(共28张PPT)
Section C Integrated skills
01
基础落实·必备知识全过关
Ⅰ.重点单词
1. ________ n.章节；篇章
chapter
2. ______ n.舞台；阶段；步骤 vt.上演，举办
stage
3. _____________ n.自传
autobiography
4. __________ n.传记，传记作品
biography
5. _______ n.诗集，诗歌→ _____ n.诗人→ ______ n.诗→ _______ adj.诗的, 诗人
的, 诗意的
poetry
poet
poem
poetic
6. __________ adv.极其，非常，极端→ ________ n.极端, 末端 adj.极端的, 偏激的,
尽头的
extremely
extreme
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. _____________ 把……分成……
divide...into...
2. _______________ 组成
be made up of
3. _______ 增加
add to
4. ______________ 举几个来说
to name a few
02
重难探究·能力素养全提升
重点词汇——讲练互动
stage n.舞台；阶段；步骤 vt.上演，举办
●stage by stage逐步地，一步一步地；分阶段地
on stage在舞台上（一般指上台表演）
on the stage在舞台上（一般指在台上，强调位置）；现阶段；当演员
in the stage在……时期；在……阶段
at this stage眼下
●stage a ceremony/an event/an exhibition 举行仪式/活动/展览
①The class teacher stood still on the stage, observing all the details in the classroom.班主任静静地站在讲台上，观察着教室里的所有细节。
②He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.他说他和那些在舞台上演奏乐器的人一样紧张。
③They are not familiar with charity work, which is still at an early stage in China.他们对慈善工作并不熟悉，而慈善工作在中国还处于起步阶段。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子
①Although teased about her fatness, the girl showed great confidence ____ the stage.
on
②People tend to work hard ___ this stage of life.
at
③The police are building up a picture of the incident stage ____ stage.
by
④(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)...Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out
____ stage.
on
⑤玛雅·安吉罗在20世纪70年代末首次将戏剧《我仍将奋起》搬上舞台。
Maya Angelou first _______________
And I Still Rise in the late 1970s.
staged the play
03
听力微技能
抓住要点，获取主要信息
抓住要点，获取主要信息是一种重要的听力技能。学生在获得基本辨音能力的同时就应开始对听到的意思进行选择、分析，从而抓住主要内容。听懂一个语篇并不意味着要听懂每个单词或句子。在听的过程中，应区分主要、次要和冗余信息，把重点放在捕捉要点和重要信息上，这样做的目的是有目的地听，有根据地思考和联想，逐步克服只会听单词、单句而忽略整个语义的不良习惯，从而达到提高语篇理解能力的目的。抓住要点和获取主要信息的能力可从两方面进行，即听懂大意和抓关键词。
【链接高考】
1. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Why does the man make the phone call ( )
C
A. To cancel a weekend trip.
B. To make an appointment.
C. To get some information.
[解析] 根据男士的问话“Could you tell me your opening hours for Saturday ”可知，男士在询问博物馆工作时间，结合答句的关键词“open from ten in the morning to five in the afternoon”可知，男士打电话是为了获取博物馆工作时间信息。
听力原文：
W:Good afternoon, Paper Museum.
M:Hello. Could you tell me your opening hours for Saturday
W:Yeah. We're open from ten in the morning to five in the afternoon.
M:Thanks.
2. (2023·山东1月卷)What problem do the speakers have ( )
B
A. They are late for work.
B. They get stuck in traffic.
C. They have lost their way.
[解析] 根据题干关键词problem可知，在听时应当抓住与problem相关的关键词，由女士所言“Oh, the road is jammed with traffic again. We are going to be late for work.”可知，他们当前的问题是交通堵塞，故B项正确。
听力原文：
W:Oh, the road is jammed with traffic again. We are going to be late for work.
M:Let's make a U-turn at the next crossroads and try another way.
【即学即练】
听下面三段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the man do next ( )
B
A. Bring the menu. B. Check the order. C. Place an order.
[解析] M:Madam, what can I do for you
W:I'm afraid you've made a mistake. This isn't what I ordered.
M:I'm so sorry.I must have confused the orders. I'll check it.
2. Why does the man refuse the invitation ( )
C
A. He has to walk his dog. B. He is tired. C. He has to work late.
[解析] W:Hey, Nigel, you sure lead a dog's life. Let's go out and grab a couple of beers tonight!
M:Sorry, I can't.I have to work late at the lab, to finish this project tonight, you know.
3. What does the woman mean ( )
A
A. She'll continue studying.
B. She'll play tennis tomorrow.
C. She'll take an exam today.
[解析] M:Hey, look, you can't study all the time, can you You have to have some fun, too. Shall we play tennis together
W:No, I'll work hard and try to get a good grade in my math exam tomorrow.
