Unit4 Newspaper B卷·能力提升（含解析）

Unit 4（B卷·提升能力）
学校:________姓名：________班级：________考号：________
一、单项选择
1．My English teacher likes doing sports, so he is ________ excellent condition.
A．in B．on C．at D．after
2．The inventor has invented many________ in his life.
A．inventions B．inventor C．inventors D．invention
3．I saw a strange man ________ the room quietly.
A．enter B．entered C．to enter D．enters
4．My ________ work is teaching and checking my students’ homework.
A．day B．every day C．day’s D．daily
5．Chairman Xi leads us ________ China Dream. Let’s work on it.
A．achieving B．achieved C．achievement D．to achieve
6．The two boys ________ with each other about a basketball just now.
A．fought B．fight C．are fighting D．have fought
7．The inventor ________ many inventions in his life.
A．invents B．has invented C．invented D．inventing
8．This is my ________ car. I bought it by myself.
A．owner B．own C．owning D．owned
9．I ________ English for three years. I will study it well.
A．studied B．have studied C．am studying D．studies
10．I have studied English ________ I came this school.
A．for B．when C．since D．while
二、短文选词填空
读下面短文，从方框中选择合适单词或词组，并用正确形式填入空白处，其中两项是多余的。
easy, listen, give up, possible, make, note, calm, win, be
“This is not the way to deal with Chinese people,” said Chinese interpreter (口译译员) Zhang Jing 11 .
Last year, China and the US held an important meeting. Zhang’s translation impressed the US side and also 12 her lots of fans on social media.
Providing translation at important events like this is very difficult. It tests not just a person’s English skills. He or she must be able to take quick 13 and think fast, too. For Zhang, however, it all seems to be a piece of cake.
But Rome wasn’t built in a day. Ever since she 14 in middle school, Zhang had wanted to be a diplomat (外交官). She was always working hard. Every morning, Zhang got up early 15 to the news in English. She spent lots of time doing translation exercises. The girl kept 16 progress. Finally, her dream came true.
Do you want to be as good at speaking English as Zhang Work hard towards your goals and never 17 . That’s exactly the key to succeed.
三、用所给单词的正确形式填空
18．Let her introduce our city to you. (brief)
19．They had no but to agree to what he suggested. (choose)
20．To my (shame), I never thanked him for his kindness.
21．Thank you very much for giving me the useful .（suggest）
22．I make a (decide) to be a doctor when I grow up.
23．— Have you ever heard of Yilin (publish) House
— Yes, of course. It’s very famous.
四、句型转换
24．Soldiers fought against their enemies in the First World War.（一般疑问句）
soldiers against their enemies in the First World War
25．I feel like going to Europe for a visit next summer vacation.（就划线部分提问）
do you feel like next summer vacation
26．I will understand the sentence after I look it up in the dictionary.（保持意思基本不变）
I understand the sentence I look it up in the dictionary.
27．There is hardly any traffic in the early morning here.（反意疑问句）
There is hardly any traffic in the early morning here,
28．Can you tell me Where did you have dinner tonight （合并两句为一句）
Can you tell me you dinner tonight
29．less, tried, their, with, people, build, wood, three, to, house
.
五、阅读单选
In December 2021, people in Shenzhen found that water ran more slowly from their taps. The government said the.city was facing its most serious water shortage（短缺）ever.
Some other cities in the southern part of China, like Chengdu and Guangzhou, are also becoming “thirsty”, The Paper pared with northern areas, southern areas have more rain and are close to more rivers and lakes. So why are they still short on water
In big cities like Shenzhen and Guangzhou, populations are growing fast. As a result, people and factories need more and more water. Each person in Shenzhen has less than 200 cubic meters of water each year. It’s 1/12 of the country’s average. According to the United Nations, it is an “absolute water shortage” (极度缺水) when the number is below 500 cubic meters.
Climate change is making the water problem worse. For example, most cities in Guangdong rely on the Dongjiang River as their main source (源) of water. In 2021, the river was reported to be drying up. Because of climate change, there’s also less snow in the mountains of Tibet. The snow has long been the source of water for many areas in China. Those mountains might provide less water in the future.
