中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高中英语阅读理解专项练习「记叙文」
【课程引入】:
我们一起通过一则中文故事《六眼飞鱼》来总结一下记叙文的结构和六要素:
①很久很久以前,海边有一个村庄,村民们世世代代以捕鱼为生,他们过着宁静祥和的生活。②但是突然有一天,海里出现了一只怪兽,这个怪兽长了六只眼睛,还会飞,于是村民管它叫“六眼飞鱼”。③村民们害怕极了,从此再也不敢去海里捕鱼。
④这时候,村里一位叫做“爱”的少年出现了,他希望可以战胜这只怪兽为了全村的幸福生活。⑤这时候这位叫做“爱”的少年去询问智者对抗六眼飞鱼的方法,智者只说了9个字:“去找一把叫做‘勇气’的剑。”⑥智者说完这九个字就消失了,少年困惑不已,回到村里。⑦问询村里人为什么用一把叫做勇气的剑去面对这个六只眼睛、鱼形的怪兽。⑧村民们异口同声地回答道:“因为爱真的需要勇气,来面对六眼飞鱼”。
⑨少年顿悟,找到了那把叫勇气的剑,最后战胜了六眼飞鱼,让村庄恢复了宁静祥和的生活。
这则故事的发展结构
故事开端:__________________________________
故事发展:__________________________________
故事高潮:__________________________________
故事结局:__________________________________
这则故事的六个要素
时间:__________________________________ 地点:__________________________________
人物:__________________________________ 事件:__________________________________
原因:__________________________________ 结束:__________________________________
通过上面一则中文故事我们可以得到记叙文的结构和六要素,对应到高考英语中记叙文的讲解也是一样的步骤,接下来我们继续深入来看看英文记叙文的相关内容。
课中讲解
授课内容1:记叙文阅读攻略
记叙文的定义及分类
记叙文是指一种叙述______、______及表现的文章体裁,以写人、记事、写景状物为主要内容,以叙述和描写为表达方式。
记叙文一般可以分为两类:一类是______,对事件进行写实叙述,写真人真事,如传记、游记等;另一类是______,如小说、散文、故事、戏剧、寓言等。
记叙文的叙述类型可以分为______,______和______,有时候作者为了吸引读者会采用______的方法,即不按照事情发展的先后顺序来叙述,而是从最重要、最能引人入胜的事件开始,然后再回过头来追叙故事的开端和经过。阅读时要学会从事情本身的发展去理解故事情节而不要只看事件在文中出现的先后位置。______常用来补充说明一些情况,对主要情节起衬托作用。
记叙文六要素
无论是哪一种记叙文,作者都要交代何人何时在何地为什么,怎么样地做了何事,即我们常说的记叙文六要素(5Ws+1H)。我们要按照线索,理清楚整个故事的来龙去脉来理解整个故事。
5Ws+1H:________________________________________________________
记叙文常见文章结构
篇章分析
【2019年全国卷I高考英语B篇】
For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y., today is speech day, and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the of kid who would enjoy public speaking.【开端】
But he’s, nervous. “I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…” Chris trips on the “-ld” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support. “…Vote for …me …” Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.【发展】
A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls(回想起)how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.【插叙:人物介绍】
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student,” Whaley explains, “especially for a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confident enough to say, ‘I don’t know, but I want to know.’”【插叙:作者陈述】
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.【高潮:作者陈述】
“Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities,” Whaley says, “is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”【总结】
【文章结构分析】
主旨:__________________________________________________________
第一段:________________________________________________________
第二段:________________________________________________________
第三段:________________________________________________________
第四段:________________________________________________________
第五段:________________________________________________________
第六段:________________________________________________________
What made Chris nervous?
A. Telling a story. B. Making a speech.
C. Taking a test. D. Answering a question.
【解析】题干问的是导致Chris紧张的事件是什么,考察事件的______,即故事的______。
What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Improper pauses. B. Bad manners. C. Spelling mistakes. D. Silly jokes.
【解析】题干问的是第二段划线词的含义,考察对______中情节的理解。
We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to ______.
