湖南省长沙市长沙县湘珺未来学校2023-2024学年九年级上学期入学考试英语试题
一、第一部分，基础检测，（用括号内的词的正确形式填空或在空白处填入1个适当的单词。）（共20小题；每小题1份，满分 20分）
1． In summer vacation, everyone is supposed to offer (help) our parents do some chores.
2． We should be thankful to our parents. They always try to provide us a clean and comfortable environment at home.
3． She could read by (she) at the age of four.
4． We got to the railway station on time, the traffic was heavy.
5． I (wait) for the bus when it began to rain cats and dogs.
6． School education without labour education is (complete).
7．He didn't use (read), but now he falls in love with reading.
8． I was so sleepy in class that I found difficult to pay attention to what the teacher said.
9． Hunan is one of the most amazing (province) in China.
10． Never put until tomorrow what you can do today.
11． Doing housework together is one of the (important) things for a happy family.
12． Cloth shoes became popular during the Ming Dynasty, (especial) in Sichuan Province.
13． Cao Yuan, a 22-year-old Chinese scientist, was regarded one of the top 10 people by Nature in 2018.
14． In the past 70 years, China (experience) historic changes and made great achievements.
15． Judy is an outgoing girl. She shows everything on her face, she is happy or not.
16． Our teacher encourages us (read) more books every day to enrich our knowledge.
17． Young children are often taught road (safe) to avoid road accidents.
18． We have two more classes. One is physics, and other is politics.
19． China (win) lots of high praises since we turned the sand into forests.
20．You won't realize your dream you put your heart into your study.
二、第二部分，阅读，第一节 （共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读理解
Anyone who has seen The Sound of Music, the Oscar-winning movie, knows the famous city of Salzburg in Austria. The musical movie was filmed in and around the city. To enjoy the amazing(令人惊叹的) city, you only have to walk through the alleys(小巷).
The sounds of music in Salzburg are not just from the famous film. Mozart, one of the greatest musicians, was born here, and the city is proud of him. You'll hear Mozart's music all over the city. And you can visit Mozart's birthplace, learn about his childhood and even try the chocolate named for him: a Mozart ball! Don't miss visiting the Salzburg Residenz, which was the rulers' palace in the past. It was here that Mozart performed(表演) for the first time in his life.
A visit to Salzburg in December must include time in the Christmas markets, which can be found here and there. Visit the marketplaces for a hot drink. Then enjoy the beautiful handiwork for sale.
Salt was so important to the city of Salzburg that the city was named for it. This "white gold" brought wealth to the rulers. You can visit the Hallein Salt Mine(矿), one of the oldest in the world. Take a train ride into the mountain, where miners will explain the mining process(过程). Then enjoy a boat ride across an underground lake.
These are just a few of the enjoyable places in this small Austrian city. There are much more waiting for you to explore. Make sure to plan a trip to this breathtaking city. Its history and culture will excite your senses.
21．What do we know about The Sound of Music
A．It was filmed by Mozart.
B．It is an Oscar-winning movie.
C．It is a movie of Salzburg's chocolate.
22．Where did Mozart perform for the first time in his life
A．In a Christmas market.
B．At the Hallein Salt Mine.
C．At the Salzburg Residenz.
23．What is the "white gold' in Paragraph 4
A．Salt. B．Music. C．A hot drink.
24．Which of the following does the writer agree with
A．Salzburg is too small to visit.
B．Salzburg is a place worth visiting.
C．There is nothing interesting in Salzburg.
25．What section(部分) of a magazine is the text taken from
A．Travel. B．Sports. C．Science.
阅读理解
Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects(昆虫), you'll discover many unbelievable things. Consider butterflies, for example. They have beautiful, colorful wings, and strong, fantastic flying skills. On summer days, you always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields.
But, did you know how butterflies become the flying insects It's one of the amazing wonders of nature. In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colorful egg on a leaf or stem(茎) of a plant.
It's hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life has begun. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see. But it is still not a butterfly.
Soon, after growing big, the caterpillar makes a cover for itself. It covers itself in the nice protective blanket(保护层) and goes to sleep. This stage(阶段) is known as the "pupa(蛹)" stage.
After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings. Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and the beautiful, colorful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away.
After a few weeks, this adult butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle begins all over again.
This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn many truly amazing things.
26．What is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1
A．Butterflies are a kind of insect.
B．Butterflies have colorful wings and are good at flying.
C．Butterflies have a good sense of smell.
27．What does the underlined word "caterpillar" in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese
A．幼虫 B．飞蛾 C．蝴蝶
28．What is the right order of the development process(发育过程) of a butterfly
①It becomes a pupa.②It becomes a walking insect.
③Female butterflies lay an egg. ④It spreads wings and flies away.
A．②→①→③→④ B．③→②→①→④ C．③→②→④→①
29．Which of the following best describes a butterfly after the blanket breaks
A．It has legs, eyes and a large body.
B．It has legs, eyes, a mouth and a large body.
C．It has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings.
30．What can be the best title for the text
A．One Insect, Four Lives
B．The kinds of Butterflies
C．The Habits of Butterflies
三、第二部分，阅读，第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文的内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全短文。
Have you seen "dopamine dressing(多巴胺穿搭)" on your social media 31． .
What is dopamine dressing
32． . Through brightness of colors, the dressing creates happy feelings in people.
The science behind color
Science showed long ago that different colors can affect(影响) people. They could make us feel warmer or cooler and also affect our feelings. For example, bright colors can make people feel happy. 33． .
Getting a place in fashion world
Learning how colors work, fashion brands(品牌) have also used colors in different ways. For example, Versace(范思哲), an Italian brand, added the idea of dopamine dressing to their clothes in 2021. 34． .
Turning into daily style
Now, many people take this style to fight back bad feelings and show themselves. "I've seen people who are very shy put on colorful clothes and become free," Karen said. " 35． ."
A. The colors like black, white and grey may make people upset B. First created by Dawnn Karen in 2020, dopamine dressing is dressing for joy C. It said this could bring fun and positive energy to the world through fashion D. Their whole mood(心情) changes when they wear clothes that show who they really are E. It's one of the most popular fashion ideas for 2023
四、第三部分，语言运用，第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2023八下·长沙期末） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Once there was a teenage boy who was known as a fast runner in his village. The boy only 36． winning every race and becoming more successful.
One day， the boy took part in a running race in his village. He won the 200， 100 and 50-meter races 37． any problem. He was proud of himself and received great applause （掌声）.
But his grandfather walked towards him and asked him to 38． two unexpected competitors， an old man and a blind girl. The boy thought it was 39． but accepted.
In the race， the boy finished first， 40． the old man and the blind girl were still at the starting line. With 41． ， he waved （挥） his hands at the crowd （人群）. But they only sat there silently.
"Why are people not cheering for me like before？" he asked his grandfather.
"Start the race again with them. But this time， all of you should cross the finish line at the same time，" the grandfather replied.
The boy was surprised but agreed to take the 42． race.
As soon as the race started， the boy carefully took the hands of the old man and the blind girl and walked 43． with them to the finish line. The crowd gave them a standing applause.
The boy asked his grandfather in surprise， "For whom are the people cheering？ Is it for me， or 44． ？"
The grandfather smiled and said， "The crowd did not cheer for any one of you. They cheered for how you all ran the race together."
Facing the race of life， what matters is not just winning， 45． how you run the race.
36．A． talked about B． cared about C． learned about
37．A． with B． in C． without
38．A． challenge B． change C． cheat
39．A． perfect B． usual C． unbelievable
40．A． before B． while C． since
41．A． joy B． stress C． interest
42．A． first B． second C． third
43．A． slowly B．quickly C． angrily
44．A． him B． her C． them
45．A． and B． but C． or
五、第三部分，语言运用，第二节，语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
语法填空
During August this year, Chongqing City was hit by hot weather, and mountain fires broke out in parts of it. Chongqing, also known 46． a "mountain city", has a steep terrain(陡峭的地形) that makes it difficult to transport supplies(补给) up the mountain. 47． (luck), many local riders rode motorcycles to join in, and others were professional riders who came specially for the work.