There are other reasons for water shortages. For example, water pollution makes it harder to get clean drinking water. Factories and farms don’t use water efficiently (有效地). Some cities have enough rainfall but don’t have big lakes or reservoirs (水库) to store water. The water just goes into the sea.
30．Why does the writer call these cities “thirsty”
A．Because they have wasted too much water.
B．Because they use more water than other cities.
C．Because they have few lakes and rivers.
D．Because they are short on water.
31．The amount of water each person has in Shenzhen each year ________.
A．meets the UN’s standards
B．is higher than the country’s average
C．shows that the city’s water problem is serious
D．is the same as other parts of China
32．Which of the following words can replace the word “rely” in paragraph 4
A．depend B．focus
C．advise D．reply
33．Why is there less water in China’s rivers according to Paragraph 4
A．People are using up the water in these rivers.
B．The rivers flow through many areas with less rain.
C．Mountains in Tibet have less snow.
D．Most water goes to the sea before people can get it.
34．Which of the following is NOT a reason for the water shortage mentioned in the last paragraph
A．Water pollution. B．Wasting water.
C．Lack of storing place. D．Climate change.
六、完形填空
Nowadays more and more Chinese teenagers find life more difficult without their parents. They don’t know how to do 35 . Because their parents do almost everything for them at home. This is a big problem.
Joy is 14 years old. One day her parents went away on business, so she had to stay at home 36 . At first she thought she would be happy 37 her parents were not in. She could do everything 38 she liked. But it was six o’clock in the afternoon, she felt 39 . “Oh, it’s time to have supper. Where can I get my food ” she said to herself. Later she found some food in the fridge, but she 40 know how to cook. At that moment, she missed her 41 very much. At last she could only go to the supermarket and 42 some food to eat.
Many of teenagers are 43 as Joy. So I think they should learn some basic life skills, like cooking, tidying up their rooms or dressing themselves 44 . They shouldn’t depend too much on their parents.
35．A．their homework B．some shopping C．business D．housework
36．A．lonely B．away C．alone D．together
37．A．so B．because C．but D．until
38．A．that B．who C．where D．when
39．A．hungry B．full C．excited D．bored
40．A．couldn’t B．didn’t C．might not D．wouldn’t
41．A．cousin B．aunt C．brother D．parents
42．A．made B．bought C．gave D．saw
43．A．the same B．difficult C．different D．warm-hearted
44．A．quickly B．carefully C．properly D．slowly
七、短文首字母填空
单词拼写
Remember to use good body language after you sit down too. You should look interested and sit up s 45 . If you sit in a lazy way, you will give the interviewer a very bad i 46 . You should show respect and interest by smiling and n 47 your head when the interviewer speaks. Also, try not to hold your arms a 48 your chest （胸部）. It will make you look b 49 and nervous.
Make sure your face and body are turned towards the interviewer. If you are turned away from him or her, the interviewer might think you are getting ready to run out of the door!
Finally, don’t shake your legs. This is i 50 and makes you look nervous. If you use good body language and the right gestures, you will appear able, confident, friendly and honest.
八、
Giving generously (慷慨地) and receiving gratefully(感激地) make it easier to live happily with others. Yet, why do we have such difficulty completing these things in our relationships
Let me start with the idea of giving generously. I think people are reluctant (不情愿的) to be generous with others because they fear being used.
For example, my husband and I have family members who only contact us when they need money. We usually accept their requests (要求), but we seldom receive a “thank you”. Most people would say that my husband and I are being used, and I supposed we are. But when we give, we shouldn’t be giving for the purpose of getting gratitude(感激) or praise.
Instead, we should be giving because it’s the good thing to do. A “thank you” is only the icing on the cake. Everything that we have, from our ability to wake up each morning to the money in our bank account, is a gift from the world.
In return, the world asks us to use these gifts to help others, either by giving them our time or our resources. The good news is that when we live our lives being nice to others, our lives run more smoothly. And at the same time, we should remember to receive gratefully. I truly believe that you cannot say “thank you” enough. So often we get lazy about expressing gratitude. Parents can feel unappreciated (无人感激的) by their children, and teachers can feel unappreciated by their students.
