外研版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 2 Let's celebrate! Using language 学案（含答案）

Unit 2 Let's celebrate!
Using language
学习目标
1. 掌握本节生词的表达与运用。
2. 掌握情态动词的用法。
3. 通过课堂练习，对课文内容有更深入的了解。
知识运用
1. indicate
词性：____________ 意思：_____________
indication n.表明;显示
indicate sth.to sb.向某人指出某物
indicate that... 示意……;表明……
as...indicate 正如……所示(= as is indicated...)
indicate one's intention 表明某人的意图
indicate fine weather 预示好天气
练习：As _______ (indicate) in the survey, more and more people choose to travel abroad.
2. request
词性：____________ 意思：_____________
make requests/a request for... 请求……;要求……
at one's request=at the request of sb.应某人的要求
on request 一经要求
by request 按照要求
make a request that...提出请求……
request sth. from sb.向某人要求某物
request sb. (not) to do sth要求某人(不)做某事
request that sb. (should) do sth.请求某人做某事(宾语从句用虚拟语气)
It is/was requested that...人们要求/请求……(主语从句用虚拟语气)
练习：You will sound a lot more polite if you make _______ request in the form of a question.
3. wave
词性：____________ 意思：_____________
wave at/to sb.朝某人挥手
wave sth.at sb.朝某人挥动(胳膊、手绢等)
wave sb. goodbye/wave goodbye to sb.
向某人挥手道别
wave sb. through 挥手让某人通过
give sb. a wave 向某人挥手
a wave of...一阵/一股......
a wave of fear 一阵恐惧感
radio/sound waves 无线电波/声波
练习：He greeted them with _________ wave and a broad smile.
4. attract
词性：____________ 意思：_____________
attractive adj.妩媚的;迷人的;吸引人的
attraction n.吸引,吸引力
attract sb.to sth.吸引某人关注某事
be attracted to sb.爱慕某人,为某人所吸引
be attracted by 被……吸引
attract a lot of interest 引起很大的兴趣
attract one's attention/mind 吸引某人的注意力
练习：Thousands of foreigners were attracted _______ the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.
5. competition
词性：____________ 意思：_____________
compete v.竞争；参加比赛
competitive adj.竞争的;比赛的
enter/win/lose a competition 参加/赢得/输掉比赛
in competition with 与……竞争
hold a competition 举行竞赛
fair competition 公平竞争
fierce competition 激烈的竞争
练习：We're going to have a ______ (compete) to see who can swim the farthest.
6. formal
词性：____________ 意思：_____________
formally adv.正式地
informal adj.非正式的
a formal evening dress 晚礼服
a formal dinner 正式的晚宴
a formal occasion 正式场合
a formal agreement 正式协议
a formal agreement between the countries 两国间的正式协议
a formal education/training 正规教育/培训
a formal talk/call 正式会谈 /拜访
formal written English 正式的书面英语
make a formal apology/request 正式道歉/请求
练习：You should be ______ (formal) dressed on such a formal occasion.
7. occasion
词性：____________ 意思：_____________
special/formal occasions特殊/正式场合
on occasion(s) 有时，偶尔
on this/that occasion 这次/那次
on one occasion有一次
on no occasion 绝不，不会
on the occasion of在……之际
练习：______ one occasion, she called me in the middle of the night.
8. pay attention to
词性：____________ 意思：_____________
pay attention to sb./sth. 注意某人/某物
pay attention to doing sth.注意做某事
pay attention to ways and means注意方式和方法
pay attention to what he is saying 注意他讲的话
pay more attention更加注意
pay no attention没注意
练习：In our childhood, we were often reminded by Grandma to pay attention ______ our table manners.
语法解析
一、情态动词的用法
（一）will 和 would 的用法
will和 would 除了用作助动词构成将来时态外,还可用作情态动词,表示情态意义。
1. 表示意愿
表示主语的意愿，如意志、愿望或决心等。wil1用于现在或将来,would 用于过去。
--Can someone help me
有人能帮我一下吗
--I will.
