Unit 4 Topic 1 When was it invented？ 测试卷（B卷）（含解析）

Unit 4 Topic 1 （B卷提升篇）
单项选择
从下列各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳答案.
1．To complete her online learning, Suzy needs a computer or a mobile phone to receive messages___________ her teachers.
A．with B．during C．from D．through
2．—I can't believe it! This beautiful dress is designed by Susan.
—Really She is so _________.
A．shy B．creative C．important D．silly
3．In 1958, pinyin ________by Chinese linguist(语言学家)Zhou Youguang and his team.
A．designs B．designed C．is designed D．was designed
4．It’s said that Thomas Edison invented more than _________ things during his life.
A．two thousand B．two thousands C．thousand of D．two thousands of
5．See _________ your invention works as it is planed. If not, do more research, redesign it.
A．since B．after C．until D．if
6．—You have saved a lot of money. How do you plan to _________ it
—You know, it will _________ much to buy a house.
A．pay; spend B．spend; cost C．cost; pay D．take; cost
7．Now more and more man-made satellites are _________ by humans.
A．sent for B．send C．sent up D．sent into
8．— Will you go for a picnic with your parents this weekend
— It just _________ the weather.
A．because of B．decides by C．depends on D．looks at
9．She spoke loudly _________ everyone could hear her.
A．to B．in order to C．so that D．that
10．_________ you finish your homework, you can go out to play.
A．As well as B．Unless C．As long as D．As far as
完形填空
阅读短文，从A，B，C，D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
I have had the pleasure of meeting a few neighbors. They seem to be quite kind people. For Christmas, I thought I would do something nice for each of the neighbors that I knew. I sat down and counted. There were nine neighbors, and I also knew which houses they lived 11 .
However, I decided to add one more person to my list, the lady I met every morning walking to work when I drove down the street. She always gave me a sweet smile and a friendly wave(挥手), 12 I had no idea about her address.
My gift idea was to make small 13 baskets and leave them on each of my neighbors' front porches(门廊) the night of Christmas Eve. I kept the last one for the friendly lady because I was still not sure about where she lived. It was 14 the house down about where I met her each morning. Finally I decided to put it there. My neighbors really enjoyed the baskets and a couple even came by to thank me.
This morning I got a Thank you card.
The card said, “Thank you for those lovely apples and strawberries you left on the porch of Thomas. He 15 on January 19, but he never stopped 16 about how nice it was that he was remembered in his time of illness. He really enjoyed it. ”
I was very 17 . Why he sent a card to me I had no idea 18 Thomas was or that he had been seriously ill. I had left that nice lady's basket on Thomas' porch by accident. I believe Thomas never expected to have that basket. I feel sorry that the nice lady didn't get a basket from me, but I believe if she knew what had happened, she would 19 me.
I feel lucky to have helped Thomas be more cheerful in his last days. This just makes me further believe that sometimes 20 in life are beautiful.
11．A．/ B．to C．with D．in
12．A．but B．so C．unless D．because
13．A．flower B．food C．vegetable D．fruit
14．A．clearly B．maybe C．certainly D．sure
15．A．dead B．has been dead C．died D．has died
16．A．talk B．talked C．to talk D．talking
17．A．nervous B．surprised C．relaxed D．excited
18．A．where B．when C．what D．who
19．A．understand B．punish C．stop D．tell
20．A．gifts B．mistakes C．problems D．questions
阅读理解
阅读短文，从所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
It is necessary for students to learn some team skills like developing relationships, communicating well with others and solving problems. Here are two fun team activities. Activity 1: Water Relay (接力赛) Tools ● Two large buckets (水桶) to hold water ● One small bucket for each team member Instructions ● Fill one large bucket with water. ● Make holes in the bottom of the small buckets. ● Have the team members line up between the two large buckets. ● Pass the water from one large bucket to the other, using small buckets. Try to keep as much water as possible. Why It’s Fun ● It’s fun to workout away to lose as little water as possible. ● It’s water. Isn’t it fun to get you wet on a hot summer day Activity 2: Truth and Lie This activity will allow team members to learn about each other. Instructions ● Have each team member think of three pieces of information about themselves, and one of them is a lie. ● Each team member tells the group all the three pieces of information. Let the other team members guess which is the lie. Why It’s Fun ● Students love talking about themselves and this gives them the chance to do so. ● Members can learn about each other. ● Members will be surprised at what others think of them.
