漯河市2022—2023学年上学期期末质量监测
高三英语
考生须知：
1. 本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟；
2. 答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写学校、班级、姓名、试场号、座位号及准考证号；
3. 所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效；
4. 考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。
卷Ⅰ
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man going to buy for Jarsmin
A. A Barbie. B. A typewriter C. An old artwork
2. How much did the man pay in the end
A. $300 B. $600. C. $900.
3. What does the woman really mean
A. No competitors get injured.
B. Some competitors are giving up.
C. Competitors will go to the final despite difficulties.
4. What does the woman want to give the man
A. A coat. B. A book. C. Some fruits.
5. Which subject does the man want to change to
A. Chinese. B. Painting. C. Business communication.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which car has got its back damaged
A. The white car. B. The black car. C. The red car.
7 What will the speakers probably do next
A. Call the ambulance.
B. Turn to the police.
C. Take the injured to the hospital.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues. B. Aunt and nephew. C. Classmates.
9. W hat’s the weather like in Sydney this time of year
A. Very cold. B. Very sunny C. Very cool.
10. What will the man do in Sydney
A. Visit Mary. B. Stay with his aunt. C. Celebrate the New Year.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题
11. What kind of plane ticket does the woman want
A. First class. B. Business class. C. Economy class
12. When does the woman plan to leave for Sydney
A. At 7:15. B. At 6:00. C. At 4:45.
13. How will the woman pay for her tickets
A. By paying at once online.
B. By paying at the check-in desk.
C. By turning to a person to pay at once.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Whose birthday is it today
A Tony’s. B. Helen’s. C. Jack’s.
15. How does the man find this model plane
A. Terrible. B. Cheap. C. Wonderful.
16. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At Tony’s house.
B. In the old Street Market.
C. In a bookstore.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did Hip-Hop start
A. In the 2000s. B. In the 1990s. C. In the 1970s.
18. What was the problem of the youth in New York to make music
A. They couldn’t afford expensive instruments.
B. They were not always so popular.
C. They were too busy to practice.
19. What is special about the break dancing
A. It is easy to learn.
B. It was like fighting at first.
C. It is now a big business.
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about
A. The birth of two pop cultures.
B. The character of two pop cultures.
C. The development of two pop cultures.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Best Outdoor Activities in Orlando
Organ Pipe Cactus (仙人掌) National Monument
This national monument in Arizona is located within the Sonoran Desert, which spans more than 330,000 acres and is one of the few places in the US where you can see the country’s largest cacti. This “green desert” gets its name from the organ pipe cactus, whose branches mimic the musical instrument. Visitors can explore 31 cactus species and wildflowers through the monument’s many hikes, including the Nature Trail, a short and accessible paved trail. Take your camera, because the area is also home to the Sonoyta mud turtle, desert bighorn, and birds such as the Gila woodpecker and cactus wren.
Red Rock State Park
Located in the center of the state, Red Rock State Park is a popular road trip destination and a must-see attraction during a multi-day trip to the Sedona area. The nature preserve features a visitor center and picnic areas that invite visitors to enjoy the scenic beauty of the Arizona red rocks that surround them. With environmental education and conservation top of mind, Red Rock State Park is a primary place that asks visitors to hike lightly, pack out what they pack in and stick to the trails.
Sedona
Sedona is regularly described as one of America’s most beautiful places. Nowhere else will you find a landscape as dramatically colorful. The towering red rocks and jagged sandstone hills matched against an almost always blue sky have attracted professional and young artists for years. Plus, filmmakers have chosen these burning rock formations in north-central Arizona as the backdrop for such box-office hits as “3:10 to Yuma,” “Broken Arrow” and “Midnight Run.”
Orlando Watersports Complex (OWC)
On top of all that exciting lake-borne action, those looking for something exciting can take part in OWC’s Aquapark, a group of LEGO-inspired ships with climbing barriers, slides and more that will wear you and more importantly, your kids out! No special skills are required, life jackets keep things super safe, and hours of fun are virtually guaranteed. The minimum age for the Aqua park is six and reservations are definitely recommended.
1. What can you do at Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument
A Play musical instruments. B. Explore unknown tracks.
C. Harvest unusual roses. D. Take photos of wild animals.
2. Why does Sedona appeal to quantities of filmmakers
A. Colorful scenery. B. Touching legends
C. Burning hot weather. D. Steep mountains.
3. Which of the following destinations needs advance booking
A. Red Rock State Park B. Sedona
C. OWC’s Aquapark D. Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument.
B
Recently, the topic “Chinese people can eat such a sweet melon but can’t do without this grandma” has topped the hot search list. The grandma is 92-year-old Wu Mingzhu called “Queen of Chinese Melon”, a melon-growing expert and academician. Among Wu Mingzhu’s classmates was Yuan Longping, who later became the “father of hybrid rice”.
Wu Mingzhu was born in 1930 into a scholarly family in Wuhan City. After her graduation in 1953, she was assigned to work in the Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in Beijing. Wu declined. “What I studied was the science of fruit and vegetables. I wanted to work in the field not in an office,” said Wu.
In 1955, Wu voluntarily went to work in Shanshan County. Turpan Basin surrounded by the very famous Flame Mountain, where working conditions were quite harsh. She found that the Hami melon, a rare specialty fruit which was once common in the area, was in danger of becoming extinct if not properly cultivated. Wu spent a full three years visiting over 300 production teams, picking out 44 varieties. She overcame varieties of setbacks to produce particularly delicious melons in a scientific way, winning over the local farmers accustomed to folk cultivation methods. Then the promotion area covered 80 percent of Xinjiang’s main commodity areas, and a group of melon-rich villages emerged.
In 1973, in order to speed up the breeding process and shorten the cultivation cycle, Wu, 42 then, decided to go to Hainan for melon breeding. She wanted to develop Hainan as a pilot area to improve the speed and efficiency of breeding. so that the south area of China could also grow melons, and realized the dream of three-matured or even four-matured melons. After numerous difficulties, finally in the 80s, the melon variety selected by Wu succeeded.
For more than 60 years, Wu Mingzhu has cultivated more than 30 varieties, dedicated the sweetness of melons to the people, and promoted the melon series with Chinese characteristics and a complete breeding innovation system to the world. When first hearing her nickname of “a pearl in the Turpan Basin” Wu said, “In Xinjiang, there are thousands of science and technology workers like me. They have worked hard for decades on the frontline of agriculture. I’m just one of the ordinary ones.”
4. Why did the author mention Yuan Longping in the first Paragraph
A. To let us get a further glimpse of Wu.
B. To inform us that she lives longer than Yuan.
C. To prove her success resulting from Yuan’s help.
D. To tell us she graduated from a world-rate university.
5. For what did Wu refuse the good job in Beijing
A. She had studied science for years.
B. The Flame Mountain in Xinjing fascinated her.
C. Making money easily in Xingjing is what she love.
D. She had a preference for working in the field rather than in the office.
6. How did Wu persuade the locals in Xinjiang into giving up old cultivation methods
A. By persuading them into taking her advice.
B. By providing enough financial assistance.
C. By presenting high-quality melons scientifically.
D. By recommending the local government to adopt favorable policies.
7. Which of the following best describes Wumingzhu
A. Efficient and energetic B. Devoted and modest
C. Flexible and frank D. Positive and tolerant
C
In the poverty-stricken neighborhoods in and around Manila, Philippines, millions of people live in darkness in their homes—even in the daytime. Electricity is often too expensive, and windows are a building expense that many cannot bear. To change this, a local social entrepreneur has created a program called A Liter of Light that shines the homes of underprivileged families by creating solar-powered light bulbs from a resource some may find surprising: used plastic soft drink bottles.
Volunteers for A Liter of Light begin by gathering abandoned, clear plastic bottles. The volunteers then fill each bottle with water and a few drops of chlorine bleach that can hold back algae (藻) growth. They then fit the bottle tightly into a custom-cut hole in the roof of a home, with the bottom of the bottle extending down into the room below. This allows the clear plastic bottle and water to reflect the sun’s rays and scatter light into the house. A silicone (硅酮) plastic sealant applied to the roof and bottle prevents water leaks during rainy.