One of them, 48． young man named Long Jie in his early 20s, became famous as "the rider in fire". Long is a takeaway rider(外卖骑手) who enjoys riding motorcycle in 49． (he) spare time. He is a highly skilled member of a local motorcycle team. On August 22, when he 50． (learn) that hundreds of fire fighters in the mountain forest had not gotten food, he immediately took food and ice water on his back and drove his motorcycle 51． (send) the supplies. In an online video, Long was so tired and 52． (sleep) that he was seen pouring water down over his head to stay awake.
The fight against nature was finally won. 53． , his motorcycle numbered "No. 26" in the team was damaged(损坏) in the firefighting action. The leader of the motorcycle team said they had received several museum 54． (invitation) to collect "No. 26", and that they were also considering 55． (sell) the motorcycle at auction(拍卖) and donating the money to those in need.
六、第三部分，语言运用，第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
China launched(发射) the Shenzhou XⅥ manned spaceship on May 30th. The journey is the first flight of China's third generation(一代) of astronauts, and the first time a common person has traveled to space.
Zhu Yangzhu is one of the spaceflight engineers for the Shenzhou XVI mission.自他是小男孩时就喜欢飞行。 56．
When he was a middle school student, Zhu often did physical exercises about flying. Because of his high grades, Zhu could entered the National University of Defense(国防) Technology in Changsha in the summer of 2005. He spent several hours doing research on engineering every day after entering the university. 57． He remained there for the following years. At the end of 2015, Zhu graduated from the university with a doctor degree and took his first engineering post(工程职位).
In the summer of 2018, Zhu heard that China would choose the third-generation astronauts. He decided to try out for it. He wondered whether he could achieve his dream. 58． In September 2020, Zhu finally became one of the country's third group of 18 astronauts, including six other flight engineers.
However, the astronaut training tasks(任务) were a real challenge for him. For example, astronauts had to stay up for three days and three nights in a closed room, and they had to do many tests on a computer.但是，他完成训练任务没有问题。 59． At the same time, he could play a role in relaxing others and helping them to stay clear-headed by singing and telling jokes.
Thanks to his hard work, Zhu progressed rapidly in every training course. 60． Zhu said he felt honored to become a member to fly in space.
七、第四部分，书面表达（满分10分）
61．巍巍麓山，浩浩湘水，璀璨星城长沙吸引着全世界越来越多人的目光。为此，长沙文旅局向中学生开展了 "了解家乡之事，厚植家乡情，用世界语言描述长沙" 的征文比赛！请你根据以下提示，以 "Charming(有魅力的) Changsha" 为题，描述长沙印象，内容包含以下要点：
Charming Changsha
Location and climate(气候) Northeast of Hunan province; cold in winter, hot in summer, warm in spring and cool in autumn
History Over 3,000 years
Population About 10 million
A must-see place Orange Isle(橘子洲头): full of trees and flowers, eco-friendly(生态好); breathtakingly(惊人地) beautiful, very relaxed
Local food ...
要求：(1) 80词左右；(2) 包含以上所有要点并适当拓展；(3) 文中不得出现真实人名和校名。
以下词汇可供参考：
capital city 首都；省会城市 Stinky tofu 臭豆腐 smelly臭的
spicy crayfish 香辣小龙虾 rice noodles 米粉
milk tea in Chayan Yuese 茶颜
Charming Changsha
答案解析部分
1．【答案】to help
【知识点】固定搭配；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：在暑假，每个人都应该主动帮助我们的父母做一些家务。help帮助，动词；offer to do sth.主动提出做某事，固定短语，此处需要动词不定式做宾语，故填to help。
【点评】考查固定搭配和动词不定式。注意固定搭配offer to do sth.的用法。
2．【答案】with
【知识点】其他介词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：我们应该感谢我们的父母。他们总是努力为我们提供一个干净舒适的家庭环境。provide sb. with sth.为某人提供某物，固定短语，故填with。
【点评】考查固定搭配和其他介词。注意固定搭配provide sb. with sth.的用法。
3．【答案】herself
【知识点】反身代词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：她四岁时就能自己读书了。she她，代词主格；herself她自己，反身代词，by oneself独自，靠某人自己，固定搭配，此处需要反身代词，故填herself。
【点评】考查固定搭配和反身代词。注意固定搭配 by oneself的用法。
4．【答案】though / although
【知识点】让步状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意： 尽管交通拥挤，我们还是准时到达了火车站。根据前后句句意可知，后句表示让步关系，用though/although引导让步状语从句，故填 though / although 。
【点评】考查让步状语从句。注意 though / although 引导让步状语从句的用法。
5．【答案】was waiting
【知识点】主谓一致；过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：当我在等公共汽车时，天空下起了倾盆大雨。wait for等待，固定短语，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，且表示从句动作在过去发生时，主句动作正在发生，所以主句用过去进行时，用was/were doing形式，此处主语是第一人称单数，系动词用was，故填was waiting。
【点评】考查过去进行时和主谓一致。注意根据语境选择正确的时态。
6．【答案】incomplete
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意：无劳动教育的学校教育是不完整的。complete完整的，形容词，incomplete不完整的，形容词，根据空前系动词可知，此处需要形容词作表语，根据 School education without labour education 可知，此处指不完整，故填incomplete。
【点评】考查形容词原级。注意形容词用作表语的用法。
7．【答案】to read
【知识点】固定搭配；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：他以前不喜欢读书，现在却爱上了读书。read阅读，动词，根据空后but now可知，前面指的是过去常常做某事，didn't use to do sth.过去常常不做某事，此处需要动词不定式，故填to read。
【点评】考查固定搭配和动词不定式。注意固定搭配didn't use to do sth.。
8．【答案】it
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：我上课很困，很难集中注意力听老师讲课。find it+adj+to do sth发现做某事怎么样，固定搭配，此处it是形式宾语，后面的动词不定式是真正宾语，故填it。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意固定搭配 find it+adj+to do sth。
9．【答案】provinces
【知识点】可数名词；规则变化的可数名词复数；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：湖南是中国最神奇的省份之一。province省，可数名词，one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，最……之一，固定搭配，此处需要可数名词复数，故填provinces。
【点评】考查固定搭配和可数名词复数。注意固定搭配one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数的用法。
10．【答案】off
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：不要把今天能做的事推迟到明天。根据空后 until tomorrow what you can do today 可知，此处指推迟，put off，固定搭配，故填off。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意固定搭配put off的用法。
11．【答案】most important
【知识点】最...之一；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：一起做家务是一个幸福家庭最重要的事情之一。important重要的，形容词，one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，最……之一，固定搭配，此处需要形容词最高级，important最高级是most important，故填most important。
【点评】考查固定搭配和形容词最高级。注意固定搭配one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数。