21．How many team skills does the writer mention (提及) in Paragraph 1
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
22．What tools are needed for each team in Water Relay
A．One large bucket for each member.
B．Two large buckets for each member.
C．One small bucket for each member and two large buckets.
D．Two small buckets for each member and one large bucket.
23．In order to win Water Relay, the team members should ________.
A．get themselves wet
B．lose as little water as possible
C．pass the water as slowly as possible
D．pass the large bucket to the other team
24．It is fun to play Truth and Lie because team members can ________.
A．talk about themselves B．share love with each other
C．tell lies to surprise others D．learn all the information about others
25．This passage is most probably from ________.
A．a science book B．a travel guide
C．a news website D．a school magazine
B
Parents always want the best for their kids. But everyone has their own way of parenting(养育). Here are some popular parenting styles. Which one do you like best
Tiger parents（虎爸虎妈）They are strict with their children. They want them to get the best grades in their class. They love their kids in their hearts. Dolphin parents（海豚式父母）They just want their kids to be happy and healthy. They make sure their kids get enough sleep and exercise.
Helicopter parents（直升机式父母）They worry too much about their children and "fly" over them like helicopters. Many people think these parents should give their children more freedom(自由). Lawnmower parents（割草机式父母）Like a lawnmower that cuts grass, they get rid of(去除) all difficulties for their children. Their kids never learn to work out problems on their own.
26．Tiger parents treat their kids in a ________ way.
A．good B．kind C．strict D．right
27．Dolphin parents usually want their children to get ________.
A．best grades B．little sleep C．enough love D．enough exercise
28．If you have helicopter parents, you may ________.
A．get less freedom B．face more difficulties
C．worry about your parents D．"fly" over your parents like helicopters
29．As lawnmower parents, they will ________.
A．cut grass before their kids
B．get rid of all difficulties for their kids
C．make sure their kids are happy and healthy
D．ask their kids to work out problems on their own
30．What's the best title for the passage
A．Kids and parents B．How parents get on with kids
C．Everyone has their own parents D．Different ways of parenting
C
“I don't like my parents. They always tell me I should do this, and should not do that. It sometimes makes me angry,” said Wang Ping, a middle school student in Guangzhou. Do you have the same problem P erhaps your parents had the same problem when they were your age long ago. Why does it seem that some parents are not so friendly in their children's eyes
One of the biggest problems is when someone becomes a parent, he/she likes worrying about things. They worry about everything about you from the time you were born. They do a lot for you, though something would make you angry, because they care about you and worry about you. They worry about your choice of friends, food you eat, your work at school, how much sleep you get, etc. All these things are part of your life. They want you to grow up healthily and happily.
So how can you make things easier on yourself？It's easier than you think. Just make sure your parents know what you're doing. Get them to know your friends. Phone them if you stay somewhere else late so that your parents don't call every hospital in the phone book looking for you. Say sorry to them when you make mistakes. Take responsibility(责任) for what you have done. Talk about your ideas with them. They may talk about theirs with you.
Most of all, try to think about why your parents do this or do that. They are still practicing being parents and need help you can give them. Someday, when you become a parent, they may be able to help you know how to get on with your children.
31．The writer thinks one of the biggest problems for parents is to ________.
A．worry about themselves B．worry about their children
C．hate their children D．be friendly with their children
32．All the things that parents do is to ________.
A．make their children angry
B．want their children to love them
C．want their children to grow up healthily and happily
D．want their children to do everything well in the future
33．The writer thinks we should ________ if we go back home later than usual.
A．tell our friends B．tell the teacher
C．say sorry to our parents D．make a telephone call to our parents
34．The writer thinks ________.
