2024届高考英语构词法课件-(共19张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语构词法课件-(共19张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 231.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-11-28 12:40:22 | ||
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(共19张PPT)
学案三
构词法基本知识
英语的常见构词法有______________(Compounding)、______________ (derivation )和_____________ (Conversion)。缩写法和简写法(Abbreviation and Simplification)也是构词法的一种。
合成法
派生法
转化法
合成法：将两个或两个以上的单词合成在一起而构成的新词，叫做合成词。
English-speaking
man-made
snow-white
good-looking
full-time
ten-year-old
warm-hearted
well-known
weekend
outbreak
blackboard
typewriter
reading-room
handwriting
understand
sleepwalk
派生法: 即在词根上加前缀或后缀构成另一个与原意略有变化或截然相反的词
（1） 前缀 prefix： 前缀通常只改变词义，不改变词性
mistake
unhappy
unusual
impossible
impolite
unfair
misunderstand
（1） 前缀 prefix： 前缀通常只改变词义，不改变词性
encourage
rewrite
(2)后缀suffix ：后缀通常改变词性，构成意思相近的其它词性的词；少数后缀同时会改变词义
encourage
comfortable
foolish
selfish
peaceful
careless
useless
(2)后缀suffix ：后缀通常改变词性，构成意思相近的其它词性的词；少数后缀同时会改变词义
active
friendly
noisy
healthy
golden
(2)后缀suffix ：后缀通常改变词性，构成意思相近的其它词性的词；少数后缀同时会改变词义
deepen
realize
(2)后缀suffix ：后缀通常改变词性，构成意思相近的其它词性的词；少数后缀同时会改变词义
development
achievement
kindness
discussion
reporter
inventor
warmth
freedom
(2)后缀suffix ：后缀通常改变词性，构成意思相近的其它词性的词；少数后缀同时会改变词义
3. 转化法: 英语单词的词性非常活跃，名词用作动词，动词转化为名词，形容词用作动词等现象非常普遍，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性的方式就叫做词性的转化。
练习一： 利用语境和构词法知识，选择正确的选项。
1. That man was so ____ that he left his smart phone on the bus on the way to work.
A．care B．careful C．careless D．carelessness
2. The soldier died for saving the child，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai.
A. die B. dead C. died D. death
3. He is an expert at chemistry. We all call him a ________.
A. chemistry B. chemical C. chemist D. physician
4.Stephenson became the________railway engineer in the world.
A. lead B. leader C. leading D. leadership
练习一： 利用语境和构词法知识，选择正确的选项。
5.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack looked________about at his classmates.
A. proud B. proudly C. pride D. pridely
6.To everyone’s ________，the girl finished the job quite well.
A. satisfied B. satisfactory C. satisfying D. satisfaction
7. You’d better give up staying up late if you want to keep _______.
A．health B．healthy C．healthily D．healthier
8．____________，Tommy was able to catch the last train and got home on time.
A．Luck B．Lucky C．Luckily D．Unluckily
练习二： 利用语境和构词法知识，用所给单词的恰当形式填空。
1. This book is ___________ (use)! I can’t find any of the information I need.
2. It snowed ___________(heavy) last night and now the streets are covered with snow.
3. Edison was a great ___________. During his life he had many ___________. (invent)
4. If you’re not completely ___________ with our service, you can get your money back. (satisfy)
5. Planting flowers along the streets will help to ___________ the town. (beautiful)
useless
inventor
inventions
satisfied
beautify
heavily
练习二： 利用语境和构词法知识，用所给单词的恰当形式填空。
6. He was a carpenter and spent his spare time carving small ___________ toys for his children. (wood)
7. My ___________ to leave school when I was only 15 was the worst mistake I ever made.(decide)
8. Thank you for your _________. (kind)
9. Tim is a good boy. He is always ___________(friend) to his classmates.
10.It’s _____________ (danger) to play with fire.
wooden
kindness
friendly
dangerous
decision
练习三： 用方框中单词的适当形式完成句子。
1.A motorcycle hit Mary yesterday and she was ______________hurt.
2.I am not pleased with your _____________here. I want to speak to your manager.
3.To get high marks in the exams, we should avoid _______________.
4.I felt _____________lying in the sun on the beach.
5.Hangzhou will be the third Chinese city to host the __________Games after Beijing and Guangzhou.
badly
carelessness
relaxed
Asian
service
relax serve bad Asia care
练习三： 用方框中单词的适当形式完成句子。
1.Every child wants to be the of their parents.
2.Have you ever cut your finger on the edge of a book page The small cut on your finger is so .
3.Scientists around the world are working to a medicine for the cancer.
4.—Timmy, your bedroom is dirty and .
—Sorry, Mum. I’ll clean it right away.
5.The weather report says it will be in the following two days.
pride
discover
tidy
sunny
painful
pain cover sun tidy proud
练习三： 用方框中单词的适当形式完成句子。
1.The story made all of us laugh.
2.We should treat everyone with kindness and , spreading love and joy everywhere we go.
3.It began to rain when the train arrived.
4.They with each other because they have different ideas.