04
写作技巧法
写推荐信
点拨·写作技巧
推荐信是常用的一种书信文体, 它可以向某人或某个组织推荐某物或某人。一般来说, 作者推荐的物或者人都具有鲜明突出的特征和优秀品质。推荐信的用语要简洁, 具有说服力且内容要真实可信。
积累·写作素材
一、增色词汇
1.would like to想要
2.recommend推荐
3.express my views concerning...就……发表观点
4.be beneficial to.../be of benefit to...对……有益
5.arouse our curiosity激发我们的好奇心
6.as far as I'm concerned我认为……
7.classic works经典作品
8.consider my recommendation考虑我的推荐
二、精彩句型
1.The reasons why I recommend the book are as follows.我推荐这本书的理由如下。
2.Therefore, I strongly recommend him to you as I think he is the right person for this position.因此，我强烈向您推荐他，我认为他是这个职位的合适人选。
3.I was asked to write to you, recommending Wang Ming, a Senior 2 student, aged 17, to be your assistant.我写信给您，推荐17岁的高二学生王明担任您的助理。
4.I'm writing to recommend one of my favorite books to you. My favorite book is Harry Potter, which is a series of books written by J.K. Rowling.我写信是想向你推荐一本我最喜欢的书。我最喜欢的书是《哈利·波特》，这是J.K.罗琳写的一系列书。
5.In a word, he would be a good choice. I would be grateful if you would like to consider my recommendation.总之，他会是一个不错的选择。如果您能考虑我的推荐，我将不胜感激。
6.I hope that you would take my recommendation into consideration/account.我希望你能考虑我的建议。
示例·分步写作
假定你是李华，你已选修了校内选修课（elective course），请你写一封推荐信，向同学们推荐一门你最喜欢的选修课，主要内容包括：
1.你喜欢这门选修课的原因；2.对想要选修该课的同学提出建议。
注意：词数80左右。
Dear classmates,
Since I have chosen _____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【审题谋篇】
题材 应用文——推荐信
人称 第一人称
时态 一般现在时
话题 推荐选修课程
框架 第一段 开门见山，说明推荐的课程
第二段 详细说明推荐的原因，如推荐诗词欣赏，则为享受中国古诗词魅力，了解中国古老的历史文化等
第三段 希望和祝福
【遣词造句】
1. 词汇
①___________ v.建议，劝告；推荐，介绍
recommend
②_______ n.可选择的事物；选择，选择权
option
③_____________________________ 有广泛的……知识
have an extensive knowledge of
④_______ n.魅力，魔力
charm
⑤__________ v.寻找；搜索
search for
2. 句式
（1）要点翻译
①由于我选择了中国古诗词作为我的选修课，我想向大家推荐这门课。
Since I have chosen Chinese ancient poetry as my elective course,
________________________________.
I'd like to recommend it to you all
②这是我最喜欢的选择。
It's __________________.
my favorite option
③通过这门课程，我可以对中国古代的历史和文化有一个广泛的了解。
I can _____________________________ history and culture in ancient China through
the course.
have an extensive knowledge of
④我可以通过读诗来享受语言的魅力。
I am able to enjoy ________________________ by reading poems.
the charm of the language
⑤读诗有助于提高我的中文。
Reading poems _________________________.
helps improve my Chinese
⑥搜索相关的背景知识是一个好主意，这样你就能完全理解一首诗。
It is a good idea to _____________________________________ so that
_______________________________.
search for related background knowledge
you will fully understand a poem
（2）句式升级
⑦用原因状语从句合并要点②③
___________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________
It's my favorite option because I can have an extensive knowledge of history and culture in ancient China through the course.
⑧用非限制性定语从句合并要点④⑤
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________
I am able to enjoy the charm of the language by reading poems, which helps improve my Chinese.
【妙笔成篇】
Dear classmates,
Since I have chosen _____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考范文
Dear classmates,
Since I have chosen Chinese ancient poetry as my elective course, I'd like to recommend it to you all.
It's my favorite option because I can have an extensive knowledge of history and culture in ancient China through the course. Also, I am able to enjoy the charm of the language by reading poems, which helps improve my Chinese. If you choose the course, you'd better read and recite as many poems as possible. Besides, it is a good idea to search for related background knowledge so that you will fully understand a poem.
I'm sure you will get a lot of fun from it.
Yours,
Li Hua(共29张PPT)
Section D Extended reading & Other parts
01
语篇研读·文本脉络全明晰
第一步 速读课文 理清脉络
Ⅰ.Match each part with its main idea.
[答案] Paras 1-4—C; Paras 5-9—D; Paras 10-13—A; Paras 14-15—B
第二步 精读课文 领悟细节
Ⅱ.Choose the best answer.
1. Why couldn't the old man reach for the water although his mouth was too dry to
speak ( )
C
A. His arms were not long enough.
B. The water was on another boat.
C. Both of his hands were used to control the fish.
D. There was no water left on the boat.
2. What did the old man want to do with the huge fish in the passage ( )
B
A. He just played with the fish.
B. He tried to pull the fish over to his boat.
C. He wanted to kill the fish at once.
D. He just watched the fish swimming in the sea.
3. Which word cannot be used to describe the old man ( )
A
A. Stupid. B. Brave. C. Persistent. D. Humorous.
4. Which statement is true according to the passage ( )
B
A. The old man was easy to be defeated.
B. The old man was a tough man.
C. The old man made several attempts and gave up in the end.
D. The old man managed to catch a big fish with ease.
5. What is the tone （基调） of the story ( )
D
A. Happy. B. Joyful. C. Humorous. D. Sad.
第三步 深读课文 融会提能
Ⅲ.Analyze and translate the sentences.
1. But when he put all of his effort on, starting it well out before the fish came
alongside and pulling with all his strength, the fish pulled part way over and then
righted himself and swam away.
［句式分析］本句是主从复合句。句中when引导 __________ 从句 ，现在分词短语
starting it...作 __________，before引导 __________ 从句。
［尝试翻译］_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________
时间状语
伴随状语
时间状语
但是，大鱼还不曾游到船边，他便使尽平生力气，拼命拉扯，大鱼被拉歪了一点，不久又浮正，游开了。
2. I'll try it again, the old man promised, although his hands were mushy now and
he could only see well in flashes.
［句式分析］本句是主从复合句。句中although his hands...为 __________ 从句， the
old man promised是 ________。
［尝试翻译］_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________
让步状语
插入语
我还要试一下, 老人承诺说, 尽管他的双手这时已经血肉模糊, 眼睛也只能时而看得清,时而又看不清。
Ⅳ.Text summary.
The fish was coming in on his circle now calm and beautiful looking and only
his great tail moving. The old man pulled on him all that he could 1.________
（bring） him closer. For just a moment the fish turned a little on his side. Then he
2.___________（straight） himself and began another circle.
He felt faint again now 3.____ he held on the great fish all the strain that he
could.