我来帮你。
Please come over the weekend if you will.
如果你愿意请来过周末。
I told her that I would go along with her.
我告诉她我愿意和她一起去。
She said she would take care of the child.
她说她愿意照顾那个孩子。
友情提示：
(1)will 若表示将来,不可用在条件或时间状语从句中,但若will为情态动词表示意愿、请求、坚持等,则可以。
If/When I'm free this afternoon, I'll go shopping.
今天下午要是有空，我就去买东西。
If/When I will be free this afternoon, I'll go shopping. (误)
If you will see a doctor, I'll send for Dr Weir.
如果你愿意看医生,我就派人去请韦尔医生。
(2)为了区分 will表示将来和意愿的差别，我们用 will be doing表示纯粹将来，因为 will do可能是将来，也可能是意愿。
I will be discussing the problem with them. (纯将来)
I will discuss the problem with them. (将来或意愿)
2.表示请求
will 用在第二人称的疑问句中,表示婉转的请求或征求意见。这时will和would 通用,而would比will更客气、委婉用won’t you加强请求的语气。
Will you join us for a drink, Lance
兰斯,和我们一起喝一杯吧
Won't you go have a coffee with us
怎么不和我们一起去喝杯咖啡
Would you tell me the way to the airport
你能告诉我去机场的路吗
3.表示习惯或特性
表示一种习惯、倾向或固有性质等。will 用于现在，would用于过去,带有主观性,常意为“总是”。
Oil will float on water.
油总是浮在水上。
This old man is strange. She will sit for hours without saying anything.
这位老人很奇怪，她总是坐在那儿几个小时不说一句话。
Mum would tell us stories before we went to bed.
以前妈妈总是会在我们睡觉前给我们讲故事。
4.表示推测
will/would 表示推测，意为“大概,可能,想必”,其推测把握小于must。wil1和would 都可以表示对现在或将来的推测，但 would 比 will 把握要低一些，留有一定的余地。
“will+ 完成式”表示对过去的推测。
This will be the book you are looking for, I think.
我想,这应该是你要找的书。
Her death will be a great loss to the company.
她的去世想必是公司的一大损失。
Nothing would prevent her from speaking out against injustice.
什么都不能阻止她鸣不平。
The holiday will have done him a lot of good.
假期想必对他大有好处吧。
5. will 表示必然性，意为“注定会”
You will fail if you don’t work hard.
你不努力就注定要失败。
Man will die without air.
没有空气,人注定要死亡。
You will regret if you waste your time.
浪费时间,你一定会后悔的。
6. would 构成的固定结构
(1) would like sth.和 would like to do sth.表示“想要某物”和“想要做某事”。
I would like a cup of tea.
我想喝杯茶。
I would like to have a cup of tea.
我想喝杯茶。
(2) would rather 表示“宁愿”是一种对现在过去或将来的愿望,后接动词原形。若接从句,从句要用虚拟语气。
I would rather stay here for another week.
我宁愿在这儿再待一周。
I would rather you came tomorrow.
我宁愿你明天来。(与将来不符。明天来的可能性很小)
I would rather he had left last week.
我宁愿他上周就离开了。(与过去事实不符,实际未离开)
(3) would prefer“宁可更喜欢”,would可省去。常用于prefer to do sth.结构。
（二）ought to 的用法
1. .ought to和should 的用法基本相同,意为“应该,应当”，表示责任、义务、劝告、可能性等,语气上比 should 强。ought to 没有人称、数和时态的变化,后跟动词原形。
We ought to protect wild animals.
我们应该保护野生动物。(责任或义务)
You ought to make an apology to Joan.
你应该向琼道歉。(劝告)
Try phoning that customer -he ought to be home by now.
给那位顾客打电话试试,他现在应该到家了。(推测)
The weather ought to improve after the weekend.
过了周末,天气应该会好起来的。(推测)
2. ought to的否定式是ought not to或oughtn’t to,疑问式将ought置于主语之前。
You ought not to play tricks on the disabled.
