人教版（2019）选修二Unit 1 Science and Scientists Discover Useful Structures Predicative Clauses 课件(共30张PPT)
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选修二Unit 1 Science and Scientists Discover Useful Structures Predicative Clauses 课件(共30张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-11-24 16:34:49 | ||
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(共30张PPT)
Predicative Clauses
Noun Clauses主语从句
主语从句 ( The Subject Clause)
宾语从句 ( The Object Clause)
表语从句 (The Predicative Clause)
同位语从句 (The Appositive Clause)
Noun
Clauses
The person stood in front of you just now is headmaster.
The door remained closed.
My job is to teach you English.
The reason why he came late was that his clock didn’t work.
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的
What is the predicative？
表语从句的定义
The question is who will do it.
The question is difficult.
（ 表 ）
表语从句
（ 表 ）
在复合句中做表语的从句，叫做表语从句。它位于主句的系动词之后，对主语进行解释说明，使主语的内容具体化。
2. 表语从句的构成
主语 + 系动词 + 引导词 + 简单句
This is why he did it.
What I want to say is that I am tired.
表语从句
系动词的分类
1.感官类系动词（sound,look,taste,smell,feel)
2.变化类系动词(get,fall,grow,turn,go,become…)
be动词
3.状态系动词
保持类系动词（keep,remain,stay）
似乎类系动词（ seem, appear ）
证明类系动词（prove, turn out)
表语从句的判断
The judgment of the predicative clause
系动词后的成分为表语。系动词后的从句为表语从句。
（am, is, are, was, were)，意为“是”
Underline all the examples in the reading passage where noun clauses are used as the predicative on page 5.
Then state their meaning and functions.
1. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. (Para. 2)
2. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. (Para. 2)
3. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. (Para. 3)
4. The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste . (Para. 4)
1. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. (Para. 2)
一种理论认为是空气不好导致了这种疾病。
2. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. (Para. 2)
另一种说法是霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。
3. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. (Para. 3)
4. The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste . (Para. 4)
这个女人似乎非常喜欢水泵里的水，所以她每天都要把水送到她家里。
事实是，街上水泵的水已经被垃圾污染了
3. 引导词
从属连词：that / whether
as if /as though (if不引导表语从句)
连接代词：who / whom / whose / which/ what
连接副词：when / where / why / how
that 在从句中仅起连接作用，无实际意义，在句中不作任何成分，不能省略。
（1）that
One theory was that bad air caused the disease.
（2）whether
we want to know is .
我们想知道的是他是否会来帮助我们。
2. we are worried about is .
我们担心的是他是否很快好转。
whether he will come to help us
whether he will feel better soon
whether 在句子中不充当任何成分，但具有“是否”的意义。注意：if不能引导表语从句
What
What
as if / though引导表语从句时，在句子中不充当任何成分，但有意义。译为：似乎，好像。
He looks as if he were a rich man.
It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.
（3）as if/through
他看起来好像是个有钱人。
听起来好像有人在敲门。
as if/as though引导的表语从句如果是事实，就用陈述语气，如果与事实不符，就用虚拟语气(主句一般现在时，从句就用一般过去时。主句是一般过去时，从句用过去完成时 )。
1. It sounds as if someone ___ knocking at the door. (与事实相符)
听起来好像有人敲门。
2. Tom likes to talk big as if he ______ an important person.
汤姆喜欢说大话，好像他是一个重要的人。
(对现在的虚拟，用一般过去时，be动词用were)
3. He opens his mouth as if he ________ say something.
他张开嘴，似乎将说些什么。
(对将来的虚拟，用would/could/might+do)
4. He talked about Rome as if he ___________ there.
他谈到罗马，就好像他去过那里一样。
(对过去的虚拟，用had done)
were
would
had been
is
(4) what 在表语从句中充当____________________ 表示_____________________________________.
The question is what caused the accident.
That mountain is no longer what it used to be .
