Unit3 Electricity A卷·基础夯实（含解析）

Unit 3（A卷·夯实基础）
学校:________ 姓名: ________ 班级: ________ 考号: ________
一、单项选择
1．—Must I park my car behind the building
—No, you ________. You ________ park it there.
A．mustn’t; may B．may not; must C．needn’t; may D．have to; can
2．— Must I book a room now
—________. This hotel is never full of people, especially on weekdays.
A．No, you mustn’t B．Yes, you must C．Yes, you had better do D．No, you don’t have to
3．—________ I finish the homework today, Mr. Chen
—No, you needn’t. You can ________ tomorrow morning.
A．Can; hand it in B．May; hand in it
C．Must; hand it in D．Need; hand in it
4．Close your eyes and you can ________ the fresh air in the sky.
A．look B．smell C．taste D．sound
5．—Could you please wear your mask（口罩） You are asked to wear it here.
—_______.
A．Yes, you can B．That’s right C．No problem D．You are right
6．—Sorry, I can’t think of ________ to help us design the room.
—Oh! Maybe Lucy can help.She always has some nice ideas.
A．someone B．anyone C．everyone D．no one
7．—Must I complete the project today, sir
—No, you ________. You may ________ tomorrow morning.
A．mustn’t; hand it in B．needn’t; hand in it C．can’t; hand it in D．needn’t; hand it in
8．—Excuse me. Could I borrow your dictionary
—________.
A．Yes, help yourself B．Yes, you could
C．That’s OK D．With pleasure
9．In 2001, Li Yang’s in hurdling was noticed by Mr. Zhang.
A．ability B．trade
C．electricity D．memory
10．He is so poor that he ________ afford ________ to school.
A．didn’t；go B．can’t；to go C．isn’t；to go D．can’t；going
二、短文选词填空
Complete the following passage with the words or expressions in the box. Each can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)
A. miss B. a little C. memorize D. at least E. comfortable
I was also 11 nervous before I got here, but once I arrived I soon felt happy. You asked me about the kinds of clothes you should bring. You should bring 12 one formal outfit (外套) for important dinners, and remember to bring lots of warm 13 clothes, as well. Yes, I did say “warm”, because it is a bit cold here until the summer.
My Mum wanted to make sure that I packed lots of special food so that I would not 14 her Chinese cooking too much. However, there are many different kinds of food in the UK, and I can buy all my favourite foods at small Chinese shops. There are also lots of cheap restaurants near the university.
A. tastes B. dishes C. at the end of D. by the way E. shelves
Another suggestion is to learn how to cook some of your favourite 15 before you come. Chinese food in England 16 very different to the food back home. You can also go to the university canteen — eating with others is a great way to make new friends.
You will probably live in the halls of residence (居住) in your first year. People usually have their own room, with a desk, 17 and a bed. The bathrooms and kitchen are usually 18 the corridor (走廊). The kitchen is also a great place to meet the students in your hall. Remember that everyone is nervous, so don’t be afraid to talk to people you meet.
Good luck! I am sure you will have a wonderful time.
三、用所给单词的正确形式填空
19．Electricity is dangerous. We must be with it. (care)
20．Although air is , we can feel it. （visible）
21．He can (do) well in math.
22．We can get a bill for the amount of electricity we use . (month)
23．If she knows the (important) of English, she will study hard.
24．It’s （clearly）that the little money he earns can hardly support his family.
25．Don’t go to the shop. They often cheat their (customer).
四、句型转换
Rewrite the following sentences as required（根据要求，改写下列句子）:
26．Joyce told them to talk over the topic among themselves. (改为否定句)
Joyce them to talk over the topic among themselves.
27．His brother has lunch at school. (改为反意疑问句)
His brother has lunch at school,
28．Linda got the first prize with the help of the teacher. (对划线部分提问)
did Linda the first prize
29．A lot of students come to University Town to further their studies. (对划线部分提问)
a lot of students come to University Town
30．How often should we publish our paper We all want to know. (改为宾语从句)
We all want to know how often publish our paper.
31．Shanghai was a small fishing village in the past. (保持句意基本不变)
Shanghai be a small fishing village.
32．hotel, pets, don’t, we, allow, this, in （连词成句）
.
