【中考夺分译林牛津版】2015英语中考夺分课件　语法精点击-专题8　动词分类及动词短语

课件87张PPT。专题8　动词分类及动词短语专题8 　动词分类和动词短语┃考点直击 ┃●1　助动词
协助主要动词构成谓语动词的词叫助动词。助动词是语法功能词，自身没有词义，不可单独使用。
1．帮助构成疑问句或否定句句式的助动词有do, does, did 及其否定形式。如：
Did you go home last week? 上周你回家了吗？专题8 　动词分类和动词短语2．帮助构成时态的助动词有be, have, shall, will等。如：
We are playing an interesting game.
我们正在玩一个有趣的游戏。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语●2　系动词
系动词亦称连系动词。系动词本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，构成系表结构。具体分类及用法如下：
1．状态系动词： 只有be动词。如：
They are always very happy. 他们总是很高兴。
2．持续系动词： 表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, rest, lie, stand。如：
I hope you'll keep fit.
我希望你能保持健康。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语3．表象系动词： 表示“看起来好像”，主要有seem, appear, look等。如：
My mother seems very satisfied with my progress. 我妈妈对我的进步似乎很满意。
4．感官系动词： 表示“……起来”，主要有feel(摸起来，感觉起来), smell(闻起来), sound(听起来), taste(尝起来，吃起来)等。如：
The dish smells delicious.
这道菜闻起来很香。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语5．变化系动词： 表示主语变成什么样，主要有become,
grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run等。如：
The small town is becoming busier and busier.
小镇变得越来越繁忙。
6．终止系动词： 主要有prove, turn out(结果是，证明是)等。如：
My plan turned out a success.
我的计划成功了。
[提醒]有些系动词也是实义动词，可单独作谓语。如：
He fell ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。
专题8 　动词分类和动词短语●3　情态动词
情态动词表示说话人的语气、看法，无人称和数的变化。情态动词有自己的词汇意思，但不能独立作谓语，后须跟动词原形。使用频率较高的情态动词有can(could), may(might), must, need, shall(should), will(would)及半情态动词have to, had better。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语1．can和could
(1)can(could)表示说话人能、可以、同意、准许，以及客观条件允许做某事。could为can的过去式。表示请求时，could比can更委婉。如：
Could I borrow your pen?
我可以借你的钢笔吗？专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(2)can 意为“能，会”时，相当于be able to (适用于各种时态)，但can只有现在时和过去时两种时态变化。如：
A few months later, I'll be able to swim alone.
几个月后，我将能单独游泳。
(3)can't表示否定推测。如：
That can't be Mr Wang. He has gone to Beijing.
那不可能是王老师。他已经去北京了。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语2．may和might
may和might意为“可以”，表示说话人同意、许可或请求对方许可。 may也可表示祝愿。might 是may 的过去式，表示可能性更小、语气更加委婉。如：
May I take some photos here?
我可以在这儿拍些照片吗？
May you be happy. 祝你开心。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语3．must和have to
(1)must 意为“必须，应该，一定，准是”，表示说话人认为有必要做某事，或命令、要求别人做某事以及对事物的肯定推测。如：
He must be working in his office.
他一定正在他的办公室里工作呢。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(2)must 和 have to 的区别： must 表示说话人的主观意愿；have to 表示客观需要。如：
I must do my homework first.
我必须先做家庭作业。
It is raining hard outside. I have to stay at home.
外面雨下得正大。我不得不待在家里。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语4．need的用法
need 表示“需要，必须”。它主要用于否定句和疑问句，否定形式为needn't，表示“没有必要，不必”；回答need引导的问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用 needn't。此外，need还可以作实义动词使用。如：
—Need we do some cleaning now?
—No, you needn't.
“我们需要现在大扫除吗？”“不，你们不必。”
I need to see the doctor now.
我现在需要看医生。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语5．shall 和will
shall用于第一人称的句子表示提建议或请求；will用于第二人称疑问句表示征求意见或提建议。如：
Shall we go out for a walk? 我们出去散步好吗？
Will you go shopping with us?