What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.
主语、宾语或表语
什么，什么样子，或所…的（人或事）
(5) who 在表语从句中充当________________
表示____.
1. The problem is who could do the work.
2. My trouble is who (whom) I can turn to.
3. Could you tell me who he is
主语、宾语或表语
谁
(6) which 在引导表语从句时,常充当___________
表示 。
I read about it in some book or another,but what I don’t know is which (book) it is.
我在某本书或另一本书中读到过它，但我不知道它是哪本（书）。
定语,表语
哪一个,哪一些
(7)where, when, why, how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当地点、时间、原因、方式状语，本身具有词义。
The question is how he did it.
That is where he was born.
问题是他如何做此事的。
那就是他出生的地方。
This is why she was late for the meeting.
这就是她会议迟到的原因。
That/It is /was why…… 那是……的原因 (强调结果）
That/It / is/ was because …… 那是因为…… （强调原因）
The reason/ cause is that… ……的原因是……
注意：
She often comes late. That’s she has a baby to take care of.
She has a baby to take care of. That’s often comes late .
because
why
她经常迟到。 那是因为她有孩子要照顾。
强调“迟到”的原因。
(强调原因）
他有一个孩子要照顾。 那是她经常迟到的原因。
强调“迟到”的结果。
（强调结果）
1.The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.
A. because B. that C. for D. because of
2.This is ___ Sara was late for the meeting.
A. why B. what C. how D. That
3. The reason is ___ he is unable to operate the machine.
A. because B. why C. that D. Whether
B
C
A
表原因的名词reason作句子主语时，表语从句常用that引导。
句意：他失败的原因是他太粗心了。
强调结果
句意：这就是萨拉开会迟到的原因。
表原因的名词reason作句子主语时，表语从句常用that引导。
句意：原因是他无法操作机器。
4. 使用虚拟语气的表语从句
在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用“should+动词原形” 表示，should可省略。常见的词有：
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.
一 “坚持”
二 “命令”
三 “建议”
四 “要求”
insist
order/ command
suggest/ advise/ recommend
request/ require/demand/ ask
小结：
1. 表语从句的构成:
引导词+简单句
2. 引导词:
｛
连词：that, whether, as ,as if
连接代词：who, what, which
连接副词：when, where, how ,why
3. 三个注意点:
②if 不引导表语从句
③主语为reason时，引导词用that
④语序
①that引导表语从句时不能省略
如何选择表语从句的引导词？
1. 分析表语从句的句子结构
2. 分析表语从句表达的句意
主语 + 系动词 + 引导词 + 简单句
表语从句
[2020 新高考全国Ⅰ卷 完形填空]
Besides, the number of snakes had declined as well. He realized that it was there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the heat.
[2020 全国Ⅰ卷 阅读]
And that’s makes the act of rereading so rich and can be worth the effort.
[2020 全国Ⅱ卷 七选五]
The good news is it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
because
what
that
此外，蛇的数量也减少了。 他意识到这是因为没有足够的树木来保护他们免受高温。
使重读行为变得丰富多彩和有变革意义的东西
好消息是它易于学习并且值得付出努力。
1. The problem is has took away with the document.
2.That is mice ruin many stores of grain every year.
3.My strongest memory is I attended an American wedding.
4. It looks we shall have to walk home.
who
how
when
as if/ though
表语从句缺主语，而且指人，用who
句意：问题是谁拿走了文件。
表语从句成分完整，指的是方式，用 how
句意：那就是老鼠是怎样每年损害大量粮食的。
表语从句成完整，指的是时间，用when
句意：我最深刻的记忆是参加一个美国婚礼。
表语从句成分完整，表示“似乎、好像”
句意：看来我们得步行回家了。
7.His advice to his grandma is that she (make) good use of her spare time.
8. Everything in my childhood crowded in to my mind as if it
(happen) just now.