你不应该捉弄残疾人。
Such things ought not to happen, ought they
这样的事情不应该发生,是吗
--Ought he to go
他应该去吗
--Yes, he ought (to).
应该去。
3. ought to+完成式
ought to have done sth.本该做某事(实际上没有做)
ought not to have done sth.本不该做某事(实际上做了)
I realize I ought to have told you about it.
我意识到我本该告诉你这件事的。
I ought not to have asked you a thing like that. I'm sorry.
我本不应该问你这样的事。对不起。
（三）have to 的用法
1. 表示“规定”和“指令”
have to 的这种用法,主要指客观上的法律条文规定常译为“应该”“必须”。
You have to hand in your personal files before next Friday.
下周五之前你必须交上个人档案。
There has to be an end to the violence.
暴力必须结束。
2. 表示“必须”和“不得不”
have to强调客观需要，而must侧重说明主观看法。
My mother is ill and I have to stay at home.
我妈妈病了，我不得不待在家里。
I can't see things clearly, so I have to wear glasses.
我看不清东西,只好戴眼镜。
3. have to有多种不同的时态，而must 只有一种时态。
He had to sell his house to pay off the debt.
为了还清债务,他只好把房子卖了。
If you want a share of the pay, you will have to do your share of the work
要是你想得到一份报酬,你就必须做好你的那份工作。
4. have to的否定形式要借助助动词do来完成即don’t/doesn’t/didn’t/will not have to,意为“不必,没有必要”。
You don't have to be present at the meeting.
你不必出席那个会议。
She didn't have to answer his questions.
她没有必要回答他的问题。
5. have to 还可以表示“推测”,意思是“一定，肯定”。用于肯定意义的推测，与must 用法相似。
This has to be a mistake.
这肯定是弄错了。
As for your problem, there has to be a solution.
至于你的问题，一定会有解决的办法
House prices have to go up sooner or later.
房价迟早要涨的。
No one else could have done it; it had to be Neville.
没有别人能做到，一定是内维尔干的。
（四）need 的用法
need意为“需要;有必要”。既可作情态动词，又可作实义动词,分述如下。
1.作情态动词
need 用作情态动词,后接动词原形,无人称、数和时态的变化。一般用于否定句、疑问句以及非肯定句(如条件句,带有疑问的名词性从句等)。疑问句直接将 need 提前肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t或 don't have to。
Need I help you with the maths problem
需要我帮你解这道数学题吗
You needn't be in such a hurry; there is plenty of time.
你没有必要这么匆忙,时间很充裕。
--Need I come tomorrow
我明天需要来吗
--Yes, you must.
是的，你必须来。
--No, you needn't/don't have to.
不，没必要。
I wonder if I need bring a digital camera with me.
我想是否需要带一部数码相机。
2.作实义动词
(1) need作实义动词,有人称和数的变化,后面接带to的不定式，其否定式、疑问式都要通过助动词do构成。
She needs to attend to five people on her own.
她需要一人照顾五个人。
--Does she need to stay here to help you
需要她留下来帮你的忙吗
--Yes, she does.
需要。
--No, she doesn’t.
不必。
(2) need作实义动词，除了接带to的动词不定式外,还可跟名词、代词、动名词等,意为“需要”。当主语为物时,need后用动词不定式的被动式或动名词的主动式，意义相同。
I need to get some sleep.
我需要睡一会儿。
All living things need water.
所有的生物都需要水。
The flowers need watering/to be watered.
这些花需要浇水了。
3. needn't have done的意义
表示过去没有必要做某事,意为“本来不必做某事”(但实际上做了)。
I needn't have taken the umbrella, for the weather is so fine.
天这么好,我本没必要带雨伞的。
You needn't have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.
你本来不必浇花的,因为就要下雨了。
“need+完成式”仅限于否定句或疑问句，不用于肯定句。
Need you have scolded him so severely
你有必要这样严厉地批评他吗
Need he have paid so much
他需要付那么多钱吗
（五）dare的用法
dare意为“敢;敢于”。既可作情态动词，又可作实义动词。
1.作情态动词
dare用作情态动词后接动词原形没有人称和数的变化。一般用于否定句、疑问句以及非肯定句(如条件句,带有疑问的名词性从句等)。疑问句把dare提到主语前,否定用dare not或daren’t。
(1)用于否定句。
I daren't go out alone at night.