12．【答案】especially
【知识点】其他副词
【解析】【分析】句意：布鞋在明朝开始流行，特别是在四川。especial特别的，形容词；especially特别是，副词，根据语境可知，此处需要副词especially表示强调，故填especially。
【点评】考查副词。注意especially表示强调的作用。
13．【答案】as
【知识点】其他介词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：22岁的中国科学家曹原被《自然》杂志评为2018年十大人物之一。be regarded as被视为，被认为是，固定短语，故填as。
【点评】考查固定搭配和其他介词。注意固定搭配 be regarded as的用法。
14．【答案】has experienced
【知识点】过去开始发生的动作一直持续到现在；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：在过去的70年来，中国经历了历史性变革，取得了巨大成就。experience经历，动词，根据 In the past 70 years 可知，此处与现在完成时连用，用have/has done形式，此处主语是专有名词，助动词用has，故填has experienced。
【点评】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。注意 In the past 70 years与现在完成时连用的用法。
15．【答案】whether
【知识点】让步状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：朱迪是一个外向的女孩。她什么都表现在脸上，不管她是高兴还是不高兴。根据空后or not和前后句句意可知，此处应该是whether引导的让步状语从句，故填whether。
【点评】考查让步状语从句。注意whether引导让步状语从句的用法。
16．【答案】to read
【知识点】固定搭配；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：我们老师鼓励我们每天多读一些书来丰富我们的知识。read，阅读，动词；encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事，固定短语，此处需要动词不定式做宾补，故填to read。
【点评】考查固定搭配和动词不定式。注意固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.的用法。
17．【答案】safety
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：年幼的孩子经常被教导道路安全来避免交通事故。safe安全的，形容词；safety安全，不可数名词，根据空前动词可知，此处需要名词作宾语，故填safety。
【点评】考查不可数名词。注意名词用作宾语的用法。
18．【答案】the
【知识点】不定代词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们还有两节课。一节是物理，另一节是政治。根据 We have two more classes. 可知，此处指另外一节，两者中之一用the other，表示特定范围的另一，故填the。
【点评】考查不定代词。注意不定代词the other的用法。
19．【答案】has won
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：自从我们把沙子变成森林以来，中国赢得了很多高度赞扬。win赢得，动词，根据 since we turned the sand into forests可知是since+时间点的结构，应用现在完成时，结构是have/has+done，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has，故填has won 。
【点评】考查谓语动词时态。积累现在完成时的标志词，能够准确判断时态。
20．【答案】until
【知识点】时间状语从句；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：你只有把你的心放在你的学习上，才会实现你的梦想。根据前后句句意可知，此处是not…until…，只有……才……，所以此处是until引导的时间状语从句，故填until。
【点评】考查固定搭配和时间状语从句。注意固定搭配not…until…的用法。
【答案】21．B
22．C
23．A
24．B
25．A
【知识点】旅游观光类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了奥地利著名的城市萨尔茨堡的基本情况。
【点评】 考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，推理判断题，词句猜测题。细节题可以从文中找到依据，推理判断题需要根据前后文语境推断，词句猜测题需要根据上下句推断选项意思。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第一段Anyone who has seen The Sound of Music, the Oscar-winning movie, knows the famous city of Salzburg in Austria. 看过奥斯卡获奖影片《音乐之声》的人都知道奥地利著名的城市萨尔茨堡。可知，我们知道《音乐之声》是一部奥斯卡获奖影片，故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据文章第二段Don't miss visiting the Salzburg Residenz, which was the rulers' palace in the past. It was here that Mozart performed(表演) for the first time in his life.不要错过参观萨尔茨堡公馆，这是过去统治者的宫殿。莫扎特就是在这里进行了他人生中的第一次演出。可知，莫扎特一生中第一次演出是在萨尔茨堡公馆，故选C。
23．词句猜测题。根据前面 Salt was so important to the city of Salzburg that the city was named for it. 盐对萨尔茨堡非常重要，因此这座城市以盐命名。可知，此处"白金"指的是盐，故选A。
24．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 These are just a few of the enjoyable places in this small Austrian city. There are much more waiting for you to explore. Make sure to plan a trip to this breathtaking city. Its history and culture will excite your senses.这些只是这个奥地利小城市中一些令人愉快的地方。还有更多的地方等着你去探索。一定要计划一次去这座令人惊叹的城市的旅行。它的历史和文化会激发你的感官。可推知，作者认为萨尔茨堡是一个值得参观的地方。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了奥地利著名的城市萨尔茨堡的基本情况。所以本文应该来自杂志的旅游部分，故选A。
【答案】26．C
27．A
28．B
29．A
30．A
【知识点】科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要以蝴蝶的四次不同生命过程为例介绍了大自然的奇迹。
【点评】 考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词句猜测题和主旨题。细节题可以从文中找到依据，词句猜测题需要根据上下句推断选项意思，主旨题要求通读全文，理解文章大意。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第一段Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects(昆虫), you'll discover many unbelievable things. Consider butterflies, for example. They have beautiful, colorful wings, and strong, fantastic flying skills. 大自然太神奇了！仔细观察昆虫的世界，你会发现许多令人难以置信的事情。以蝴蝶为例。它们有美丽多彩的翅膀，以及强大而神奇的飞行技能。可知，第一段并没有提到蝴蝶的嗅觉很灵敏。故选C。
27．词句猜测题。根据前面 It's hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. 很难相信这颗蛋会在几天内变成完全不同的东西。它变成了会走路的昆虫。可知，此处caterpillar指的是蝴蝶的幼虫，故选 A。
28．细节理解题。根据文章. In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colorful egg on a leaf or stem(茎) of a plant.… It becomes a walking insect.… This stage(阶段) is known as the "pupa(蛹)" stage. … Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and the beautiful, colorful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away.一开始，雌性蝴蝶会在植物的叶子或茎上产下一个小而彩色的蛋。……它变成了会走路的昆虫。这个阶段被称为"蛹蛹"阶段。……不一会儿，翅膀充满了血，这只美丽多彩的蝴蝶展开翅膀，飞走了。可知，蝴蝶的发育过程是如B项所述的顺序，故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容It's hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body.很难相信这颗蛋会在几天内变成完全不同的东西。它变成了会走路的昆虫。这种昆虫叫毛毛虫。它现在有了腿、眼睛和一个巨大的身体。可知，厚层破掉后，有腿，眼睛和一个巨大的身体。故选A。
30．主旨大意题。根据本文内容可知，本文主要以蝴蝶的四次不同生命过程为例介绍了大自然的奇迹。所以本文的标题可以是：一只昆虫，四次生命，故选A。
【答案】31．E；32．B；33．A；34．C；35．D
【知识点】任务型阅读；社会现象类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了多巴胺穿搭的基本情况。
选项分析：A. The colors like black, white and grey may make people upset像黑色、白色和灰色这样的颜色可能会让人心烦意乱
B. First created by Dawnn Karen in 2020, dopamine dressing is dressing for joy多巴胺穿衣是由dawn Karen于2020年首创的，它是一种快乐的穿衣方式
C. It said this could bring fun and positive energy to the world through fashion该公司表示，这可以通过时尚为世界带来乐趣和正能量。
D. Their whole mood(心情) changes when they wear clothes that show who they really are当他们穿上能展现真实自我的衣服时，他们的整个情绪都会发生变化。
E. It's one of the most popular fashion ideas for 2023这是2023年最流行的时尚创意之一。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。首先跳过空格通读全文，理解文章大意，然后分析选项，根据语境选择正确的选项，注意上下文语境的连贯性。
31．根据前面 Have you seen "dopamine dressing(多巴胺穿搭)" on your social media 你在社交媒体上看到"多巴胺穿搭 "了吗 可知，此处应该介绍"多巴胺穿搭"很流行，E项符合语境，故选E。
32．根据本段的问句 What is dopamine dressing 多巴胺穿搭是什么？可知，此处应该介绍的"多巴胺穿搭相关的信息，B项符合语境，故选B。
33．根据本段开头 Science showed long ago that different colors can affect(影响) people. 科学很久以前就表明，不同的颜色会影响人。再根据空前所举的例子For example, bright colors can make people feel happy.例如，鲜艳的颜色可以使人感到快乐，可知，此处应该接着介绍相反的情况，A项符合语境，故选A。