A．it's wrong for parents to worry about their children too much
B．some parents are unfriendly, which makes their children angry
C．children should do everything as their parents say
D．parents love their children very much and the children should understand them
35．What is the best title of the passage
A．Parents' responsibility
B．How to get on with parents
C．Wang Ping's problem
D．What are parents worrying about
D
You have lots of things you'd like to do. But sometimes it's hard to get to the finish line-just like your goal. How can you break your bad habits and develop good ones 36 Here are a few opinions we often get from kids, followed by ideas that might help.
● I can' 't get away from screens.
37 If you usually spend time lying on the sofa and watching TV programs or a video when you're bored, go somewhere else instead. Take a book to your room or your violin to the backyard. Or ask if you can help cook in the kitchen.
● 38
Start with "showing up. " Then take one small step or do one tiny task, followed by another and another. For example, how do I practice the piano First sit at it. Then play one note at a time.
Starting with a super-simple step often helps. Why It's easy, quick, and gets you in action. 39
● I have no time.
Take a look at the choices you make about how you spend time. Do those choices show what's important to you Can you spare 10 minutes a day to work on a goal Let's suppose you want to be singer. 40 Talk with a parent about why your goal counts. Discuss whether you can let go of something less important to free up time to achieve it.
A．Then keep taking steps.
B．I can't start such a huge goal.
C．And how can you try to reach your goals
D．To change a habit, try changing where you spend your time.
E．Is it more important to practice singing than play video games
情景交际
根据情景提示,完成下列各题。
41．如果你想知道谁发明的飞机，你可以这样问：

42．如果你想知道锁是什么材料制成的，你可以这样问：
43．如果你想知道纸是用什么材料制成的，你可以这样问：
44．如果你想知道筷子是用来做什么的，你可以这样问：
45．如果你想了解笔记本是何时何地发明的，你可以这样问：
短文填空
根据短文内容填空。
Yang Liwei was born in an ordinary family in Liaoning Province in 1965. He became a pilot of the Chinese Air Force in 1987. He 46 [spend]1350 hours in the air. It took him five years to 47 a spaceman. Yang Liwei was 48 (send up) into space by China’s ShenzhouⅤat 9 a.m. 49 [ n] October 15th, 2003. It moved around the earth fourteen times. He came back 50 (safe) at 6:23 a.m. the next day, making China the third country to successfully send a person into space after the former Soviet Union (苏联) 51 the USA. Yang Liwei returned to the earth after a 52 (21小时) trip to space. In space, Yang not only recorded 53 (thing) he saw but also showed China's national flag and the United Nation's flag to the people who watch on TV 54 home.