（should）make
had happened
在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用“should+动词原形” 表示，should可省略。
as if 引导的表语从句，与现在事实相反，表示对过去的虚拟，用 had +done
句意：童年的一切一下子涌入我的脑海中,仿佛刚刚发生似的。
III.完成句子
1)The fact was _____________________________.
事实是他没有做真正的尝试。
2) The question is ____________________________.
问题是这部电影是否值得看。
3) Now _______________she had known Millie for years.
现在看起来好像她认识米莉已有好多年了。
4) My advice is that you_______________________as often as possible.
我的建议是你要尽可能经常地联系说英语。
5) That’s __________________________________.
那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。
6) The problem is ________________________________.
问题是谁才真正适合做这份艰苦的工作。
that he didn’t really try
whether the film is worth seeing
it seems as if
practice speaking English
where I first met her
who is really fit for the hard job
Tom：Spell STOP three times.
Jerry： .
Tom：What will you do when you come to a green light？
Jerry： .
A：STOP. STOP. STOP.
B：I don’t know.
A：I will stop.
B：Yes. He was at home.
STOP. STOP. STOP.
I will stop.
Tom：Then what will you do when you come to a red light.
Jerry： .
Tom：What？At a red light？
Jerry：No, I will stop first to see the color of the light. .
A：I will stop.
B：I will go on.
I will stop.
A：Then I will go on.
B：What do you mean
Then I will go on.
as if that what who when
how why whose which whether
A: Absolutely ! You may not believe it, but that was _________ happened
at the initial stage of our group's research on developing a vaccine for
malaria.
B: Yes, it is. And it seemed _________ all the theories were useful, but the
fact was _________ we couldn't persuade one another that one theory
was better than another.
C: Exactly The problem was not about _________ all our theories were
equally good, but in deciding _________ theory to depend upon.
D: We realised that what we cared about was not_________ aspect we needed to develop a theory in , but rather
_____________we can reduce the cost of a vaccine without reducing its effect!
E: You’re right. At last, we became focused on the key issue, which was__________ we had to carry out the reseach in the first place.
what
as if
that
whether
whose
which
how
why
Thank you!
Predicative Clauses
Noun Clauses主语从句
主语从句 ( The Subject Clause)
宾语从句 ( The Object Clause)
表语从句 (The Predicative Clause)
同位语从句 (The Appositive Clause)
Noun
Clauses
The person stood in front of you just now is headmaster.
The door remained closed.
My job is to teach you English.
The reason why he came late was that his clock didn’t work.
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的
What is the predicative？
表语从句的定义
The question is who will do it.
The question is difficult.
（ 表 ）
表语从句
（ 表 ）
在复合句中做表语的从句，叫做表语从句。它位于主句的系动词之后，对主语进行解释说明，使主语的内容具体化。
2. 表语从句的构成
主语 + 系动词 + 引导词 + 简单句
This is why he did it.
What I want to say is that I am tired.
表语从句
系动词的分类
1.感官类系动词（sound,look,taste,smell,feel)
2.变化类系动词(get,fall,grow,turn,go,become…)
be动词
3.状态系动词
保持类系动词（keep,remain,stay）
似乎类系动词（ seem, appear ）
证明类系动词（prove, turn out)
表语从句的判断
The judgment of the predicative clause
系动词后的成分为表语。系动词后的从句为表语从句。
（am, is, are, was, were)，意为“是”
Underline all the examples in the reading passage where noun clauses are used as the predicative on page 5.
Then state their meaning and functions.
1. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. (Para. 2)
2. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. (Para. 2)
3. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. (Para. 3)
4. The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste . (Para. 4)
1. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. (Para. 2)
一种理论认为是空气不好导致了这种疾病。
2. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. (Para. 2)
另一种说法是霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。
3. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. (Para. 3)
4. The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste . (Para. 4)
这个女人似乎非常喜欢水泵里的水，所以她每天都要把水送到她家里。
事实是，街上水泵的水已经被垃圾污染了
3. 引导词
从属连词：that / whether
as if /as though (if不引导表语从句)
连接代词：who / whom / whose / which/ what
连接副词：when / where / why / how
that 在从句中仅起连接作用，无实际意义，在句中不作任何成分，不能省略。
（1）that
One theory was that bad air caused the disease.