A. help students see their own strengths
B. assess students’ public speaking skills
C. prepare students for their future jobs
D. inspire students’ love for politics
【解析】题干问的是Whaley的项目的目的是什么,考查的是这篇文章的______部分。
Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher
A. Humorous. B. Ambitious. C. Caring. D. Demanding.
【解析】题干问的是Whaley作为老师的 ______。
过关检测1(10mins)
【江西省高安中学2020-2021学年高一上第一次段考】
Brownie and Spotty were neighbor dogs who met every day to play together. Like pairs of dogs you can find in any neighborhood, these two loved each other and played together so often that they had worn a path through the grass of the field between their houses.
One evening, Brownie’s family noticed that Brownie hadn’t returned home. They went looking for him with no success. Brownie didn’t show up the next day, and although they made their efforts to find him, by the next week he was still missing.
Curiously, Spotty showed up at Brownie’s house alone, barking and jumping. Busy with their own lives, they paid no attention to the nervous little neighbor dog.
Finally, one morning Spotty refused to take ‘‘no’’ for an answer. Ted, Brownie’s owner, was continuously disturbed by the angry, determined little dog. Spotty followed Ted about, barking all the time, then darting toward a nearby empty lot (an area of land) and back, as if to say, “Follow me! It’s urgent(紧急的)!”
Eventually, Ted followed Spotty across the empty lot as Spotty stopped to race back and barked encouragingly. The little dog led the man to a deserted spot. There Ted found his beloved Brownie alive, one of his legs stuck in a steel trap. Frightened, Ted now wished he had followed Spotty earlier.
Then Ted noticed something. Spotty had done something else besides leading Brownie’s human owner to his trapped friend. In a circle around the injured dog, Ted found some food remains of every meal. Brownie had been fed that week! Spotty had been visiting Brownie regularly, in the hope of keeping his friend alive. Spotty had actually stayed with Brownie to protect him from hunger and other dangers, and keep his spirits up.
Brownie’s leg was carefully treated and he soon got well again. For many years thereafter the two families watched the faithful friends running after each other down that well-worn path between their houses.
At the very beginning, Ted paid little attention to Spotty because ______.
A. he was not free at the moment
B. he was sure Brownie would be OK
C. he didn’t like Spotty
D. his missing dog made him sad
The underlined word “darting” in the fourth paragraph can be replaced by ______.
A. walking B. shouting C. rushing D. looking
After Ted was brought where Brownie was trapped, he ______.
A. managed to free his dog at once
B. was very thankful to Spotty
C. regretted not following Spotty earlier
D. was angry with the trap-maker
We can infer from the passage that ______.
A. humans and animals depend on each other for comfort
B. it’s not right to hunt animals in any neighborhood
C. Ted has to take better care of his beloved dog later on
D. it was Spotty’s timely help that saved Brownie
巩固练习(8mins)
【2020-2021学年重庆市暨华中学高一上期中考试】
Like any new ninth-grader on the first day of school, Joemar Class had ninth-grader emotion. He’s not used to school in Hartford. He’s used to going to school in his hometown of Florida, used to seeing his friends, used to having class in Spanish.
“Nervioso,” he said in Spanish.
We first met Joemar in mid-October in the San Juan Airport. His father, Guillermo Class, had sold his car to buy plane tickets to get his kids and fly them up from Puerto Rico. The island was almost destroyed(毁坏)by the deadly storm------Hurricane Maria.
Now, they are living in their new home in Hartford’s South End. A week later, and, using his wife’s car, Class drove 16-year-old Joemar to his First day at Bulkelry High School. After a short ride, he got out in front of his new school. Inside, he met Gretchen Levitz------the school’s program director.
“I see you have a new uniform(校服),” Levitz said. “You look great. Are you ready for a good first day ”
Then he met a couple of teachers.
“Hello,” they each said in Spanish. They asked where he’s from, and told him they were happy to see him. Then, Levitz took him on a quick tour of the school before classes began------to her office, the school store, the library, and the dining hall.
A total of 19 languages are spoken in Bulkeley High School. “We have so many new students coming here from other countries every single day,” Levitz said. “So it’s not like he’s the only one who has that feeling.”