My name is Linda Green. I’m a member of a large company which has many sections. There are two men in important positions in my office — Mr. Thompson and Mr. White. Everyone enjoys working with Mr. Thompson, but no one likes Mr. White.
Mr. Thompson is always kind and patient. When he wants something done, he’ll ask. “Would you mind getting this information for me, please ” Mr. White is just the opposite. He usually shouts across the room, “Get me the papers, and hurry up.”
But Mr. White surprised us this morning. At first we thought he must be sick. He was kind and polite. “Miss Erickson,” he asked, “if it isn’t too much trouble for you, could you please make these telephone calls for me ” June Erickson was too surprised to say a word. Right after that, Mr. White said, “Miss Reed, would you be so kind as to open the window It’s quite warm in here.” Then he turned to me, “I’d appreciate very much if you’d mail these letters for me.”
We couldn’t imagine why he was behaving so strangely. Should we give him some medicine Or should we send him to the hospital
The situation was soon cleared up. “Ladies,” Mr. Thompson said, “I’ve been told that the president （总裁） of our company will be here soon. He’s very interested in the welfare （福利） of his employees （雇员） and will have some question to ask you about that.”
33．The writer works in a ________ .
A．bank B．company C．factory D．shopping centre
34．From the passage we learn that Mr. Thompson ________ .
A．is good at making money B．likes shouting across the office
C．is always late for work D．gets along well with others
35．The underlined part in Paragraph 2 tells us that Mr. White is ________ .
A．rude B．lazy C．careless D．sad
36．This morning Mr. White asked June Erickson to ________ .
A．get some information B．mail some letters
C．make some phone calls D．open the window
37．Mr. White surprised the other people in his office this morning because ________ .
A．he looked very sick B．he shouted at others
C．he did a lot of work himself D．he became polite and kind
38．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE
A．Mr. White and Mr. Thompson both work in the writer’s office.
B．Everyone in the office believes that Mr. White has changed.
C．The president of the company will come to see them soon.
D．The president will do a survey about the employees’ welfare.
六、完形填空
A man lived with two blacksmiths, one on the left, the other on the right. 39 of the blacksmiths made a lot of noise day and night. The man just couldn’t go to 40 . At last the man said to the neighbours, “Please make a move. Your noise made me mad!”
“All right,” they agreed. That night the man thought he could have a good sleep when he went to bed. But suddenly he 41 the noise again. He became yery 42 . He got up at once, and ran to the window and 43 ,”You promise to make a move, didn’t you ”
“Yes, “ they said. “And we have moved our houses in fact. “
“What ”
“I moved into his house”one of the blacksmiths smiled.
“And, I moved into 44 ,”the other one said.
39．A．All B．Both C．None D．Neither
40．A．school B．work C．office D．sleep
41．A．listened B．listened to C．heard D．made
42．A．angry B．happy C．excited D．sad
43．A．said B．shouted C．talked D．spoke
44．A．his B．her C．mine D．your
Electricity is the flow of electrical power or charge. It is a secondary energy source which means that we get it from the conversion （转化） of other sources of energy, l 45 coal, natural gas, oil, nuclear power and other natural sources, which are called primary sources. The energy sources we use to make electricity can be renewable （可再生的） or non-renewable, but electricity itself is neither renewable nor non-renewable.
Electricity is a basic part of nature and it is one of our most widely used forms of e 46 . Many cities and towns were built along waterfalls that turned water wheels to work. Thomas Edison helped c 47 everyone’s life — he perfected his invention — the electric light bulb.
A 48 electricity is very important in our daily life, most of us hardly stop to think what life would be like w 49 electricity. Yet like air and water, we tend to take electricity for granted. Every day, we use electricity to do many j 50 for us — from lighting and heating/cooling our homes, to powering our televisions and computers. Electricity is a useful and convenient form of energy used in the applications of light, heat and p 51 .
In spring, days grow longer than those in winter, and the temperature goes up. In spring, the weather becomes warmer. There are many funny things to do in spring, such as flying a kite, going fishing and riding bikes.
In summer, the days are long. And the weather is sunny and hot. There are many fun things for you to do, such as swimming, watering trees and flowers, playing outdoor sports, camping, and lying on the beaches.
