2024届北京市高考英语二轮复习非谓语动词系列讲解：动词不定式课件(共25张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2024届北京市高考英语二轮复习非谓语动词系列讲解：动词不定式课件(共25张PPT) |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-11-26 10:25:58 | ||
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(共25张PPT)
非谓语动词系列讲解
不定式(to do sth.)的用法
句子成分有哪些？
主语
n./pron.
谓语
v.
宾语
n./pron.
定语：修饰
adj./n.
定语：修饰
adj./n.
状语：修饰
adv.
主语
n./pron.
表语
n/adj.
系动词
v.
定语：修饰
adj./n.
状语：修饰
adv.
定语：修饰
adj./n.
宾语补足语
n./adj.
Review
时态语态
主语
n./pron.
谓语
v.
宾语
n./pron.
定语：修饰
adj./n.
状语：修饰
adv.
定语：修饰
adj./n.
宾语补足语
n./adj.
非谓语动词
不定式（to do)
不定式（to do)都能做哪些成分？
1. 不定式作主语
To be or not to be, that is a question.
2. 不定式作宾语
I want to listen to music.
3. 不定式作表语
My goal is to keep fit.
4. 不定式作定语
I have an idea to do it well.
5. 不定式作状语
To save water, we should turn off the tap after use.
6. 不定式作宾补
I ask Tom to bring me a book.
1. 不定式作主语
你 是 对的。（主系表）
You are right.
戒烟 是 对的。（主系表）
To give up smoking is right.
It is right to give up smoking.
It 形式主语 to give up smoking真正主语。
2. 不定式作宾语
我 想要 一个苹果。（主谓宾）
我 想要 实现目标。（主谓宾）
I want an apple.
I want to achieve goals.
2. 不定式作宾语
我 觉得 他 很有趣。（主 谓 宾 宾补）
我 觉得 和他一起工作 很有趣。（主 谓 宾 宾补）
I find him interesting.
I find work with him interesting. （F）
I find it interesting to work with him. (T)
it形式宾语 to work with him真正宾语
2. Summary 不定式作宾语
1. 动词后用不定式作宾语（afford, agree, decide, choose, hope, plan, refuse, ask, want, like…) e.g. agree to do sth.
He offered to help me.
He decided to buy a new car.
2. 动词后+疑问词+不定式
Please show us how to do that.
Have you ever decided what to wear to the interview
补充：不定式作宾语常见动词搭配
hope to do sth 希望去做某事 wish to do sth希望去做某事
expect to do sth 希望去做某事 agree to do sth答应去做某事
promise to do sth 答应去做某事 demand to do sth要求去做某事
ask to do sth 要求去做某事 refuse to do sth拒绝去做某事
manage to do sth 设法去做某事 learn to do sth学会做某事
decide to do sth 决定做某事 pretend to do sth假装去做某事
choose to do sth 选择做某事 intend to do sth打算做某事
offer to do sth 提出去做某事 plan to do sth计划去做某事
apply to do sth 申请去做某事 fail to do sth做某事失败
afford to do sth 负担去做某事 prepare to do sth准备去做某事
happen to do sth 碰巧去做某事
3. 不定式作表语
他的愿望 是 世界和平。（主系表）
他的愿望 是 当警察。（主系表）
His wish is world peace.
His wish is to be a policeman.
3. 不定式作表语
我的工作是帮助病人。
我的目标是准备考入大学的生物专业。
我的工作 是 帮助病人。
My job is to help patients.
我的目标 是 准备考入大学的生物专业。
My goal is to prepare myself for my degree in biology at university.
3. 不定式作定语
某些名词后常跟to do做表语（固定搭配）：job, idea, dream, duty, task, intention, time
e.g. His dream is to attend a good university.
the + 序数词 + （名词）+ to do:第几个……的（人/事）
He is always the first person to arrive.
我 有 很多空闲 时间。(主谓宾）
我 有 很多提升自己的空闲 时间。 (主谓宾）
I have lots of free time.
I have lots of free time to promote myself.
4. 不定式作定语
定语
定语
不定式作定语
注意不定式作定语的位置：
被修饰词之后
4. 不定式作定语
1. 没有什么可担心的事。
2. 我给你找了几本书读。
1. 没有什么 可担心的 事。
There is nothing to worry about.
2. 我 给你找了 几本书 读。
I have some books for you to read.