晚上我自己一个人不敢出去。
No one dare speak of it.
没人敢说这件事。
I never dare drive a car.
我从不敢开车。
(2) 用于疑问句及非肯定句。
Dare you let out the news to the public
你敢把这个消息透露给公众吗
I wonder whether she dare come home that night.
不知那天晚上她是否敢回家。
If you dare neglect the quality of your works, the readers will not agree.
如果你敢忽视作品质量,读者是不会同意的。
友情提示：
How dare you.. 经常用来表示“惊讶或愤怒”。
How dare you speak to your teacher like that
你怎么敢那样对你老师说话
How dare you treat me like that
你怎么敢这样对我
2.作实义动词
(1) dare 还可用作实义动词,它有人称和数的变化,肯定句中后跟带 to 的不定式。在否定句和疑问句中,不定式符号to 可以省略。其否定式、疑问式都要借助助动词 do构成。
She dares to do whatever she wants to do.
只要她想做的，她就敢做。
I do not dare (to) complain. (= I dare not complain.)
我不敢抱怨。
Do you dare (to) drive a car on such a crowded road
(= Dare you drive a car on such a crowded road )
你敢在这么拥挤的路上开车吗
(2) I dare say是习惯用法，意为“我认为，我猜想”。
I dare say you are a little angry.
我认为你有点生气了。
You are tired, I dare say.
我想你累了吧。
（六）used to的用法
情态动词used to意为“过去常常”表示过去特有的习惯,但现在并非如此,用来强调今昔对比。它没有人称和数的变化,可以与表示过去的时间状语连用。其否定形式为: usedn’t to或didn’t use to。其疑问形式是将used 提到主语前: Used...to... 或用Did开头: Did...use to...
She doesn't get up early as she used to.
她(现在)不像以前起得那么早了。
There used to be a temple here.
从前这里有一座庙。
否定句的两种形式:
I didn't use to like opera but my wife has converted me.
我过去不喜欢歌剧,但我妻子改变了我。
疑问句的两种形式:
Did she use to go to the same school as your sister
Used she to go to the same school as your sister
她过去和你姐姐去同一所学校上学吗
反意疑问句或简略回答中,也有两种形式:
He used to be very fat, didn't he
He used to be very fat, usedn't he
他过去很胖,不是吗
Yes, he did.
Yes, he used to.
是的，他过去是
（七）had better的用法
had better 后跟动词原形，意为“最好……”,用来表示劝告或建议。它的否定形式为 had better not。
You'd better try it again if you fail this time.
如果你这次失败了,你最好再试一次。
What had we better do next
下一步我们最好做什么
We'd better not just talk and let's help them.
我们最好别只是说,咱们帮帮他们吧。
练习：根据汉语提示，用情态动词完成句子
1. We _________ (应该) celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival to honour the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan.
2. The lantern fair _________ (以前常常) attract a lot of people, but now people usually stay at home watching TV.
3. All the delegates _________ (必须) participate in the election and vote for their president.
4. You _________ (最好是) identify what the model verbs indicate: an order, a request, ability or possibility.
5. You _________ (可以) hang the picture on the wall and regard it as a decoration.
6. In the past, students and their parents _________ (肯定) have complained about the limitless amount of homework.
7. Regular visits to your doctor _________ (能够) help you identify health warning signs.
8. Some people _________ (可能) have complained about income inequality because they were starving then.
9. _________ (应该) novels be regarded as a form of literature
10. No one _________ (敢于) gather together or participate in the march regardless of the governments warnings.
答案
知识运用
1. is indicated 2. a 3. a 4. to/by 5. competition 6. formally 7.On
8. to
语法解析
1. should/ought to 2. used to 3. must 4. had better 5. can/may 6. must 7. can 8. may/might 9. Should 10. dare
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