In autumn, leaves change color and fall from the trees. It’s a harvest seasons for farmers. We can pick apples, climb mountains, collect leaves, and eat all kinds of fruits!
In winter, the weather may be cold and snowy. Most trees lose their leaves. In winter, we have many fun things to do：ice skating, skiing, throwing snowballs, making snowmen…
根据短文内容回答下列问题。
52．What funny things can we do in spring
53．What’s the weather like in summer
54．Which seasons is the harvest one for farmers
55．What’s the weather probably like in winter
56．Do people collect leaves in winter
九、话题作文
57．Write at least 60 words on the topic “Electricity in our daily life”, using the following questions for reference. （请根据提示问题，以“我们生活中的电”为题，写一篇短文，不少于60个词，标点符号不占格）
Suggested questions:
（1） What’s the relationship between electricity and human beings
（2） What roles does electricity play in our life
（3） What should we do to use electricity in proper ways
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第2页，共2页
试卷第1页，共1页
参考答案：
1．C
【详解】句意：——我必须把车停在大楼后面吗？——不，你不需要。你可以把它停在那里。
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；may not可能不；needn’t不需要；have to不得不；must必须；can能。Must I… 的否定回答为No, you needn’t/don’t have to；第二空是表示允许，可以用may。故选C。
2．D
【详解】句意：——我必须现在预订一个房间吗？——不，你不必。这个宾馆从未满员过，尤其在工作日。
考查must打头的一般疑问句的否定回答。根据“This hotel is never full of people, especially on weekdays”可知此处应是否定回答，而must打头的一般疑问句的否定回答用don’t have to或needn’t，故选D。
3．C
【详解】句意：——陈先生，我今天必须完成这项工作吗？——不，你不必。你可以明天早上交它。
考查情态动词和动词短语。Must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答用“No, 主语+needn’t.”。根据答语“No, you needn’t.”可知第一空应填Must，排除选项A、B、D；第二个空，代词“it”应放在“hand in”中间，hand it in意为“上交它”。故选C。
4．B
【详解】句意：闭上眼睛，你可以闻到天空中的新鲜空气。
考查动词辨析。look看；smell闻到；taste品尝；sound听起来好像；四个选项均为动词。情态动词can后需填动词原形，作谓语，又因“...the fresh air”可知，闻到新鲜空气，smell“闻到”，动词。故选B。
5．C
【详解】句意：——你能戴上口罩吗？这里要求你戴上它。——没问题。
考查情景交际。Yes, you can是的，你可以；That’s right没错；No problem没问题；You are right你是对的。根据“Could you please wear your mask（口罩） You are asked to wear it here.”可知，是同意对方的请求建议，回答“没问题”符合语境。故选C。
6．B
【详解】句意：——对不起，我想不出谁来帮我们设计这个房间。——哦！也许露西能帮上忙。她总是有一些好主意。
考查代词辨析。someone某人；anyone任何人；everyone每个人；no one没人。根据“Sorry, I can’t think of...to help us design the room.”及语境可知，此处指想不出能够帮忙设计房间的人，本句是否定句，用anyone。故选B。
7．D
【详解】句意：——我必须今天完成这个项目吗，先生？——不，你不必。你可以明天上午上交它。
考查一般疑问句的回答以及动副短语中代词的位置。以must提问的一般疑问句的否定回答为“No, 主语+needn’t.或No, 主语+don’t have to.”，因此排除A、C选项。动副短语中如果代词作宾语，则代词需要位于动词和副词之间。故选D。
8．A
【详解】句意：——打扰了。我能借用你的字典吗？——可以，请自便。
考查交际用语。Yes, help yourself可以，请自便；Yes, you could是的，你可以；That’s OK没关系；With pleasure我很乐意，我的荣幸。根据“Could I borrow your dictionary ”可知，这是在请求允许，应作接受或拒绝的回应，可用“help yourself”来表示应允。故选A。