But when he put all of his effort on, starting it well out 4._______ the fish
came alongside and 5._______（pull） with all his strength, the fish pulled part way
over and then righted himself and swam away.
to bring
straightened
but
before
pulling
That way nothing is accomplished. His mouth was too dry 6._________（speak）
but he could not reach for the water now.
to speak
On the next turn, he 7._______（near） had him. But again the fish righted
himself and swam slowly away.
Twice more it was 8.____ same on the turns.
He tried it once more and he felt 9.________（him） going when he turned the
fish. The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail weaving
in the air.
I'll try it again, the old man promised, although his hands were 10._______
（mush） now and he could only see well in flashes.
nearly
the
himself
mushy
02
基础落实·必备知识全过关
Ⅰ.重点单词
1. __________ adv.极其，非常，极端
extremely
2. ________ vt.& n.努力，尝试，试图
attempt
3. ______ n.用劲，使力；压力，拉力；重负
strain
4. _________ adv.在……旁边；与……一起
alongside
5. ___________ vt.完成
accomplish
6. ______ adj.贵族的，高贵的；崇高的； 宏伟的
noble
7. _______ vi.& vt.迂回行进，穿行； 编
weave
8. _______ adj.糊状的，软而稠的
mushy
9. ______ n.闪光；闪现 vt.& vi.（使） 闪光；（使） 闪现
flash
10. ________vt.摧毁，毁灭，破坏→__________ adj.破坏性的;毁灭性的→___________
n.破坏;毁坏
destroy
destructive
destruction
11. _______ vt.击败，战胜 n.失败，战败；击败→________ n.击败者;否决者
→__________ adj.不败的;未尝败绩的
defeat
defeater
undefeated
12. __________vt.挺直；（使）变直，变正→________ adj.直的 adv.笔直地;平正地
straighten
straight
13. _________adj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的→__________adj.令人困惑的
→________v.使困惑→__________ n.杂乱;混乱
confused
confusing
confuse
confusion
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. ________ 继续拉
pull on
2. ________________ 使自己直起身
straighten oneself
3. ________ 继续；握住不放
hold on
4. _________ 恢复；解决
get over
5. ________ 举起
hold up
6. _________ 伸手去拿
reach for
7. _________ （头脑）清醒;使整洁，清理
clear up
8. ___________________________ 正要做某事
be on the point of doing sth
9. ______________ 游走
swim away/off
Ⅲ.重点句式
否定词置于句首引起的部分倒装
Never ____________ （我从来没有见过）a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or
more noble thing than you, brother.
have I seen
03
重难探究·能力素养全提升
重点词汇——讲练互动
1. defeat vt.击败，战胜 n.失败，战败；击败
●defeat the enemy打败敌人
●a big/bad defeat大败
a narrow defeat惜败
suffer a defeat遭受失败
admit defeat认输
①He is extremely good at describing the adventures of tough men who he believes “can be destroyed but not defeated”.他非常擅长描写硬汉的冒险经历，他认为这些硬汉“可以被摧毁，但不能被打败”。
②I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated.我知道我们会赢, 但令我失望的是我们输了。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子
①Damaged but not ________（defeat）, he was still ahead of me.
defeated
②She suffered a lot of _______（defeat） at the previous track meets.
defeats
③Our baseball team suffered ___ defeat last week, but we didn't give up.
a
④这支军队训练有素, 装备精良, 击败敌人几乎没有困难。
The army was well trained and well-armed, and
__________________________________________.
had little difficulty （in） defeating the enemy
2. attempt vt.& n.努力，尝试，试图
●attempt/try to do sth 努力做某事
●make an attempt to do sth 尝试/企图做某事
make an attempt at （doing） sth 试图做某事
in an attempt to do sth 力图做某事
at the first attempt第一次尝试
●attempted adj.（犯罪或非法行为）未遂的
①（2021·全国乙卷）One afternoon, while attempting to get into bed she collapsed from what was eventually discovered to be a heart attack.一天下午, 当她试图上床睡觉时, 她晕倒了, 最后被发现是心脏病发作。
②（2022·北京卷）He didn't attempt to walk back home; he waited and trusted.他没有试图走回家;他等待着，信任着。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
①Every year about 40,000 people attempt _________（climb） Kilimanjaro, the
highest mountain in Africa.
to climb
②It is said that Australian scientists are making fresh attempts at __________
（explain） climate change.
explaining
③Personally speaking, parents are making ____ attempt to protect their kids by
giving whatever they require.
an
3. confused adj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的
●be/feel confused about对……感到迷惑
●confuse...with/and ...把……和……混淆
●in confusion 疑惑地；困窘地
①Many people are confused about the new ways of measuring temperature.许多人都搞不清测定温度的新方法。
②（2022·浙江卷）Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city's sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity.今天走在布鲁克林的街道上，我不再对这座城市的声音和气味感到困惑。反而享受它的多样性了。
③Having written the English script, I still feel confused about some expressions.写完英文剧本后，我仍然对一些表达感到困惑。
【即学即练】完成句子/语境串记
①There was _______________（迷惑的表情） on his face when he met with
___________________（令人迷惑的问题）.
a confused look
a confusing problem
②Due to anxiety caused by exams, they asked me so many questions that I got
_________.In other words, his __________ questions made me _________.However,
he ignored my __________.He kept talking and shared his opinions in spite of my
feelings.（confuse）
confused
confusing
confused
confusion
4. clear up （头脑）清醒；使整洁，清理;转晴；解决
●clear your throat 清嗓子
clear away 清除掉
clear off 离开
clear out 清理；丢掉
●make it clear that弄清楚
●in the clear脱离危险；不再因某事受嫌疑
①I'm fed up with clearing up after you! 你弄脏了的地方总是要我来打扫，我受够了！
②I found the letters when I was clearing out after my father died.我在父亲去世后清理遗物时发现了这些信件。
③I hope I made it clear to himthat he was no longer welcome here.我希望我已经给他讲清楚他在这里不再受欢迎。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子
①Charles was relieved that the information put her ___ the clear.
