人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Courage复习学案（无答案）

Unit 4 Adversity and courage
________________n. 逆境；困境 ________________n. 工资； ________________adj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的 ________________n.探险；远征；探险队 ________________n 忍耐力；耐久力 ________________n 精力；力量；活力 ________________拒绝（某人） ________________adj.符合资格的；具备...的知识 ________________adj.热情的；热心的 ________________adv.prep.上(船，飞机，骑车等) ________________n 橱柜；壁橱；衣柜 ________________vt.分派；布置；分配 steward n.________________ ________________n/v羡慕；忌妒 ______________n/v 毁坏；压坏；n拥挤的人群 ___________vi(______ _______) 沉没；使沉没 ________________vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃 ________________n. 炉具；厨房灶具 ________________n 毯子 ________________n财务；动产 Banjo n.________________ ________________adj.痛苦的；令人难受的 ________________v /n.航海；航行 ________________n 海军；海军部队 _____________adj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的 ________________adj.温馨的；舒适的 ________________ adj.自私的 ________________adj.脾气好的/坏的 ______________adj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 ______________n 毅力；韧性；不屈不饶的精神 ________________vi 坚持；孜孜以求 ________________v 决定；决心；n.决心；信念 ________________n 决议；解决；坚定 ________________n 一群人；专业团队 ________________adj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的 ________________adj.深入的；彻底的；细致的 ________________n 家具 ________________adv.不幸地；遗憾地 ________________adv.幸运地 ________________n/v 吠叫；吠叫声 ________________n橄榄球运动 ________________n 球拍；蝙蝠；v 挥打；拍打 ________________adj.潮湿的；湿气重的 ________________n 娱乐；消遣；游戏 ________________n 指导；引导；导航 ________________n 侄子；外甥 ________________n 广告活动；广告业 ________________ v.公布；宣传；做广告 ________________adj. 公司的；法人的；社团的 ________________adj.汹涌的；粗糙的 ________________n 领航员；航行者 ________________adj. 忠诚的；忠实的 ________________n 发动机；马达；adj.引擎的 ________________n. 候选人；应试者 Make fire ________________ ________________ 放出(热，光，气味或气体) ________________n一段经历；片段；插曲 ________________n承诺；保证；奉献 ________________n动机；原因；目的 Confucianism n.________________ Antarctica ________________ The South Pole ________________
A successful failure
Perce Blackborow joined an expedition with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance in 1914. Shackleton was one of the most famous1._________(explore)of his day and it was considered a great honour to be part of his expeditions. Below are some of Blackborow' s diary entries.
Well, it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition. An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Emest Shackleton ——this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of. And I was ready for it. At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour. However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified. But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them 2.____I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard. Unfortunately, three days after we set off I was discovered. Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job, but only after he promised me， “If anyone has to be eaten, then you will be the first! ＂He assigned me to be a steward, and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day.
How everyone will 3.______(嫉妒)me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
The journey has not been easy. Endurance became stuck in the ice as we approached Antarctica. The ice froze around us and we were well and truly stuck! We saw the ship get crushed by the ice. And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it.
Before we abandoned the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies---the small boats, our food, the cook stove, candles, clothes, and blankets. This was no time to panic. We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings, and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. But to our surprise, he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo. Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits up.
We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt.
We have been struggling for days, but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to 4.______(bad). We are now crowded together under one of our boats on the rock shore of this miserable place. Soon after we arrived, Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island, 1, 320 kilometres away-the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats. If Shackleton fails, will we have any hope of rescue No. No navy in the world ever stops at Elephant Island, and no one else knows that we are here.
I feel low. It's cold and 5._____(wind). The island has no plants. Sometimes we are able to catch a seal or a penguin to eat. Otherwise, there is no food. I try to think of happier things: decent food, warm and dry clothes, a cosy bedroom, sunny days and my mother’s face . However, these happy memories are soon interrupted by a sudden cold rush of air.
I shouted, “Shut the door!”
“Hold on now, Perce. Don't you go turning into another Tom,” came the reply. “We’ve caught another penguin, so it’s penguin soup tonight!”
Bless Frank Wild, the kindest man there is after our leader Ernest Shackleton. How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-lees!
Without Frank and Ernest, we’d all be dead by now. Their genuine concern for others, their perseverance, and their resolve fill me 6.____ hope.
Perhaps there is a chance we will return home, after all.
THE REWARD FOR PERSEVERANCE 锲而不舍的回报
We watched as Shackleton and the boat sailed away from Elephant Island. It was easy to imagine the danger ahead of them. Would they ever return to find us What might happen to them What if they were delayed We felt so alone and desperate. But it was not for long. There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up.
Life fell into a regular pattern. Staying alive took all our time and energy. For example, we needed water, and Elephant Island had none. We found that we could melt ice from the ocean and drink the water from it . But how could we make fire There were no trees 7._____(grow) on Antarctica and no oil, so the only fuel we could use was animal fat. This gave off oily, black smoke, but it stayed burning even in strong winds.
Food was also a problem, as we did not find any vegetables or fruit on the island. One of our group members, Lionel Greenstreet, noted in his diary about how bored he was with the meals: "The food now is pretty well all meat of sea creatures." If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve. As a chef, it was my duty to cook, so I tried to vary the meals in whatever way I could. But it was difficult.
We had to be careful not to go outside too often, as the changing temperatures could make us ill. It was almost as dangerous to become too hot from wearing too many clothes as to become too cold from wearing too few. The sweat could freeze very quickly. Many of us also became ill from the black smoke of the animal fat we burnt for our fires. It damaged our eyes and burnt our lungs.
The twenty-two of us lived like this in the cold for four months.Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears8.___ a positive and successful way. We also celebrated our birthdays, festivals, and even the times when we caught a sea animal. This was an episode in my life 9.____ I would never forget.
When we were finally rescued, we felt 10.____ relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. We were at last free to go home to warm beds, good food, and the care of our family and friends. Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive. And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death.