你会和我们一起去购物吗？专题8 　动词分类和动词短语6．should和would
should可用于各种人称的句子，强调义务或责任；would是will的过去式，后跟动词原形构成过去将来时，可用于多种人称，表示意愿。如：
You should study harder.
你应该更加努力学习。
He said he would visit the Great Wall the next year. 他说他第二年将游览长城。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语7．had better
had better意为“最好”，没有人称的变化，后接不带to的不定式。如：
You had better exercise more. 你最好多锻炼。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语●4　动词短语
动词与介词、副词等构成的固定短语叫动词短语。动词短语主要有四类：
1．动词＋副词： 常见的有give up, think over, take off, write down, put off等。这些词组的宾语是名词时，既可放在副词前边，又可放在副词后边；宾语是人称代词或反身代词时，则要放在动词和副词中间。如：
They have decided to put off the meeting.
＝They have decided to put the meeting off.
他们已经决定推迟会议了。
Smoking is bad for your health. You must give it up. 吸烟对你的健康有害。你必须戒掉它。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语2．动词＋介词： 常见的有ask for, care about, look for, look after, send for, laugh at, hear of(from)等。如：
We shouldn't laugh at others.
我们不应该嘲笑别人。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语3．动词＋副词＋介词： 常见的有look down upon, get on with, catch up with等。如：
If you study hard, you'll catch up with your classmates.
如果你努力学习，你将会赶上你的同班同学。
4．动词＋名词＋介词： 常见的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。如：
Please pay more attention to details.
请多注意细节。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语┃考点过关┃
●　基础过关
(　　)1.The cloth________ very soft and comfortable.
A. smells　　　　B. tastes
C. feels D. soundsC (　　)2. Some of my friends eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what ________ nice.
A. feels B. smells
C．looks D. tastes专题8 　动词分类和动词短语C (　　)3.—Dick, ________ I use your e-dictionary?
—Sure. ________ you give it to Mike after you use it?
A. will; Would B. may; Might
C. can; Could D. shall; Should专题8 　动词分类和动词短语C　 专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)4. —I think her dress comes from the 1970s.
—It________ be from that time. It looks so modern on her.
A. mustn't B．can't
C．won't D．wouldn'tB 专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)5. —Must I do my homework now, Mum?
—________. You can do it tomorrow.
A. No, you needn't
B. No, you mustn't
C. Yes, you need
D. Yes, you mustA 专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)6. Rock music may________ nice to young people, but most old people can't stand it.
A. hear B. sound
C. look D. listenB　 (　　)7. Don't forget to take your bag when you________ the bus.
A. get off B. take off
C. turn off D. put off专题8 　动词分类和动词短语A get off意为“下(车)”；take off意为“脱下；起飞”；turn off意为“关上”；put off意为“推迟”。句意：当你下车时不要忘记带上你的包。故选A。
(　　)8. Her sister________ a taxi driver. Now she works for a charity.
A. is used to be
B. were used to being
C．is used to being
D．used to be专题8 　动词分类和动词短语D 专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)9. —What do you think of my shirt? It________ cotton.
—It looks nice on you.
A. is made in B. is made for
C. is made of D．is made byC (　　)10. —Allen, your bedroom is in a mess.
—Sorry, Mum. I'll ________ my things at once.
A. put on B. put away
C. put out D. put upB　 put on意为“穿上”；put away意为“收起来”；put out意为“熄灭”；put up意为“张贴，搭建”。由句意知选B。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)1.[2014·河南] Choosing the right circle of friends will ________ us a lot of troubles, heartaches and possibly a life of deep regret.
A．save B．share
C．keep D．bring●　中考透视A考查动词词义的辨析。句意：选择正确的朋友圈将会给我们避免许多烦恼，悲伤以及生活中可能的深深的遗憾。save意为“节省，保存，挽救，避免”；share意为“分享”；keep意为“保持”；bring意为“带来”。此句中应用save。 专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)2.[2014·绵阳] —May I have a look at your plan for the robot competition, Smith?