All of the Chinese people are 55 of our first spaceman-Yang Liwei.
看图写话
根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子。
56．bad, for.
57．if, tomorrow.
58．there, be, street.
59．Tom, weekends.
60．hair, than.
书面表达
61．假设你校为了配合创建“文化校园 高效课堂”活动，最近以“学生做作业时是否应该在网上找答案？”为题做了一个调查。调查发现一些学生赞成，但许多学生反对这种做法。请你根据调查情况和下面表格中的要点提示，以“Think before you search online”为题用英语写一篇短文。
赞成者 反对者 你自己
观点 1. 不会做题 2. 学习别人 3. 节省时间 1. 不利能力提升 2. 不利思维发展 考生自拟 （至少2点）
注意：1. 词数90左右。短文的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数；
2. 短文须包括所有要点，不要逐词翻译，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺；
3. 短文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
Think before you search online
Some students now have a new use for the Internet—helping them with their homework. But different people have different ideas about it.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．C
【详解】句意：为了完成在线学习，苏西需要一台电脑或一部手机来接收老师的信息。
考查介词。with有；during在……期间；from从……；through穿过；根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“从老师那里得到信息”，英语中“从……”是from，故选C。
2．B
【详解】句意：——我真不敢相信！这条漂亮的裙子是Susan设计的。——真的吗？她太有创意了。
考查形容词辨析。shy 害羞的；creative 有创意的；important 重要的；silly 愚蠢的。根据“This beautiful dress is designed by Susan.”可知，设计漂亮裙子的Susan是非常有创意的，故选B。
3．D
【详解】句意：1958年，中国语言学家周有光和他的团队设计了拼音。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。designs一般现在时的第三人称单数；designed一般过去时；is designed一般现在时的被动语态；was designed一般过去时的被动语态。根据In 1958,可知句子时态用一般过去时；而且句子的主语pinyin与谓语动词design是被动关系，所以应用被动语态；一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，主语是单数，用was，design的过去分词是designed；故答案选D。
4．A
【详解】句意：据说托马斯·爱迪生一生中发明了两千多件东西。
考查数词。英语中hundred/thousand/million/billion这四个词使用时，如果前面有具体的数字，这四个词不加s，其后不加of，故排除B/D选项；如果前面没有具体的数字，这四个词要加s，其后要加of，故排除C选项；故选A。
5．D
【详解】句意：看看你的发明是否如计划的那样有效。如果没有，就做更多的研究，重新设计它。
考查宾语从句。since自从；after在……之后；until直到；if是否。分析句子结构可知，此句是一个宾语从句。根据“your invention works as it is planed”及“If not, do more research, redesign it”，可知，要看看发明是否如计划那样有效，用if引导宾语从句，故选D。
6．B
【详解】句意：——你已经存了一大笔钱。你打算怎么花？——你知道的，买房子要花一大笔钱。
考查动词辨析。pay 付款；spend 花费；cost 花费；；take 花费。这个四个花费的常用搭配为：人+pay +金钱+for sth，表示“某人为……付款”；物+ cost + 金钱，表示“某物花 了……钱”；人+spend+金钱/时间，表示“某人花 了……时间/金钱”；It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.，表示“某人做某事花……时间”。第一空句子主语为“you 你”，指人，宾语“it”指代金钱，人花钱用spend；第二空it作形式主语，真正主语为“to buy a house 买房子”，事物作主语用cost。综上，故选B。
7．C
【详解】句意：现在越来越多的人造卫星被人类发射。
考查动词短语。sent for派人去叫；send发送；send up发射，使上升；sent into把……送入；由句中man-made satellites可知，此处指的是“发射”，且句子主语与send之间有被动关系，因此句子应该是被动句，空前有are，所以空格应用过去分词，send的过去分词为sent，所以此处填sent up，故选C。
8．C
【详解】句意：——这个周末你会和父母去野餐吗？——这要看天气情况。
考查动词短语。because of因为，由于；decide by由……决定；depend on依靠，依赖，随……而定；looks at看；根据语境可知，这个周末去不去野餐是取决于天气，随着天气情况而定的，所以用depends on，故选C。
9．C
【详解】句意：她说得这么大声是为了让每个人都听到。