in
②He cleared ____ when he heard the police siren（报警器）.
off
③It is raining now, but I think it will clear ____ soon.
up
④他们消除了误会, 这使得他们心情不错。
They _____________________________,
which left them in a good mood.
cleared up the misunderstanding
5. be on the point of doing sth 正要做某事
●to the point 切题, 中肯
off/besides the point 离题
There is no point （in） doing sth.做某事毫无意义。
come straight to the point 谈正题, 开门见山
from one's point of view 在某人看来
be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时……
●point out 指出
①I was on the point of posting the letter when I saw it didn't have a stamp on it.我正准备寄信, 突然发现上面没贴邮票。
②He had been on the point of feeling himself go each time.每次他都感觉自己快要垮了。
③She was on the point of leaving the house when someone knocked at the door.她正要离开这座房子，这时有人敲门。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子
①______ my point of view, let's come straight ___ the point and talk about the
money you owe me.
From
to
②I should point ____ that none of these paintings is original. There's no point
_______（buy） them.
out
buying
③我正要放弃搜索, 这时灌木丛中某样东西吸引了我的注意力。
I ___________________ giving up the search when something caught my attention in
the bushes.
was on the point of
④这封信简短扼要。
This letter was short and ____________.
to the point
重点句式——多维剖析
否定词置于句首引起的部分倒装
【教材原句】Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or more noble thing than you, brother.我从来没有见过比你更庞大、更美丽、更平静或更高贵的东西，兄弟。
具有否定意义的副词置于句首引起部分倒装：
●否定副词never置于句首，句子需用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词be放
在主语之前。
●常用的否定副词和含有否定意义的介词（短语）还有：not, little, seldom, hardly,
scarcely, neither, nor, at no time, by no means, in no case, in no way, on no
condition等。
①Never before had he earned so much money！他以前从没赚过这么多钱！
② The film is perfect,never have I seen a better one before.这部电影太完美了，我之前从来没有看过比这更好的电影了。
③Under no circumstances did I expect that I would meet so many problems when I decided to take the job.我在任何情况下都没有想到当我决定接受这份工作时会遇到这么多问题。
【即学即练】用倒装语序完成句子/句型转换
①__________________（我永远不会忘记） the accident that happened in my
childhood, which left a deep impression on me.
Never will I forget
②_______________________________（我们刚离开宿舍） the next morning when
we realized we had left our map in the room.
Hardly had we left the dormitory
③_________________________________________（我们决不能放弃梦想）; only if
we can stick to our dreams will we be able to get over all kinds of challenges.
On no condition can we give up our dreams
④This city has never been in greater need of modern public transport than it is
today.（用倒装改写）
→ _______________________ in greater need of modern public transport than it is
today.
Never has this city been(共29张PPT)
Section B Grammar and usage
01
基础落实·必备知识全过关
Ⅰ.重点单词
1. ______ n.话题；题目；标题
topic
2. _______ n.部分，部门；部件，散件
section
3. _______ n.火鸡；火鸡肉
turkey
4. _________ vt.运输，运送 n.交通运输系统；交通车辆；运输
transport
5. _________ adj.特别的，格外的；特指的；挑剔的→___________ adv.特别;尤其
particular
particularly
6. __________ n.（同类）收藏品；作品集；募捐→_______ v.收藏;收集→_________
adj.集体的，共同的
collection
collect
collective
7. ______ adj.吝啬的，小气的；不善良的，刻薄的→_______ n.方式;方法;途径
→_________ n.意义，意思→___________ adj.有意义的
mean
means
meaning
meaningful
8. __________ n.慷慨，大方，宽宏大量→_________ adj.慷慨的;大方的→__________
adv.慷慨地;大方地
generosity
generous
generously
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. _________ 应该，应当
ought to
2. ____________尤其，特别
in particular
3. _________达成共识
agree on
4. ________上交
hand in
5. ________结果是
turn out
6. ___________最后，最终
in the end
7. __________反省；思考
reflect on
Ⅲ.重点句式
whether引导宾语从句
A book review can often tell you ____________________________________（一本书
是否值得一读）.
whether a book is worth reading or not
02
重难探究·能力素养全提升
重点词汇——讲练互动
particular adj.特别的，格外的；特指的；挑剔的
in particular尤其，特别；特殊的；专门的
be particular about/over sth对……讲究/挑剔
①What in particular did you like about the last apartment that we saw 我们最后看的那套公寓你特别喜欢它哪一点？
②Peter was lying on the sofa doing nothing in particular.彼得躺在沙发上，无所事事。
③He's very particular about the kitchen—everything has to be perfectly clean and in its place.他对厨房非常挑剔——每样东西都得一尘不染，物归原位。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
①The film's special effects are ___________（particular） impressive.
particularly
②I am not particular __________ a degree; only true talent and learning are
important to me.
about/over
③The company has launched several types of cars this year, and one ___ particular
appeals to the young.
in
重点句式——多维剖析
whether引导宾语从句
【教材原句】A book review can often tell you whether a book is worth reading or not.书评常常能告诉你一本书是否值得一读。
●whether引导宾语从句，常用在ask, wonder, doubt等词后，可与or not连用，引导宾
语从句时通常情况下可与if互换（if不可与or not直接连用）。
●whether除引导宾语从句外，还可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句以及状语从
句。
●whether...or中whether表示一种选择，其后可以跟介词短语或不定式短语。
①We all need to get involved in saving energy whether it's at work, at home, or at school.无论是在工作中，在家里，还是在学校，我们都需要参与到节约能源的活动中来。
②Your age shouldn't make any difference to whether you get the job or not.你能否得到这份工作与你的年龄无关。
③Whether he will stay or leave，I really don't care.我真的不在意他是留下还是离开。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子
①You'd better decide for yourself whether ______（go） or not.
to go
②Whether you are a worker ___ a boss makes no difference.
or
③He asked ________ he was to lock the car or leave it unlocked.
whether
④Whether you wear the red dress or the blue trousers ___（be） really unimportant!
is
⑤这件事对我们有害还是有益，还有待观望。
_______________ do us harm or good remains to be seen.
Whether it will
03
语法冲关·语言规则全理清
情态动词
情景导入
Li Fang couldn't read for a week with a headache. Her mother told her that she should go to the hospital and see a doctor as soon as possible. She added, “You might need glasses.”