Just because a task is part of someone’s job description which doesn’t mean that you shouldn’t thank them for it. Words of appreciation make others feel good about themselves.
It’s good for us to say “thank you” because we regularly need to remind ourselves of how lucky we are. And hearing those two words can make us feel great for days. If you are looking for a secret solution to improve your life, I can give you one: Give generously and receive gratefully.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
51．What can make it easier to live happily with others
52．What’s the writer’s opinion about helping others, according to Paragraph 3
53．What will happen if we choose to be nice to others
54．Why do parents and teachers may feel unappreciated
55．Is it good or bad to say “thank you” to the people around you
九、材料作文
56．春季感冒高发期，同学们学习压力又大，导致生病的学生增多，所以保持身体健康就非常的重要，那么如何才能保持身心健康？请你以“How to keep healthy ”为题写80词左右的作文，文中要提出一些好的建议并号召同学们注意保持身体健康。
内容包括：
（1）表达你对保持健康的看法。
（2）列举你对保持健康的建议。
（3）号召同学们保持健康。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．A
【详解】句意：我的英语老师喜欢运动，因此他身体不错。
考查介词短语。in(表示状态、情况)处于……中；on在……上面；at在；after在……之后。短语in excellent condition意为“身体健康” 。故选A。
2．A
【详解】句意：这个发明家一生中发明了许多发明。
考查名词辨析及可数名词的复数形式。inventions发明，名词，复数形式；inventor发明家，名词，单数形式；inventors发明家，名词，复数形式；invention发明，名词，单数形式。根据句意可知，此处表达的是“发明”，前面有“many”修饰，因此应用复数形式；故选A。
3．A
【详解】句意：我看到一个陌生人悄悄地进入了房间。
考查动词固定搭配。see sb. do sth.意为“看见某人做了某事”，后面动词应该用动词原形作宾语补足语，故选A。
4．D
【详解】句意：我的日常工作是教书和检查学生的作业。
考查形容词用法。day一天；every day每天；day’s一天的；daily日常的，每日的。根据“My…work”可知设空处应填一个形容词，修饰名词“work”，结合句意可知，此处指的是“日常的工作”，故选D。
5．D
【详解】句意：习主席领导我们实现中国梦，让我们努力吧。。
考查非谓语动词。lead sb. to do sth“领导某人做某事”，固定搭配。故选D。
6．A
【详解】句意：这两个男孩刚才因为一个篮球而打起架来。
考查动词时态。根据题干中的just now可知，时态是一般过去时，需用动词过去式形式。故选A。
7．B
【详解】句意：这个发明家一生发明了许多发明。
考查现在完成时 。根据题干“in his life”可知表示在他一生中，应用现在完成时， 表示已完成的动作对现在的影响。故选B。
8．B
【详解】句意：这是我自己的小汽车，是我自己买的。
考查形容词搭配。owner主人；own自己的；owning拥有，动名词形式；owned拥有，过去式。所有格+own表示“某人自己的”，固定搭配。故填B。
9．B
【详解】句意：我学习英语已经有三年了。我要学好它。
考查现在完成时。结合语境和“for three years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，即“have/has+过去分词”的结构。故选B。
10．C
【详解】句意：自从我来到这个学校，我就一直学习英语。
考查连词辨析。For为了；When在……时；Since自从；while在……时。根据“I have studied English... I came this school.”可知，主句是现在完成时，从句为一般过去时，应用since引导时间状语从句，表示“自从”。故选C。
11．calmly 12．won 13．notes 14．was 15．to listen 16．making 17．give up
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国口译译员张静的成长经历以及如何努力实现自己成为一名外交官的梦想。
11．句意：中国翻译张静平静地说。此空修饰动词said，应填副词，备选词calm的副词calmly“平静地”符合，故填calmly。
12．句意：张的翻译给美方留下了深刻印象，也在社交媒体上赢得了大量粉丝。根据“her lots of fans on social media”及备选词可知，此处指赢得了许多粉丝，win“赢得”，根据impressed可知，此空应填动词过去式，故填won。
13．句意：他或她必须能够快速记笔记和快速思考。根据“take quick”及备选词可知，此处用take notes表示“记笔记”，故填notes。