4. 不定式作定语
被修饰的是抽象名词，常见的有：
chance, ability, idea, fact, excuse, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time等
5. 不定式作状语
Review: 状语的作用？
修饰谓语动词（地点、时间、目的、方式、原因、让步……）
但在不定式作状语的用法之中，只有几种可以用。
5. 不定式作状语
1. 我 来 这里 为了见你。（主谓）
2. 听到这个消息 我们 是 很开心的。（主系表）
3. 她 活 到了九十岁。（主谓）
I came here to see you.
We were glad to hear the news.
She lived to be ninety.
状语
状语
状语
不定式分别作什么状语？
5. 不定式作状语
1. 目的状语
I went to town to buy some fresh fruits.
To calm him down, she sang a song.
2. 原因状语
I’m glad to see you.
3. 结果状语
I hurried to the airport, only to find the plane had taken off.
5. 不定式作状语
固定搭配：...+ be + happy/glad/excited to do
e.g. We were glad to hear the news.
5. 不定式作状语
我 来 这里 为了见你。（主谓）
听到这个消息 我们 是 很开心的。（主系表）
她 活 到了九十岁。（主谓）
I came here to see you.
We were glad to hear the news.
She lived to be ninety.
状语
状语
原因状语
目的
不定式分别作什么状语？
原因
结果
状语
目的状语
结果状语
6. 不定式作宾补
我 让 他 周六来。
她 被看到 去了超市。
I ask him to arrive on Saturday.
She was seen to go to the supermarket.
1）不可省略to的：
2）需要省略to的：
3）可以省可以不省的：
6. 不定式作宾补
6. 不定式作宾补 Summary1(不可省略to)
动词+宾语+不定式作宾补：ask; allow; advise; recommend, expect; invite; encourage; teach; tell; want…
I have done enough to encourage people to believe we could win the game next time.
Parents always expect their children to live a happy life.
6. 不定式作宾补 Summary1(不可省略to)
tell / ask / want / would like / wish / like / invite / encourage / teach + sb. to do sth.
My English often tells me to read louder.
I wish you to help me with my maths.
They invited me to give a speech on the topic.
当宾语是time时,需用to do做宾补
e.g. He usually finds time to do his paperwork.
6. 不定式作宾补 Summary2（需要省略to）
感官动词/使役动词+宾语+不定式作宾补（省略to): see, hear, have, let, make； 被动语态时，将不定式的to还原。
I often hear him sing the song.
He is often heard to sing the song.
非谓语动词系列讲解
不定式(to do sth.)的用法
句子成分有哪些？
主语
n./pron.
谓语
v.
宾语
n./pron.
定语：修饰
adj./n.
定语：修饰
adj./n.
状语：修饰
adv.
主语
n./pron.
表语
n/adj.
系动词
v.
定语：修饰
adj./n.
状语：修饰
adv.
定语：修饰
adj./n.
宾语补足语
n./adj.
Review
时态语态
主语
n./pron.
谓语
v.
宾语
n./pron.
定语：修饰
adj./n.
状语：修饰
adv.
定语：修饰
adj./n.
宾语补足语
n./adj.
非谓语动词
不定式（to do)
不定式（to do)都能做哪些成分？
1. 不定式作主语
To be or not to be, that is a question.
2. 不定式作宾语
I want to listen to music.
3. 不定式作表语
My goal is to keep fit.
4. 不定式作定语
I have an idea to do it well.
5. 不定式作状语
To save water, we should turn off the tap after use.
6. 不定式作宾补
I ask Tom to bring me a book.
1. 不定式作主语
你 是 对的。（主系表）
You are right.
戒烟 是 对的。（主系表）
To give up smoking is right.
It is right to give up smoking.
It 形式主语 to give up smoking真正主语。
2. 不定式作宾语
我 想要 一个苹果。（主谓宾）
我 想要 实现目标。（主谓宾）
I want an apple.
I want to achieve goals.
2. 不定式作宾语
我 觉得 他 很有趣。（主 谓 宾 宾补）
我 觉得 和他一起工作 很有趣。（主 谓 宾 宾补）
I find him interesting.
I find work with him interesting. （F）
I find it interesting to work with him. (T)
it形式宾语 to work with him真正宾语
2. Summary 不定式作宾语
1. 动词后用不定式作宾语（afford, agree, decide, choose, hope, plan, refuse, ask, want, like…) e.g. agree to do sth.
He offered to help me.
He decided to buy a new car.
2. 动词后+疑问词+不定式
Please show us how to do that.