Li Fang went to the hospital. The appointment clerk said that the doctor could see her at 3:30.Li Fang replied that she would not be able to be there at 3:30 because she had a class then.“Shall I put you down for ten to four ” the appointment clerk suggested. Li Fang thought she shouldn't waste any more time. So she replied, “I think I can make it at ten to four.”
Li Fang went to the class. She asked her teacher, “May/Can I leave at 3:45 today I must/have to have an eye examination.” As expected, the teacher said, “Yes, of course you can.”
【语法感悟】
观察以上短文可知，文中使用了大量的情态动词， _________表示能力也可表示
可能性或许可， __________常表示许可，也可用于推测，表示“可能”。must表示“必
须”，should/ought to表示“应该/按说应该”，而________则表示“禁止，不允许”，
shouldn't/oughtn't to表示“不应该”。_______相当于don't have to,表示“没有必要”。
can/could
may/might
mustn't
needn't
语法精讲
情态动词本身有一定的词义，通常跟动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的看法或主观设想。常见的情态动词主要有：can, could, may, might, must, ought to, shall, should, will和would。另外，dare, need, have to和used to也具有情态动词的某些特性。
一、情态动词的基本用法
1.can与could的用法
（1）表示能力，此时could是can的过去式，意思相当于be able to。
My grandmother can do some shopping on the Internet, but she couldn't last year.我奶奶会网购了，但是去年她还不会。
【温馨提示】
在一般过去时中，was/were able to通常表示能做并且已经做了的事，could仅表示能力。
I was able to swim to the bank when the ship sank.当船下沉时，我已经游到岸边了。
I could lift the heavy box.我能把那个沉重的盒子举起来。
（2）表示可能性，一般用于疑问句和否定句中，can't/couldn't意为“不可能”。
Can the news be true？这则消息可能是真的吗？
Your story can't/couldn't be true.你的故事不可能是真的。
（3）表示请求和许可，could表示更委婉的语气。
—Can/Could I go now？我现在可以走了吗？
—Yes, you can.是的，可以。
（4）表示理论上或习惯上的可能性，意为“有时会”。
As we all know, anyone can make mistakes.我们都知道，任何人都可能会犯错。
2. may与might的用法
（1）表示允许、许可。might在语气上比may更委婉。
May/Might I play computer games after supper？晚饭后我可以玩电脑游戏吗？
（2）表示可能性，用于肯定句。
I think he may come tomorrow.我认为明天他可能会来。
3.must与need的用法
（1）表示必要性。must意为“必须”，其否定式为mustn't（不准，禁止）。need意为“需要”，其否定式为needn't（不必）。
You mustn't do that, because you must keep your word.你不准那么做，因为你必须得遵守诺言。
You needn't do it if you don't want to.如果你不想做，你就不必做。
（2）must表示可能性，只能用在肯定句中，意为“一定，准是”。
You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.辛苦工作了一整天，你一定累了。（对现在情况的推测判断）
（3）must带有感彩，意为“偏偏，偏要”，常指令人不快的事情。
The car must break down just when I was about to start.我正要出发时, 车偏偏抛锚了。
4.will与would的用法
（1）表示意志、意愿和决心。will指现在，would指过去。
I will never do that again.我再也不那样做了。
They said that they would fight against the haze.他们说会与雾霾作斗争的。
（2）表示请求。would表示更委婉的语气。
Will/Would you please take a message for me 你能帮我捎个口信吗？
（3）表示规律性的“注定会”或习惯性的动作，意为“总是；习惯于”。will指现在，would指过去。
Fish will die without water.没有水鱼儿就会死。
We would sit around Grandpa after supper, listening to his stories.过去，晚饭后我们总会坐在爷爷周围，听他讲故事。
【温馨提示】
used to也表示过去的习惯性动作，多用于非正式场合，往往指后来停止了的动作。否定形式是didn't use to或used not to。
He used to take a walk near the forest in the evening.他过去常在晚间到森林附近散步。（而现在已不在那里散步了）
5.shall的用法
（1）shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或请求。
What shall I/we do next 我/我们下一步该做什么？
When shall my brother be able to leave hospital？ 我哥哥什么时候可以出院？
（2）shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁等。
You shall go with me.你跟我走。
You shall have a new dress for your birthday.你在生日时会得到一件新连衣裙。
He shall suffer for this.他会为此事吃苦头的。
（3）用于第三人称的陈述句中，表示正式文件、法律、规章制度等中的义务或规定。
Students shall not use calculators during exams.学生在考试中不得使用计算器。
No readers shall remove a book from the library without the consent of the librarian.