14．句意：从中学开始，张女士就想成为一名外交官。此处是主系表结构，since引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主语she是第三人称单数形式，be动词用was，故填was。
15．句意：每天早上，张都起得很早去听英语新闻。根据“to the news”可知，此处指听新闻，listen to“听”，“起早”的目的是为了听新闻，用动词不定式表目的状语，故填to listen。
16．句意：女孩不断进步。make progress“取得进步”，keep doing sth“持续做某事”，此空应填动名词，故填making。
17．句意：朝着你的目标努力工作，永不放弃。根据“Work hard towards your goals and never”可知此处指绝不放弃，give up“放弃”，根据work hard可知，此空应填动词原形，故填give up。
18．briefly
【详解】句意：让她简略地向你介绍我们的城市。根据“introduce our city”可判断此处用brief的副词形式briefly“简略地”修饰动词introduce，故填briefly。
19．choice
【详解】句意：他们没有选择，只能同意他的建议。固定搭配have no choice but to do sth.“除了做某事别无选择”，因此空处应填名词choice“选择”。故填choice。
20．shame
【详解】句意：令我羞愧的是，我从未感谢过他的好意。shame“羞愧”，名词。此处是固定短语to one’s shame“令某人羞愧的是”，故填shame。
21．suggestion##suggestions
【详解】句意：非常感谢你给我的有用建议。此处在动词后作宾语，用名词suggestion，表示“建议”，此处表示单数或复数含义均可，故填suggestion(s)。
22．decision
【详解】句意：我决定长大后成为一名医生。a后接名词单数，decide的名词形式decision，意为“决定”，make a decision“作出决定”。故填decision。
23．Publishing
【详解】句意：——你听说过译林出版社吗？——当然，它非常有名。根据“Have you ever heard of Yilin…House ”和提示词可知，Yilin Publishing House“译林出版社”，专有名词。故填Publishing。
24． Did fight
【详解】句意：士兵们在第一次世界大战中与他们的敌人作战。结合题干，可知原句是一般过去时的陈述句，其一般疑问句应以过去式的助动词did为首，而此时疑问句中的谓语动词应用原形fight。故填Did；fight。
25． What doing
【详解】句意：我想明年暑假去欧洲游玩。划线部分going to Europe for a visit为动名词，疑问句由what来提问，结合题干可知，当询问对方明年暑假想做什么时，可用句式what do you feel like doing sth. next summer vacation“你明年暑假想要做什么”。故填What；doing。
26． won’t until
【详解】句意：我会在查阅字典后理解这个句子的。原句表示“我”会在查阅字典后理解这个句子，即“直到查阅字典后，我才会理解这个句子”，可用not...until...“直到……才……”，此句“I...understand the sentence...I look it up in the dictionary.”时态应与原句一致，为一般将来时，结合题干，谓语结构是will do，而will not缩写后是won’t。故填won’t；until。
27． is there
【详解】句意：这里早上几乎没有什么车。反意疑问句遵从“前肯后否，或前否后肯”，结合题干，前面陈述部分“There is hardly any traffic in the early morning here”有hardly“几乎不”，表否定，所以此时后面疑问尾句部分应用肯定形式is there。故填is；there。
28． where had
【详解】句意：你能告诉我吗？你今晚在哪里吃的晚餐？根据“Can you tell me...you...dinner tonight ”可知，“...you...dinner tonight”为宾语从句，结合题干，该从句表示的是你今晚在哪里吃的晚餐，此时从句的引导词为where，且从句的时态是一般过去时，所以从句的谓语动词应用过去式had。故填where；had。
29．Three people tried to build their house with less wood
【详解】根据所给标点可知应用陈述句的形式，分析所给单词可知，其中try to do sth.，表示“试图做某事”；three people作主语，tried作谓语，动词不定式to build their house作宾语，with less wood作方式状语，位于句末。故填Three people tried to build their house with less wood“三个人试图用较少的木材来建造他们的房子”。
30．D 31．C 32．A 33．C 34．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了包括深圳，成都和广州在内的一些大城市面临极度缺水的问题。并分析了缺水的原因。
30．细节理解题。根据“Compared with northern areas, southern areas have more rain and are close to more rivers and lakes. So why are they still short on water ”可知，南方城市缺水，所以被称之为 “thirsty”。故选D。
31．细节理解题。根据“Each person in Shenzhen has less than 200 cubic meters of water each year. It’s 1/12 of the country’s average. According to the United Nations, it is an“absolute water shortage” (极度缺水) when the number is below 500 cubic meters.”可知，深圳每人每年的用水量表明这个城市的水问题很严重。故选C。