（2）whether
we want to know is .
我们想知道的是他是否会来帮助我们。
2. we are worried about is .
我们担心的是他是否很快好转。
whether he will come to help us
whether he will feel better soon
whether 在句子中不充当任何成分，但具有“是否”的意义。注意：if不能引导表语从句
What
What
as if / though引导表语从句时，在句子中不充当任何成分，但有意义。译为：似乎，好像。
He looks as if he were a rich man.
It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.
（3）as if/through
他看起来好像是个有钱人。
听起来好像有人在敲门。
as if/as though引导的表语从句如果是事实，就用陈述语气，如果与事实不符，就用虚拟语气(主句一般现在时，从句就用一般过去时。主句是一般过去时，从句用过去完成时 )。
1. It sounds as if someone ___ knocking at the door. (与事实相符)
听起来好像有人敲门。
2. Tom likes to talk big as if he ______ an important person.
汤姆喜欢说大话，好像他是一个重要的人。
(对现在的虚拟，用一般过去时，be动词用were)
3. He opens his mouth as if he ________ say something.
他张开嘴，似乎将说些什么。
(对将来的虚拟，用would/could/might+do)
4. He talked about Rome as if he ___________ there.
他谈到罗马，就好像他去过那里一样。
(对过去的虚拟，用had done)
were
would
had been
is
(4) what 在表语从句中充当____________________ 表示_____________________________________.
The question is what caused the accident.
That mountain is no longer what it used to be .
What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.
主语、宾语或表语
什么，什么样子，或所…的（人或事）
(5) who 在表语从句中充当________________
表示____.
1. The problem is who could do the work.
2. My trouble is who (whom) I can turn to.
3. Could you tell me who he is
主语、宾语或表语
谁
(6) which 在引导表语从句时,常充当___________
表示 。
I read about it in some book or another,but what I don’t know is which (book) it is.
我在某本书或另一本书中读到过它，但我不知道它是哪本（书）。
定语,表语
哪一个,哪一些
(7)where, when, why, how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当地点、时间、原因、方式状语，本身具有词义。
The question is how he did it.
That is where he was born.
问题是他如何做此事的。
那就是他出生的地方。
This is why she was late for the meeting.
这就是她会议迟到的原因。
That/It is /was why…… 那是……的原因 (强调结果）
That/It / is/ was because …… 那是因为…… （强调原因）
The reason/ cause is that… ……的原因是……
注意：
She often comes late. That’s she has a baby to take care of.
She has a baby to take care of. That’s often comes late .
because
why
她经常迟到。 那是因为她有孩子要照顾。
强调“迟到”的原因。
(强调原因）
他有一个孩子要照顾。 那是她经常迟到的原因。
强调“迟到”的结果。
（强调结果）
1.The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.
A. because B. that C. for D. because of
2.This is ___ Sara was late for the meeting.
A. why B. what C. how D. That
3. The reason is ___ he is unable to operate the machine.
A. because B. why C. that D. Whether
B
C
A
表原因的名词reason作句子主语时，表语从句常用that引导。
句意：他失败的原因是他太粗心了。
强调结果
句意：这就是萨拉开会迟到的原因。
表原因的名词reason作句子主语时，表语从句常用that引导。
句意：原因是他无法操作机器。
4. 使用虚拟语气的表语从句
在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用“should+动词原形” 表示，should可省略。常见的词有：
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.
