外研版英语七年级下7-12模块重点知识复习资料

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
七年级下Module 7 and Module 8
重点短语
be born in sp出生在某地 be born on+某天 出生在某天 be born in+某年 出生在某年
the name of... ...的名字 be kind/friendly/nice to sb对某人很善良/友好/好 in the past 在过去
in the past two years在过去的两年里 be strict with sb对某人很严厉 be strict in/about sth对某事很严格 on the east/eastern coast of...在..的东海岸 there is sth to do有某事要做 sb have sth to do某人有某事要做 it is adj to do sth做某事是...的 in the forest在森林里 live alone一个人住
feel lonely感到孤单 all alone独自一人地 once upon a time很久以前
go for a walk散步 look around四处看看 knock on the door敲门
wait a minute等一会儿 look into sp朝...里面看 pick up sth/pick it up把...捡起来
look at sth看着某物 at first/first of all首先，起初 jump out of跳出
point at sth指着某物 point out指出
二、重点知识
1. 一般过去时态—用于表示过去发生的动作或状态，结构为：
1）主语+was/were+表语
She was a teacher in the past. 她之前是一名老师。
Was he a doctor five years ago 五年前他是一名医生吗？
Yes, he was.是的，他是。/No, he wasn’t. 不，他不是。
主语+谓语（动词的过去式）+宾语
I lived in Shanghai three years ago. 三年前我住在上海。
I didn’t live in Shanghai three years ago. 三年前我不住在上海。
Did you live in Shanghai three years ago. 三年前你住在上海吗？
Yes, I did. 是的，我是。/No, I didn’t. 不，我不是。
***动词的过去式的变化规则
变化规则 原形 过去式
一般动词结尾加-ed walk, listen, look, finish walked,listened, looked, finished
以“不发音的字母e结尾”的动词后加-ed live, notice, decide lived, noticed, decided
以“辅音字母+y结尾”的动词，y变为i, 再加-ed hurry, marry hurried, married
以“元音字母+一个辅音字母结尾”的重度闭音节动词，先双写辅音字母，再加-ed stop, step stopped, stepped
***不规则动词的过去式（详见课本）
like的用法
like v. 喜欢 I like English, but I don’t like maths.
like prep. 像... be like.../look like...
What is sb like 某人怎么样？（指性格）
What does sb look like 某人看起来怎么样？（指外观）
be strict with sb 对某人严格
He is very strict with his students. 他对学生非常严格。
be strict in (doing) sth 对（做）某事严格
We should be strict in (doing) our work. 对工作我们应该严格要求。
with的用法（始终为介词）
放在被修饰的名词后，意为具有某种特征。
There was a big garden with lots of trees and there was a small lake with fish in it.
有一个有很多树的大公园和一个有鱼的小湖泊。
和...一起
Can you come with me 你可以和我一起来吗？
My mom with my father likes football. 我的母亲和父亲喜欢足球。
（with及后面的名词不参与主语，真正主语为my mom）
My mom and my father like football. 我的母亲和父亲喜欢足球。
（and及后面的名词共同为主语）
My mom as well as father likes football. 我的母亲和父亲喜欢足球。
（as well as与with用法一样）
用...(工具)
We wrote this letter with a pen. 我用一只钢笔写了这封信。
注：without没有
We can’t live without air, just like fish without water. 没有空气我们不能生存，就像鱼儿没有水一样。
表伴随
My English teacher often comes to the classroom with a bright smile. 我的英文老师经常带着灿烂的微笑来到教室。
七年级下Module 9 and Module 10
重点短语
find out弄清楚，查明白 leave school and begin work离校开始工作 at the age of+年龄/at+年龄在...岁时
take the name采用这个名字 in the 1860s在19世纪60年代 in 1860在1860年
stay in sp呆在某地 in one’s life在某人的一生中 decide to do sth/make a decision to do sth决定做某事 learn to do sth学习做某事 learn from sb向某人学习 learn sth学习某事
finish school完成学业 begin/start to do sth/doing sth开始做某事 at the beginning/start of...在..开始时 die for为...而死 die of...死于...（内因，病痛） die from...死于...（外因，事故）
on holiday在假期 two years ago两年前（过去时） since two years ago两年前以来（完成时） be excited to do sth/about doing sth对做某事激动不已的 be excited about sth对某事激动不已的 for+一段时间
go on holiday度假 have to do sth不得不做某事 take a boat tour划船旅行
wait in line排队等候 stand in line 排队 at the airport在机场
join sb/组织（俱乐部，党派等）加入… join in+活动/比赛=take part in+活动/比赛 参加活动或比赛
do some shopping/go shopping 去购物
重点知识
1. by的用法
1）by+地点名词。表方位，意为：“在…旁边”。如：by the lake/river/tree/window/door等。
She searched the top of the hill and stopped to rest on a big rock by the side of the path.