32．词义猜测题。根据“For example, most cities in Guangdong rely on the Dongjiang River as their main source (源) of water.”可知东江是主要的水源，所以城市主要依靠它。推知rely是依靠。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据 “Because of climate change, there’s also less snow in the mountains of Tibet.Those mountains might provide less water in the future.”可知，西藏山区的雪减少了，使得河流水量减少。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据最后一段“water pollution”“Factories and farms don’t use water efficiently (有效地).”“Some cities have enough rainfall but don’t have big lakes or reservoirs”可知，最后一段没有提到气候变化。故选D。
35．D 36．C 37．B 38．A 39．A 40．B 41．D 42．B 43．A 44．C
【导语】本文以Joy为例讲述了现在越来越多的青年人过于依赖父母，独立性很差这一大问题，建议他们应该学习一些基本的生活技能，不要过于依赖父母。
35．句意：他们不知道如何去做家务。
their homework他们的家庭作业；some shopping一些购物；business生意；housework家务。根据“Because their parents do almost everything for them at home.”可知，此处是指他们不会做家务。故选D。
36．句意：一天她的父母出差了，所以她不得不一个人待在家里。
lonely孤独的；away离开；alone独自；together一起。根据“One day her parents went away on business”可知，父母出差了，她只得一个人独自待在家里。故选C。
37．句意：起初，她以为她会很高兴，因为她的父母不在家。
so所以；because因为；but但是；until直到。根据“she thought she would be happy ... her parents were not in”可知，句子前后是因果关系，前果后因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选B。
38．句意：她可以做她喜欢的一切事情。
that那，在定语从句中指代人或物；who谁，在定语从句中指代人；where哪儿，在定语从句中作地点状语；when什么时候，在定语从句中作时间状语。根据“She could do everything ... she liked.”可知，句子为定语从句，先行词everything指物，因此关系词用that。故选A。
39．句意：但是在下午的6点钟时，她感到饿了。
hungry饿的；full饱的；excited兴奋的；bored无聊的。根据“Oh, it’s time to have supper.”可知，到晚饭的时间了，因此是感到饿了。故选A。
40．句意：后来她在冰箱里找到了一些食物，但是她不知道怎么烹饪。
couldn’t不能；didn’t不，过去时的否定；might not也许不；wouldn’t不会。根据“but she ... know how to cook.”可知，是指她不知道如何烹饪，用一般过去时的否定。故选B。
41．句意：在那一刻，她非常想念他的父母。
cousin堂兄弟；aunt阿姨；brother兄弟；parents父母。根据“she ... know how to cook.”可知，她不知道怎么烹饪，这一刻应该是很想念她的父母。故选D。
42．句意：最后，她只能去超市买一些食物吃。
made制作；bought买；gave给；saw看见。根据“go to the supermarket”可知，是指去超市买一些食物。故选B。
43．句意：很多的青少年和Joy一样。
the same一样；difficult困难的；different不同的；warm-hearted热心的。the same as“与……一样”，固定搭配。故选A。
44．句意：所以，我认为他们应该学一些基本的生活技能，比如做饭，整理房间或者穿着得体。
quickly快速地；carefully仔细地；properly正确地；slowly慢慢地。根据“they should learn some basic life skills, like cooking, tidying up their rooms or dressing themselves”可知，前面说他们应该学习一些基本的生活技能，因此是指正确地穿着。故选C。
45．(s)traight 46．(i)mpression 47．(n)odding 48．(a)cross 49．(b)ored 50．(i)mpolite
【导语】本文讲述了面试时所要注意的行为。
45．句意：你应该看起来很感兴趣，坐直了。根据“ If you sit in a lazy way” 和首字母可知，空处缺少“直”的意思，straight“直” , 修饰动词sit。故填(s)traight。
46．句意：如果你懒散地坐着，你会给面试官留下很坏的印象。根据“If you sit in a lazy way” 和首字母可知，空处缺少“印象”的意思，impression“印象”，前面有不定冠词a，可知，用其单数形式。故填(i)mpression。
47．句意：当面试官说话时，你应该微笑并点头表示尊重和兴趣。根据“your head” 和首字母可知，空处缺少“点头”的意思，nod“点头” ，根据by和and可知，介词by后跟nod的动名词形式nodding。故填(n)odding。