?—Sorry, Mrs Brown. I've ________ it at home.
A．missed B．forgotten C．left D．lostC考查动词固定搭配。句意：“史密斯，我能看看你的机器人竞赛计划吗？”“很抱歉，布朗老师。我把它落在家里了。”“leave sth＋地点”表示“把某物落在某地”，为固定结构，故选C。 专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)3.[2014·荆州] —Do you like swimming in winter?
—Of course. The water ________ a bit cold at first, but then I am warm and full of energy.
A．feels B．tastes
C．smells D．looksA考查系动词。句意：“你喜欢冬泳吗？”“当然喜欢了。水一开始感觉有点凉，但很快我就感觉暖和起来，并且充满力量。”表达“感觉起来”应使用feel。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)4.[2014·鄂州] —I hope there ________ less pressure on us today.
—If so, we ________ enjoy a more pleasant life.
A．is; can
B．will be; can
C．will be; should
D．is; shouldB专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)5.[2014·内江] Oh, you are so clever! You have ________ a solution to the difficult problem!
A．gone on with B．made up
C．come up with D．given outC考查短语辨析。句意：哦，你太聪明了！你已经想出了解决这个难题的办法！go on with意为“继续”；make up意为“组成”；come up with意为“想出”；give out意为“分发”。故选C。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)6.[2014·随州] —Jim, you look sleepy. What's wrong?
—I________ to write a report last night.
A．looked up B．ended up
C．stayed up D．took upC考查动词短语。句意：“吉姆，你看起来昏昏沉沉的。怎么啦？”“昨晚我熬夜写了一份报告。”look up意为“查询”；end up意为“以……结束”；stay up意为“熬夜”；take up意为“从事”。故选C。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)7.[2014·黄石] About 50 family members of the Chinese passengers on Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 ________ answers at the meeting.
A．call for B．call up
C．call on D．call inA考查动词词组。句意：马航370航班上大约50名乘客的家属在会上要求给予答复。call for意为“要求，需要”；call up意为“打电话，召集”；call on意为“拜访”；call in意为“叫进，请进”。根据句意可知选A。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)8.[2014·荆州] —How was the concert last night?
—It was so good. Though it ________ nearly four hours, few people left early.
A．covered B．reached
C．lasted D．played C考查动词辨析。句意：“昨天晚上的音乐会怎么样啊？”“太好了。尽管它持续了接近4个小时，但几乎没有人提前离开。”cover意为“覆盖”；reach意为“到达”；last意为“持续”；play意为“演奏；打；踢”。根据答语句意可知，应使用last。┃语法专练┃
专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)1.The food here smells good, but what does it ________ like?
A．taste B．touch
C．seem D．feelA专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)2.—Mum, when can I go out to play football?
—Finish your homework first, or I ________let you go out.
A．don't B．didn't
C．won't D．haven'tC专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)3. The sense of happiness will increase if you ________ what you like to do.
A．do B．did
C．will do D．should doAif 意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。因此选A。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)4.Spring is a beautiful season when all trees ________ green.
A．turn B．sound
C．feel D．becomeA专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)5.It's cold outside. Why not________your coat?
A．put on B．take off
C．look for D. put off A专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)6.The young man broke his arm in the accident and had to________his job.
A．give up B．put up
C．cut up D. pick upA专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)7.—What do you think about Hans?
—He is very difficult to________with, but certainly he has a warm heart under cool appearance(外表)．
A．get on B．get in
C．get off D. get outA专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)8.[2014·十堰] —Smart phones are more and more popular now.
—So they are. But they still ________ too much.
A．pay B．cost
C．take D．spendB专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)9.Could you please help me________the TV? I want to watch the CCTV News.
A．turn down B．turn on
C．turn off D．turn upB专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)10.—What are you going to do during your vacation?
—I'm not sure.I have no time to________it at the moment.