不经图书管理员的同意，读者不准把书带出图书馆。
6.should与ought to的用法
（1）should表示义务或建议，意为“应该”，其同义词是ought to。
You should/ought to go to class right away.你应该立刻去上课。
（2）should与ought to也可以表示主观判断，意思是“可能会，应该会”。
It's nine o'clock now. My mother should/ought to come back.现在九点钟了，我妈妈应该回来了。
7.dare与need的用法
dare和need既可以作实义动词，也可以作情态动词。
（1）dare和need作情态动词时，多用于疑问句、否定句中。
I dare not walk through the wood at night.夜间我不敢在树林里走。
You needn't worry about it.你没有必要担心它。
（2）dare作实义动词时，在否定句、疑问句中不定式符号to可以省略，need作实义动词时，后可接名词、动名词、不定式等，有人称、时态和数的变化。
The children don't dare （to） make a sound while their parents are sleeping.孩子们在父母睡觉时不敢弄出一点声音。
The bike needs repairing=The bike needs to be repaired.这辆自行车需要修理。
二、情态动词后的动词的时态形式
情态动词后接的动词可以有一般式、进行式、完成式、完成进行式四种形式。其一般式为“情态动词+动词原形”，表示情态动词的基本含义。
1.后接进行式，表示对正在发生的事情的推测。
He must be doing his homework now.他现在肯定在做他的家庭作业。
2.后接完成式，表示对过去情况的推测或与事实相反的虚拟。
You can't have seen Mary yesterday because she was in Paris.你昨天不可能见到玛丽，因为她在巴黎。
You failed again. You should have done it much better.你又失败了。你本该做得更好的。
3.后接完成进行式，表示对持续动作的推测。
They are too tired now. They must have been working all day.他们现在太累了。他们肯定一整天都在工作。
三、“情态动词+have done”表示对过去的推测
1.must have done表示对过去发生的事或行为的肯定推测，把握性大，意为“一定做过某事”，只用于肯定句中。
Since she had not answered his letter she must have left there.由于她没有给他回信，她一定是已经离开那里了。
2.may/might have done表示对过去行为的推测，把握性小，意为“也许已经做过某事”，主要用于肯定句和否定句中。
John isn't at home. I think he may/might have gone to school.约翰不在家，我想他可能去上学了吧。
3.can't/couldn't have done表示对过去发生的事或行为的否定推测，意为“不可能做过某事”。can't语气更加强烈一些。
She can't/couldn't have heard you knocking at the door.她不可能听见你敲门。
【即学即练】选择合适的情态动词填空
may, dare, could, mustn't, be able to, must, had to, had better, should, needn't
I ① ______ not read with my eyes painful. My roommate suggested I should
have an eye examination.“You ② __________ go to the hospital and the doctor ③
_____ help you find out why,” he said.
When I arrived at the hospital, I found many people waiting there. So I ④
_______ wait for my turn. When it was my turn, the doctor examined my eyes
carefully and said, “I ⑤ _____ say you don't protect your eyes well. But you ⑥
_______ worry about it. Use some medicine and you ⑦ ________ make your eyes
so tired, and soon you will ⑧ __________ recover.” I said to myself, “I ⑨ _______
have protected my eyes.”
After returning, I told my roommate, “There is nothing serious with my eyes,
but from now on I ⑩ ______ try to protect my eyes.”
could
had better
may
had to
dare
needn't
mustn't
be able to
should
must(共36张PPT)
Section A Welcome to the unit & Reading
01
语篇研读·文本脉络全明晰
第一步 速读课文 理清脉络
Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.
Paras 1-2 An 1.___________ to the topic of “literature”.
Paras 3-5 Significant 2.________ of literature.
Para 6 A 3._________ of what literature is.
introduction
qualities
summary
第二步 精读课文 领悟细节
Ⅱ.Choose the best answer.
1. What is the author's purpose of sharing the story in Para 1 ( )
C
A. To entertain the readers. B. To share one of his experiences.
C. To introduce the topic of the passage.
D. To show us a way to enter a new world.
2. What is needed most if we want to fully understand a book ( )
D
A. The writer's race. B. The writer's personal life.
C. The main characters' life story. D. The environments the writer lives in.
3. What does the word “it” in Line 19 refer to ( )
A
A. The poem. B. The dead grass.
C. The truth and beauty. D. The quality of literature.
4. What elements should the literature contain to achieve permanence ( )
D
A. Truth and beauty. B. Dreams and magic.
C. The author's thoughts and feelings. D. Universal interest and personal style.
第三步 深读课文 融会提能
Ⅲ.Analyze and translate the sentences.
1. What amazed the child was not a new world, but the unnoticed music of the old.
［句式分析］本句是主从复合句。句中What amazed the child为 ______ 从句,
not...but连接两个对等成分，表示“______________ ”。
［尝试翻译］________________________________________________________________
主语
不是……而是
让孩子感到惊奇的不是一个新的世界，而是旧世界那被人忽视的音乐。
2. Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them
to our attention, just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds.
［句式分析］本句是主从复合句。句中until引导 __________ 从句，just as引导
__________ 从句。
［尝试翻译］_______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
时间状语
方式状语
有些真与美一直不为人所察觉，直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，这就正如贝壳把那些被人忽视的声音呈现出来一样。
3. One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes
before.
［句式分析］本句是主从复合句。句中who引导 __________；that引导定语从句，修
饰先行词 _______。
［尝试翻译］__________________________________________
定语从句
beauty
读它的人能够看到以前他眼睛所看不到的美。
4. When Christopher Marlowe's Doctor Faustus asks in the presence of Helen, “Was
this the face that launched a thousand ships ” he opens a door through which our
imagination enters a new world, a world of love, beauty and heroism.
［句式分析］本句是主从复合句。句中When引导__________从句，through which our
imagination enters a new world为______从句，修饰先行词 _______；that launched a
thousand ships为定语从句，修饰先行词the face。
［尝试翻译］_______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
时间状语
定语
a door
face 当克里斯托弗·马洛笔下的浮士德博士当着海伦的面问道，“这就是让一千艘战船起航的那张面孔吗？”他便打开了一扇门，通过这扇门，我们的想象力抵达了一个充满爱、美和英雄主义的新世界。
Ⅳ.Text summary.