On a sunny day, this simple device can produce approximately 50 watts of light in an otherwise dark room. Because plastics are lightweight and durable, the bottle lights are easy to install and are expected to last more than five years. And the materials to produce the lights cost very little—or nothing, in the case of abandoned bottles gathered by volunteers—which makes it possible for A Liter of Light to help many, many people.
This simple technology was originally the brainchild of Alfredo Moser from Brazil, a mechanic in SAA Paulo, Brazil, to light his workshop when his neighborhood was suffering energy shortages. Later it was updated largely by MIT students who use lead acid batteries coming with a 30-watt solar panel that can withstand strong winds.
This grassroots movement has spread to 32 countries, involving 2,800 young volunteers from around the world. Liter of Light is rethinking solar lighting for the developing world, using inexpensive and readily available materials. The technology is simple and creates local jobs, teaches green skills and empowers energy-poor communities.
8. What leads to so many people still living in darkness in Manila
A. The lack of sufficient wood and stone to build houses.
B. Unaffordable electricity and building materials.
C. The extreme weather caused by global climate.
D. The highest rate of unemployment.
9. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2
A. The principle behind the lights. B. The hardships the volunteers face.
C. The process of producing the lights. D. The greatness of the selfless volunteers.
10. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph4
A. The mechanic. B. The plastics they use.
C. The technology. D. The workshop.
11. The purpose of the writer in writing the passage is ________
A. to explain the reasons to choose plastic bottles as lights.
B. to urge us to donate to those in need on earth.
C. to show us ways to fight against poverty.
D. to introduce a program A Liter of Light.
D
By human standards, a few vertebrate (脊椎动物) species have incredible longevity. Some tortoises live for nearly 200 years. Bowhead whales can live even a decade or two longer. But now there’s a new champion: the Greenland shark — which has been swimming in the seas for almost three centuries according to conservative estimates. The shark which grows to more than 6 meters (20 ft) can live up till 272 years, and possibly a hundred years more than that.
Julius Nielsen is a marine biologist and PhD student at the University of Copenhagen. While on a research vessel in Greenland where such sharks were accidentally caught, Nielsen became curious about the creatures.
“And perhaps the biggest of all the mysteries was how long these sharks actually live. Because it has been expected that they can get very old, and that’s based on some observations of very, very slow growth… so the longevity could be exceptional and extreme, but it has just never been possible to investigate.”
That’s because Greenland sharks don’t have the same body structures used for valuing the age of most fish or even other sharks. So Neilsen and colleagues used a new technique based on the lens of the eye. The centers of the lenses can be analyzed by radiocarbon (放射性碳) dating to determine about when the shark was born. They tested 28 female sharks.
“And what we found was that the biggest shark in our analysis, and also the oldest shark, was estimated — the most likely single year age was almost approximately 390 years,” Nielsen said. “That makes the Greenland shark the longest-living vertebrate known to science.” And at the upper limit, it’s possible that the shark is more than 500 years old. The study is in the journal Science.
Also shocking: the researchers estimate that the sharks live at least a century before they reach sexual maturity. “And of course it is absolutely amazing and difficult for a human mind to understand that sexual reproduction begins so late in life.”
In the paper Nielsen and his colleagues said, “And the thing about Greenland sharks is just we don’t know how many sharks are out there.” With a century to do it, humans could accidentally wipe out the entire next generation of these sharks during their long, slow adolescence.
12. What does the first paragraph mainly show
A. Sea tortoises is called the star of longevity.
B All vertebrate species have incredible longevity.
C. Bowhead whales can live longer than a hundred years.
D. The Greenland shark can live much larger than we thought.
13. Which one of the following is true
A. It has been confirmed that the Greenland shark can live over 3 centuries.
B. The longevity of the Greenland shark confused Julius Nielsen most.
C. It is hard to estimate the longevity of the Greenland shark for the same body structures with other animals.
D. Humans have understood that sexual reproduction begins so late in life.
14. What is Julius Nielsen’s attitude towards the future of the Greenland shark
A. Concerned. B. Positive. C. Ironic. D. Amazed.
15. Which is the suitable title for the text
A. Uncover Existing Longest Sharks
B. Global Warming Makes Longest Sharks
C. King of Longevity — the Greenland Shark
D. Champion of Hunting—the Greenland Shark
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Entering a new environment can be scary for students of any age. Anxiety can become an unpleasant disorder that interferes with daily life for some people. If you are struggling with anxiety at school, you are not alone. ____16____ This blog post will discuss some tips for coping with anxiety beforehand.
Display confident, open body language. ____17____ If your arms are crossed, you might seem unfriendly. If you toy with your hair, you may look anxious or nervous. To make a great impression, keep your arms uncrossed and make eye contact with people. Stand tall with your shoulders back so you appear confident.
____18____ The best impression you can make is an authentic one. You shouldn’t have to hide your personality or completely change who you are to make friends. People can usually tell if you’re being sincere and you’ll make better friendships if you act like yourself!
Set out your outfit (全部用品) and pack your bag before you go to bed. ____19____ Then, pack any notebooks, folders, and writing supplies that you might need in your backpack. Getting all set the night before means you won’t be rushing around in the morning which can stress you out.
Get to school a little early. You’ll probably need to find your classroom. If you’re running behind, you might feel stressed out. Try to get to school at least 10 minutes early so you can hang out a little before class starts.
Be ready to introduce yourself. Most teachers do an icebreaker exercise so everyone learns names. You’ll probably have to share something interesting so think about what you’d like to share about yourself. ____20____
A. Be true to yourself.
B. First, lay out your clothes.
C. Your body language tells a lot about your feelings.
D. This is a great chance to say hi to classmates or ask for directions
E. It’s really not hard to make a good first impression on your teacher.
F. Millions of students around the world deal with this issue every day.
G. You might talk about your hobbies, favorite sports or where you’ve traveled.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Which ones are quick language learners, adults or young children It is not hard to answer, because there is new evidence showing kids really can learn things much ____21____ than adults.
A study published in Current Biology ____22____ that children and adults have different concentrations (含量) of a key brain messenger called GABA. This ____23____ makes newly-learned materials steadier. It also produces a calming effect and is thought to largely ____24____ nerve cell hyperactivity associated with ____25____, stress, and fear.
The team used neuro-imaging ____26____ to examine visual perceptive learning in elementary pupils and adults. ____27____ were shown multiple different images and were later asked questions about them following the test. The visual learning ____28____ an increase of GABA in children’s visual cortex (大脑皮层), the area of the brain that ____29____ visual information. GABA levels didn’t change at all when adults _____30_____ the same visual tests. Children participants kept GABA _____31_____ for hours after training ended, while the concentrations of GABA remained _____32_____ in the adults studied.
“In continuous behavioral experiments, we found that children _____33_____ steadied new learning much more rapidly than adults, which _____34_____ the common belief that children are _____35_____ to adults in their learning abilities,” study co-author Sebastian M. Frank said. “Our results proves GABA as a _____36_____ player in making learning efficient in children.”
These results, the authors argue, should _____37_____ teachers and parents to keep giving children opportunities to learn anything from riding a bike to playing an instrument throughout their _____38_____.
In future studies, the team plans to _____39_____ the differences in maturation rates between brain regions and functions and GABA responses in other _____40_____ of learning, such as reading and writing.