A．come about B．think about
C．get over D．come overB专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)11.—This book________educating teenagers. Would you like to buy it?
—Yes, I'll take it.
A．aims at B．takes place
C．gives out D．sets upA专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)12.Please ________ these books, Jodie. I want to use the desk to do my homework.
A．take away B．give away
C．go away D．keep awayA专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)13.—I'm not sure how to pronounce this word.
—You'd better________its right pronunciation in the dictionary.
A．look after B．look down
C．look up D．look outC专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)14.Bill doesn't like the sunglasses in the ad because they can't ________ the sun well.
A．take out B．keep out
C．clean out D．look outB专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)15.He ________ some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris.
A．made out B．picked up
C．gave up D．took inB专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)16.—Four dollars a pair? I think it's a bit too much.
—If you buy three pairs, the price for each will ________ to three fifty.
A．come down B．take down
C．turn over D．go overA专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)17.—The sweater is very nice. I'll take it.
—But you'd better ________ first. I think it is a little large for you.
A．pay for it B．put it on
C．put it off D．try it onDpay for意为“付款”；put on意为“穿上”；put off意为“推迟”；try on意为“试穿”。由答语“我认为你穿有点儿大”可知应选D。 专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)18.Jack has never visited the Forbidden City, but he has ________ it.
A．stood for B．belonged to
C．heard about D．kept toC专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)19.[2014·咸阳] —When will your new book ________？
—It has not been decided yet.
A．find out B．come out
C．look up D．set up B考查动词短语辨析。句意：“你的新书何时出版？”“还没决定呢。”find out意为“查明”；come out意为“出版；开花”；look up意为“查阅”；set up意为“搭起；成立”。故选B。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)20. I'm not sure whether I can hold a party in the open air, because it ________ the weather.
A．stands for B．depends on
C．lives on D．agrees withB专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)21.________， you guys! You don't want to miss the train, do you?
A．Look up B．Give up
C．Hurry up D．Grow upClook up意为“查询”；give up意为“放弃”；hurry up意为“快点”；grow up意为“长大”。由后半句句意“你们不想错过火车”可知选C。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)22.—It's said that aliens tried to warn the astronauts on the moon to ________.
—Maybe they didn't like human beings to get close to them.
A．stay up B．stay out
C．stay away D．stay behindC专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)23.Mary heard somebody call her, so she turned ________to see who it was.
A．off 　B．out C．up　D．aroundD专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)24.If you ________ your name on the paper, you can get a magazine.
A．cut down B．look down
C．turn down D．write downD专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)25.[2014·襄阳] —I'm sorry I left my homework at home. Shall I go and ________ it?
—No, you needn't. Bring it here tomorrow.
A．get B．send
C．take D．passA专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)26. —All the oil in the world will ________ some day.
—Yeah. What shall we use for power at that time?
A．given away B．put away
C．run out D．set outC专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)27.[2014·襄阳] —Have you watched the TV show “Dad, Where Are We Going？”
—Yes, I have. In the show all the fathers and children have to ________ many difficulties.
A．use up B．come over
C．get over D．run outC考查短语辨析。句意：“你看过电视节目《爸爸去哪儿》吗？”“是的，我看过。在这个节目中，所有的爸爸和孩子都得克服一些困难。”use up意为“用完”；come over意为“过来”；get over意为“克服”；run out意为“用完”。故选C。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)28.—Could I________ your digital camera again?
—No problem. But I think you'd better go to the store to buy________since you often go travelling.
A．lend; one B．lend; it
C．borrow; one D．borrow; it C专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)29.Will the hotel ________ free breakfast ________ the guests?
A．provide; with B．provide; to
C．offer; with D．offer; to D专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)30.—How is people's life in the earthquake areas?
—They are living a much better life than we________.　
A．suggested B．expected
C．noticed D．supportedB专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)31.—May I smoke here?
—No, you ________. This is a no-smoking room.
A．needn't B．mustn't
C．couldn't D．wouldn'tB专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)32.We ________ the same history and culture with Taiwan people.