48．句意：此外，尽量不要双臂交叉在胸前。根据“ your chest”和首字母可知，空处缺少“交叉”的意思，across“穿过”，hold across“保持交叉” 。故填(a)cross。
49．句意：这会使你看起来厌烦和紧张。根据“try not to hold your arms…”和首字母可知，空处缺少“无聊的”意思，bored“厌烦的”，look为系动词，后跟形容词。故填(b)ored。
50．句意：这是不礼貌的，让你看起来很紧张。根据“Finally, don’t shake your legs.”和首字母可知，空处缺少“不礼貌的”的意思，impolite“不礼貌的”。故填(i)mpolite。
51．Giving generously and receiving gratefully can make it easier to live happily with others. 52．When we help others, we shouldn’t be giving for the purpose of getting gratitude or praise. 53．Our lives will go more smoothly. 54．Because we often get lazy about expressing gratitude. 55．It is good.
【导语】本文主要是为了说服人们慷慨地给予和感激地接受。
51．根据“Giving generously (慷慨地) and receiving gratefully(感激地) make it easier to live happily with others”可知，慷慨地给予和感激地接受会让你更容易与他人快乐地生活在一起。故填Giving generously and receiving gratefully can make it easier to live happily with others.
52．根据“But when we give, we shouldn’t be giving for the purpose of getting gratitude(感激) or praise.”可知，作者认为当我们付出时，我们不应该为了获得感激或赞美而付出。故填When we help others, we shouldn’t be giving for the purpose of getting gratitude or praise.
53．根据“The good news is that when we live our lives being nice to others, our lives run more smoothly.”可知，在作者看来，当我们善待他人时，我们的生活就会更顺畅。故填Our lives will go more smoothly.
54．根据“So often we get lazy about expressing gratitude. Parents can feel unappreciated (无人感激的) by their children, and teachers can feel unappreciated by their students.”可知，父母和老师会觉得不被感激是因为我们常常懒得表达感激之情。故填Because we often get lazy about expressing gratitude.
55．根据“It’s good for us to say “thank you” because we regularly need to remind ourselves of how lucky we are.”可知，对身边的人说“谢谢”是好的。故填It is good.
56．例文
How to keep healthy
Health comes first for almost everyone. Do you also think so But how to keep healthy
I think we can do much to keep healthy. First, we should spend at least one hour doing sports every day. Second, we need to have enough rest and sleep well every day. Third, we must eat healthy food, like vegetables, fruit and so on. Try not to eat too much meat, chocolate and other unhealthy food. Most importantly, say no to smoking. Finally, we should keep in a good mood all the time.
All in all, it’s of great importance to lead a healthy lifestyle. We should try our best to keep healthy.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：要求以“How to keep healthy ”为题，结合提示内容进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图，引出如何保持健康；
第二步，表达你对保持健康的看法并列举你对保持健康的建议；
第三步，号召同学们保持健康。
[亮点词汇]
①keep healthy保持健康
②at least至少
③and so on等等
④all the time一直
[高分句型]
①Try not to eat too much meat, chocolate and other unhealthy food.（祈使句）
②All in all, it’s of great importance to lead a healthy lifestyle.（It固定句型）
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