5.Sally is an honest girl. She always tells the .
humorous
heavily
disagree
truth
warmth
agree true humour warm heavy
学案三
构词法基本知识
英语的常见构词法有______________(Compounding)、______________ (derivation )和_____________ (Conversion)。缩写法和简写法(Abbreviation and Simplification)也是构词法的一种。
合成法
派生法
转化法
合成法：将两个或两个以上的单词合成在一起而构成的新词，叫做合成词。
English-speaking
man-made
snow-white
good-looking
full-time
ten-year-old
warm-hearted
well-known
weekend
outbreak
blackboard
typewriter
reading-room
handwriting
understand
sleepwalk
派生法: 即在词根上加前缀或后缀构成另一个与原意略有变化或截然相反的词
（1） 前缀 prefix： 前缀通常只改变词义，不改变词性
mistake
unhappy
unusual
impossible
impolite
unfair
misunderstand
（1） 前缀 prefix： 前缀通常只改变词义，不改变词性
encourage
rewrite
(2)后缀suffix ：后缀通常改变词性，构成意思相近的其它词性的词；少数后缀同时会改变词义
encourage
comfortable
foolish
selfish
peaceful
careless
useless
(2)后缀suffix ：后缀通常改变词性，构成意思相近的其它词性的词；少数后缀同时会改变词义
active
friendly
noisy
healthy
golden
(2)后缀suffix ：后缀通常改变词性，构成意思相近的其它词性的词；少数后缀同时会改变词义
deepen
realize
(2)后缀suffix ：后缀通常改变词性，构成意思相近的其它词性的词；少数后缀同时会改变词义
development
achievement
kindness
discussion
reporter
inventor
warmth
freedom
(2)后缀suffix ：后缀通常改变词性，构成意思相近的其它词性的词；少数后缀同时会改变词义
3. 转化法: 英语单词的词性非常活跃，名词用作动词，动词转化为名词，形容词用作动词等现象非常普遍，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性的方式就叫做词性的转化。
练习一： 利用语境和构词法知识，选择正确的选项。
1. That man was so ____ that he left his smart phone on the bus on the way to work.
A．care B．careful C．careless D．carelessness
2. The soldier died for saving the child，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai.
A. die B. dead C. died D. death
3. He is an expert at chemistry. We all call him a ________.
A. chemistry B. chemical C. chemist D. physician
4.Stephenson became the________railway engineer in the world.
A. lead B. leader C. leading D. leadership
练习一： 利用语境和构词法知识，选择正确的选项。
5.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack looked________about at his classmates.
A. proud B. proudly C. pride D. pridely
6.To everyone’s ________，the girl finished the job quite well.
A. satisfied B. satisfactory C. satisfying D. satisfaction
7. You’d better give up staying up late if you want to keep _______.
A．health B．healthy C．healthily D．healthier
8．____________，Tommy was able to catch the last train and got home on time.
A．Luck B．Lucky C．Luckily D．Unluckily
练习二： 利用语境和构词法知识，用所给单词的恰当形式填空。
1. This book is ___________ (use)! I can’t find any of the information I need.
2. It snowed ___________(heavy) last night and now the streets are covered with snow.
3. Edison was a great ___________. During his life he had many ___________. (invent)
4. If you’re not completely ___________ with our service, you can get your money back. (satisfy)
5. Planting flowers along the streets will help to ___________ the town. (beautiful)
useless
inventor
inventions
satisfied
beautify
heavily
练习二： 利用语境和构词法知识，用所给单词的恰当形式填空。
6. He was a carpenter and spent his spare time carving small ___________ toys for his children. (wood)
7. My ___________ to leave school when I was only 15 was the worst mistake I ever made.(decide)
8. Thank you for your _________. (kind)
9. Tim is a good boy. He is always ___________(friend) to his classmates.
10.It’s _____________ (danger) to play with fire.
wooden
kindness
friendly
dangerous
decision
练习三： 用方框中单词的适当形式完成句子。
1.A motorcycle hit Mary yesterday and she was ______________hurt.
2.I am not pleased with your _____________here. I want to speak to your manager.
3.To get high marks in the exams, we should avoid _______________.
4.I felt _____________lying in the sun on the beach.
5.Hangzhou will be the third Chinese city to host the __________Games after Beijing and Guangzhou.
badly
carelessness
relaxed
Asian
service
relax serve bad Asia care
练习三： 用方框中单词的适当形式完成句子。
1.Every child wants to be the of their parents.
2.Have you ever cut your finger on the edge of a book page The small cut on your finger is so .
3.Scientists around the world are working to a medicine for the cancer.
4.—Timmy, your bedroom is dirty and .
—Sorry, Mum. I’ll clean it right away.
5.The weather report says it will be in the following two days.
pride
discover
tidy
sunny
painful
pain cover sun tidy proud
练习三： 用方框中单词的适当形式完成句子。
1.The story made all of us laugh.
2.We should treat everyone with kindness and , spreading love and joy everywhere we go.
3.It began to rain when the train arrived.
4.They with each other because they have different ideas.
5.Sally is an honest girl. She always tells the .
humorous
heavily
disagree
truth
warmth
agree true humour warm heavy