34．根据前面的例子For example, Versace(范思哲), an Italian brand, added the idea of dopamine dressing to their clothes in 2021.例如，意大利品牌范思哲(Versace)在2021年将多巴胺穿衣的想法加入了他们的服装中。可知，此处应该介绍这个想法的结果，C项符合语境，故选C。
35．根据前面 Karen 所说I've seen people who are very shy put on colorful clothes and become free,我见过那些非常害羞的人穿上五颜六色的衣服，变得自由自在，可知，此处应该介绍这些人的情况，D项符合语境，故选D。
【答案】36．B；37．C；38．A；39．C；40．B；41．A；42．B；43．A；44．C；45．B
【知识点】人生百味类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了一个好胜心抢的男孩在祖父为其安排的一场特殊比赛中懂得了合作共赢更重要的道理。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
36．句意：这个男孩只关心赢得每一场比赛，变得更成功。A.talked about谈论；B.cared about关心；C.learn about学习关于。根据becoming more successful.可知，这个男孩只关心输赢，故选B。
37．句意：他毫无问题地赢得了200米、100米和50米的比赛。A.with带有；B.in在……里面；C.without没有。根据He was proud of himself and received great applause可知，他毫无疑问赢得了比赛，故选C。
38．句意：但是他的祖父走向他，让他挑战两个意想不到的对手，一个老人和一个盲女。A.challenge挑战；B.change改变；C.cheat欺骗。根据two unexpected competitors可知，是挑战对手，故选A。
39．句意：男孩觉得难以置信，但还是接受了。A.perfect完美的；B.usual寻常的；C.unbelievable难以置信的。根据an old man and a blind girl和but accepted可知，在得知竞争对手是一个老人和一个盲女时，小男孩觉得难以置信，故选C。
40．句意：在赛跑中，男孩跑在第一位，而老人和盲女孩还在起跑线上。A.before在……之前；B.while然而；C.since自从。上文提到"男孩跑在第一位"，下文提到"老人和盲女孩还在起跑线上"，上下文之间是转折关系，故选B。
41．句意：他高兴地向人群挥手。A.joy快乐；B.stress压力；C.interest兴趣。根据he waved(挥) his hands at the crowd(人群). 可知，小男孩很高兴，故选A。
42．句意：男孩很惊讶，但还是同意参加第二场比赛。A.first第一；B.second第二；C.third第三。根据 Start the race again with them.可知，此处指第二场比赛，故选B。
43．句意：比赛一开始，男孩就小心翼翼地牵着老人和盲女的手，慢慢地走到终点线。A.slowly慢慢地；B.quickly迅速地；C.angrily生气地。根据the boy carefully took the hands of the old man and the blind girl可知，他们慢慢地走向终点，故选A。
44．句意：是为了我还是为了他们？A.him他；B.her她；C.them他们。此处指代the old man and the blind girl应用them，故选C。
45．句意：面对人生的赛跑，重要的不是输赢，而是如何跑。A.and和；B.but但是；C.or或者。固定搭配not...but...，表示"不是……而是……"，故选B。
【答案】46．as；47．Luckily；48．a；49．his；50．learned / learnt；51．to send；52．sleepy；53．However；54．invitations；55．selling
【知识点】语法填空；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了今年八月重庆爆发山火期间，很多外卖骑手利用空闲时间免费为消防员送食物和冰水的故事，本文主要介绍了外卖骑手龙杰的所作所为。
【点评】考查语法填空。首先跳过空格通读全文，理解文章大意，然后根据语境和所给单词选择正确的词形和词性，注意固定搭配，语法和句型结构等因素。
46．句意：重庆，也被称为"山城"，有一个陡峭的地形，这使得运送物资上山很困难。be known as被称为，固定短语，根据空格前后内容可知，此处指重庆，也被称为"山城"，故填 as 。
47．句意：许多当地骑手骑着摩托车参加，还有一些是专门来参加这项工作的专业骑手。luck运气，不可数名词；根据句子结构可知，此处需要副词修饰整个句子，根据空后内容可知，此处指幸运地，luckily，副词，故填 Luckily 。
48．句意：其中一名20出头的年轻人名叫龙杰，他以"烈火骑士"而闻名。空后是名词单数，根据语境可知，此处表示泛指，young以辅音音素开头，此处需要不定冠词a，故填 a 。
49．句意：龙是一名外卖骑手，业余时间喜欢骑摩托车。in one' s spare time在某人的空闲时间，固定短语，he他，代词主格；his他的，形容词性物主代词，故填 his 。
50．句意：8月22日，当他得知山区森林里的数百名消防员没有得到食物时，他立即背上了食物和冰水，骑着摩托车送去了物资。learn得知，动词，根据 On August 22 可知，此处描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，learn过去式是learned / learnt ，故填 learned / learnt 。
51．句意： 8月22日，当他得知山区森林里的数百名消防员没有得到食物时，他立即背上了食物和冰水，骑着摩托车送去了物资。 根据句意和句子结构可知，此处是动词不定式作目的状语，send送，动词，故填 to send 。
52．句意：在一段网络视频中，龙是如此累和困，以至于为了保持清醒，他往头上泼水。and连接并列成分，前后形式应该一致，根据and前面的形容词tired可知，此处需要形容词作表语，sleep睡觉，动词，sleepy困倦的，形容词；asleep睡着的，形容词，此处是so…that…句型，根据 that he was seen pouring water down over his head to stay awake. 可知，此处指困倦，故填 sleepy 。
53．句意：与自然的斗争终于取得了胜利。然而，他在队中编号为"26号"的摩托车在灭火行动中被损坏。根据前后句句意可知，前后句表示转折关系，空后有逗号，此处应该用副词however，然而，故填 However 。
54．句意：摩托车队的领队说，他们已经收到了几家博物馆的邀请，要收藏"26号"。invitation邀请，可数名词，根据空前several可知，此处用名词复数，故填 invitations 。
55．句意：他们还在考虑拍卖这辆摩托车，然后把钱捐给需要帮助的人。sell卖，动词，consider doing sth考虑做某事，固定短语，此处需要动名词作动词宾语，故填 selling 。
【答案】56．He has loved flying since he was a little boy.；57．进入大学后，他每天花几个小时研究工程学。；58．他想知道自己能否实现他（自己）的梦想。；59．However, he had no problem completing / finishing the training tasks.；60．由于他努力学习，朱在每次训练课中都进步很快。
【知识点】任务型阅读；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了航天工程师朱阳柱的基本情况。
【点评】考查语篇翻译。根据汉语或英语意思翻译出相应的内容。
56．自从since，引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，他he，代词主格做主语，小男孩a little boy，系动词用was，喜欢飞行love flying，固定短语，助动词用has，故填 He has loved flying since he was a little boy.
57．he他，代词主格；sb. spent some time doing sth.某人花费时间做某事，固定句型，several hours几个小时，do research on…研究……，engineering工程学，不可数名词，every day每天，after在……之后，enter the university进入大学，故填 进入大学后，他每天花几个小时研究工程学。
58．he他，代词主格；wonder想知道，动词，后跟宾语从句，whether能否，是否，连接宾语从句，could能够，情态动词，achieve his dream实现他（自己）的梦想，故填 他想知道自己能否实现他（自己）的梦想。
59．但是however，副词，表示转折关系，他he，代词主格；做某事没有问题have no problem doing sth，固定短语，根据语境可知，此处描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，have过去式是had，完成训练任务complete / finish the training tasks，故填However, he had no problem completing / finishing the training tasks.
60．thanks to由于，固定短语，his hard work他的努力学习，progress进步，动词，rapidly快速地，副词，此处修饰动词，in every training course在每次训练课中，故填 由于他努力学习，朱在每次训练课中都进步很快。
61．【答案】 Charming Changsha
Changsha, the capital city of Hunan province, is located in the northeast of the province. With a history of over 3,000 years, it has a population of about 10 million. Changsha has a continental monsoon climate, with cold winters, hot summers, warm springs, and cool autumns.
One of the must-see places in Changsha is Orange Isle, which is full of trees and flowers, eco-friendly, and breathtakingly beautiful. It's a great place to relax.
When it comes to local food, Changsha is famous for its spicy crayfish and stinky tofu. Another popular dish is rice noodles. If you want to try some delicious milk tea, you can visit Chayan Yuese, where they serve tea in a unique way.
Changsha is indeed a charming city, with its beautiful sceneries, friendly locals, and delicious food. It's attracting more and more attention from people all over the world.
【知识点】命题作文；提纲作文
【解析】【分析】考查命题作文和提纲作文。要求根据以下提示，以 "Charming(有魅力的) Changsha" 为题，描述长沙印象，要求包括提示中的所有内容，并可适当增加内容，合理使用连接词，使得语句通顺，语意连贯，注意上下文的连接要符合逻辑关系，符合英语表达习惯，本文主要使用第三人称单数，一般现在时。
【点评】考查命题作文和提纲作文。注意单词拼写的正确性，语法使用的准确性，时态运用的灵活性，本文可能用到的短语：be famous for以……而闻名，not only…but also…不但……而且……，enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事，be full of充满，be surprised at对……感到吃惊，等等。
1 / 1湖南省长沙市长沙县湘珺未来学校2023-2024学年九年级上学期入学考试英语试题
一、第一部分，基础检测，（用括号内的词的正确形式填空或在空白处填入1个适当的单词。）（共20小题；每小题1份，满分 20分）
1． In summer vacation, everyone is supposed to offer (help) our parents do some chores.