9．A
【详解】句意：在2001年，李阳的跨栏能力被张先生所注意到。
考查名词词义辨析。ability能力；trade交易；electricity电 ；memory记忆。根据“hurdling”可知，空格处应该填表示“能力”的单词，故选A。
10．B
【详解】句意：他穷得连上学的钱都负担不起。
考查情态动词can表能力和动词不定式作宾语。didn’t没有；can’t不能，不会；isn’t不是；go走，去，动词原形；to go走，去，动词不定式；going走，去，动名词。根据“so poor”可知太穷了无法支付，应用情态动词can’t表示“不能”。动词短语afford to do sth表示“负担得起做某事”。故选B。
11．B 12．D 13．E 14．A 15．B 16．A 17．E 18．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章中作者介绍了去英国留学的一些见闻和建议。
11．句意：在到那之前我也是有点紧张，但是一到那我就很快感到开心。此处应填副词修饰形容词，结合备选词汇可知，a little“一点”符合语境，故选B。
12．句意：你应该带至少一件适合重要正餐的正式外套，并且记得也要带大量的温暖舒适的衣服。此处应填副词，结合备选词汇可知，at least“至少”符合语境，故选D。
13．句意：你应该带至少一件适合重要正餐的正式外套，并且记得也要带大量的温暖舒适的衣服。此处应填形容词，结合备选词汇可知comfortable“舒服的”符合语境，故选E。
14．句意：我的妈妈想要确保我打包许多特别的食物以至于我不会太想念她做的中国菜。此处应填动词，结合备选词汇可知，miss“想念”符合语境，would后续动词原形，故选A。
15．句意：另一个建议是在来之前学习如何做一些你最喜欢的菜。根据“Chinese food in England”并结合备选词汇可知应是学做最喜欢的菜，故选B。
16．句意：在英国的中国食物尝起来与国内的大不相同。此处应填谓语动词，而根据“Chinese food in England”并结合备选词汇可知应是品尝起来不同，故选A。
17．句意：人们通常有自己的房间，带有一个书桌，书架和一个床。根据“a desk”和“a bed”可知此处也应填房间的物品，故选E。
18．句意：浴室和厨房通常在走廊尽头。此处应填表示位置的词汇，结合备选项可知at the end of“在……尽头”符合语境，故选C。
19．careful
【详解】句意：电是危险的。我们必须小心它。此处应填形容词作表语，根据“Electricity is dangerous”可知，be careful with“小心”，符合语境，故填careful。
20．invisible
【详解】句意：虽然空气是看不见的，但我们能感觉到。由air 及生活常识可知，空气是看不见的，visible意为“看的见的”，其反义词为invisible。故填invisible。
21．do
【详解】句意：他数学学得很好。“在某方面做得好”do well in，且空前有情态动词can，所以这里用动词原形。故填do。
22．monthly
【详解】句意：我们可以得到一张每月用电量的账单。根据“we use”可知，此处用副词修饰动词，monthly“每个月”，副词。故填monthly。
23．importance
【详解】句意：如果她知道英语的重要性，她会努力学习的。定冠词the后接名词。形容词important的名词为importance。故填importance。
24．clear
【详解】句意：这很清楚，他赚的这点钱几乎无法供养他的家庭。空前为It’s，be动词后用形容词作表语，副词clearly应变形为形容词clear。故填clear。
25．customers
【详解】句意：不要去这个商店，他们经常欺骗顾客。customer可数名词“顾客”，根据空前“ their”可知，这里需要用名词复数。故填customers。
26． didn’t tell
【详解】句意：乔伊斯告诉他们在他们自己之中讨论这个话题。原句是陈述句的肯定形式，时态为一般过去时，改为否定句应用“主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他”的结构，主语为Joyce，后需填助动词didn’t+动词原形，tell sb sth表示“告诉某人某事”，tell“告诉”，动词。故填didn’t；tell。
27． doesn’t he
【详解】句意：他哥哥在学校吃午饭。根据反意疑问句“前肯定后否定，前否定后肯定”的原则，陈述部分“His brother has lunch at school”是肯定句式，疑问部分用否定，其结构为“助动词+ not（缩略式）+代词（主格）” ，句子时态是一般现在时，主语His brother是第三人称单数，因此反意疑问句的助动词用doesn’t；代词用he。故填doesn’t；he。
28． How get
【详解】句意：琳达在老师的帮助下得了一等奖。画线部分“with the help of the teacher.”表示方式，所以疑问词用how；助动词did后面，动词的一般过去式got要恢复成原形get；故填How；get。
29． Why do
【详解】句意：许多学生来大学城进修。划线部分表示目的，对此提问用疑问词why，come是动词原形，疑问句借助于助动词do，故填Why；do。
30． we should
【详解】句意：我们应该多久发表一次论文？我们都想知道。宾语从句要按照陈述句的语序，原句的“should we”要改为we should，故填we；should。
31． used to
【详解】句意：上海过去是个小渔村。in the past“在过去”，等同于used to意为“曾经”；故填used；to。
32．We don’t allow pets in this hotel.