21. A. deeper B. slower C. faster D. longer
22. A. infers B. finds C. dedicates D. responds
23. A. messenger B. brain C. study D. team
24. A. strengthen B. guarantee C. enrich D. control
25. A. happiness B. relaxation C. anxiety D. comfort
26. A. arms B. abilities C. techniques D. furniture
27. A. Adults B. Subjects C. Researchers D. Pupils
28. A. set up B. set aside C. set down D. set off
29. A. processes B. provides C. shrinks D. interrupts
30. A. arranged B. took C. suffered D. digested
31. A. floating B. booming C. collapsing D. sleeping
32. A. consistent B. reliable C. ambiguous D. arbitrary
33. A. partly B. doubtfully C. indeed D. vaguely
34. A. proves B. predicts C. opposes D. ignores
35. A. similar B. equal C. familiar D. superior
36. A. key B. ridiculous C. poisonous D. random
37. A. force B. encourage C. reserve D. allow
38. A. revolution B. teens C. childhood D. voyage
39. A. inquire B. comprehend C. immerse D. explore
40. A. characters B. descriptions C. certificates D. types
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上
It’s rare for an unusually smelly dish to become a national favorite, which is exactly _____41_____ has happened with Luosifen or river snail rice noodles, now one of the _____42_____ (hot) food trends in China.
Luoshifen, known for its infamous smell, is _____43_____ iconic soup dish originated in Liuzhou, a city in China’s north-central Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. It features rice noodle soaked in a spicy soup flavored by river snails and _____44_____ (top) with locally grown ingredients including bamboo shoots, string beans, peanuts and tofu skin. While some say the scent should be classed as a bioweapon, those _____45_____ favor it say they can never forget the magical taste. Despite _____46_____ (have) the word “snail” in its Chinese name, it is actually a _____47_____ (combine) of river snails and rice noodles, where snails don’t commonly appear in the dish, but are used to flavor the soup.
Thanks to the efforts of people and government officials in Guangxi. Luoshifen _____48_____ (list) as national intangible cultural heritage, as well as getting UNESCO recognition since 2021. In the past, it would have been hard for non-locals to share locals’ enthusiasm for this strange regional dish — or even to try it. But luosifen’s magic has_____49_____ (unexpected) spilled beyond its birthplace and overtaken the entire country, owing to a DIY packaged form — which many describe _____50_____ the “luxury version of instant noodles” — usually comes with eight or more ingredients in vacuum-sealed packets
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
We meet at the school gate at 9 o’clock as scheduled. Upon arrival, we were divided into seven groups, each take charge of an area. Besides, we put up a slogan to call on visitors protect the environment
With summer approaching, more and more people along with their kids spend their time in the forest park which some people leave behind them a trail of rubbishes. Unfortunately, our activity successfully drew much attention from a public in the park. Some gave us the thumbs up, and some joined in us voluntarily. How a successful and meaning activity he was.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，你的英国好友Paul获悉第二十一届中国食品博览会(China Food Fair)在2023年1月14-15日在你市举行，对在你家乡举行的此次活动非常感兴趣，写信向你了解有关情况，并想让你帮他购买一些展会上的美食邮寄到英国一饱口福。
1. 介绍中国食品博览会
2. 推荐展会美食
3. 通知邮寄的细节
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________漯河市2022—2023学年上学期期末质量监测
高三英语
考生须知：
1. 本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟；
2. 答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写学校、班级、姓名、试场号、座位号及准考证号；
3. 所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效；
4. 考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。
卷Ⅰ
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man going to buy for Jarsmin
A. A Barbie. B. A typewriter C. An old artwork
2 How much did the man pay in the end
A. $300 B. $600. C. $900.
3. What does the woman really mean
A. No competitors get injured.
B. Some competitors are giving up.
C. Competitors will go to the final despite difficulties.
4. What does the woman want to give the man
A. A coat. B. A book. C. Some fruits.
5. Which subject does the man want to change to
A. Chinese. B. Painting. C. Business communication.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which car has got its back damaged
A. The white car. B. The black car. C. The red car.
7. What will the speakers probably do next
A. Call the ambulance.
B. Turn to the police.
C. Take the injured to the hospital.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues. B. Aunt and nephew. C. Classmates.
9. W hat’s the weather like in Sydney this time of year
A. Very cold. B. Very sunny C. Very cool.
10. What will the man do in Sydney
A. Visit Mary. B. Stay with his aunt. C. Celebrate the New Year.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题
11. What kind of plane ticket does the woman want
A. First class. B. Business class. C. Economy class
12. When does the woman plan to leave for Sydney
A. At 7:15. B. At 6:00. C. At 4:45.
13. How will the woman pay for her tickets
A. By paying at once online.
B. By paying at the check-in desk.
C. By turning to a person to pay at once.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Whose birthday is it today
A. Tony’s. B. Helen’s. C. Jack’s.
15. How does the man find this model plane
A. Terrible. B. Cheap. C. Wonderful.
16. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At Tony’s house.
B. In the old Street Market.
C. In a bookstore.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did Hip-Hop start
A. In the 2000s. B. In the 1990s. C. In the 1970s.
18. What was the problem of the youth in New York to make music
A. They couldn’t afford expensive instruments.
B. They were not always so popular.
C. They were too busy to practice.
19. What is special about the break dancing
A. It is easy to learn.
B. It was like fighting at first.
C. It is now a big business.
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about
A. The birth of two pop cultures.
B. The character of two pop cultures.
C. The development of two pop cultures.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Best Outdoor Activities in Orlando
Organ Pipe Cactus (仙人掌) National Monument
This national monument in Arizona is located within the Sonoran Desert, which spans more than 330,000 acres and is one of the few places in the US where you can see the country’s largest cacti. This “green desert” gets its name from the organ pipe cactus, whose branches mimic the musical instrument. Visitors can explore 31 cactus species and wildflowers through the monument’s many hikes, including the Nature Trail, a short and accessible paved trail. Take your camera, because the area is also home to the Sonoyta mud turtle, desert bighorn, and birds such as the Gila woodpecker and cactus wren.
Red Rock State Park
Located in the center of the state, Red Rock State Park is a popular road trip destination and a must-see attraction during a multi-day trip to the Sedona area. The nature preserve features a visitor center and picnic areas that invite visitors to enjoy the scenic beauty of the Arizona red rocks that surround them. With environmental education and conservation top of mind, Red Rock State Park is a primary place that asks visitors to hike lightly, pack out what they pack in and stick to the trails.
Sedona
Sedona is regularly described as one of America’s most beautiful places. Nowhere else will you find a landscape as dramatically colorful. The towering red rocks and jagged sandstone hills matched against an almost always blue sky have attracted professional and young artists for years. Plus, filmmakers have chosen these burning rock formations in north-central Arizona as the backdrop for such box-office hits as “3:10 to Yuma,” “Broken Arrow” and “Midnight Run.”
Orlando Watersports Complex (OWC)
On top of all that exciting lake-borne action, those looking for something exciting can take part in OWC’s Aquapark, a group of LEGO-inspired ships with climbing barriers, slides and more that will wear you and more importantly, your kids out! No special skills are required, life jackets keep things super safe, and hours of fun are virtually guaranteed. The minimum age for the Aqua park is six and reservations are definitely recommended.