We can get a lot of benefits 1.______ reading literature, as reading literature
2._______（create） a world of dreams and magic for us.3._________（enjoy） and
understand literature, we should know some of its 4.__________（significance）
qualities. The first is its description of truth and beauty 5.__________ will remain
unnoticed 6._____ some sensitive human souls bring them to our attention. The
second quality is 7.____（it） appeal to our feelings and imagination. The third is its
permanence, which contains two elements:universal interest and 8.________（person）
style. In summary, literature is the 9.__________（express） of life in forms of truth
and beauty, the 10._______（write） record of man's thoughts and feelings, and the
history of the human soul.
from
creates
To enjoy
significant
which/that
until
its
personal
expression
written
02
基础落实·必备知识全过关
Ⅰ.重点单词
1. ________ adj.非常认真的；诚实的，真诚的
earnest
2. _________ n.蝴蝶
butterfly
3. _________ n.文学，文学作品
literature
4. _____ n.贝壳；壳
shell
5. _______ vi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n.吸引力；申诉；呼吁
appeal
6. _____ n.灵魂；心性，内心
soul
7. _______ vt.使（船）下水；开始从事， 发动
launch
8. ________ vt.包含，含有，容纳
contain
9. ________ n.要素，基本部分
element
10. _________ adj.普遍的，共同的；普遍存在的
universal
11. _______ n.特色，特征 vt.以……为特色，是……的特征
feature
12. _______ n.作者，作家
author
13. _________ adv.因此，所以
therefore
14. ______ n.重要议题，争论的问题；问题，担忧；（报刊） 一期 vt.宣布，公布
issue
15. ______ n.（长篇） 小说
novel
16. ______ adj.上部的；上面的
upper
17. _____ n.差距；间隙
gap
18. ________ n.（事情发生的） 背景，环境，来龙去脉；上下文，语境
context
19. __________vt.确定；支配；决心 vi.决心→___________ adj.有决心的；坚定的
→_____________ n.决心
determine
determined
determination
20. __________adj.有重要意义的，显著的→____________ adv.有重大意义地;显著地
→___________ n.重要性
significant
significantly
significance
21. ___________n.描述，形容，说明→________ vt.描述→__________ adj.描述的
description
describe
descriptive
22. _________adj.感觉敏锐的；体贴的；敏感的；灵敏的→______ n.感觉；意识
→_________ adj.无意识的；失去知觉的
sensitive
sense
senseless
23. _______vt.& vi.反映，显示；映出（影像）；反射（声、光、热等）；沉思
→_________ n.反映；倒影
reflect
reflection
24. ________adj.有能力，有才能；能力强的→__________ n.才能，能力;容量
→_________ adj.无能力的；不胜任的
capable
capability
incapable
25. ________vt.& vi.唤起，被唤起；（使）醒来→_______ adj.醒着
awaken
awake
26. ___________ n.永久，持久性→__________ adj.永久的;永恒的
permanence
permanent
27. _________ n.总结，概括，概要→__________ v.总结;概括
summary
summarize
28. ________ adj.特定的；明确的，具体的→___________ adv.明确地;具体地
→__________ n.明确性；具体性
specific
specifically
specificity
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. ________________ 致力，专心, 献身
devote oneself to
2. ________________充分利用
make the best of
3. __________________即将发生（在某人身上），等待着（某人）
in store （for sb）
4. _________对……有吸引力；呼吁
appeal to
5. __________总之；简言之
in a word
6. _____________能够
be capable of
7. ________呈现；承担；接纳；雇用；穿上
take on
8. ____________总的来说
in summary
9. ___________合格；符合标准
measure up
10. _________ 无疑地
no doubt
11. _________ 凭借，利用
draw on
12. ___________ 因此；结果是
as a result
Ⅲ.重点句式
1. what引导主语从句
______________________（让孩子感到惊奇的）was not a new world, but the
unnoticed music of the old.
What amazed the child
2. 介词短语置于句首引起的完全倒装句
___________________________（每本书后是一个人）, behind the man is the race,
and behind the race are the natural and social environments.
Behind every book is a man
3. 抽象名词+定语从句
In a word, we have now reached a point _________________________（我们希望）
enjoy and understand literature.
where/in which we wish to
03
重难探究·能力素养全提升
重点词汇——讲练互动
1. devote oneself to 致力，专心，献身
●devote...to （doing）...把……用在/献给（做）……上
●devoted adj.忠实的;深爱的
be devoted to致力于，献身于；忠诚于
●devotion n奉献
【名师点睛】短语devote...to...中, to为介词, 所以后面跟名词、v.-ing形式, 类似的短
语还有object to, pay attention to, get down to, lead to, look forward to, stick to, be
used to, be opposed to, contribute to等。
①He devoted all his spare time to helping his students with their English.他把所有的业余时间都用来帮助他的学生学习英语。
②He loves the students and devotes himself to his work.他爱学生，对工作很投入。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句型转换
①The doctor's _________（devote） to his work sets an example for all of us.
devotion
②The young lady is devoted to teaching the deaf children and has little time to care
for her own daughter.
→_________________________________________ the young lady has little time to
care for her own daughter.（v.-ing形式作状语）
→__________________________________, the young lady has little time to care for
her own daughter.（v.-ed形式作状语）
Devoting herself to teaching the deaf children
Devoted to teaching the deaf children
2. appeal vi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n.吸引力；申诉；呼吁
●appeal to sb对某人有吸引力
appeal to sb for sth 呼吁/恳求某人某事
appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事
appeal to sth 激发某事物
●make an appeal to sb for sth为某事向某人呼吁或请求
make an appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁/恳求某人做某事
●appealing adj.有吸引力的，有感染力的
①The design has to appeal to all ages and social groups.设计得要雅俗共赏，老幼皆宜。
②He made an appeal to/appealed to other film stars to donate for the poor area.他呼吁其他影星为这一贫困地区捐款。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/词汇替换（替换加黑词汇）
①The Harry Potter books appeal ___ readers of all ages.
to
②He made one last appeal to his father __________（forgive） him.
to forgive
③The advertisement has deeply attracted me, so I want to apply for the position.
