江苏省昆山市兵希中学2015届九年级中考复习之被动语态

课件28张PPT。专 题 复 习 课
The Passive Voice
被 动 语 态
复习目标
1、掌握语态基本概念；
2、熟悉常见语态转换；
3、在语篇中理解和运用被动语态。
复习重点:
1.一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态；
2.一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态。

复习难点:
1.被动语态中be形的确定；
2.主动语态中省略to的宾补在被动语态中须补上to.一、基本概念复习
1、观察结构
执行者 + 及物动词+承受者
Workers make cars in this factory.
主 谓 宾
承受者 + be+及物动词过去分词 +(by +执行者)
Cars are made (by workers) in this factory.
主 谓
2、总结概念：
谓语动词的执行者作主语，用________语态。
谓语动词的承受者作主语，用________语态。
主动被动Football is often played all over the world.
A man-made satellite was sent up into space last year.
The ground will be covered with trees in a few years’ time.
The tree must be planted on the ground.
The earth is being dug now.
The food has been eaten up already.学.科.网Conlusion( 1 )学 科网一般现在时：am / is / are + vt.p.p. 一般过去时： was / were + vt.p.p. 一般将来时: will be / be going to be + vt.p.p. 情态动词：must /can /could /may + be + vt.p.p.现在进行时: be (am / is / are) + being + vt.p.p.现在完成时: have / has +been + vt.p.p.被动语态的构成：be +vt.p.p.被动语态：当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。何时使用被动语态？主语是动作的承受者 。二、常见语态转换
（一）一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态。
请将下列主动语态变成被动语态
1.Lucy bought some fruit.
Some fruit _____ ______ _____ Lucy.
2.Uncle Wang waters the flowers every day.
The flowers ___ _______ ____ Uncle Wang every day.
3.Did they build the bridge in 1998?
____ the bridge _____ in 1998?
4.When did Lu Xun write these books?
When _____these books _______ ____ Lu Xun?
5.The farmers don’t grow apples on the farm.
Apples _____ _____ on the farm.
6.They didn’t clean the classroom yesterday.
The classroom _______ ________ yesterday.
小结：
1、被动语态的转换，在be+过去分词中，确定_____ 是关键，_______永不变。
2、Be的时态由_______________确定；be的单/复数由____________确定。
3、问句提前__________; 否定________后加not.
was bought by are watered byWasbuiltwere written by aren’t grownwasn’t cleanedbe 形过去分词主动时态 被动主语be动词be(二）一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态。
请将下列主动语态变成被动语态。
1.You can do the work all by yourself.
The work _____ _____ _____ all by yourself.
2.We must plant more trees.
More trees _____ _____ ________.
3.We should dig a large hole.
A large hole _____ ____ _____.
4.Can we put our bikes here?
_____ our bikes ____ _____ here?
5.You mustn’t throw rubbish here.
Rubbish ______ _____ ______ here.
6.We can’t see many stars.
Many stars ______ ______ _______ .
小结：
1.含情态动词的被动结构： ______________________.
2.疑问句提前_____________; 否定句：___________+not.can be donemust be plantedshould be dugCanbe putmustn’t be thrown can’t be seen 情态动词+be+过去分词情态动词情态动词（三）、动词+宾语+宾补结构的转换
(以动词ask和see 为例)
1.ask sb. to do sth. (____________________)

2.see sb. do sth. (_____________________)
3.see sb. doing sth. (____________________)
带to的不定式作宾补 省略to的不定式作宾补V-ing作宾补 (sb.) be asked to do sth. (_______________________)变成被动，形式不变(sb.) be seen to do sth. (_______________________)被动补上to(sb.) be seen doing sth. (______________________).形式不变请将下列主动语态变成被动语态。
1.The farmer made the horses work the whole day.
The horses______ _____ ___ _____ the whole day.
2.Mum asks the twins not to swim in the lake.
The twins ____ _______ ___ ___ _______ in the lake.
3.I saw a mouse run into the room.
A mouse _____ _____ ____ ____ into the room.
4.I often hear him sing English songs.
He ____ often _____ ____ ____ English songs.
5.I saw Lucy playing in the park just now.
Lucy ____ _____ _______ in the park just now.
6.They watched the children sing that morning.
The children _____ ________ ___ _____ that morning.
小结:1.主动语态中省略to的宾补在被动中应___________.
2.其它形式的宾补在被动中______. were made to workare asked not to swim was seen to runisheard to singwas seen playingwere watched to sing补上to不变zxxkConlusion( 2 )不及物动词（vi.)不用被动语态。e.g. happen, appear, disappear, come, go, arrive, take place,　etc.
e.g. A traffic accident ________(happen) just now.
不能使用被动语态的情况:
happened2.有些短语不用被动语态
do one’s best,
make a face,
make room(腾位子）
make up one’s mind,
belong to
He was making a face when I saw him.
3. 连系动词（Link.v.)不用被动语态。 如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become… e.g. Peking Opera _______ (sound)
beautiful.sounds 4. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态 。 e.g. The pen __________(write) very fast.writes This kind of sweater _______(sell) well. sellsMultiple Choice:( ) If the work __ ,you can go and play games.
A. finished
B. has finished
C. will be finished
D. is finishedD 2. ( ) It was raining heavily outside, the children were made __ in the classroom. A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayedB3. ( ) Kate _______ the letter before her mother came into her bedroom. has written
was written
had written
is writingC4. ( ) To make our city more beautiful, rub- bish __ into the river.
A. needn’t be thrown B. mustn’t be thrown
C. can’t throw D. may not throwB5. ( ) I like my bike. It __ very well.
A. rides B. is riding
C. is ridden
D. has riddenA6. ( ) —I won’t come to the party unless Tom __ , too.
—You mean if Tom comes ,you’ll come.A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invitedD7. ( ) Everyone who heard Mr. Green’s story __ it.laughed at
B. was laughed
C. laughed
D. was laughed atA8. ( ) The children must __ .
A. look after B. be taken good care C. look the same D. be taken good care ofD9. ( ) The woman still doesn’t know what __ in her hometown.A. happens
B. happened
C. will happen
D. was happenedB —Yes. My bike ___.10. ( ) — I saw you came to school on foot this morning. A. is mending B. is being mended C. is mended D. is being mendingB Fill in the blanks using right forms:All the students __________(ask) to bring a kite with them last Sunday.2. Are many ways _______(try) to stop people from cutting down so many trees? .3.This coat _________(wash) well. 4. Must the old people ____________(speak) to politely? were asked tried washesbe spoken 5. I’m often _________(警告）not to copy others’ homework.
6. He couldn’t explain why dinosaurs ___________ (消失).
7. The PRC was _________(成立) on October 1, 1949.
foundedwarned
disappeared Fill in the blanks with the verbs using right tenses and voices:1. Large numbers of plastic bags ___________(use) in the supermarkets every day.2. _____ our country ____(send) up another man-made satellite last year? 3. Must the old people ____________(speak) to politely?4. Her grandma was still alive when he _________(take) to the hospital.5. English __________(speak) in many counties, but the Chinese ______ (speak) their own language.6. Three quarters of the world’s books______________(write) in English.7. This kind of sweater ___________(sell) well.8. _________ Lesson 50 ___________(teach) next week?are usedDidsendbe spokenwas takenis spokenspeakare writtensellsWillbe taughtGoodbye