人教版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists Reading and Thinking 课件(共19张PPT 内嵌音频)

(共19张PPT)
Reading & Thinking
John Snow Defeats
“King Choleara”
What disease can you think of when you look at these pictures
COVID-19
Besides coronavirus（冠状病毒）, what other kinds of epidemics（流行病）do you know
Bird-flu
malaria
plague
Ebola
Smallpox
Cholera
1. Where can you find the passage
A.a science book B. novel
C. a travel guide D. newspaper
2. At last, “King Cholera” was controlled by ___.
A. using medicine in hospital
B. driving patients out of the country
C. dealing with the polluted water
D. getting rid of all kinds of pollution
3.What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the passage
A. To tell readers how John defeated cholera and his influence on scientific research.
B. To tell readers John’s contributions to scientific research.
C. To tell readers the process of defeating cholera.
D. To tell readers how severe the cholera is.
Choose the best answer.
A
C
A
Read the title and picture and predict.
John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”
What does “King” imply in the title
The name of cholera
The causes of cholera
Cholera spread fast
Cholera is powerful and hard to cure
Who
How
What
The text is mainly about ____________ and ______ he defeated king cholera.
how
John Snow
Paragraphs Key words to conclude main idea
1
2-3
4
5
What’s the structure of this passage
Background information
Research process
The truth
Results and significance
paragraph 1
Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome. This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe,millions of people died from the disease. As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera.In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth.However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.
Background information
John
Snow
cholera
Who A ________________________ doctor who even attended ___________________ when she gave birth.
What He had a desire to ________________ once and for all.
British、young and famous
destroy cholera
What It used to be one of_________________________________________
because it causes______________________________________________.
When _______________________________________________.
Where ______________________________________________.
What consequence
the most feared diseases in the world
severe diarrhoea, dehydration and even death
In the early 19th century
Europe
to Queen Victoria
Para.1
Background information
Millions of people died
Read the paragraph 2 and find two contradictory theories
Two Theories
The first theory
caused by bad ______
caused by
__________________.
He needed proof .
The second theory
Snow subscribed to the second theory.
air
germs in food or water
paragraph 2
In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. Snow subscribed to the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed proof. Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.
What did John Snow investigate when another outbreak hit London in 1854
Snow was determined to investigate.
Which houses had more than 4 deaths in Broad Street
Which houses had no death
Why
Public house
Clue: free beer from public house
The pump water carried cholera germs
What method did he use
paragraph 3
Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived. There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16, 37, 38, and 40). However, some households (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. These people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer, and so had not drunk the water from the pump. Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame. What’s more, in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street. It seemed that woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. As a result of this evidence, John Snow was able to annouce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used. Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks.
Snow collected information and offered solutions.
Read Para 2-3 again for scientific stages
A: It was believed that cholera was caused by bad _____ or germs in _____________.
B: Snow was determined to find out_____.
E: Many deaths occurred near the __________ in Broad Street.
Some people ________ drunk the water from the pump, and lived.
F: A woman and her daughter died in another part of London after ____________________ _.


H: The ______ of the pump was removed.
C: Snow the places where the people who ____ had lived.
D: House number 16, 37, 38, and 40; 20 and 21 Broad Street; 8 and 9 Cambridge Street.
G: The pump water carried________________.
air
why
marked on a map
died
handle
cholera germs
moving away from Broad Street
water pump
hadn’t
food or water
Then match the following headers with the letters from the chart above. Write A-H in the blanks.
1.analyse the results____
2.ask a question ____
3.draw a conclusion ____
4.collect data ____
5. find a problem _____
6. find supporting evidence ____
7. think of a method _____
8. offer solutions _____
E
B
G
D
A
F
C
H
paragraph 4
The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London. Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.
What was the truth that Snow had revealed
Water companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste.
Snow found the truth of cholera.
paragraph 5
Through Snow’s tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.However, cholera is still a problem. Each year, millions of people around the world get cholera and many die from it. Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera,thanks to the work of John Snow. Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. For this reason, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.
John Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.
Why is John Snow considered the father of modern epidemiology
With Snow’s work, the world saw a substantial decrease of the threat of cholera, and he transformed the way scientists study diseases.
What contributions did John Snow make
Read Para 5 again and answer the following question.
Water companies began to sell clean water.
The threat of cholera around the world decreased.
Snow helped people know how to prevent cholera.
Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.
Thinking
What qualities and scientific spirits do they have in common？
responsible
knowledgeable
brave/courageous
committed/devoted/dedicated
critical thinking
creative
questioning mind
passionate
curious
ambitious
determined...
Thank you
感谢聆听