【答案】to help
【知识点】固定搭配；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：在暑假，每个人都应该主动帮助我们的父母做一些家务。help帮助，动词；offer to do sth.主动提出做某事，固定短语，此处需要动词不定式做宾语，故填to help。
【点评】考查固定搭配和动词不定式。注意固定搭配offer to do sth.的用法。
2． We should be thankful to our parents. They always try to provide us a clean and comfortable environment at home.
【答案】with
【知识点】其他介词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：我们应该感谢我们的父母。他们总是努力为我们提供一个干净舒适的家庭环境。provide sb. with sth.为某人提供某物，固定短语，故填with。
【点评】考查固定搭配和其他介词。注意固定搭配provide sb. with sth.的用法。
3． She could read by (she) at the age of four.
【答案】herself
【知识点】反身代词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：她四岁时就能自己读书了。she她，代词主格；herself她自己，反身代词，by oneself独自，靠某人自己，固定搭配，此处需要反身代词，故填herself。
【点评】考查固定搭配和反身代词。注意固定搭配 by oneself的用法。
4． We got to the railway station on time, the traffic was heavy.
【答案】though / although
【知识点】让步状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意： 尽管交通拥挤，我们还是准时到达了火车站。根据前后句句意可知，后句表示让步关系，用though/although引导让步状语从句，故填 though / although 。
【点评】考查让步状语从句。注意 though / although 引导让步状语从句的用法。
5． I (wait) for the bus when it began to rain cats and dogs.
【答案】was waiting
【知识点】主谓一致；过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：当我在等公共汽车时，天空下起了倾盆大雨。wait for等待，固定短语，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，且表示从句动作在过去发生时，主句动作正在发生，所以主句用过去进行时，用was/were doing形式，此处主语是第一人称单数，系动词用was，故填was waiting。
【点评】考查过去进行时和主谓一致。注意根据语境选择正确的时态。
6． School education without labour education is (complete).
【答案】incomplete
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意：无劳动教育的学校教育是不完整的。complete完整的，形容词，incomplete不完整的，形容词，根据空前系动词可知，此处需要形容词作表语，根据 School education without labour education 可知，此处指不完整，故填incomplete。
【点评】考查形容词原级。注意形容词用作表语的用法。
7．He didn't use (read), but now he falls in love with reading.
【答案】to read
【知识点】固定搭配；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：他以前不喜欢读书，现在却爱上了读书。read阅读，动词，根据空后but now可知，前面指的是过去常常做某事，didn't use to do sth.过去常常不做某事，此处需要动词不定式，故填to read。
【点评】考查固定搭配和动词不定式。注意固定搭配didn't use to do sth.。
8． I was so sleepy in class that I found difficult to pay attention to what the teacher said.
【答案】it
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：我上课很困，很难集中注意力听老师讲课。find it+adj+to do sth发现做某事怎么样，固定搭配，此处it是形式宾语，后面的动词不定式是真正宾语，故填it。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意固定搭配 find it+adj+to do sth。
9． Hunan is one of the most amazing (province) in China.
【答案】provinces
【知识点】可数名词；规则变化的可数名词复数；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：湖南是中国最神奇的省份之一。province省，可数名词，one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，最……之一，固定搭配，此处需要可数名词复数，故填provinces。
【点评】考查固定搭配和可数名词复数。注意固定搭配one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数的用法。
10． Never put until tomorrow what you can do today.
【答案】off
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：不要把今天能做的事推迟到明天。根据空后 until tomorrow what you can do today 可知，此处指推迟，put off，固定搭配，故填off。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意固定搭配put off的用法。
11． Doing housework together is one of the (important) things for a happy family.
【答案】most important
【知识点】最...之一；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：一起做家务是一个幸福家庭最重要的事情之一。important重要的，形容词，one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，最……之一，固定搭配，此处需要形容词最高级，important最高级是most important，故填most important。
【点评】考查固定搭配和形容词最高级。注意固定搭配one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数。
12． Cloth shoes became popular during the Ming Dynasty, (especial) in Sichuan Province.
【答案】especially
【知识点】其他副词
【解析】【分析】句意：布鞋在明朝开始流行，特别是在四川。especial特别的，形容词；especially特别是，副词，根据语境可知，此处需要副词especially表示强调，故填especially。
【点评】考查副词。注意especially表示强调的作用。
13． Cao Yuan, a 22-year-old Chinese scientist, was regarded one of the top 10 people by Nature in 2018.
【答案】as
【知识点】其他介词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：22岁的中国科学家曹原被《自然》杂志评为2018年十大人物之一。be regarded as被视为，被认为是，固定短语，故填as。
【点评】考查固定搭配和其他介词。注意固定搭配 be regarded as的用法。
14． In the past 70 years, China (experience) historic changes and made great achievements.
【答案】has experienced
【知识点】过去开始发生的动作一直持续到现在；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：在过去的70年来，中国经历了历史性变革，取得了巨大成就。experience经历，动词，根据 In the past 70 years 可知，此处与现在完成时连用，用have/has done形式，此处主语是专有名词，助动词用has，故填has experienced。
【点评】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。注意 In the past 70 years与现在完成时连用的用法。
15． Judy is an outgoing girl. She shows everything on her face, she is happy or not.
【答案】whether
【知识点】让步状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：朱迪是一个外向的女孩。她什么都表现在脸上，不管她是高兴还是不高兴。根据空后or not和前后句句意可知，此处应该是whether引导的让步状语从句，故填whether。
【点评】考查让步状语从句。注意whether引导让步状语从句的用法。
16． Our teacher encourages us (read) more books every day to enrich our knowledge.
【答案】to read
【知识点】固定搭配；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：我们老师鼓励我们每天多读一些书来丰富我们的知识。read，阅读，动词；encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事，固定短语，此处需要动词不定式做宾补，故填to read。
【点评】考查固定搭配和动词不定式。注意固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.的用法。
17． Young children are often taught road (safe) to avoid road accidents.
【答案】safety
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：年幼的孩子经常被教导道路安全来避免交通事故。safe安全的，形容词；safety安全，不可数名词，根据空前动词可知，此处需要名词作宾语，故填safety。
【点评】考查不可数名词。注意名词用作宾语的用法。
18． We have two more classes. One is physics, and other is politics.
【答案】the
【知识点】不定代词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们还有两节课。一节是物理，另一节是政治。根据 We have two more classes. 可知，此处指另外一节，两者中之一用the other，表示特定范围的另一，故填the。
【点评】考查不定代词。注意不定代词the other的用法。
19． China (win) lots of high praises since we turned the sand into forests.
【答案】has won
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：自从我们把沙子变成森林以来，中国赢得了很多高度赞扬。win赢得，动词，根据 since we turned the sand into forests可知是since+时间点的结构，应用现在完成时，结构是have/has+done，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has，故填has won 。
【点评】考查谓语动词时态。积累现在完成时的标志词，能够准确判断时态。
20．You won't realize your dream you put your heart into your study.
【答案】until
【知识点】时间状语从句；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：你只有把你的心放在你的学习上，才会实现你的梦想。根据前后句句意可知，此处是not…until…，只有……才……，所以此处是until引导的时间状语从句，故填until。
【点评】考查固定搭配和时间状语从句。注意固定搭配not…until…的用法。
二、第二部分，阅读，第一节 （共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读理解
Anyone who has seen The Sound of Music, the Oscar-winning movie, knows the famous city of Salzburg in Austria. The musical movie was filmed in and around the city. To enjoy the amazing(令人惊叹的) city, you only have to walk through the alleys(小巷).
