Unit 6 I'm going to study computer science Section B 知识点学案

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Unit 6 I'm going to study computer science
Section B知识点学案
基础知识清单
Words 1. resolution 决心，决定 2. foreign 外国的 3. able 能够 4. discuss 讨论，商量 5. promise 承诺，诺言 6. beginning 开头，开端 7. improve 改进，改善 8. physical 身体的 9. self-improvement 自我改进，自我提高 10. hobby 业余爱好　 11. own 　自己的，本人的，拥有 12. personal 个人的，私人的 13. relationship 关系
Phrases the meaning of …的意思 different kinds of 不同种类的 write down 写下；记下 have to do with 关于；与…有关系 take up 开始做；学着做 hardly ever 几乎不；很少 too…to… 太…而不能…/太… 以至于不能
Sentences —Most of the time，we make promises to other people。However，promises you make to yourself are resolutions。大多数时间，我们向其他人保证。然而，你向自己做的保证是决心。 Some people write down their resolutions and plans for the coming year.一些人写下他们来年决心和计划。 This helps them to remember their resolutions.这帮助他们记住自己的决心。 Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement.许多决心和自我提高有关系。 For this reason，some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions.因为这个原因，一些人说最好的决心就是不下决心。 The third resolution is about improving my relationships with my family and friends.第三个决心是关于改善我和我家人、朋友关系的。
Writing 谈论对于自己或他人未来的职业和理想生活的打算
二、知识点清单
知识点①：be able to能够做某事
【观察】He was able to ride a horse when he was six years old.
他六岁时就会骑马了。
【探究】be able to后跟动词原形，用于表示能力，有时可以和can进行同义转换。
【辨析】can与be able to
can (1)只有现在时和过去时，即can和could，没有人称和数的变化。 (2)可用于表示可能性、推测、允许等。
be able to (1)根据句子需要可以用于任何时态，如was able to, will be able to等 (2)可以和其他情态动词连用。
She said she could play the piano.
她说她会弹钢琴。
If we change our seats, you will be able to see the blackboard clearly.
如果我们换座位，你就能够看清黑板。
知识点②：make the soccer team 成为足球队的一员
（1）make the soccer team“成为足球队的一员”
Would you like to make the soccer team 你想成为足球队的一员吗？
注意：make a soccer team “组建一支足球队”
（2）team 名词，意为“队；组”，指在某个队或是某个队的队员，其前可用介词in/on。
The twin brothers are in/on the same basketball team.
这对双胞胎兄弟是统一篮球队的成员。
【知识拓展】
（1）team表示由若干人组成的“队”或“组”，具有集合意义。在句中作主语时，谓语根据情况可用单数（侧重整体）或复数（侧重个体）。 I want to know which team is the best. 我想知道哪个队最好。 Their football team are playing harder. 他们的足球队员正更努力地踢球 （2）a team of后跟复数名词，表示“一组/队……”。 A team of students did it. 一群学生做了这件事。
知识点③：promise n. 承诺；诺言　v. 许诺； 承诺；保证
promise在此处作可数名词，常用短语如下：
make a/one’s promise 许下诺言 When Patty makes a promise, she keeps it.
keep a/one’s promise 遵守诺言 you should keep your promise.
break a/one’s promise 违背诺言 I got angry when he broke his promise.
promise还可作动词，常用结构：
promise to do sth. 允诺做某事； 答应做某事 He promised to help us.
promise sb. sth. =promise sth. to sb. 向某人许诺某物 He promised a bike to his son. = He promised his son a bike.
promise+从句 许诺 He promised me that he would give me this book.
知识点④：beginning (n.) 开头；开端
【观察】We’re going to Australia at the beginning of July.
我们打算七月初去澳大利亚。
【探究】beginning是由begin双写末尾的n之后，再加上名词后缀-ing构成的，意为“开头；开端”。at the beginning of是固定搭配，意为“在……开始”。
【拓展】
知识点⑤：write down 写下；记录下
【观察】This is a new word. Please write it down.
这是一个生词，请把它记下来。
The teacher asked us to write down these words / write these words down first.