1. What can you do at Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument
A. Play musical instruments. B. Explore unknown tracks.
C. Harvest unusual roses. D. Take photos of wild animals.
2. Why does Sedona appeal to quantities of filmmakers
A. Colorful scenery. B. Touching legends
C. Burning hot weather. D. Steep mountains.
3. Which of the following destinations needs advance booking
A. Red Rock State Park B. Sedona
C. OWC’s Aquapark D. Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了奥兰多几个最佳户外活动场所。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Organ Pipe Cactus (仙人掌) National Monument部分中“Take your camera, because the area is also home to the Sonoyta mud turtle, desert bighorn, and birds such as the Gila woodpecker and cactus wren.(带上你的相机，因为这个地区也是索诺伊塔泥龟、沙漠大角羚和吉拉啄木鸟和仙人掌鹪鹩等鸟类的家园)”可知，在风琴管仙人掌国家纪念碑可以给野生动物拍照片，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Sedona部分中“Sedona is regularly described as one of America’s most beautiful places. Nowhere else will you find a landscape as dramatically colorful. The towering red rocks and jagged sandstone hills matched against an almost always blue sky have attracted professional and young artists for years. Plus, filmmakers have chosen these burning rock formations in north-central Arizona as the backdrop…(塞多纳经常被描述为美国最美丽的地方之一。在其他任何地方你都找不到如此丰富多彩的风景。高耸的红色岩石和锯齿状的砂岩山丘与几乎永远蔚蓝的天空相匹配，多年来吸引了专业人士和年轻艺术家。此外，电影制作人还选择了亚利桑那州中北部的这些燃烧的岩层作为背景……)”可知，塞多纳因其丰富多彩的风景吸引了大批电影制作人，故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Orlando Watersports Complex (OWC)部分中“The minimum age for the Aqua park is six and reservations are definitely recommended.(水上乐园的最低年龄是六岁，绝对建议预订)”可知，OWC的水上乐园需要提前预定，故选C。
B
Recently, the topic “Chinese people can eat such a sweet melon but can’t do without this grandma” has topped the hot search list. The grandma is 92-year-old Wu Mingzhu called “Queen of Chinese Melon”, a melon-growing expert and academician. Among Wu Mingzhu’s classmates was Yuan Longping, who later became the “father of hybrid rice”.
Wu Mingzhu was born in 1930 into a scholarly family in Wuhan City. After her graduation in 1953, she was assigned to work in the Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in Beijing. Wu declined. “What I studied was the science of fruit and vegetables. I wanted to work in the field not in an office,” said Wu.
In 1955, Wu voluntarily went to work in Shanshan County. Turpan Basin surrounded by the very famous Flame Mountain, where working conditions were quite harsh. She found that the Hami melon, a rare specialty fruit which was once common in the area, was in danger of becoming extinct if not properly cultivated. Wu spent a full three years visiting over 300 production teams, picking out 44 varieties. She overcame varieties of setbacks to produce particularly delicious melons in a scientific way, winning over the local farmers accustomed to folk cultivation methods. Then the promotion area covered 80 percent of Xinjiang’s main commodity areas, and a group of melon-rich villages emerged.
In 1973, in order to speed up the breeding process and shorten the cultivation cycle, Wu, 42 then, decided to go to Hainan for melon breeding. She wanted to develop Hainan as a pilot area to improve the speed and efficiency of breeding. so that the south area of China could also grow melons, and realized the dream of three-matured or even four-matured melons. After numerous difficulties, finally in the 80s, the melon variety selected by Wu succeeded.
For more than 60 years, Wu Mingzhu has cultivated more than 30 varieties, dedicated the sweetness of melons to the people, and promoted the melon series with Chinese characteristics and a complete breeding innovation system to the world. When first hearing her nickname of “a pearl in the Turpan Basin” Wu said, “In Xinjiang, there are thousands of science and technology workers like me. They have worked hard for decades on the frontline of agriculture. I’m just one of the ordinary ones.”
4. Why did the author mention Yuan Longping in the first Paragraph
A. To let us get a further glimpse of Wu.
B. To inform us that she lives longer than Yuan.
C. To prove her success resulting from Yuan’s help.
D. To tell us she graduated from a world-rate university.
5. For what did Wu refuse the good job in Beijing
A. She had studied science for years.
B. The Flame Mountain in Xinjing fascinated her.
C. Making money easily in Xingjing is what she love.
D. She had a preference for working in the field rather than in the office.
6. How did Wu persuade the locals in Xinjiang into giving up old cultivation methods
A. By persuading them into taking her advice.
B. By providing enough financial assistance.
C. By presenting high-quality melons scientifically.
D. By recommending the local government to adopt favorable policies.
7. Which of the following best describes Wumingzhu
A. Efficient and energetic B. Devoted and modest
C. Flexible and frank D. Positive and tolerant
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了“西瓜女王”吴明珠潜心研究甜瓜60几年，帮助我国实现吃瓜自由。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。第一段中“The grandma is 92-year-old Wu Mingzhu called ‘Queen of Chinese Melon’, a melon-growing expert and academician.(这位奶奶是92岁的吴明珠，她被称为‘中国西瓜女王’，是一位西瓜种植专家和院士)”是介绍吴明珠的信息，接着下文“Among Wu Mingzhu’s classmates was Yuan Longping, who later became the “father of hybrid rice”.(吴明珠的同学中有后来成为‘杂交水稻之父’的袁隆平)”提到，吴明珠的同学中有人们所熟知的‘杂交水稻之父’的袁隆平，这是为了让我们进一步了解吴明珠，故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“‘What I studied was the science of fruit and vegetables. I wanted to work in the field not in an office,’ said Wu.(吴说：‘我研究的是水果和蔬菜的科学。我想在田间工作，而不是在办公室里，’)”可知，吴拒绝在北京的工作是因为比起在办公室里工作，她更喜欢在田间工作，故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“She overcame varieties of setbacks to produce particularly delicious melons in a scientific way, winning over the local farmers accustomed to folk cultivation methods.Then the promotion area covered 80 percent of Xinjiang’s main commodity areas, and a group of melon-rich villages emerged.(她克服了各种挫折，以科学的方式生产出特别美味的西瓜，赢得了当地习惯民间种植方法的农民的支持。随后，推广区覆盖了新疆80%的主要商品区，出现了一批盛产瓜的村庄。)”可知，吴明珠通过以科学的方式产出优质瓜来说服新疆当地人放弃旧的种植方法。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“For more than 60 years, Wu Mingzhu has cultivated more than 30 varieties, dedicated the sweetness of melons to the people, and promoted the melon series with Chinese characteristics and a complete breeding innovation system to the world. When first hearing her nickname of ‘a pearl in the Turpan Basin’ Wu said, ‘In Xinjiang, there are thousands of science and technology workers like me. They have worked hard for decades on the frontline of agriculture. I’m just one of the ordinary ones.’(60多年来，吴明珠培育了30多个品种，把甜瓜的甘甜奉献给人民，把具有中国特色的甜瓜系列和完整的育种创新体系推向世界。当第一次听到她被称为‘吐鲁番盆地的一颗明珠’时，吴说：‘在新疆，有成千上万像我这样的科技工作者。他们几十年来一直在农业第一线辛勤工作。我只是一个普通人。’)”可知，60多年来吴明珠致力于培育优质瓜种，当被别人称赞为“吐鲁番盆地的一颗明珠”时，她说自己只是一个普通人，故她全心全意奉献于自己的事业，且很谦虚，故选B。
C
In the poverty-stricken neighborhoods in and around Manila Philippines, millions of people live in darkness in their homes—even in the daytime. Electricity is often too expensive, and windows are a building expense that many cannot bear. To change this, a local social entrepreneur has created a program called A Liter of Light that shines the homes of underprivileged families by creating solar-powered light bulbs from a resource some may find surprising: used plastic soft drink bottles.
Volunteers for A Liter of Light begin by gathering abandoned, clear plastic bottles. The volunteers then fill each bottle with water and a few drops of chlorine bleach that can hold back algae (藻) growth. They then fit the bottle tightly into a custom-cut hole in the roof of a home, with the bottom of the bottle extending down into the room below. This allows the clear plastic bottle and water to reflect the sun’s rays and scatter light into the house. A silicone (硅酮) plastic sealant applied to the roof and bottle prevents water leaks during rainy.
On a sunny day, this simple device can produce approximately 50 watts of light in an otherwise dark room. Because plastics are lightweight and durable, the bottle lights are easy to install and are expected to last more than five years. And the materials to produce the lights cost very little—or nothing, in the case of abandoned bottles gathered by volunteers—which makes it possible for A Liter of Light to help many, many people.
This simple technology was originally the brainchild of Alfredo Moser from Brazil, a mechanic in SAA Paulo, Brazil, to light his workshop when his neighborhood was suffering energy shortages. Later it was updated largely by MIT students who use lead acid batteries coming with a 30-watt solar panel that can withstand strong winds.