【详解】根据备用词don’t可知要组成陈述句的否定句。确定主语是we；动宾是don’t allow pets；状语是in this hotel；按照陈述句的语序“主语+谓语+宾语+状语”组句；故答案为We don’t allow pets in this hotel.“我们不允许宠物进入这家旅馆。”
33．B 34．D 35．A 36．C 37．D 38．B
【导语】本文介绍了作者公司两个重要的人员，一个是Thompson先生，一个是怀特先生。Thompson先生和蔼，怀特先生不容易相处。今天早晨怀特先生对大家的态度忽然变好了，原来是因为公司总裁会来公司。
33．细节理解题。由第一段“I’m a member of a large company which has many sections.”可知，作者在一个公司工作，故选B。
34．推理判断题。由第一段“Everyone enjoys working with Mr. Thompson”和第二段“Mr. Thompson is always kind and patient.”可知，Thompson先生和大家相处融洽，故选D。
35．推理判断题。第二段“Mr. Thompson is always kind and patient.”可知，“the opposite”的意思是“相反”，即和“善良、耐心”相反的意思，结合选项可知，A选项符合。故选A。
36．细节理解题。由第三段“if it isn’t too much trouble for you, could you please make these telephone calls for me ”知，怀特先生让June Erickson去打几个电话，故选C。
37．细节理解题。由第三段句子“But Mr. White surprised us this morning.”和“He was kind and polite”可知，怀特先生让我们感到惊讶是因为他变得和善、有礼貌，故选D。
38．推理判断题。由最后一段“I’ve been told that the president of our company will be here soon. He’s very interested in the welfare of his employees and will have some question to ask you about that.”可知，怀特先生的变化是因为公司总裁会来公司对员工询问福利问题，所以大家没有相信他做出了真正的改变，故选B。
39．B 40．D 41．C 42．A 43．B 44．A
【导语】本文讲述了一个男人和两个铁匠是邻居，左边一个，右边一个。这两个铁匠日夜不停地制造噪音。这个男人睡不着觉，让他们搬家，他们同意了。但是当这个男人睡觉时，又听见了噪音。原来这两个铁匠互相搬到彼此的家里。
39．句意：这两个铁匠日夜不停地制造噪音。
All三者或三者以上都；Both两者都；None三者或三者以上没有；Neither两者都不。根据“A man lived with two blacksmiths”可知，此处指的是两个铁匠，根据“Your noise made me mad!”可知，他们两个都制造噪音，故选B。
40．句意：这个男人无法睡觉。
school学校；work工作；office办公室；sleep睡觉。根据“...of the blacksmiths made a lot of noise day and night.”可知，这两个铁匠制造噪音，因此他无法睡觉，故选D。
41．句意：但是突然他又听到了噪音。
listened听，强调动作；listened to听，强调动作；heard听见，表示结果；made制作。根据“He got up at once, and ran to the window and..., ‘You promise to make a move, didn’t you ’”可知，此处表示他听到了噪音，强调听到了，用动词heard，故选C。
42．句意：他变得非常生气。
angry生气的；happy高兴的；excited兴奋的；sad悲伤的。根据“But suddenly he...the noise again”可知，他又听见了噪音，因此非常生气，故选A。
43．句意：他马上起来，跑到窗前大喊：“你们答应了搬家，不是吗？”
said说，强调说话的内容；shouted大喊；talked谈论；spoke说，强调说某种语言。根据“He became yery...”可知，他非常生气，因此大喊，故选B。
44．句意：另一个人说：“然后，我搬到他家。”
his他的（东西）；her她的；mine我的（东西）；your你的。根据前文的“‘I moved into his house’ one of the blacksmiths smiled.”可知，其中一个铁匠搬到另一个铁匠家，因此表示搬到他家，用代词his表示his house，故选A。
45．(l)ike 46．(e)nergy 47．(c)hange 48．(A)lthough 49．(w)ithout 50．(j)obs 51．(p)ower
【导语】本文是有关电的相关知识介绍。
45．句意：它是一种二次能源，这意味着我们从其他能源的转换中获得它，如煤、天然气、石油、核能和其他自然资源，这些被称为一次能源。根据“coal, natural gas, oil, nuclear power and other natural sources”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是like“像，比如”，是介词，故填(l)ike。
46．句意：电是自然界的基本组成部分，是我们最广泛使用的能源形式之一。根据首字母提示及常识可知，电是能源形式之一，故填(e)nergy。