老师要我们先把这些单词写下来。
【探究】write down意为“写下；记录下”，是“动词+副词”结构的短语。当名词作宾语时，放在down后面或两词中间皆可；当代词作宾语时，需要用代词的宾格形式，且只能放在两词中间。
【拓展】常见的“动词+down”短语小结：
知识点⑥：improve v. 改进；改善
improve此处用作及物动词，意为＂改进；改善＂，还可用作不及物动词。
I want to improve my English. 我想要提高我的英语（水平）。
The weather is beginning to improve. 天气开始好转了。
【注意】
improve相当于make ... better，已包含better之义，再加上个better，即属赘余。 我们希望改进我们的工作。 误：We hope to improve our work better. 正：We hope to improve our work.
【知识拓展】
improve名词形式为improvement self-improvement 自我改进；自我提高
知识点⑦：take up(尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做
take up(尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做
【观察】I’m going to take up dancing in my spare time.
我打算在业余时间学跳舞。
He took up writing after graduation.
毕业后他开始从事写作(工作)。
【探究】take up表示“学着做；开始做”，尤其指做以前没做过的事或作为消遣的方式。take up后面可跟名词或动名词。
【拓展】take up还有“占用”之意。
My mother asked me to move the table out of the room because it took up too much room.
我妈妈要我把那张桌子搬出房间，因为它占用了太多空间。
【拓展】 常见的含有take的词组：
take turns轮流 take away拿走 take out拿出，取出
take over接手，接管 take notes 做笔记 take it easy别紧张
take care of 照顾 take photos 照相 take in 吸入 领悟，理解
take down 取下、拿下；写下、记录；
take up 占据（一定的时间、空间、精力......）；开始从事......
知识点⑧：own adj. & pron. 自己的；本人的
1）own在本句中作形容词，一般放在形容词性物主代词之后，用以强调“某人自己的”。
I wanted to create my own dishes.
2）own还可作代词用，意为“自己的东西；独自”，常用在以下短语中：
of one’s own 属于某人自己的 He has a mind of his own. 他很有主见。
on one’s own 独立地；独自 He can do lots of things on his own. 他能独立做很多事情。
3）own还可作动词，意为“拥有”，不用于进行时态。owner为名词, 意为“物主；所有权人；主人”。
Bob owns the farm. That means he is the owner of the farm.
【思维导图】
This is not my uncle’s own house. 这不是我叔叔自己的房子。
She makes all her own clothes. 她所有的衣服都是她自己做的。
She has a mind of her own. 她颇有主见。
Ancient Chinese created this medical science of China’s own.
古代中国人创造了这样一种中国所特有的医学。
I have some reasons of my own for wishing to do so. 我有些想这么干的理由。
知识点⑨：Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement.许多决心与自我提高有关。
【探究】have to do with意为“关于;与...有关系”，have nothing to do with意为“与...无关”，have much to do with意为“与...有很大关系”。
This question has nothing to do with what we learned.
这个问题与我们所学的无关。
This thing has much to do with him.
这件事与他有很大的关系。
知识点10：agree with
agree with意为“同意……；赞成……”，后面接表示人或表示“意见；观点”的词。
例如：
She agreed with me. 她同意我的意见。
I quite agree with what you said. 我完全同意你说的话。
【拓展】
（1）agree to意为“赞同；同意”，后面接表示“计划；提议；办法；安排”等词，to是介词。例如：
They agree to my idea. 他们同意我的想法。
Do you agree to this arrangement 你同意这个安排吗？
（2）agree还可以用于that从句前，表示“同意；一致认为”。例如：
We all agreed that it was a good plan. 我们一致认为这是一项好计划。
It was agreed that another meeting was necessary. 大家一致认为有必要再开一次会。
agree v. 同意，赞成 反义词 disagree
用法 例句
1) agree with sb. 意为“同意某人的意见、观点或所说的话”，后接表示人的名词或代词 My parents agreed with me.
2) agree on sth意为“就...取得一致意见”，宾语一般表示某件事情、计划等的名词 We agreed on the time to have a match.
3) agree to do意为 “同意做某事” He agreed to buy a bike for his son.