____________
appealed to
3. determine vt.确定；支配；决心 vi.决心
●determine+that/wh-从句 决定……
determine to do sth 决定做某事（表示动作）
determine on/upon （doing） sth 决定（做）某事
●be determined to do sth决心做某事（表示状态）
●with determination坚决地，果断地
①I have determined to carry on with the work no matter what happens.我已决定, 无论发生什么, 我都会把这项工作继续下去。
②It is your efforts, not your intelligence, that determine your success.决定你成功的是努力而非智力。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
①Mary shows great _____________（determine） to become a lawyer in the future.
determination
②___________（determine） to give up smoking, he threw away his remaining
cigarettes.
Determined
③I have determined ________ going to the countryside after graduation.
on/upon
4. draw on凭借, 利用
draw back 退缩；撤回
draw in （天黑）渐早；吸引
draw out 提取；拖长
draw up 起草, 草拟
①（2021·新高考Ⅰ卷）Their father attempted to comfort them, helping them to draw on the food materials to finish cooking breakfast for their mother.他们的父亲试图安慰他们，帮助他们利用食材为母亲做早餐。
②She has 20 years' teaching experience to draw on.她有20年的教育经验可用。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子
①Despite himself, he found himself being drawn ___ by the man's warmth and ease.
in
②最后一个问题使会议又延长了一个小时。
The final question ___________________________________.
drew the meeting out for another hour
③把你要做的所有事情列个清单。
_____________________________
you want to do.
Draw up a list of all the things
重点句式——多维剖析
1. what引导从句
【教材原句】What amazed the child was not a new world, but the unnoticed music of the old.让孩子感到惊奇的不是一个新的世界，而是旧世界那被人忽视的音乐。
what除了引导主语从句外，还可以引导宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，可在从句
中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。what在从句中作成分，意为“……的东西”，在含义上
等于“名词+that”。
①（2021·浙江6月卷）However, what my children want to do after school is picking up a screen.然而，我的孩子们放学后想做的是拿起数码产品。
②What excited us most was that he passed the exam.最使我们兴奋的是他通过了考试。
【即学即练】完成句子
①In 1492, Columbus reached __________________________（现在所称的美洲大陆）.
what is now called America
②After ______________________（似乎过了几个小时） he came out with a bitter
smile.
what seemed like hours
③The little girl is ____________________________ （不再是过去的样子了）.
no longer what she used to be
④You have no idea _______________ （我所遭受的）.
what I suffered
⑤Our school is located in ____________________________（曾经是一片小树林的地
方）.
what used to be a small forest
2. 介词短语置于句首引起的完全倒装句
【教材原句】Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments.每一本书的背后是一个人, 这个人的背后是某个种族, 这个种族的背后是自然和社会环境。
【解读】本句由三个分句构成，各分句都是完全倒装句。为了保持句子平衡或为了强调表语或状语，需要使用完全倒装。此时要注意句中的谓语动词单复数要与后面的主语保持一致。
●当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语，主语较长且是名词时，为了保持平衡或
强调表语，常把表语放在句首，引起句子完全倒装。
●表示时间、地点、方向等的副词，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, out, off
等放在句首，主语是名词，且谓语动词是lie, sit, stand, come, go, exist, live, rush等
不及物动词时，句子用完全倒装。注意：当主语是人称代词时，主谓不倒装。
●there be句型也属于一种完全倒装句。该句型中的be可以替换成表示“存在”的动词，
如 live, exist, lie, stand, seem, rise, remain, happen, come, go等。句型结构为“there+
存在类动词+主语”。
①Into the dark room walked David, who became surprised when hearing “Happy Birthday” shouted by his roommates.大卫走进了黑暗的房间，当听到室友喊“生日快乐”时，他惊讶万分。
②Gone are the days when we had no secrets.我们之间没有秘密的日子已经一去不复返了。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句型转换
①Just in front of our house _______（stand） a tall tree with a history of 1,000
years.
stands
②Here ___（be） the book you want.
is
③The Grand Hotel opened in 1990.And it sits on the seaside along the South Coast
Highway.
→On the seaside along the South Coast Highway _______________________________
_______________.
sits the Grand Hotel which opened in 1990
3. 抽象名词+定语从句
【教材原句】In a word, we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature.总之，我们现在已经到了希望享受和理解文学的阶段。
【解读】句中where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词a point, point指抽象地点。
●抽象名词, 如activity, case, point, state, stage, situation, atmosphere 等指“情况、情
形、形势等”且后接定语从句时, 常用where 或“介词+which”作引导词。
●如果抽象名词（如occasion, point, stage）在句中表示时间，其后的定语从句用when
引导。
●在抽象地点/时间名词后的定语从句中，如果关系词作主语或宾语，则需要用that或
which引导。
①It is a job where/in which you are doing something serious but interesting.这是一份让你正在做一些严肃但有趣的事情的工作。
②I have reached a point where I am supposed to make decisions of my own.我已经到了理应自己做决定的阶段。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
①Life is like a long race _______________ we compete with others to go beyond
ourselves.
where/in which
②Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _______________
consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.
where/in which
③Occasions are quite rare ______ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
when
多义词汇——自主练透
快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加黑词汇对应的意思。
1. reflect
A. v.反映，显示 B. v.映出（影像）
C. v.反射（声、光、热等） D. v.沉思
①The lake is calm and clear, and an old tower is reflected in the water. ___
B
②Our newspaper aims to reflect the views of the local community. ___
A
③When the sun's rays hit the earth， a lot of the heat is reflected back into
space.___
C
④Before I decide, I need time to reflect. ___
D
2. contain
A. v.包含，容纳 B. v.含有（物质、成分）
C. v.控制 D. v.防止蔓延/恶化
①She was unable to contain her excitement.___
C
②The envelop contains a Christmas card.___
A
③Watermelon contains rich vitamins.___
B
④More than a hundred firemen were sent to contain the fire at the factory. ___
D