This grassroots movement has spread to 32 countries, involving 2,800 young volunteers from around the world. Liter of Light is rethinking solar lighting for the developing world, using inexpensive and readily available materials. The technology is simple and creates local jobs, teaches green skills and empowers energy-poor communities.
8. What leads to so many people still living in darkness in Manila
A. The lack of sufficient wood and stone to build houses.
B. Unaffordable electricity and building materials.
C. The extreme weather caused by global climate.
D. The highest rate of unemployment.
9. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2
A. The principle behind the lights. B. The hardships the volunteers face.
C. The process of producing the lights. D. The greatness of the selfless volunteers.
10. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph4
A. The mechanic. B. The plastics they use.
C. The technology. D. The workshop.
11. The purpose of the writer in writing the passage is ________
A. to explain the reasons to choose plastic bottles as lights.
B. to urge us to donate to those in need on earth.
C. to show us ways to fight against poverty.
D. to introduce a program A Liter of Light.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍的是在菲律宾的马尼拉贫困社区，一个名为“A Liter of Light”的社会企业家推出了一项计划，通过利用废旧塑料软饮料瓶制作太阳能灯泡，为贫困家庭照亮家园。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In the poverty-stricken neighborhoods in and around Manila, Philippines, millions of people live in darkness in their homes—even in the daytime. Electricity is often too expensive, and windows are a building expense that many cannot bear. (在菲律宾马尼拉及其周边的贫困社区，数百万人即使在白天也生活在黑暗中。电费往往太贵，而窗户是许多人无法承受的建筑费用。)”可知，由于电费太贵，因此导致菲律宾马尼拉及其周边的贫困社区数百万人无法承受的建筑费用。故选B。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Volunteers for A Liter of Light begin by gathering abandoned, clear plastic bottles. The volunteers then fill each bottle with water and a few drops of chlorine bleach that can hold back algae (藻) growth. They then fit the bottle tightly into a custom-cut hole in the roof of a home, with the bottom of the bottle extending down into the room below. This allows the clear plastic bottle and water to reflect the sun’s rays and scatter light into the house. (“A Liter of Light”的志愿者们从收集废弃的透明塑料瓶开始。然后志愿者们在每个瓶子里装满水和几滴氯漂白剂，氯漂白剂可以抑制藻类的生长。然后，他们把瓶子紧紧地塞进屋顶上一个定制的洞里，瓶子的底部延伸到下面的房间。这使得透明的塑料瓶和水反射太阳光线，并将光线散射到房子里。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是产生光的过程。故选C。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“This simple technology was originally the brainchild of Alfredo Moser from Brazil, a mechanic in SAA Paulo, Brazil, to light his workshop when his neighborhood was suffering energy shortages.(这项简单的技术最初是来自巴西圣保罗的机械师阿尔弗雷多·莫泽的创意，当时他所在的社区正遭受能源短缺的困扰。)”可知，该技术来最初来自于巴西圣保罗的机械师阿尔弗雷多·莫泽的创意；同时根据划线词后文的内容“updated largely by MIT students who use lead acid batteries coming with a 30-watt solar panel that can withstand strong winds.( 主要由麻省理工学院的学生更新，他们使用带有30瓦太阳能电池板的铅酸电池，可以承受强风。)”可知，该技术在麻省理工学院的学生的实施下，进行了更新，即他们使用带有30瓦太阳能电池板的铅酸电池，可以承受强风。故划线词it指代前文的“this simple technology”即前文的发光技术。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“To change this, a local social entrepreneur has created a program called A Liter of Light that shines the homes of underprivileged families by creating solar-powered light bulbs from a resource some may find surprising: used plastic soft drink bottles.( 为了改变这种状况，当地的一位社会企业家创建了一个名为“A Liter of Light”的项目，通过利用一种可能会让一些人感到惊讶的资源——用过的塑料软饮料瓶——制造太阳能灯泡，为贫困家庭提供照明。)”以及通读全文可知，本文介绍的是在菲律宾的马尼拉贫困社区，一个名为“A Liter of Light”的社会企业家推出了一项计划，通过利用废旧塑料软饮料瓶制作太阳能灯泡，为贫困家庭照亮家园。故文章的目的是向读者们介绍一个名为A Liter of Light的项目。故选D。
D
By human standards a few vertebrate (脊椎动物) species have incredible longevity. Some tortoises live for nearly 200 years. Bowhead whales can live even a decade or two longer. But now there’s a new champion: the Greenland shark — which has been swimming in the seas for almost three centuries according to conservative estimates. The shark which grows to more than 6 meters (20 ft) can live up till 272 years, and possibly a hundred years more than that.
Julius Nielsen is a marine biologist and PhD student at the University of Copenhagen. While on a research vessel in Greenland where such sharks were accidentally caught, Nielsen became curious about the creatures.
“And perhaps the biggest of all the mysteries was how long these sharks actually live. Because it has been expected that they can get very old, and that’s based on some observations of very, very slow growth… so the longevity could be exceptional and extreme, but it has just never been possible to investigate.”
That’s because Greenland sharks don’t have the same body structures used for valuing the age of most fish or even other sharks. So Neilsen and colleagues used a new technique based on the lens of the eye. The centers of the lenses can be analyzed by radiocarbon (放射性碳) dating to determine about when the shark was born. They tested 28 female sharks.
“And what we found was that the biggest shark in our analysis, and also the oldest shark, was estimated — the most likely single year age was almost approximately 390 years,” Nielsen said. “That makes the Greenland shark the longest-living vertebrate known to science.” And at the upper limit, it’s possible that the shark is more than 500 years old. The study is in the journal Science.
Also shocking: the researchers estimate that the sharks live at least a century before they reach sexual maturity. “And of course it is absolutely amazing and difficult for a human mind to understand that sexual reproduction begins so late in life.”
In the paper Nielsen and his colleagues said, “And the thing about Greenland sharks is just we don’t know how many sharks are out there.” With a century to do it, humans could accidentally wipe out the entire next generation of these sharks during their long, slow adolescence.
12. What does the first paragraph mainly show
A. Sea tortoises is called the star of longevity.
B. All vertebrate species have incredible longevity.
C. Bowhead whales can live longer than a hundred years.
D. The Greenland shark can live much larger than we thought.
13. Which one of the following is true
A. It has been confirmed that the Greenland shark can live over 3 centuries.
B. The longevity of the Greenland shark confused Julius Nielsen most.
C. It is hard to estimate the longevity of the Greenland shark for the same body structures with other animals.
D. Humans have understood that sexual reproduction begins so late in life.
14. What is Julius Nielsen’s attitude towards the future of the Greenland shark
A. Concerned. B. Positive. C. Ironic. D. Amazed.
15. Which is the suitable title for the text
A. Uncover Existing Longest Sharks
B. Global Warming Makes Longest Sharks
C. King of Longevity — the Greenland Shark
D. Champion of Hunting—the Greenland Shark
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了研究发现脊椎动物中的长寿之王应该是格陵兰鲨。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“But now there’s a new champion: the Greenland shark — which has been swimming in the seas for almost three centuries according to conservative estimates. The shark which grows to more than 6 meters (20 ft) can live up till 272 years, and possibly a hundred years more than that. (但现在有了一个新的冠军：格陵兰鲨——据保守估计，它已经在海洋中游了近三个世纪。这种长到6（(20英尺）以上的鲨鱼可以活到272岁，甚至可能超过这个100岁)”可知，第一段主要展示格陵兰鲨的寿命比我们想象的要长得多。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““And perhaps the biggest of all the mysteries was how long these sharks actually live. Because it has been expected that they can get very old, and that’s based on some observations of very, very slow growth… so the longevity could be exceptional and extreme, but it has just never been possible to investigate.” (“也许最大的谜团是这些鲨鱼到底能活多久。因为人们一直预计它们会很老，这是基于对非常非常缓慢的生长的一些观察……因此，它们的寿命可能非常长，但一直无法进行调查。”)”可知，格陵兰鲨的长寿最让朱利叶斯·尼尔森感到困惑。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“With a century to do it, humans could accidentally wipe out the entire next generation of these sharks during their long, slow adolescence. (在一个世纪的时间里，人类可能会在它们漫长而缓慢的青春期中，意外地消灭整个下一代)”可推断，对于格陵兰鲨的未来，尼尔森是担心的，担心人们会导致它们的灭绝。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“But now there’s a new champion: the Greenland shark — which has been swimming in the seas for almost three centuries according to conservative estimates. The shark which grows to more than 6 meters (20 ft) can live up till 272 years, and possibly a hundred years more than that. (但现在有了一个新的冠军：格陵兰鲨——据保守估计，它已经在海洋中游了近三个世纪。这种长到6（(20英尺）以上的鲨鱼可以活到272岁，甚至可能超过这个100岁)”，以及下文研究人员对于这种鲨鱼的研究可知，本文主要讲述了长寿之王——格陵兰鲨的长寿的情况，因此推断C项“长寿之王——格陵兰鲨”为最佳标题。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Entering a new environment can be scary for students of any age. Anxiety can become an unpleasant disorder that interferes with daily life for some people. If you are struggling with anxiety at school, you are not alone. ____16____ This blog post will discuss some tips for coping with anxiety beforehand.