A．explain B．express
C．connect D．shareD专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)33.—Can I borrow your ruler, please?
—Yes, you ________. But you must return it to me before lunchtime.
A．have B．can
C．must D．used toB专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)34.My uncle ________ be tired. He has been running for a long time. But my aunt ________ be tired. She has just begun to run.
A．may not; must B．must; can't
C．can't; must D．must; may notBmust表推测时，语气最强烈，意为“肯定，一定”；can't表示否定的推测，意为“一定不(是)”。 专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)35.________ you sing English songs when you were 5 years old?
A．Can B．Need
C．Could D．MayC专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)36.His brother ________ play computer games because the computer doesn't work.
A．may not B．can't
C．mustn't D．needn'tB专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)37.[2014·南京] —Yesterday Tommy walked past my table and ________ my bowls and dishes.
—He should be careful next time.
A．knocked off B．took off
C．showed off D．turned offA考查动词词组辨析。上句句意：昨天汤姆走过我的餐桌，碰掉了我的碗和菜。knock off意为“碰掉”；take off意为“脱下”；show off意为“炫耀”；turn off意为“关掉”。根据句意可知选A。 专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)38.—________ I take some photos here?
—No, you ________．
A．May; mustn't B．Must; mustn't
C．May; needn't D．Could; won'tA用may提问时，否定回答用mustn't。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)39.I ________ stop playing computer games because of my poor eyesight.
A．may B．can't
C．have to D．mustn'tC专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)40.[2013·呼和浩特] When you visit a museum you should ________ the instructions and don't be against them.
A．compare with
B．look forward to
C．pay attention to
D．try outC专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)41.Look! How hard the snow is! You'd better ________．
A．stay here when it stops
B．not leave until it stops
C．not to leave at once
D．don't go home nowB专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)42.—Why is Tom's father so happy?
—Because only three students ________， ________ his son Harvey.
A．failed the exam; besides
B．made progress; except
C．made progress; including
D．passed the exam; withoutC专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)43.[2014·杭州] The boats take different routes, but they all ________ in the same place.
A．give up B．clear up
C．end up D．make upC考查动词短语的辨析。句意：所有的船只走了不同的航线，但它们都到同一地点结束航行。give up意为“放弃”；clear up意为“清理”；end up意为“结束”；make up意为“编造”。根据句意可知选C。专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)44. —Paul, what do you think of the iPhone 4s?
—I really like it, but I can't ________ it.
A．stand B．afford
C．spend D．refuseB专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)45.The government has ________ some organizations to help the poor students in the western areas of China.
A．taken up B．put up
C．picked up D．set upD专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)46.These photos are very valuable because they can ________ me ________ the life living in the countryside.
A．think; of B．remind; of
C．let; down D．wake; upB专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)47.Anyone who dances well can ________ the school dancing activities.
A．take part in B．take off
C．take out D．take care ofA专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)48.[2014·宁波] As the road to the airport is under repair, we will have to ________ early to get there in time.
A．turn off B．take off
C．put off D．set offD考查动词词组辨析。turn off意为“关闭”；take off意为“脱下，起飞”；put off意为“拖延，推迟”；set off意为“动身，出发”。句意：通往机场的路正在维修，为了及时到那儿，我们将不得不早早动身。根据句意应选D。 专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)49.[2014·常州] —Where shall I go for the summer holiday?
—How about Xiamen? It is a city worth ________ on a bike.
A．looking for
B．looking at
C．looking forward to
D．looking around D专题8 　动词分类和动词短语(　　)50.[2014·镇江] —What smells terrible, Ted?
—I'm sorry. I'll ________ my shoes and wash them at once.
A．take away B．put away
C．throw away D．keep awayA考查动词词组的辨析。句意：“泰德，什么这么难闻？”“对不起。我这就拿走我的鞋子去刷。” take away意为“拿走”；put away意为“收拾”；throw away意为“扔掉”；keep away意为“远离”。根据句意应该是“拿走”鞋子。故选A。