中考二轮专题复习课件 动词被动语态

课件28张PPT。被动语态Passive voice 语 态 分 类 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：
They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)
A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)
汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：
助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 1.规则动词的过去分词：1)一般情况在动词原形后加-edwatch---watched2)以不发音e结尾的加-dpractice---practiced3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-edstudy---studied4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 先双写该辅音字母，再加-edstop---stopped2.不规则动词的过去分词：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogoneHe plants trees in spring. 主谓宾(受动者)Treesare plantedbyhim如何变被动语态呢？？？in spring.主动语态变被动语态口诀：
宾语提前主语变，
原主变宾by后见，
时态人称be关键。Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主谓宾(受动者)The roomwill be cleanedbyTom tomorrow.His brother washes bowls every day.主谓宾(受动者)Bowls are washedbyhis brother every day.各种时态的被动语态1、一般现在时（am / is / are + 动词的过去分词 ）
(1)People grow rice in the south of the country.
Rice is grown in the south of the country.
(2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher
2、一般过去时（was / were + 动词的过去分词 ）
(1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.
The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.
(2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily.
His lessons were not easily forgotten.
3、现在进行时（am / is / are + being + 动词的过去分词 ）
(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons.
English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.
(2) We are painting the rooms.
The rooms are being painted.
4、过去进行时（was / were + being + 动词的过去分词）
(1)The workers were mending the road.
The road was being mended.
(2)This time last year we were planting trees here.
Trees were being planted here this time last year.
5、一般将来时
will / shall + be + 动词的过去分词
am / is / are + going to be +动词的过去分词
(1)They are going to send cars abroad by sea.
Cars are going to be sent abroad by sea.
(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.
Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.
6、过去将来时
would / should + be + 动词的过去分词
was / were +going to be + 动词的过去分词
(1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.
The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.
7、现在完成时（have / has + been + 动词的过去分词 ）
(1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.
I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.
(2)He has brought his book here.
His book has been brought here.
8、过去完成时（had + been + 动词的过去分词）
(1)When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.
When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.
(2) I didn’t know that he had mended my watch.
I didn’t know that my watch had been mended
9、含情态动词的被动语态：
can/may/must/should + be + done (1)You must hand in your compositions after class.
Your compositions must be handed in after class.
(2) I can’t solve the difficult problem.
The difficult problem can’t be solved by me.
何时使用被动语态呢？
一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：
Football is played all over the world．
二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：
My bike was stolen．我的自行车被盗了。 三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：
It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and ……
It was reported that her mother died of SARS.
众所周知… … It is well known that …
据推测说… … It is supposed that …四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。
例如：
Tina is asked to come by Paul．
Tina是被Paul叫来的。
五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：
He was born in October，1989． 将下面句子变成被动语态1.We shall discuss the problem at tomorrow's meeting.
The problem shall be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting by us.
2.They are repairing the car in the garage.
The car are being repaired in the garage by them.3.Someone must take care of the children when we go out.
The children must be taken care of when we go out.
4. They won't hold the meeting until next Friday.
The meeting won’t be held until next Friday.
下列情况主动句不能改为被动句：
第一，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look, seem, taste, sound, remain等。
(1)— Do you like the material? — Yes, it feels very soft.
误：It is felt very soft.
(2)The food tastes delicious.
误：The food is tasted delicious.
(3)The pop music sounds beautiful.
误：The pop music is sounded beautiful.
第二，谓语是及物动词leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own等。如：
He entered the room and got his book.
误：The room was entered and his book was got.
She had her hand burned.
误：Her hand was had burned. 第三，一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态，如：take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to等。如：
The fire broke out in the capital building.
误：The fire was broke out in the capital building.
第四，不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。
第五，宾语是反身代词，相互代词，不定式，v-ing形式及抽象名词等，不能变为被动句子的主语，如：
I taught myself English.
误：Myself was taught English.
We love each other.
误：Each other is loved. 【2011北京】1. Many accidents____ by careless drivers last year.
A. are caused B. were caused
C. have caused D. will cause
【2011上海】2. An official _____ by some reporters on food problems in Shanghai yesterday.
is interviewing B. is interviewed
C. was interviewing D. was interviewed
【2011天津】3. Today a lot of information can _____ online.
A. receive B. be received
C. is received D. receiving
【2011重庆】4. I’m glad to find that many trees_______ in our city last year.
plant B. planted
C. were planted D. are planted
【2011陕西】5. Driving after drinking wine ______in China.
allows B. doesn't allow
C. is allowed D. isn't allowed
【2011安徽】6. Don't worry. Your package ______here until you come back, so enjoy shopping here.
A. will keep B. has kept
C. will be kept D. has been kept【2011湖北黄石】7. —Who’s the little baby in the photo, Li Ying? —It’s me. This photo ____ fourteen years ago.
A. is taken B. took
C. takes D. was taken
【2011四川泸州】8. The radio says a wild animal zoo is going to ____ in our city.
be built B. built
C. build D. be building
【2011江西省】9. —What happened to Billy? —He________ because of his drink-driving.
is caught B. was caught
C. has caught D. had caught【2011河北省】10. The Spring Festival in January or February.
celebrates B. is celebrated
C. celebrated D. was celebrated
【2011.海南三亚】11. Yuan Longping, a great person in China, _____as “father of hybrid rice”
A. is regarded B. has regarded
C. is regarding D. regards
【2011浙江丽水】12.A friendly basketball match between teachers and
students_________ tomorrow afternoon．
A．was held B. will be held
C．is held D. must be held【2011广西桂林】13. Many trees and flowers ________ in our city every year.
A. planted B. are planted C. were planted D. plants
【2011江苏徐州】14. When will the birthday party ___, on Monday evening or Tuesday evening?
hold B. be held C. held D. be holding
【2011·江苏南京】15.It’s reported that Nanjing South Railway Station __at the end of this month.
has been completed B. is completed
C. was completed D. will be completed