考查目的状语从句。to 后接动词原形构成动词不定式；in order to 为了，后接动词原形；so that 以便，引导目的状语从句；that 引导名词性从句和定语从句。由于主句“She spoke loudly 她说得这么大声”的目的是“everyone could hear her 让每个人都听到”，引导目的状语从句可以用so that，故选C。
10．C
【详解】句意：只要你完成作业，你就可以出去玩。
考查连词辨析。As well as也，而且；Unless除非；As long as只要；As far as就……而言。分析句意，“只要”完成作业就可以出去玩，可用as long as引导条件状语从句，故选C。
11．D 12．A 13．D 14．B 15．C 16．D 17．B 18．D 19．A 20．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者想给每天早上都遇见的一位女士送圣诞礼物，却阴差阳错地把礼物送给了身患绝症的Thomas，不知情的Thomas在剩余的日子里非常感谢作者还记得他。
11．句意：有9位邻居，我还知道他们住在哪栋房子里。
/ 什么都不填；to向，朝；with和；in在……里。live表示“居住”是不及物动词，后接“house 房子”要先接介词in，live in表示“住在……里”，故选D。
12．句意：她总是给我一个甜美的微笑和友好的挥手，但我不知道她的地址。
but但是，表转折；so所以，表结果；unless除非，表条件；because因为，表原因。“She always gave me a sweet smile and a friendly wave 她总是给我一个甜美的微笑和友好的挥手”和“I had no idea about her address 我不知道她的地址”之间是转折关系，故选A。
13．句意：我关于礼物的想法是做个小果篮，在圣诞夜的晚上把它们放在邻居家的前廊上。
flower鲜花；food食物；vegetable蔬菜；fruit水果。根据“Thank you for those lovely apples and strawberries you left on the porch of Thomas.”可知，篮子里装的是苹果和草莓，都是水果，所以是小果篮，故选D。
14．句意：也许是在我每天早上遇到她的地方。
clearly清楚地；maybe或许；certainly无疑，确定；sure确信的，无疑的。根据“I had no idea about her address.”可知，作者并不知道女士的住址，所以这句话是作者的推测，故选B。
15．句意：他已于1月19日去世，但他从未停止谈论在他生病的时候被人记住是多么地美好。
dead死的，形容词；has been dead已经死了，现在完成时，表状态；died死亡，一般过去时；has died已经死了，现在完成时，表动作。“January 19”是确切的过去时间点，表示在过去的某一天死亡用一般过去时，故选C。
16．句意：他已于1月19日去世，但他从未停止谈论在他生病的时候被人记住是多么地美好。
talk谈论，动词原形；talked谈论，动词过去式；to talk谈论，动词不定式；talking谈论，动名词形式。stop doing sth.表示“停止正在做的事情”，never stop talking表示“从不停止谈论”，符合Thomas感激作者的表现，故选D。
17．句意：我非常惊讶。
nervous紧张的；surprised惊讶的；relaxed放松的；excited激动的。根据“Why he sent a card to me ”可知，作者并不知道为什么Thomas要感谢他，所以收到感谢后，“惊讶的”符合作者的心情，故选B。
18．句意：我不知道Thomas是谁，也不知道他得了重病。
where哪里；when何时；what什么；who谁。Thomas是一个人，故选D。
19．句意：我很抱歉那位好心的女士没有收到我的篮子，但我相信如果她知道发生了什么，她会理解我。
understand理解；punish惩罚；stop停止；tell告诉。根据前文可知，作者并不是故意不送女士礼物，而是阴差阳错导致礼物送错了，但是错误的礼物却给另一个人带来了温暖，“理解”最符合语境，故选A。
20．句意：这让我进一步相信，人生中的错误有时是美好的。
gifts礼物；mistakes错误；problems问题；questions问题。根据“I had left that nice lady's basket on Thomas' porch by accident.”可知，礼物是意外放错了，导致被送给了另一个人，这是个“错误”，故选B。
21．C 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．D
【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了两个有趣的适合学生做的团队活动：水接力赛和真相与谎言。
21．细节理解题。根据第1段中“It is necessary for students to learn some team skills like developing relationships, communicating well with others and solving problems.”可知第1段提到了三种团队技能：发展人际关系，与他人良好沟通，解决问题。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据“Tools ●Two large buckets to hold water ●One small bucket for each team member”可知在水接力赛中每个队员需要一个小桶，还需要两个大桶盛水、故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据“Try to keep as much water as possible.”及“It’s fun to workout away to lose as little water as possible.”可知要赢得水接力赛，就要尽量少让水洒掉。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据“Students love talking about themselves and this gives them the chance to do so.”可知玩真相和谎言是很有趣的，因为团队成员可以谈论自己。故选A。