她搜索了山顶，然后停下来在路边的一块大石头上休息。
by+时间名词。意为：“到…时（已发生某事），此时谓语多用完成时；最晚、不迟于…，在…之前”。如：by now/then/this time/next Friday/the end of/three o`clock等。
By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed. 到去年年底，又有一座新体育馆峻工了。
by+交通工具、交通方式名词（名词前不加冠词，不变复数）。意为：“通过…，由…，乘…”。如by train/rail/taxi/bus/truck/bike/boat/plane;by land/road/sea/water/air等。（on foot)
It takes a long time to go there by train; it`s quicker by road.(或by bus) 乘火车去那儿要花很长时间，公路比较快。
by+动词ing形式. 意为：“通过…，靠…，凭…”。如：by waiting/practising/begging/working/imitating等。
He gained his wealth by printing works of famous writers. 他通过印刷著名作家的作品而获得了巨大的财富。
by 由…某人创作
I like the books by Lu Xun. 我喜欢由鲁迅创作的书。
by的常见短语：
by means of/by way of/by the way/one by one/step by step/side by side/shoulder by shoulder/by oneself/ /by society/ learn…by heart/what do you mean by …等。
success n. 成功，成功者，成功的事，反义词failure
Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。
Ma Yun is a success. 马云是一个成功者。
The sports meeting is a success. 这次的运动会是一次成功的事。
succeed v. succeed in doing sth=manage to do sth 成功做成某事
successful adj. 成功的； successfully adv. 成功地
七年级下Module 11 and Module 12
一、重点短语
once/twice/three times一次/两次/三次 shake hands(with sb) (与某人)握手 nod one’s head 点头
talk to/with sb与...交谈 in America/in the US在美国 that’s because/why+句子 那是因为/为什么 hug sb拥抱某人 be close to紧挨着 get close to靠近
arm in arm肩并肩 not...at all 一点儿也不 look at sb看着某人
in fact/actually事实上 the capital of... ...的首都/省会 pop music流行音乐
be different from...与...不同 a fan of一个...粉丝 listen to sb/sth
give sb a break让某人静静 much too+adj/adv太... too much+名词复数 太多...
in the center of... 在...的中心 in the eighteenth century在十八世纪 more than/over超过
when sb is+年龄/at the age of+数字/at+数字 当某人...岁时
二、重点知识
反意疑问句—反意疑问句是英语四大问句之一，它是由一个陈述句加上一个短问句而构成的。反意疑问句的基本构成形式是：陈述句+动词（肯定或否定）+主语？如：
①She often has lunch at school, doesn't she ②You don't like sports, do you
使用反意疑问句要注意以下若干对应规则：
1） 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：肯定+否定？ 否定+肯定？如：
①You can't do it, can you ②They are very late for the meeting, aren't they
2）反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。如：
①He has supper at home every day, doesn't he （不能用hasn't he ）
②They have known the matter, haven't they （不能用don't they ）
3） 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。如：
①They will go to town soon, won't they （不能用don't they 或 aren't they ）
②He works very hard, doesn't he （不能用didn't he 或won't he ）
4） 反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。如：
①Your father is unhappy, isn't he （不能用is he ）
②The man is dishonest, isn't he （不能用is he ）
③It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isn't it （不能用is it ）
5）反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如：
①She never tells a lie, does she （不用doesn't she ）
②He was seldom late, was he （不用wasn't he ）
6）反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am……时，问句部分习惯上用aren't I？表示。如：
I am a very honest man, aren't I
7）反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致。如：
①I think that he has done his best, hasn't he
②We think that English is very useful, isn't it （不用don't we ）
8）反意疑问句的陈述部分为I (We) don't think (believe, suppose, consider)+ that从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如：
①I don't think that you can do it, can you （不用do I ）
②We don't believe that the news is true, is it （不用do we ）
9）反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如：
①They all think that English is very important, don't they （不用isn't it ）
②He didn't think that the news was true, did he （不用wasn't/ was it ）
10）陈述部分为Let us……时，问句部分习惯上用will you 形式。如： Let us stop to rest, will you
11）陈述部分为Let's……时，问句部分习惯上用shall we 形式。如： Let's go home together, shall we
12）陈述部分用上述情况以外的祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you 形式表示请求，用won't you？形式表示委婉请求或邀请。如：
①Do sit down, won't you / will you ②You feed the bird today, will you
③Please open the window, will you (won't you )
13）陈述部分为否定祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you 形式。如：
Don't make any noise, will you
14）陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时，问句部分用动词+there(here) 形式。如：
①There are two cakes on the plate, aren't there ②Here is a story about Mark Twain, isn't here