Display confident, open body language. ____17____ If your arms are crossed, you might seem unfriendly. If you toy with your hair, you may look anxious or nervous. To make a great impression, keep your arms uncrossed and make eye contact with people. Stand tall with your shoulders back so you appear confident.
____18____ The best impression you can make is an authentic one. You shouldn’t have to hide your personality or completely change who you are to make friends. People can usually tell if you’re being sincere and you’ll make better friendships if you act like yourself!
Set out your outfit (全部用品) and pack your bag before you go to bed. ____19____ Then, pack any notebooks, folders, and writing supplies that you might need in your backpack. Getting all set the night before means you won’t be rushing around in the morning which can stress you out.
Get to school a little early. You’ll probably need to find your classroom. If you’re running behind, you might feel stressed out. Try to get to school at least 10 minutes early so you can hang out a little before class starts.
Be ready to introduce yourself. Most teachers do an icebreaker exercise so everyone learns names. You’ll probably have to share something interesting so think about what you’d like to share about yourself. ____20____
A. Be true to yourself.
B. First, lay out your clothes.
C. Your body language tells a lot about your feelings.
D. This is a great chance to say hi to classmates or ask for directions
E. It’s really not hard to make a good first impression on your teacher.
F. Millions of students around the world deal with this issue every day.
G. You might talk about your hobbies, favorite sports or where you’ve traveled.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是进入一个新的环境里应对焦虑的技巧。
【16题详解】
根据空前的“If you are struggling with anxiety at school, you are not alone.(如果你在学校里与焦虑作斗争，你并不是唯一的。)”可知，在学校里与焦虑作斗争的人有很多，F选项“Millions of students around the world deal with this issue every day.(世界各地数以百万计的学生每天都在处理这个问题。)”讲述的是每天世界各地数以百万计的学生与焦虑作斗争，进一步阐述与焦虑作斗争的人有很多，承接空前的内容，其中deal with this issue与空前的struggling with anxiety内容一致。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据本段的主题句“Display confident, open body language.(展示自信、开放的肢体语言。)”可知，本段建议通过自信的肢体语言让自己看起来更加自信，以此应对焦虑，C选项“Your body language tells a lot about your feelings.(你的肢体语言透露了很多你的感受。)”讲述的内容与肢体语言相关，肢体语言透露了内心的感受，且与空后“If your arms are crossed, you might seem unfriendly. If you toy with your hair, you may look anxious or nervous.(如果你双臂交叉，你可能看起来不友好。如果你摆弄你的头发，你可能看起来焦虑或紧张。)”讲述的内容吻合。故选C项。
【18题详解】
分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，结合其他段落的主题句为祈使句可知，此处也应为祈使句，根据空后的“The best impression you can make is an authentic one. You shouldn’t have to hide your personality or completely change who you are to make friends.(你能给人留下的最好印象是真实的。你不应该为了交朋友而隐藏自己的个性或完全改变自己。)”可知，不应该为了交朋友而隐藏或者完全改变自己，做一个真实的自己，由此可知，本段讲述的内容应与作真实的自己有关，A选项“Be true to yourself.(忠于自己。)”为祈使句，且讲述的内容与空后的内容一致，概括了本段的主题。故选A项
【19题详解】
根据本段的主题句“Set out your outfit (全部用品) and pack your bag before you go to bed.(在睡觉前准备好你的全部用品，收拾好你的包。)”可知，本段建议提前准备好生活用品，根据空后的“Then, pack any notebooks, folders, and writing supplies that you might need in your backpack.(然后，把你可能需要的笔记本、文件夹和书写用品都装进背包里。)”可知，此处更详细的讲述的是准备好一些需要的学习用品，其中的then为解题的关键，由此可推断，此空处讲述的应是首先做的事情，B选项“First, lay out your clothes.(首先，把你的衣服摆好。)”讲述的与主题一致，且空后的then与此处的first衔接。故选B项。
【20题详解】
根据本段的主题句“Be ready to introduce yourself.(做好自我介绍的准备。)”可知，本段讲述的是做好自我介绍的准备，根据空前的“You’ll probably have to share something interesting so think about what you’d like to share about yourself.(你可能需要分享一些有趣的东西，所以想想你想分享关于你自己的什么。)”可知，在进行自我介绍的时候，可以分享一些有趣的事情，建议想一下分享什么，G选项“You might talk about your hobbies, favorite sports or where you’ve traveled.(你可以谈论你的爱好，最喜欢的运动或者你去过的地方。)”讲述的内容均为一些在自我介绍时可以分享的内容，与本段的主题一致，且与空前内容吻合。故选G项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Which ones are quick language learners, adults or young children It is not hard to answer, because there is new evidence showing kids really can learn things much ____21____ than adults.
A study published in Current Biology ____22____ that children and adults have different concentrations (含量) of a key brain messenger called GABA. This ____23____ makes newly-learned materials steadier. It also produces a calming effect and is thought to largely ____24____ nerve cell hyperactivity associated with ____25____, stress, and fear.
The team used neuro-imaging ____26____ to examine visual perceptive learning in elementary pupils and adults. ____27____ were shown multiple different images and were later asked questions about them following the test. The visual learning ____28____ an increase of GABA in children’s visual cortex (大脑皮层), the area of the brain that ____29____ visual information. GABA levels didn’t change at all when adults _____30_____ the same visual tests. Children participants kept GABA _____31_____ for hours after training ended, while the concentrations of GABA remained _____32_____ in the adults studied.
“In continuous behavioral experiments, we found that children _____33_____ steadied new learning much more rapidly than adults, which _____34_____ the common belief that children are _____35_____ to adults in their learning abilities,” study co-author Sebastian M. Frank said. “Our results proves GABA as a _____36_____ player in making learning efficient in children.”
These results, the authors argue, should _____37_____ teachers and parents to keep giving children opportunities to learn anything from riding a bike to playing an instrument throughout their _____38_____.
In future studies, the team plans to _____39_____ the differences in maturation rates between brain regions and functions and GABA responses in other _____40_____ of learning, such as reading and writing.