25．推理判断题。根据第1段中“It is necessary for students to learn some team skills like developing relationships, communicating well with others and solving problems. Here are two fun team activities.”可知这是针对学生们学习团队技能而列举的两个有趣的活动，由此可推知极可能来自一本学校杂志。故选D。
26．C 27．D 28．A 29．B 30．D
【分析】文章大意：父母总是希望他们的孩子得到最好的，但每个人都有自己的育儿方式。本文向我们介绍了一些流行的育儿方式：虎爸虎妈、海豚式父母、直升机式父母、割草机式父母。
26．细节理解题。根据Tiger parents“虎爸虎妈”中的信息They are strict with their children. 他们对孩子很严格。可知，虎爸虎妈对待孩子很严格，故答案选C。
27．细节理解题。根据Dolphin parents“海豚式父母”中的信息They make sure their kids get enough sleep and exercise.他们确保他们的孩子得到足够的睡眠和锻炼。可知海豚式父母通常希望他们的孩子得到足够的锻炼，故答案选D。
28．细节理解题。根据Helicopter parents“直升机式父母”中的信息Many people think these parents should give their children more freedom(自由). 很多人认为这些父母应该给孩子更多的自由。可知如果你有直升机式的父母，你可能会得到更少的自由，故答案选A。
29．细节理解题。根据Lawnmower parents“割草机式父母”中的信息Like a lawnmower that cuts grass, they get rid of(去除) all difficulties for their children. 就像割草机割草一样，他们为孩子摆脱了一切困难。可知，割草机式父母，他们会为孩子摆脱一切困难，故答案选B。
30．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要向我们介绍了一些流行的育儿方式：虎爸虎妈、海豚式父母、直升机式父母、割草机式父母。结合选项A. Kids and parents孩子和父母；B. How parents get on with kids父母和孩子相处得怎么样；C. Everyone has their own parents每个人都有自己的父母；D. Different ways of parenting不同的育儿方式。可知D选项符合题意，故答案选D。
31．B 32．C 33．D 34．D 35．B
【分析】许多孩子不喜欢自己的父母，认为父母总是告诉孩子们应该做什么，不应该做什么。本文分析了一些父母在孩子眼里为什么这么不友好的原因，并介绍了与父母相处的方法。
31．细节理解题。根据“One of the biggest problems is when someone becomes a parent, he/she likes worrying about things”，可知，作者认为作为父母最大问题之一就是为自己的孩子所忧虑，故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“All these things are part of your life. They want you to grow up healthily and happily”，可知，父母做的所有事情都是希望孩子们能够健康开心地成长，故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据“Phone them if you stay somewhere else late so that your parents don't call every hospital in the phone book looking for you”，可知，如果回家比平常晚，我们应该打电话给父母，以免他们担心，故选D。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Most of all, try to think about why your parents do this or do that…”，可知，父母所做的一切都是为了孩子，因为他们非常爱自己的孩子，作为孩子要理解自己的父母，故选D。
35．最佳标题。本文围绕“父母和孩子之间的关系”展开描述，告诉我们应该理解父母，所以最适合本文的标题是“如何与父母相处”，故选B。
36．C 37．D 38．B 39．A 40．E
【分析】生活中我们有很多想做的事情，但有时候却很难到达终点。怎样才能改掉坏习惯，养成好习惯呢？文章中列举了一些学生们不好的习惯，并对如何改掉这些习惯提出了建议。
36．上句话“How can you break your bad habits and develop good ones ”提出问题，下句话“Here are a few opinions we often get from kids, followed by ideas that might help.”引出文章主旨。C选项也提出了问题，与上面的问题衔接，符合语境。故选C。
37．根据下句话“If you usually spend time lying on the sofa and watching TV programs or a video when you're bored, go somewhere else instead.”可知，想要改掉总是躺在沙发上看电视的习惯，就去别的地方。D选项“要改变一种习惯，试着改变你花费时间的地方”符合语境，故选D。