知识点11：Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.有时这些决定可能会太难而无法实现。
【探究】too…to…意为“太……而不能……”，too后接形容词或副词原级，to后接动词原形。
The box is too heavy for me to carry. 这个箱子太重，我搬不动。
【拓展】“too…to…”结构可以与“not…enough to do…”或“so…that…”结构互换。
The girl is too young to go to school.
=The girl is not old enough to go to school.
=The girl is so young that she can’t go to school.
这个女孩太小，还不能上学。
三、单元写作
【话题分析】
本单元的写作内容是谈论对于自己或他人未来的职业和理想生活的打算。
写此类作文时应注意以下几点：
使用一般将来时be going to do的句型结构。
叙述要条理清楚、逻辑清晰。先描述未来的职业和理想生活，再描述打算采取的行动。
结尾要谈一谈自己对于实现理想的决心或希望。
【典型例题】
根据下列提示及要求，以“My Dream Job”为题用英语写一篇短文，谈一谈你的理想职业，如何才能实现以及何时开始行动。
想成为一名记者。
打算给报社、杂志社写文章。
中学毕业后想去北京上大学。
想在一家电视台工作并环游世界。
要求：
条理清楚，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范。
提示内容全部体现在文章中，可适当发挥。
不少于70词。
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【思路点拨】
时态：一般将来时be going to do结构
可以根据提示内容适当发挥。
【高分模板】
My Dream Job
①Rich or poor, young or old, we all dreamt about our future jobs once.
My dream job is to be a reporter when I grow up.②The reason why I want to do this is that I enjoy meeting different kinds of people and sharing their stories with others.
In order to make my dream come true, I’m going to do the following things. I will read many books and practice writing every day. I’m going to write articles and send them to magazines and newspapers. I am going to university in Beijing after high school. I want to work at a TV station and travel all over the world for self-improvement.
All in all, I have to be honest and③only if I hold on to my dream can I make it come true.
【名师点评】
①开篇点题，简洁有力。
②正文描述了自己的理想职业是什么以及如何实现，结构清晰，层次分明。此外，文中句式多样，如“The reason why…is that…”的使用。
③结尾运用了倒装句，表达自己对于实现理想的决心和希望。首尾响应。
【素材积累】
【常用短语】
坚持写文章:keep on writing articles
把它们寄给报社和杂志社:send them to newspapers and magazines
当我中学毕业时:when I finish high school
遇到很多有趣的:meet lots of interesting people
【常用句子】
I want to be a / an…when I grow up.
I’m going to practice basketball every day. / I’m going to keep on writing stories.
I’m going to take up a hobby.
In order to realize my dream, I’m going to work harder than before.
I’m going to try my best to make my dream come true.
【小试身手】
青春,是心里有火,眼里有光,我们这一代人的想象力,不足以想象你们的未来!青春路上,你对未来职业的憧憬是什么 请你以“I want to be a/an...”为题写一篇短文。须涵盖以下几个内容：
1. What is your dream job
2. Where are you going to work
3. Which motto(座右铭) encourages you most
4. Why do you like this job
5. How will you get your future dream job
6.....
要点提示：
1. 80-100词。
2. 请你根据以上要求，结合自己的实际情况写出你的观点，并适当发挥。
3. 文章中不得出现真实人名和校名。
4. 字迹工整，语言流畅，表达正确，逻辑清晰。
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(1)One possible version:
I want to be a teacher.
I have a dream. I want to be a teacher at the middle school where I studied.
The motto encourages me most is “Teachers’ biggest happiness is to see the children grow up!” I think teachers are very important people in our life. They teach us knowledge. The help us with our study. They give us confidence. If I’m a teacher, I’ll be very kind and patient with my students and try my best to make my lessons interesting.
To be a teacher, I’ll work hard from now on and get good grades in my study. I won’t give up my dream. I think it will come true soon.
【详解】
1.本文是一篇话题作文。要求根据题目“I want to be a/an...”和提示内容写一篇作文。
2.本文时态以一般现在时和一般将来时为主；人称以第一人称和第三人称为主。写作时注意语句通顺，语意连贯，紧扣要点，注意句子之间的连贯和过渡，涵盖所给提示。
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