21. A. deeper B. slower C. faster D. longer
22. A. infers B. finds C. dedicates D. responds
23. A. messenger B. brain C. study D. team
24. A. strengthen B. guarantee C. enrich D. control
25. A. happiness B. relaxation C. anxiety D. comfort
26. A. arms B. abilities C. techniques D. furniture
27. A. Adults B. Subjects C. Researchers D. Pupils
28. A. set up B. set aside C. set down D. set off
29. A. processes B. provides C. shrinks D. interrupts
30. A. arranged B. took C. suffered D. digested
31. A. floating B. booming C. collapsing D. sleeping
32. A. consistent B. reliable C. ambiguous D. arbitrary
33. A. partly B. doubtfully C. indeed D. vaguely
34. A. proves B. predicts C. opposes D. ignores
35. A. similar B. equal C. familiar D. superior
36. A. key B. ridiculous C. poisonous D. random
37. A. force B. encourage C. reserve D. allow
38. A. revolution B. teens C. childhood D. voyage
39. A. inquire B. comprehend C. immerse D. explore
40. A. characters B. descriptions C. certificates D. types
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了持续的行为实验表明儿童确实比成人学东西快得多，他们在学习能力上更优越，而大脑中一种名为GABA的关键信使在提高儿童学习效率方面发挥了关键作用。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个问题不难回答，因为有新的证据表明，儿童确实比成人学东西快得多。A. deeper更深地；B. slower更缓慢地；C. faster更快地；D. longer更长久地。根据下文“we found that children ____13____ steadied new learning much more rapidly than adults”可知，此处表示儿童比成人学东西快得多，faster和下文的more rapidly呼应。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：发表在《当代生物学》期刊上的一项研究发现，儿童和成人大脑中一种名为GABA的关键信使的浓度不同。A. infers推断；B. finds发现；C. dedicates致力于；D. responds回应。根据下一段对研究过程和结果的描述可知，空后内容为该研究团队的研究发现。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种信使使新学到的素材更加稳定。A. messenger信使；B. brain大脑；C. study研究；D. team团队。根据上文“a key brain messenger called GABA”可知，此处指代上文提到的GABA，即大脑信使。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它还能产生镇静作用，被认为能在很大程度上控制与焦虑、压力和恐惧相关的神经细胞过度活跃。A. strengthen加强；B. guarantee保证；C. enrich丰富；D. control控制。根据上文“It also produces a calming effect”可知，GABA可以产生镇静作用，由此可知，它可以控制相关的神经细胞过度活跃。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它还能产生镇静作用，被认为能在很大程度上控制与焦虑、压力和恐惧相关的神经细胞过度活跃。A. happiness幸福；B. relaxation放松；C. anxiety焦虑；D. comfort舒适。根据下文“stress, and fear”可推知，此处和压力和恐惧等负面情绪相关，anxiety“焦虑”符合语境。故选C。
26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究小组使用神经成像技术检查小学生和成人的视觉感知学习能力。A. arms武器；B. abilities能力；C. techniques技术；D. furniture家具。根据上文“neuro-imaging”可推知，此处指研究小组使用神经成像技术。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员向受试者展示了多幅不同的图像，并在测试结束后向他们提问有关这些图像的问题。A. Adults成年人；B. Subjects受试者；C. Researchers研究人员；D. Pupils学生。根据上文“elementary pupils and adults”可知，此处指参与该研究的小学生和成人，即受试者。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：视觉学习引发了儿童视觉皮层（大脑中处理视觉信息的区域）中GABA的增加。A. set up建立；B. set aside留出；C. set down放下；D. set off引起。根据下文“an increase of GABA in children’s visual cortex”可推知，视觉学习应该是引发了儿童视觉皮层中GABA的增加。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：视觉学习引发了儿童视觉皮层（大脑中处理视觉信息的区域）中GABA的增加。A. processes处理；B. provides提供；C. shrinks收缩；D. interrupts打断。根据上文“the area of the brain”和下文“visual information”可推知，大脑中的这一区域负责处理视觉信息。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当成人参加同样的视觉测试时，GABA水平完全没有变化。A. arranged安排；B. took参加；C. suffered遭受；D. digested消化。根据上文“____7____ were shown multiple different images and were later asked questions about them following the test.”可推知，此处指成人参加同样的视觉测试。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在训练结束后的数小时内，儿童参与者的GABA水平持续增长，而成人参与者的GABA水平则保持不变。A. floating漂浮；B. booming激增；C. collapsing崩溃；D. sleeping睡眠。根据下文“while the concentrations of GABA remained ____12____ in the adults studied”可知，此处儿童和成人的GABA水平形成对比，成人的应该是没有变化，而儿童的在持续增长。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在训练结束后的数小时内，儿童参与者的GABA水平持续增长，而成人参与者的GABA水平则保持不变。A. consistent持续不变的；B. reliable可靠的；C. ambiguous模棱两可的；D. arbitrary武断的。根据上文“GABA levels didn’t change at all when adults ____10____ the same visual tests.”和“remained”可推知，此处指成人参与者的GABA水平则保持不变，consistent与上文的didn’t change at all呼应。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在持续的行为实验中，我们发现儿童确实比成人更快地稳定住新学习，这证明了儿童在学习能力上优于成人的普遍看法。A. partly部分地；B. doubtfully怀疑地；C. indeed确实；D. vaguely模糊地。根据上文“because there is new evidence showing kids really can learn things much ____1____ than adults”可知，新证据表明儿童学习的速度快于成人，此处是表示强调，应用indeed与上文的really呼应。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在持续的行为实验中，我们发现儿童确实比成人更快地稳定住新学习，这证明了儿童在学习能力上优于成人的普遍看法。A. proves证明；B. predicts预测；C. opposes反对；D. ignores忽视。根据上文“In continuous behavioral experiments, we found that children ____13____ steadied new learning much more rapidly than adults”和常识可推知，持续的行为实验发现儿童学习新事物的速度快于成人，这可以证明通常认为的儿童学习能力更强的看法。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在持续的行为实验中，我们发现儿童确实比成人更快地稳定住新学习，这证明了儿童在学习能力上优于成人的普遍看法。A. similar相似的；B. equal相等的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. superior优越的。根据上文“the common belief”和常识可推知，普遍的看法是儿童的学习能力上优于成人。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的研究结果证明，GABA在提高儿童学习效率方面发挥了关键作用。A. key关键的；B. ridiculous荒谬的；C. poisonous有毒的；D. random随机的。根据上文“children and adults have different concentrations (含量) of a key brain messenger called GABA”可知，在该研究中儿童与成人学习速度的不同主要由GABA的含量来反映，由此推知，此处指GABA发挥了关键作用。故选A。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作者认为，这些结果应该鼓励教师和家长在整个童年时期不断给孩子提供学习从骑自行车到演奏乐器等任何东西的机会。A. force强迫；B. encourage鼓励；C. reserve保留；D. allow允许。根据上文研究证实儿童的学习效率更高，以及下文“teachers and parents to keep giving children opportunities to learn anything”可推知，研究结果可以鼓励教师和家长为儿童提供学习机会。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作者认为，这些结果应该鼓励教师和家长在整个童年时期不断给孩子提供学习从骑自行车到演奏乐器等任何东西的机会。A. revolution革命；B. teens青少年；C. childhood童年；D. voyage航行。根据上文研究证实儿童的学习效率更高可推知，研究的作者会建议在童年时期让孩子尽可能地多学。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在未来的研究中，该团队计划探索大脑区域和功能之间成熟率的差异，以及其他如阅读和写作等类型学习中GABA反应的差异。A. inquire询问；B. comprehend理解；C. immerse沉浸；D. explore探索。根据上文该研究团队进行的是实证研究，以及下文“the differences in maturation rates between brain regions and functions and GABA responses”可推知，此处指他们计划进一步探索这些内容。故选D。
40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在未来的研究中，该团队计划探索大脑区域和功能之间成熟率的差异，以及其他如阅读和写作等类型学习中GABA反应的差异。A. characters人物；B. descriptions描述；C. certificates证书；D. types类型。根据下文“such as reading and writing”可知，这是不同类型的学习。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上
It’s rare for an unusually smelly dish to become a national favorite, which is exactly _____41_____ has happened with Luosifen or river snail rice noodles, now one of the _____42_____ (hot) food trends in China.