38．根据下文“Start with "showing up. " Then take one small step or do one tiny task, followed by another and another.”可知，这个是建议学生们从“到场”开始，然后完成一个小任务，接着再做另一件、另一件。由此可猜测，这个做法应该是针对那些不能完成一个大目标的学生的。故选B。
39．根据语境“Starting with a super-simple step often helps. Why It's easy, quick, and gets you in action.”可知，先从简单的步骤开始，接下来要继续采取步骤，一步一步，最后才能实现目标。A选项符合语境，故选A。
40．根据上文“Take a look at the choices you make about how you spend time. Do those choices show what's important to you Can you spare 10 minutes a day to work on a goal ”可知，这个建议是看看你如何支配时间，这些选择是否表明什么对你来说是重要的？这里用想成为歌手举例，那就要问问自己“是练习唱歌重要，还是玩游戏重要”，E选项符合语境，故选E。
41．Who invented the airplane/Who was the airplane invented by
【详解】发明：invent；飞机：airplane。由语境可知，句子是一般过去时。句子可以用主动语态表示，主语是who，谓语是invented，宾语是airplane，即：Who invented the airplane“谁发明的飞机”；句子也可以用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是：was/were + done，主语是“the airplane”，be动词用was，变成疑问句be动词提前，引出动作发出者用介词by，即：Who was the airplane invented by“飞机是被谁发明的”。故填Who invented the airplane/Who was the airplane invented by。
42．What's the lock made of
【详解】提问材料用特殊疑问词what；锁：lock；因为锁能看出原材料，所以用“be made of”表示“由……制成”；由于“lock”是单数，be动词用is；“锁由……制成”用英语表达为“the lock is made of”，因为特殊疑问词后接一般疑问句，所以be动词is要提前，What is常缩写为What's，故填What's the lock made of
43．What is paper made from
【详解】询问材料用特殊疑问词What；纸：paper；由于纸看不出原材料，所以用“be made from”来表示“由……制成”；又因为paper为不可数名词，be动词用is，故填What is paper made from
44．What are chopsticks used for
【详解】询问用途用特殊疑问词what；筷子：chopsticks；用作……：use for。由于筷子是被用，询问用途是一般现在时，所以句子要用一般现在时的被动语态，即谓语动词要变成“be +动词过去分词”的形式，由于“chopsticks”是复数，be动词用are，use的过去分词为used；“筷子被用作”的英语表达为“chopsticks are used for”，因为特殊疑问词后接一般疑问句，be动词are要提前，故填What are chopsticks used for
45．When and where was the laptop invented
【详解】询问何时何地用特殊疑问词when and where；笔记本：laptop；发明：invent。由于笔记本是过去被发明，所以句子要用一般过去时的被动语态，即谓语动词要变成“was/were +动词过去分词”的形式，由于“laptop”是单数，选用was，invent的过去分词为invented；“笔记本被发明”用英语表达为“the laptop was invented”，因为特殊疑问词后接一般疑问句，be动词was要提前，故填When and where was the laptop invented
46．spent 47．become 48．sent up 49．on 50．safely 51．and 52．21-hour 53．everything 54．at 55．proud
【分析】本文介绍了杨利伟在辽宁省出生，在1987年成为一名空军飞行员，花了五年时间成为一名宇航员。在2003年，他乘坐神舟五号进入太空，并在第二天安全归来。
46．句意：他在空中度过了1350小时。从全文可知，应用一般过去时。spend的过去式为spent。故答案为spent。
47．句意：他花了五年时间才成为一名宇航员。It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.意为“某人做某事花费多长时间”。结合语境可知，他用了五年的时间才成为一名宇航员。因此用动词become，to后跟动词原形。故答案为become。
48．句意：2003年10月15日上午9点，中国神舟五号将杨利伟送入太空。主语Yang Liwei与谓语动词短语“送”之间是被动关系，所以此处应填过去分词形式。故答案为sent up。
49．句意：2003年10月15日上午9点，中国神舟五号将杨利伟送入太空。由音标提示可知填：on。在具体的日期前用介词on。所以答案为：on。
50．句意：他在第二天的上午6:23安全地返回。come back是动词短语，应用副词修饰。safe的副词为safely。故答案为safely。