The sounds of music in Salzburg are not just from the famous film. Mozart, one of the greatest musicians, was born here, and the city is proud of him. You'll hear Mozart's music all over the city. And you can visit Mozart's birthplace, learn about his childhood and even try the chocolate named for him: a Mozart ball! Don't miss visiting the Salzburg Residenz, which was the rulers' palace in the past. It was here that Mozart performed(表演) for the first time in his life.
A visit to Salzburg in December must include time in the Christmas markets, which can be found here and there. Visit the marketplaces for a hot drink. Then enjoy the beautiful handiwork for sale.
Salt was so important to the city of Salzburg that the city was named for it. This "white gold" brought wealth to the rulers. You can visit the Hallein Salt Mine(矿), one of the oldest in the world. Take a train ride into the mountain, where miners will explain the mining process(过程). Then enjoy a boat ride across an underground lake.
These are just a few of the enjoyable places in this small Austrian city. There are much more waiting for you to explore. Make sure to plan a trip to this breathtaking city. Its history and culture will excite your senses.
21．What do we know about The Sound of Music
A．It was filmed by Mozart.
B．It is an Oscar-winning movie.
C．It is a movie of Salzburg's chocolate.
22．Where did Mozart perform for the first time in his life
A．In a Christmas market.
B．At the Hallein Salt Mine.
C．At the Salzburg Residenz.
23．What is the "white gold' in Paragraph 4
A．Salt. B．Music. C．A hot drink.
24．Which of the following does the writer agree with
A．Salzburg is too small to visit.
B．Salzburg is a place worth visiting.
C．There is nothing interesting in Salzburg.
25．What section(部分) of a magazine is the text taken from
A．Travel. B．Sports. C．Science.
【答案】21．B
22．C
23．A
24．B
25．A
【知识点】旅游观光类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了奥地利著名的城市萨尔茨堡的基本情况。
【点评】 考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，推理判断题，词句猜测题。细节题可以从文中找到依据，推理判断题需要根据前后文语境推断，词句猜测题需要根据上下句推断选项意思。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第一段Anyone who has seen The Sound of Music, the Oscar-winning movie, knows the famous city of Salzburg in Austria. 看过奥斯卡获奖影片《音乐之声》的人都知道奥地利著名的城市萨尔茨堡。可知，我们知道《音乐之声》是一部奥斯卡获奖影片，故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据文章第二段Don't miss visiting the Salzburg Residenz, which was the rulers' palace in the past. It was here that Mozart performed(表演) for the first time in his life.不要错过参观萨尔茨堡公馆，这是过去统治者的宫殿。莫扎特就是在这里进行了他人生中的第一次演出。可知，莫扎特一生中第一次演出是在萨尔茨堡公馆，故选C。
23．词句猜测题。根据前面 Salt was so important to the city of Salzburg that the city was named for it. 盐对萨尔茨堡非常重要，因此这座城市以盐命名。可知，此处"白金"指的是盐，故选A。
24．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 These are just a few of the enjoyable places in this small Austrian city. There are much more waiting for you to explore. Make sure to plan a trip to this breathtaking city. Its history and culture will excite your senses.这些只是这个奥地利小城市中一些令人愉快的地方。还有更多的地方等着你去探索。一定要计划一次去这座令人惊叹的城市的旅行。它的历史和文化会激发你的感官。可推知，作者认为萨尔茨堡是一个值得参观的地方。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了奥地利著名的城市萨尔茨堡的基本情况。所以本文应该来自杂志的旅游部分，故选A。
阅读理解
Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects(昆虫), you'll discover many unbelievable things. Consider butterflies, for example. They have beautiful, colorful wings, and strong, fantastic flying skills. On summer days, you always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields.
But, did you know how butterflies become the flying insects It's one of the amazing wonders of nature. In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colorful egg on a leaf or stem(茎) of a plant.
It's hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life has begun. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see. But it is still not a butterfly.
Soon, after growing big, the caterpillar makes a cover for itself. It covers itself in the nice protective blanket(保护层) and goes to sleep. This stage(阶段) is known as the "pupa(蛹)" stage.
After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings. Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and the beautiful, colorful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away.
After a few weeks, this adult butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle begins all over again.
This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn many truly amazing things.
26．What is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1
A．Butterflies are a kind of insect.
B．Butterflies have colorful wings and are good at flying.
C．Butterflies have a good sense of smell.
27．What does the underlined word "caterpillar" in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese
A．幼虫 B．飞蛾 C．蝴蝶
28．What is the right order of the development process(发育过程) of a butterfly
①It becomes a pupa.②It becomes a walking insect.
③Female butterflies lay an egg. ④It spreads wings and flies away.
A．②→①→③→④ B．③→②→①→④ C．③→②→④→①
29．Which of the following best describes a butterfly after the blanket breaks
A．It has legs, eyes and a large body.
B．It has legs, eyes, a mouth and a large body.
C．It has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings.
30．What can be the best title for the text
A．One Insect, Four Lives
B．The kinds of Butterflies
C．The Habits of Butterflies
【答案】26．C
27．A
28．B
29．A
30．A
【知识点】科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要以蝴蝶的四次不同生命过程为例介绍了大自然的奇迹。
【点评】 考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词句猜测题和主旨题。细节题可以从文中找到依据，词句猜测题需要根据上下句推断选项意思，主旨题要求通读全文，理解文章大意。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第一段Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects(昆虫), you'll discover many unbelievable things. Consider butterflies, for example. They have beautiful, colorful wings, and strong, fantastic flying skills. 大自然太神奇了！仔细观察昆虫的世界，你会发现许多令人难以置信的事情。以蝴蝶为例。它们有美丽多彩的翅膀，以及强大而神奇的飞行技能。可知，第一段并没有提到蝴蝶的嗅觉很灵敏。故选C。
27．词句猜测题。根据前面 It's hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. 很难相信这颗蛋会在几天内变成完全不同的东西。它变成了会走路的昆虫。可知，此处caterpillar指的是蝴蝶的幼虫，故选 A。
28．细节理解题。根据文章. In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colorful egg on a leaf or stem(茎) of a plant.… It becomes a walking insect.… This stage(阶段) is known as the "pupa(蛹)" stage. … Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and the beautiful, colorful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away.一开始，雌性蝴蝶会在植物的叶子或茎上产下一个小而彩色的蛋。……它变成了会走路的昆虫。这个阶段被称为"蛹蛹"阶段。……不一会儿，翅膀充满了血，这只美丽多彩的蝴蝶展开翅膀，飞走了。可知，蝴蝶的发育过程是如B项所述的顺序，故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容It's hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body.很难相信这颗蛋会在几天内变成完全不同的东西。它变成了会走路的昆虫。这种昆虫叫毛毛虫。它现在有了腿、眼睛和一个巨大的身体。可知，厚层破掉后，有腿，眼睛和一个巨大的身体。故选A。
30．主旨大意题。根据本文内容可知，本文主要以蝴蝶的四次不同生命过程为例介绍了大自然的奇迹。所以本文的标题可以是：一只昆虫，四次生命，故选A。
三、第二部分，阅读，第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文的内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全短文。
Have you seen "dopamine dressing(多巴胺穿搭)" on your social media 31． .
What is dopamine dressing
32． . Through brightness of colors, the dressing creates happy feelings in people.
The science behind color
Science showed long ago that different colors can affect(影响) people. They could make us feel warmer or cooler and also affect our feelings. For example, bright colors can make people feel happy. 33． .
Getting a place in fashion world
Learning how colors work, fashion brands(品牌) have also used colors in different ways. For example, Versace(范思哲), an Italian brand, added the idea of dopamine dressing to their clothes in 2021. 34． .
Turning into daily style
Now, many people take this style to fight back bad feelings and show themselves. "I've seen people who are very shy put on colorful clothes and become free," Karen said. " 35． ."