“You could tell he’s a little worried,” Guillermo said as we left. “But, at the same time, he’s looking forward to it.”
What kind of feeling did Joemar have on his first day of school
A. Nervous. B. Excited. C. Angry. D. Relaxed.
Why did Joemar leave Florida
A. His old school closed down.
B. His town was hit by a terrible storm.
C. He wanted to see his mother.
D. He expected to have a new life.
What did Joemar do before he walked into his new classroom
A. He had a long talk with his father.
B. He had a short look around his new school.
C. He learned some simple Spanish words.
D. He said hello to some of his classmates.
What can we learn about Bulkeley High School
A. It has no library.
B. It requires all students to wear uniforms.
C. It plans to open Spanish classes.
D. It is an international school.
拔高练习(15mins)
【2021年重庆高三下学期二模考试】
Jeremy Locke, who owns a roofing and construction company in Glace Bay, Nova Scotia, had always been wanting to repair the roof of Jeanette MacDonald’s home. Whenever he drove past the woman’s home, he assumed that the roof was under repair because the job had already been taken on by another group of repairmen------but as the weeks wore on, the roof continued to worsen without any signs of repair.
“I had it in my mind that if no one steps up to help this lady in our community, I’d be more than happy to.” Locke told CBC.
When Locke finally reached out to MacDonald about fixing her roof for free, however she politely declined his offer because she did not like to accept charity. That being said, she had already applied for a government grant(补助金)to fix the roof and she said she was more than happy to hire Locke once her grant application was approved.
Unfortunately, MacDonald never received the approval.
As the stubborn Canadian senior refused to accept any assistance from Locke, the sympathetic construction worker played an innocent trick in order to get her to accept his help. He invited MacDonald to enter a raffle(抽奖活动)that his business was holding for a free roof. After the grandmother-of-four accepted one of the raffle tickets, Locke told her that she was the winner------because she was the only one who had entered the raffle.
Thanks to his sweet little plan, Lock and his crew are starting work on the roof this week, which is expected to cost his company about $9,000.
Macdonald, meanwhile, told CBC that she doesn’t know how to express her gratitude to Locke, saying that she is her “guardian angel”.
“There's nobody out there like him.” she added.
What did Locke desire to do for MacDonald
Repair her roof.
Find a repairman.
Run a charity.
Raise money.
Why did Macdonald refuse Locke's offer initially
She didn't trust him.
She had won a raffle.
She didn't like free help.
She had got an official help.
How did Locke finally make MacDonald change her mind
He persuaded her to give up her application.
He invited her to enter his business.
He gave her about $9,000.
He told her a white lie.
Which of the following words best describe Locke
Stubborn and tricky. B. Wealthy and innocent.
Determined and warm-hearted. D. Different and ambitious.
拓展练习(8mins)
一、语法填空。
Beethoven was born in Boon, German in December, 1770 and died in Vienna on March 26, 1827. He probably began to go deaf after he got ___1___ he called his “terrible typhus” in 1797. He tried to keep ___2___ a secret while consulting doctors and trying various ___3___ (treat). He was extremely ___4___ (anxiety) about its possible effect on his career ___5___ a musician, and embarrassed by its effect on his social life.
It would be argued that Beethoven’s deafness helped the development of his art almost ___6___ (separate) from the world, and unable to perform, he could devote all his time to composing. He suffered from tinnitus(耳鸣), loud noises that caused ___7___ pain. In 1804, his friend Stephan von Breuning wrote to Franz Wegelger ___8___ the terrible effect that the loss of hearing was having on Beethoven; it ___9___ (cause) him to distrust his friends, and he had become very difficult to be with.
But above all else, Beethoven devoted himself to his art and the desire to compose remained with him throughout his life. ___10___ he needed to earn a living, he wrote “I love my art too dearly to be driven only by self interest.”
秋高中 阅读理解专项练习「记叙文」参考答案
授课内容1
BAAC
过关检测1
ACCD
巩固练习
ABBD
拔高练习
ACDC
拓展练习
语法填空
01.what 02.it 03.treatments 04.anxious 05.as
06.separated 07.him 08.about 09.had cause 10.Though/Although