention n.预防;防止;防范
●preventable adj.（疾病）可预防的;（死亡）可避免的
●stop sb （from） doing sth阻止某人做某事
keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事
① （2022·新高考Ⅱ卷）David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children.大卫患有一种脑部疾病，使他不能像其他孩子一样走路或跑步。
②In order to prevent this case coming about again, we should improve our awareness of saving and recycling water.为了防止这种情况再次发生，我们应该提高节约用水和循环水的意识。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子
①(2020·天津卷)It ________（prevent） people who are cut off from society falling
victim to cheaters.
prevents
②__________（prevent） also plays a central role in traditional medicine.
Prevention
③Nothing would prevent him/his _________（speak） out against injustice.
speaking
④其公民可能会被阻止离开该国。
Its nationals _____________________________ the country.
may be prevented from leaving
5. lack n.缺乏，匮乏，短缺 vt.& vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺
●a/the lack of...缺少……
●lack （for） sth.缺少某物
●for lack of...因缺少……
have no lack of...不缺乏……
●lacking adj.缺乏的;没有的
be lacking in...缺少……
①Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper treatment.后来, 他在非洲工作, 那里许多人由于缺乏适当的治疗而失明。
②Even though people are confined in the restricted land, there is no lack of ways for weekending.虽然人们被限制在这有限的土地上，度周末的方法也还不至于匮乏。
③Although she is rich in knowledge, she is lacking in practical experience.虽然她知识丰富, 但是她缺少实践经验。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子
①Apparently, he was________（lack） in mathematical training.
lacking
②Many small plants in that country closed down ____ lack of fuel.
for
③Many families live a tough life because of ______ lack of money.
a/the
④Though ________（lack） money, he sent his son to college.
lacking
⑤她感到紧张, 对自己越来越没有信心。
She felt nervous, increasingly __________ confidence in herself.
lacking in
重点句式——多维剖析
1. 特殊疑问词+不定式
【教材原句】When to eat is also of great importance.什么时候吃东西也是很重要的。
“疑问词+不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。
●在“疑问词+不定式”结构中, 不定式一般用主动式而不用被动式。
●why或why not后接不定式时, 常省略不定式符号to。
●whether后可接不定式, 而if不可以。
①Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc.许多人疯狂地试图弄清楚如何与朋友、家人、工作、娱乐等相处。
②（2021·浙江1月卷）I just didn't know what to say， because I never thought seeing my mother would ever come true.我只是不知道该说些什么，因为我从没想过见到我母亲会成为现实。
③（2021·新高考Ⅰ卷）If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel.如果我只能推荐一个在罗马可以住的地方，那就是黄色旅社。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句型转换
①When and where ________（hold） the meeting remains to be discussed further.
to hold
②No one could tell me where _______（buy） the interesting book.
to buy
③I don't know how I can polish the play.
→I don't know _____________________.（疑问词+不定式）
how to polish the play
2. 状语从句中的省略
【教材原句】To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising.为了避免软组织受伤，确保你在运动时穿戴合适的衣服和设备。
句中 when exercising 是省略句， when后省略了you are。当when，while，if，unless，once等引导状语从句时，若从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句主语是it，且从句的谓语部分含有be动词的某种形式时，从句的主语和be动词可以省略。
①（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）Now, when having trouble in learning English well, plenty of students urge to know how to deal with it.现在，学习英语遇到困难时，很多学生都渴望知道如何处理它。
②（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷）Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos.美国人仍然在开车时发短信，也使用社交网络和拍照。
③（2022·全国甲卷）Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.虽然在野外还不知道它们会使用工具，但在笼子里的时候，这些鸟已经证明了它们熟练地使用工具。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句型转换
①You must keep these points in mind while _______（set） your goals.
setting
②When ______（ask）, she confirmed that she was going to retire.
asked
③If _________（interest） in it, you may email your application to us.
interested
④Li Jiang and Su Hua don't agree on what to wear when they greet the British
students.
→Li Jiang and Su Hua don't agree on what to wear __________________________
________.（状语从句的省略）
when greeting the British students