Have you ever decided what to wear to the interview
补充：不定式作宾语常见动词搭配
hope to do sth 希望去做某事 wish to do sth希望去做某事
expect to do sth 希望去做某事 agree to do sth答应去做某事
promise to do sth 答应去做某事 demand to do sth要求去做某事
ask to do sth 要求去做某事 refuse to do sth拒绝去做某事
manage to do sth 设法去做某事 learn to do sth学会做某事
decide to do sth 决定做某事 pretend to do sth假装去做某事
choose to do sth 选择做某事 intend to do sth打算做某事
offer to do sth 提出去做某事 plan to do sth计划去做某事
apply to do sth 申请去做某事 fail to do sth做某事失败
afford to do sth 负担去做某事 prepare to do sth准备去做某事
happen to do sth 碰巧去做某事
3. 不定式作表语
他的愿望 是 世界和平。（主系表）
他的愿望 是 当警察。（主系表）
His wish is world peace.
His wish is to be a policeman.
3. 不定式作表语
我的工作是帮助病人。
我的目标是准备考入大学的生物专业。
我的工作 是 帮助病人。
My job is to help patients.
我的目标 是 准备考入大学的生物专业。
My goal is to prepare myself for my degree in biology at university.
3. 不定式作定语
某些名词后常跟to do做表语（固定搭配）：job, idea, dream, duty, task, intention, time
e.g. His dream is to attend a good university.
the + 序数词 + （名词）+ to do:第几个……的（人/事）
He is always the first person to arrive.
我 有 很多空闲 时间。(主谓宾）
我 有 很多提升自己的空闲 时间。 (主谓宾）
I have lots of free time.
I have lots of free time to promote myself.
4. 不定式作定语
定语
定语
不定式作定语
注意不定式作定语的位置：
被修饰词之后
4. 不定式作定语
1. 没有什么可担心的事。
2. 我给你找了几本书读。
1. 没有什么 可担心的 事。
There is nothing to worry about.
2. 我 给你找了 几本书 读。
I have some books for you to read.
4. 不定式作定语
被修饰的是抽象名词，常见的有：
chance, ability, idea, fact, excuse, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time等
5. 不定式作状语
Review: 状语的作用？
修饰谓语动词（地点、时间、目的、方式、原因、让步……）
但在不定式作状语的用法之中，只有几种可以用。
5. 不定式作状语
1. 我 来 这里 为了见你。（主谓）
2. 听到这个消息 我们 是 很开心的。（主系表）
3. 她 活 到了九十岁。（主谓）
I came here to see you.
We were glad to hear the news.
She lived to be ninety.
状语
状语
状语
不定式分别作什么状语？
5. 不定式作状语
1. 目的状语
I went to town to buy some fresh fruits.
To calm him down, she sang a song.
2. 原因状语
I’m glad to see you.
3. 结果状语
I hurried to the airport, only to find the plane had taken off.
5. 不定式作状语
固定搭配：...+ be + happy/glad/excited to do
e.g. We were glad to hear the news.
5. 不定式作状语
我 来 这里 为了见你。（主谓）
听到这个消息 我们 是 很开心的。（主系表）
她 活 到了九十岁。（主谓）
I came here to see you.
We were glad to hear the news.
She lived to be ninety.
状语
状语
原因状语
目的
不定式分别作什么状语？
原因
结果
状语
目的状语
结果状语
6. 不定式作宾补
我 让 他 周六来。
她 被看到 去了超市。
I ask him to arrive on Saturday.
She was seen to go to the supermarket.
1）不可省略to的：
2）需要省略to的：
3）可以省可以不省的：
6. 不定式作宾补
6. 不定式作宾补 Summary1(不可省略to)
动词+宾语+不定式作宾补：ask; allow; advise; recommend, expect; invite; encourage; teach; tell; want…
I have done enough to encourage people to believe we could win the game next time.
Parents always expect their children to live a happy life.
6. 不定式作宾补 Summary1(不可省略to)
tell / ask / want / would like / wish / like / invite / encourage / teach + sb. to do sth.
My English often tells me to read louder.
I wish you to help me with my maths.
They invited me to give a speech on the topic.
当宾语是time时,需用to do做宾补
e.g. He usually finds time to do his paperwork.
6. 不定式作宾补 Summary2（需要省略to）
感官动词/使役动词+宾语+不定式作宾补（省略to): see, hear, have, let, make； 被动语态时，将不定式的to还原。
I often hear him sing the song.
He is often heard to sing the song.