47．句意：托马斯·爱迪生帮助改变了每个人的生活。根据首字母提示及“everyone’s life — he perfected his invention — the electric light bulb.”可知，爱迪生发明的电灯泡改变了人们的生活，故填(c)hange。
48．句意：虽然电在我们的日常生活中非常重要，但我们大多数人几乎不会停下来思考没有电的生活会是什么样子。根据“electricity is very important in our daily life, most of us hardly stop to think what life would be like”可知，两句之间是让步关系，结合首字母提示可知，此处用although“虽然”引导让步状语从句，故填(A)lthough。
49．句意：虽然电在我们的日常生活中非常重要，但我们大多数人几乎不会停下来思考没有电的生活会是什么样子。根据“most of us hardly stop to think what life would be like...electricity”及首字母提示可知，人们几乎不会停下来思考没有电的生活会是什么样子，此处表示“没有”，应用介词without，故填(w)ithout。
50．句意：每天，我们都用电为我们做很多工作。根据首字母提示及“from lighting and heating/cooling our homes, to powering our televisions and computers.”可知，我们用电做很多工作，job“工作”，是可数名词，此处要用复数形式，故填(j)obs
51．句意：电是一种有用而方便的能源形式，用于光、热和电的应用。根据首字母提示及常识可知，电能用于光、热和电的应用，故填(p)ower。
52．We can fly a kite, go fishing and ride bikes. 53．The weather is sunny and hot. 54．Auturmn. 55．The weather is probably cold and snowy. 56．No.
【导语】本文主要介绍一年四季的情况和人们的活动。
52．根据第一段中“There are many funny things to do in spring, such as flying a kite, going fishing and riding bikes.”可知，在春天我们可以放风筝、钓鱼和骑自行车。故填We can fly a kite, go fishing and ride bikes.
53．根据第二段中“In summer, the days are long. And the weather is sunny and hot.”可知，夏天天气晴朗炎热。故填The weather is sunny and hot.
54．根据第三段中“In autumn, … It’s a harvest seasons for farmers”可知，农民的收获季节是秋季。故填Auturmn.
55．根据第四段中“In winter, the weather may be cold and snowy.”可知，冬天天气可能又冷又雪。故填The weather is probably cold and snowy.
56．根据第四段中“In winter, we have many fun things to do：ice skating, skiing, throwing snowballs, making snowmen…”及第三段“In autumn, … collect leaves, …”可知，秋天收集树叶，人们冬天不收集树叶。故填No.
57．One possible version:
Electricity is important in our daily life. Many things need electricity to work. Without electricity, we can’t live or at least we can’t live well. So electricity plays an important role in our life. We can’t do many things without it.
But electricity can also be dangerous if we don’t use it properly. We must be careful when using electricity. After using an electrical appliance, remember to turn it off.
Use electricity properly, and it can make our life colourful and comfortable.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇议论文，介绍日常生活中的电
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”
③提示：题目要求根据提示所给的问题，谈谈电在人们日常生活中的作用以及如何正确用电。
[写作步聚]
第一步，介绍电与人类的关系以及电在日常生活中的作用。
第二步，如何正确用电。
第三步，最后发出倡议。
[亮点词汇]
①play a role in在……方面起作用
②electrical appliance电器
③turn off关掉
[高分句型]
①But electricity can also be dangerous if we don’t use it properly.（if引导的条件状语从句）
②Use electricity properly, and it can make our life colourful and comfortable.（祈使句+and+陈述句）
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