Luoshifen, known for its infamous smell, is _____43_____ iconic soup dish originated in Liuzhou, a city in China’s north-central Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. It features rice noodle soaked in a spicy soup flavored by river snails and _____44_____ (top) with locally grown ingredients including bamboo shoots, string beans, peanuts and tofu skin. While some say the scent should be classed as a bioweapon, those _____45_____ favor it say they can never forget the magical taste. Despite _____46_____ (have) the word “snail” in its Chinese name, it is actually a _____47_____ (combine) of river snails and rice noodles, where snails don’t commonly appear in the dish, but are used to flavor the soup.
Thanks to the efforts of people and government officials in Guangxi. Luoshifen _____48_____ (list) as national intangible cultural heritage, as well as getting UNESCO recognition since 2021. In the past, it would have been hard for non-locals to share locals’ enthusiasm for this strange regional dish — or even to try it. But luosifen’s magic has_____49_____ (unexpected) spilled beyond its birthplace and overtaken the entire country, owing to a DIY packaged form — which many describe _____50_____ the “luxury version of instant noodles” — usually comes with eight or more ingredients in vacuum-sealed packets
【答案】41. what
42. hottest
43. an 44. topped
45. who 46. having
bination
48. has been listed
49. unexpectedly
50. as
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一款美食螺蛳粉，以及它如何成为中国最热门的美食。
【41题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：一款难闻的食物成为国民美食实属罕见，而螺蛳粉却做到了，并一举成为中国最热门的美食之一。分析句子可知，空处引导表语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用what引导，故填what。
【42题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意同上。结合空前的the及“one of+形容词最高级+名词复数”的固定用法可知，此处表示“最……的……之一”，用形容词最高级形式hottest，故填hottest。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：螺蛳粉，以其“恶臭的”气味而闻名，是一道标志性的汤菜，起源于中国广西壮族自治区中北部城市柳州。dish是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且iconic以元音音素开头，故填an。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它的特色是将米粉浸于在由螺丝调味的辛辣汤中，并在上面放上当地种植的食材，包括竹笋、豇豆、花生和豆腐皮。动词top和逻辑主语soup之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词形式，和“flavored by river snails”并列作后置定语，故填topped。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：虽然有些人认为这种气味应该被归类为生物武器，但那些喜欢它的人说他们永远不会忘记这种神奇的味道。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是those，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导，故填who。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管中文名中带有“螺”字，但它实际上是螺丝和米粉的结合，其中通常不含螺蛳肉，螺丝仅作调味汤汁之用。作介词Despite的宾语应用动名词形式，故填having。
【47题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。结合空前的a可知此处应用名词单数形式形式作表语，combination结合，名词，故填combination。
【48题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在广西人民和政府官员的努力下，螺蛳粉被列为国家非物质文化遗产，并于2021年获得联合国教科文组织的认可。结合句意可知，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，且主语Luoshifen和动词list之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，助动词用has，故填has been listed。
【49题详解】
考查副词。句意：但螺蛳粉的魔力出人意料地超越了它的发源地，席卷了整个国家，这要归功于一种DIY包装形式——许多人将其称为“奢侈版方便面”——通常在真空密封的包装中含有八种或更多的成分。修饰动词spilled应用副词形式，故填unexpectedly。
【50题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。结合句意可知，此处指“许多人将其称为‘奢侈版方便面’”，describe…as…将……描述为……，故填as。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
We meet at the school gate at 9 o’clock as scheduled. Upon arrival, we were divided into seven groups, each take charge of an area. Besides, we put up a slogan to call on visitors protect the environment
With summer approaching, more and more people along with their kids spend their time in the forest park which some people leave behind them a trail of rubbishes. Unfortunately, our activity successfully drew much attention from a public in the park. Some gave us the thumbs up, and some joined in us voluntarily. How a successful and meaning activity he was.
【答案】1.meet→met 2. take→ taking 3. protect前加to 4.which→where 5.rubbishes→rubbish
6. Unfortunately→ Fortunately 7. a→ the 8.删除joined后的in
9.How→What 10.he→it
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一次在森林公园开展的环保活动。参与者们按照计划在公园分成七组，每组负责一个区域，同时张贴标语呼吁游客保护环境。活动吸引了公众的关注，有人给予了支持，有人自发加入了我们。整个活动非常成功，具有很好的意义。
【详解】1.考查动词。句意：我们按计划9点在校门口见面。根据后文的were可知，句子表述的是过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故将meet改为met。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：到达后，我们被分成七组，每组负责一个区域。分析句子，句中were divided为谓语，take应该使用非谓语动词，此处groups与take之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。故将take改为took。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，我们张贴了一个口号，呼吁游客保护环境。句中put为谓语动词，句中protect表示目的作状语，故事使用不定式结构。故在protect前加to。
4.考查定语从句。句意：随着夏天的临近，越来越多的人带着他们的孩子在森林公园里度过他们的时间，有些人在他们身后留下了一堆垃圾。分析句子，句中使用where引导定语从句，修饰先行词forestpark ，引导词在从句中作地点状语，表示“在森林里”。故将which改为where。
5.考查名词。句意：同上。句中rubbish为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故将rubbishes改为rubbish。
6.考查副词。句意：幸运的是，我们的活动成功地引起了公园公众的关注。根据句意，此处表示“幸运的是”用fortunately，同时该单词置于句首，开头单词首字母要大写。故将Unfortunately改为Fortunately。
7.考查冠词。句意：同上。分析句子，句中public表示“公众”为集合名词，此处表示复数意义，故前冠词用the。故将a改为the。
8.考查介词。句意：有些人对我们竖起大拇指，有些人自愿加入我们。分析句子，句中join为及物动词，join sb意为“加入某人当中”，不用介词。故将joined后in删除。
9.考查感叹句。句意：这是多么成功和有意义的活动啊。分析句子，此处是对activity进行感叹，故使用what进行感叹。同时该单词置于句首，开头单词首字母要大写。故将How改为What。
10.考查代词。句意：同上。句中应该使用代词it指代activity。故将he改为it。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，你的英国好友Paul获悉第二十一届中国食品博览会(China Food Fair)在2023年1月14-15日在你市举行，对在你家乡举行的此次活动非常感兴趣，写信向你了解有关情况，并想让你帮他购买一些展会上的美食邮寄到英国一饱口福。
1. 介绍中国食品博览会
2. 推荐展会美食
3. 通知邮寄的细节
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Paul:
I’m more than delighted to receive your letter. Started in 2003, China Food Fair provides a perfect platform where food producers can promote their new products to the public. Masses of manufacturers and gourmets will flock to Luohe, celebrating this 21th grand event. As a foodie, this is a precious chance you can never miss. How I wish you could come with me.
As the host city of China Food Fair, Luohe, my hometown, is famous for its developed food industry and various delicious local delicacies. Arguably, spicy soup is the top choice for native people. On a chilly winter morning, a bowl of hot spicy soup filled with beef slices will definitely warm you up. Thanks to the advanced storage technology, spicy soup can be processed to powder. With a kettle of hot boiled water, you can brew it up and enjoy this tasty cuisine in a minute. For meat lovers like you, ham sausage produce by Shineway is a must. Take a bite of it, and you will never forget its crisp and palatable taste.
It is a pity that you can’t come and experience in person. But don’t be disappointed. I’ve sent a surprise package loaded with delicious foods by express. You can track this parcel by its courier code on the official website of SF Express. Hope you can join me here in Luohe next year.
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。英国好友Paul获悉第二十一届中国食品博览会(China Food Fair)在2023年1月14-15日在你市举行，对在你家乡举行的此次活动非常感兴趣，写信向你了解有关情况，并想让你帮他购买一些展会上的美食邮寄到英国一饱口福，要求考生就此给他回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
愉快的：delighted→ pleased
提供：provide→ offer
机会：chance→ opportunity
出名的：famous→ well-known
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Arguably, spicy soup is the top choice for native people.
拓展句：Arguably, spicy soup is the top choice for native people, who all like it very much.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 Started in 2003, China Food Fair provides a perfect platform where food producers can promote their new products to the public.（运用了where引导限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】 It is a pity that you can’t come and experience in person. （运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句）