A. The colors like black, white and grey may make people upset B. First created by Dawnn Karen in 2020, dopamine dressing is dressing for joy C. It said this could bring fun and positive energy to the world through fashion D. Their whole mood(心情) changes when they wear clothes that show who they really are E. It's one of the most popular fashion ideas for 2023
【答案】31．E；32．B；33．A；34．C；35．D
【知识点】任务型阅读；社会现象类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了多巴胺穿搭的基本情况。
选项分析：A. The colors like black, white and grey may make people upset像黑色、白色和灰色这样的颜色可能会让人心烦意乱
B. First created by Dawnn Karen in 2020, dopamine dressing is dressing for joy多巴胺穿衣是由dawn Karen于2020年首创的，它是一种快乐的穿衣方式
C. It said this could bring fun and positive energy to the world through fashion该公司表示，这可以通过时尚为世界带来乐趣和正能量。
D. Their whole mood(心情) changes when they wear clothes that show who they really are当他们穿上能展现真实自我的衣服时，他们的整个情绪都会发生变化。
E. It's one of the most popular fashion ideas for 2023这是2023年最流行的时尚创意之一。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。首先跳过空格通读全文，理解文章大意，然后分析选项，根据语境选择正确的选项，注意上下文语境的连贯性。
31．根据前面 Have you seen "dopamine dressing(多巴胺穿搭)" on your social media 你在社交媒体上看到"多巴胺穿搭 "了吗 可知，此处应该介绍"多巴胺穿搭"很流行，E项符合语境，故选E。
32．根据本段的问句 What is dopamine dressing 多巴胺穿搭是什么？可知，此处应该介绍的"多巴胺穿搭相关的信息，B项符合语境，故选B。
33．根据本段开头 Science showed long ago that different colors can affect(影响) people. 科学很久以前就表明，不同的颜色会影响人。再根据空前所举的例子For example, bright colors can make people feel happy.例如，鲜艳的颜色可以使人感到快乐，可知，此处应该接着介绍相反的情况，A项符合语境，故选A。
34．根据前面的例子For example, Versace(范思哲), an Italian brand, added the idea of dopamine dressing to their clothes in 2021.例如，意大利品牌范思哲(Versace)在2021年将多巴胺穿衣的想法加入了他们的服装中。可知，此处应该介绍这个想法的结果，C项符合语境，故选C。
35．根据前面 Karen 所说I've seen people who are very shy put on colorful clothes and become free,我见过那些非常害羞的人穿上五颜六色的衣服，变得自由自在，可知，此处应该介绍这些人的情况，D项符合语境，故选D。
四、第三部分，语言运用，第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2023八下·长沙期末） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Once there was a teenage boy who was known as a fast runner in his village. The boy only 36． winning every race and becoming more successful.
One day， the boy took part in a running race in his village. He won the 200， 100 and 50-meter races 37． any problem. He was proud of himself and received great applause （掌声）.
But his grandfather walked towards him and asked him to 38． two unexpected competitors， an old man and a blind girl. The boy thought it was 39． but accepted.
In the race， the boy finished first， 40． the old man and the blind girl were still at the starting line. With 41． ， he waved （挥） his hands at the crowd （人群）. But they only sat there silently.
"Why are people not cheering for me like before？" he asked his grandfather.
"Start the race again with them. But this time， all of you should cross the finish line at the same time，" the grandfather replied.
The boy was surprised but agreed to take the 42． race.
As soon as the race started， the boy carefully took the hands of the old man and the blind girl and walked 43． with them to the finish line. The crowd gave them a standing applause.
The boy asked his grandfather in surprise， "For whom are the people cheering？ Is it for me， or 44． ？"
The grandfather smiled and said， "The crowd did not cheer for any one of you. They cheered for how you all ran the race together."
Facing the race of life， what matters is not just winning， 45． how you run the race.
36．A． talked about B． cared about C． learned about
37．A． with B． in C． without
38．A． challenge B． change C． cheat
39．A． perfect B． usual C． unbelievable
40．A． before B． while C． since
41．A． joy B． stress C． interest
42．A． first B． second C． third
43．A． slowly B．quickly C． angrily
44．A． him B． her C． them
45．A． and B． but C． or
【答案】36．B；37．C；38．A；39．C；40．B；41．A；42．B；43．A；44．C；45．B
【知识点】人生百味类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了一个好胜心抢的男孩在祖父为其安排的一场特殊比赛中懂得了合作共赢更重要的道理。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
36．句意：这个男孩只关心赢得每一场比赛，变得更成功。A.talked about谈论；B.cared about关心；C.learn about学习关于。根据becoming more successful.可知，这个男孩只关心输赢，故选B。
37．句意：他毫无问题地赢得了200米、100米和50米的比赛。A.with带有；B.in在……里面；C.without没有。根据He was proud of himself and received great applause可知，他毫无疑问赢得了比赛，故选C。
38．句意：但是他的祖父走向他，让他挑战两个意想不到的对手，一个老人和一个盲女。A.challenge挑战；B.change改变；C.cheat欺骗。根据two unexpected competitors可知，是挑战对手，故选A。
39．句意：男孩觉得难以置信，但还是接受了。A.perfect完美的；B.usual寻常的；C.unbelievable难以置信的。根据an old man and a blind girl和but accepted可知，在得知竞争对手是一个老人和一个盲女时，小男孩觉得难以置信，故选C。
40．句意：在赛跑中，男孩跑在第一位，而老人和盲女孩还在起跑线上。A.before在……之前；B.while然而；C.since自从。上文提到"男孩跑在第一位"，下文提到"老人和盲女孩还在起跑线上"，上下文之间是转折关系，故选B。
41．句意：他高兴地向人群挥手。A.joy快乐；B.stress压力；C.interest兴趣。根据he waved(挥) his hands at the crowd(人群). 可知，小男孩很高兴，故选A。
42．句意：男孩很惊讶，但还是同意参加第二场比赛。A.first第一；B.second第二；C.third第三。根据 Start the race again with them.可知，此处指第二场比赛，故选B。
43．句意：比赛一开始，男孩就小心翼翼地牵着老人和盲女的手，慢慢地走到终点线。A.slowly慢慢地；B.quickly迅速地；C.angrily生气地。根据the boy carefully took the hands of the old man and the blind girl可知，他们慢慢地走向终点，故选A。
44．句意：是为了我还是为了他们？A.him他；B.her她；C.them他们。此处指代the old man and the blind girl应用them，故选C。
45．句意：面对人生的赛跑，重要的不是输赢，而是如何跑。A.and和；B.but但是；C.or或者。固定搭配not...but...，表示"不是……而是……"，故选B。
五、第三部分，语言运用，第二节，语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
语法填空
During August this year, Chongqing City was hit by hot weather, and mountain fires broke out in parts of it. Chongqing, also known 46． a "mountain city", has a steep terrain(陡峭的地形) that makes it difficult to transport supplies(补给) up the mountain. 47． (luck), many local riders rode motorcycles to join in, and others were professional riders who came specially for the work.
One of them, 48． young man named Long Jie in his early 20s, became famous as "the rider in fire". Long is a takeaway rider(外卖骑手) who enjoys riding motorcycle in 49． (he) spare time. He is a highly skilled member of a local motorcycle team. On August 22, when he 50． (learn) that hundreds of fire fighters in the mountain forest had not gotten food, he immediately took food and ice water on his back and drove his motorcycle 51． (send) the supplies. In an online video, Long was so tired and 52． (sleep) that he was seen pouring water down over his head to stay awake.
The fight against nature was finally won. 53． , his motorcycle numbered "No. 26" in the team was damaged(损坏) in the firefighting action. The leader of the motorcycle team said they had received several museum 54． (invitation) to collect "No. 26", and that they were also considering 55． (sell) the motorcycle at auction(拍卖) and donating the money to those in need.