一 “坚持”
二 “命令”
三 “建议”
四 “要求”
insist
order/ command
suggest/ advise/ recommend
request/ require/demand/ ask
小结：
1. 表语从句的构成:
引导词+简单句
2. 引导词:
｛
连词：that, whether, as ,as if
连接代词：who, what, which
连接副词：when, where, how ,why
3. 三个注意点:
②if 不引导表语从句
③主语为reason时，引导词用that
④语序
①that引导表语从句时不能省略
如何选择表语从句的引导词？
1. 分析表语从句的句子结构
2. 分析表语从句表达的句意
主语 + 系动词 + 引导词 + 简单句
表语从句
[2020 新高考全国Ⅰ卷 完形填空]
Besides, the number of snakes had declined as well. He realized that it was there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the heat.
[2020 全国Ⅰ卷 阅读]
And that’s makes the act of rereading so rich and can be worth the effort.
[2020 全国Ⅱ卷 七选五]
The good news is it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
because
what
that
此外，蛇的数量也减少了。 他意识到这是因为没有足够的树木来保护他们免受高温。
使重读行为变得丰富多彩和有变革意义的东西
好消息是它易于学习并且值得付出努力。
1. The problem is has took away with the document.
2.That is mice ruin many stores of grain every year.
3.My strongest memory is I attended an American wedding.
4. It looks we shall have to walk home.
who
how
when
as if/ though
表语从句缺主语，而且指人，用who
句意：问题是谁拿走了文件。
表语从句成分完整，指的是方式，用 how
句意：那就是老鼠是怎样每年损害大量粮食的。
表语从句成完整，指的是时间，用when
句意：我最深刻的记忆是参加一个美国婚礼。
表语从句成分完整，表示“似乎、好像”
句意：看来我们得步行回家了。
7.His advice to his grandma is that she (make) good use of her spare time.
8. Everything in my childhood crowded in to my mind as if it
(happen) just now.
（should）make
had happened
在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用“should+动词原形” 表示，should可省略。
as if 引导的表语从句，与现在事实相反，表示对过去的虚拟，用 had +done
句意：童年的一切一下子涌入我的脑海中,仿佛刚刚发生似的。
III.完成句子
1)The fact was _____________________________.
事实是他没有做真正的尝试。
2) The question is ____________________________.
问题是这部电影是否值得看。
3) Now _______________she had known Millie for years.
现在看起来好像她认识米莉已有好多年了。
4) My advice is that you_______________________as often as possible.
我的建议是你要尽可能经常地联系说英语。
5) That’s __________________________________.
那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。
6) The problem is ________________________________.
问题是谁才真正适合做这份艰苦的工作。
that he didn’t really try
whether the film is worth seeing
it seems as if
practice speaking English
where I first met her
who is really fit for the hard job
Tom：Spell STOP three times.
Jerry： .
Tom：What will you do when you come to a green light？
Jerry： .
A：STOP. STOP. STOP.
B：I don’t know.
A：I will stop.
B：Yes. He was at home.
STOP. STOP. STOP.
I will stop.
Tom：Then what will you do when you come to a red light.
Jerry： .
Tom：What？At a red light？
Jerry：No, I will stop first to see the color of the light. .
A：I will stop.
B：I will go on.
I will stop.
A：Then I will go on.
B：What do you mean
Then I will go on.
as if that what who when
how why whose which whether
A: Absolutely ! You may not believe it, but that was _________ happened
at the initial stage of our group's research on developing a vaccine for
malaria.
B: Yes, it is. And it seemed _________ all the theories were useful, but the
fact was _________ we couldn't persuade one another that one theory
was better than another.
C: Exactly The problem was not about _________ all our theories were
equally good, but in deciding _________ theory to depend upon.
D: We realised that what we cared about was not_________ aspect we needed to develop a theory in , but rather
_____________we can reduce the cost of a vaccine without reducing its effect!
E: You’re right. At last, we became focused on the key issue, which was__________ we had to carry out the reseach in the first place.
what
as if
that
whether
whose
which
how
why
Thank you!