【答案】46．as；47．Luckily；48．a；49．his；50．learned / learnt；51．to send；52．sleepy；53．However；54．invitations；55．selling
【知识点】语法填空；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了今年八月重庆爆发山火期间，很多外卖骑手利用空闲时间免费为消防员送食物和冰水的故事，本文主要介绍了外卖骑手龙杰的所作所为。
【点评】考查语法填空。首先跳过空格通读全文，理解文章大意，然后根据语境和所给单词选择正确的词形和词性，注意固定搭配，语法和句型结构等因素。
46．句意：重庆，也被称为"山城"，有一个陡峭的地形，这使得运送物资上山很困难。be known as被称为，固定短语，根据空格前后内容可知，此处指重庆，也被称为"山城"，故填 as 。
47．句意：许多当地骑手骑着摩托车参加，还有一些是专门来参加这项工作的专业骑手。luck运气，不可数名词；根据句子结构可知，此处需要副词修饰整个句子，根据空后内容可知，此处指幸运地，luckily，副词，故填 Luckily 。
48．句意：其中一名20出头的年轻人名叫龙杰，他以"烈火骑士"而闻名。空后是名词单数，根据语境可知，此处表示泛指，young以辅音音素开头，此处需要不定冠词a，故填 a 。
49．句意：龙是一名外卖骑手，业余时间喜欢骑摩托车。in one' s spare time在某人的空闲时间，固定短语，he他，代词主格；his他的，形容词性物主代词，故填 his 。
50．句意：8月22日，当他得知山区森林里的数百名消防员没有得到食物时，他立即背上了食物和冰水，骑着摩托车送去了物资。learn得知，动词，根据 On August 22 可知，此处描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，learn过去式是learned / learnt ，故填 learned / learnt 。
51．句意： 8月22日，当他得知山区森林里的数百名消防员没有得到食物时，他立即背上了食物和冰水，骑着摩托车送去了物资。 根据句意和句子结构可知，此处是动词不定式作目的状语，send送，动词，故填 to send 。
52．句意：在一段网络视频中，龙是如此累和困，以至于为了保持清醒，他往头上泼水。and连接并列成分，前后形式应该一致，根据and前面的形容词tired可知，此处需要形容词作表语，sleep睡觉，动词，sleepy困倦的，形容词；asleep睡着的，形容词，此处是so…that…句型，根据 that he was seen pouring water down over his head to stay awake. 可知，此处指困倦，故填 sleepy 。
53．句意：与自然的斗争终于取得了胜利。然而，他在队中编号为"26号"的摩托车在灭火行动中被损坏。根据前后句句意可知，前后句表示转折关系，空后有逗号，此处应该用副词however，然而，故填 However 。
54．句意：摩托车队的领队说，他们已经收到了几家博物馆的邀请，要收藏"26号"。invitation邀请，可数名词，根据空前several可知，此处用名词复数，故填 invitations 。
55．句意：他们还在考虑拍卖这辆摩托车，然后把钱捐给需要帮助的人。sell卖，动词，consider doing sth考虑做某事，固定短语，此处需要动名词作动词宾语，故填 selling 。
六、第三部分，语言运用，第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
China launched(发射) the Shenzhou XⅥ manned spaceship on May 30th. The journey is the first flight of China's third generation(一代) of astronauts, and the first time a common person has traveled to space.
Zhu Yangzhu is one of the spaceflight engineers for the Shenzhou XVI mission.自他是小男孩时就喜欢飞行。 56．
When he was a middle school student, Zhu often did physical exercises about flying. Because of his high grades, Zhu could entered the National University of Defense(国防) Technology in Changsha in the summer of 2005. He spent several hours doing research on engineering every day after entering the university. 57． He remained there for the following years. At the end of 2015, Zhu graduated from the university with a doctor degree and took his first engineering post(工程职位).
In the summer of 2018, Zhu heard that China would choose the third-generation astronauts. He decided to try out for it. He wondered whether he could achieve his dream. 58． In September 2020, Zhu finally became one of the country's third group of 18 astronauts, including six other flight engineers.
However, the astronaut training tasks(任务) were a real challenge for him. For example, astronauts had to stay up for three days and three nights in a closed room, and they had to do many tests on a computer.但是，他完成训练任务没有问题。 59． At the same time, he could play a role in relaxing others and helping them to stay clear-headed by singing and telling jokes.
Thanks to his hard work, Zhu progressed rapidly in every training course. 60． Zhu said he felt honored to become a member to fly in space.
【答案】56．He has loved flying since he was a little boy.；57．进入大学后，他每天花几个小时研究工程学。；58．他想知道自己能否实现他（自己）的梦想。；59．However, he had no problem completing / finishing the training tasks.；60．由于他努力学习，朱在每次训练课中都进步很快。
【知识点】任务型阅读；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了航天工程师朱阳柱的基本情况。
【点评】考查语篇翻译。根据汉语或英语意思翻译出相应的内容。
56．自从since，引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，他he，代词主格做主语，小男孩a little boy，系动词用was，喜欢飞行love flying，固定短语，助动词用has，故填 He has loved flying since he was a little boy.
57．he他，代词主格；sb. spent some time doing sth.某人花费时间做某事，固定句型，several hours几个小时，do research on…研究……，engineering工程学，不可数名词，every day每天，after在……之后，enter the university进入大学，故填 进入大学后，他每天花几个小时研究工程学。
58．he他，代词主格；wonder想知道，动词，后跟宾语从句，whether能否，是否，连接宾语从句，could能够，情态动词，achieve his dream实现他（自己）的梦想，故填 他想知道自己能否实现他（自己）的梦想。
59．但是however，副词，表示转折关系，他he，代词主格；做某事没有问题have no problem doing sth，固定短语，根据语境可知，此处描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，have过去式是had，完成训练任务complete / finish the training tasks，故填However, he had no problem completing / finishing the training tasks.
60．thanks to由于，固定短语，his hard work他的努力学习，progress进步，动词，rapidly快速地，副词，此处修饰动词，in every training course在每次训练课中，故填 由于他努力学习，朱在每次训练课中都进步很快。
七、第四部分，书面表达（满分10分）
61．巍巍麓山，浩浩湘水，璀璨星城长沙吸引着全世界越来越多人的目光。为此，长沙文旅局向中学生开展了 "了解家乡之事，厚植家乡情，用世界语言描述长沙" 的征文比赛！请你根据以下提示，以 "Charming(有魅力的) Changsha" 为题，描述长沙印象，内容包含以下要点：
Charming Changsha
Location and climate(气候) Northeast of Hunan province; cold in winter, hot in summer, warm in spring and cool in autumn
History Over 3,000 years
Population About 10 million
A must-see place Orange Isle(橘子洲头): full of trees and flowers, eco-friendly(生态好); breathtakingly(惊人地) beautiful, very relaxed
Local food ...
要求：(1) 80词左右；(2) 包含以上所有要点并适当拓展；(3) 文中不得出现真实人名和校名。
以下词汇可供参考：
capital city 首都；省会城市 Stinky tofu 臭豆腐 smelly臭的
spicy crayfish 香辣小龙虾 rice noodles 米粉
milk tea in Chayan Yuese 茶颜
Charming Changsha
【答案】 Charming Changsha
Changsha, the capital city of Hunan province, is located in the northeast of the province. With a history of over 3,000 years, it has a population of about 10 million. Changsha has a continental monsoon climate, with cold winters, hot summers, warm springs, and cool autumns.
One of the must-see places in Changsha is Orange Isle, which is full of trees and flowers, eco-friendly, and breathtakingly beautiful. It's a great place to relax.
When it comes to local food, Changsha is famous for its spicy crayfish and stinky tofu. Another popular dish is rice noodles. If you want to try some delicious milk tea, you can visit Chayan Yuese, where they serve tea in a unique way.
Changsha is indeed a charming city, with its beautiful sceneries, friendly locals, and delicious food. It's attracting more and more attention from people all over the world.
【知识点】命题作文；提纲作文
【解析】【分析】考查命题作文和提纲作文。要求根据以下提示，以 "Charming(有魅力的) Changsha" 为题，描述长沙印象，要求包括提示中的所有内容，并可适当增加内容，合理使用连接词，使得语句通顺，语意连贯，注意上下文的连接要符合逻辑关系，符合英语表达习惯，本文主要使用第三人称单数，一般现在时。
【点评】考查命题作文和提纲作文。注意单词拼写的正确性，语法使用的准确性，时态运用的灵活性，本文可能用到的短语：be famous for以……而闻名，not only…but also…不但……而且……，enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事，be full of充满，be surprised at对……感到吃惊，等等。
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