51．句意：第二天早上6点23分，他安全返回，使中国成为继苏联和美国之后第三个成功地将人送入太空的国家。肯定句中用and表并列。所以答案为：and。
52．句意：杨利伟在太空旅行21小时后返回地球。空格前有不定冠词a，后面有名词trip，所以要填形容词短语，数词+连字符+名词单数形式。所以答案为：21-hour。
53．句意：在太空中，杨利伟不仅记录了他所看到的一切，还向在家看电视的人们展示了中国国旗和联合国国旗。结合语境可知，在太空中，杨利伟应该是记录了他所看到的一切。因此答案为：everything。
54．句意：在太空中，杨利伟不仅记录了他所看到的一切，还向在家看电视的人们展示了中国国旗和联合国国旗。根据the people who watch on TV ___9___ home. 可知，应该是在家看电视的人们。因此填at，at home“在家”的意思。故答案为at。
55．句意：所有中国人都为我们的第一位宇航员杨利伟感到骄傲。are是系动词，后面应该是形容词，结合语境可知，杨利伟是我们的第一位宇航员，因此所有中国人都为他感到骄傲。be proud of“以……自豪”的意思。所以答案为：proud。
【点睛】短文填空题，是最近这几年英语的常考题型之一。该题型旨在考查考生的基础知识的熟练程度、对语篇整体的把握和理解能力、能够灵活运用语法和词汇知识的能力以及综合运用英语语言的能力。做这类试题时，首先就要通读短文，围绕中心意思，全盘综合考虑来确定词义；同时，还要注意语篇中名词的单复数形式、短语动词的固定搭配、主谓语人称和数的一致、谓语动词的时态和语态以及非谓语动词的运用等语法知识的使用。
短文填空题的解题技巧。
一、纵观全文，抓住关键词，遵循语义适用原则。
解题技巧1：根据前后句的意思，推敲所需要填写的单词。
二、注重句子结构、词语搭配、句型结构以及人称、时态、语态的变化，遵循正确的语法规则。
解题技巧2：名词前面，若没有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词)，很可能是填限定词。
解题技巧3：名词或代词在句中不做主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面，一定是填介词。
解题技巧4：形容词前面应填系动词，系动词后面则填形容词。
解题技巧5：若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词，有逗号隔开，则考虑填转折连词；没分号，考虑填并列连词或从属连词。
解题技巧6：熟练最常见的固定的搭配和固定句式结构。
解题技巧7：根据语篇的语态或时态，填写单词的正确的形式。
三、总结
对于如何提高短文填空的准确率，考生除了具备一定的词汇能力，关键是还要掌握并能熟练运用我们在整个初中所学的语法知识。俗话说：“熟能生巧。”考生只要在平常多练，并及时归纳方法和掌握答题技巧，一定能提高短文填空的得分率。
56．Smoking is bad for health/teeth/lungs./It’s bad for us to smoke. 57．If it is sunny tomorrow, I will go to play soccer with my friend. 58．There is a boy running on the street. 59．Tom usually goes fishing on weekends. 60．Tina’s hair is longer than Mary’s./Tina has longer hair than Mary.
【解析】56．根据图片以及所给词，可知本句应表达为“吸烟对健康/牙齿/肺等不好。”描述的一般情况，用一般现在时。be bad for sth.“对……不好”，主语smoking，谓语动词用单三is，介词宾语是health/teeth/lungs，即：Smoking is bad for health/teeth/lungs.。句子可以用it形式主语结构：It’s adj. for sb. to do sth.，即It’s bad for us to smoke.故答案为Smoking is bad for health/teeth/lungs./It’s bad for us to smoke.
57．根据图片以及所给词，可知本句应表达为“如果明天天气晴朗，我要去和我朋友踢足球。”句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句是I will go to play soccer with my friend，从句是if it is sunny tomorrow。故答案为If it is sunny tomorrow, I will go to play soccer with my friend.
58．根据图片以及所给词，可知本句应表达为“有一个小男孩在街上跑。”There be sb. doing sth.“有某人正在做某事”，状语on the street放句尾，句子表述的是现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语是a boy，be动词用is。故答案为There is a boy running on the street.
59．根据图片以及所给词，可知本句应表达为“汤姆通常在周末去钓鱼。”句子是一般情况，用一般现在时，主语是Tom，动词用单三goes，频率副词usually放实意动词之前，时间状语on weekends放句尾。故答案为Tom usually goes fishing on weekends.
60．根据图片以及所给词，可知本句应表达为“蒂娜的头发比玛丽的长。”句子是两者之间的比较，用形容词的比较级，时态用一般现在时，主语是Tina’s hair，系动词is，表语longer，比较词than，比较对象Mary’s，即：Tina’s hair is longer than Mary’s.；主语也可用Tina，谓语has，宾语是hair，定语是longer，比较词是than，比较对象是Mary，即：Tina has longer hair than Mary.故答案为Tina’s hair is longer than Mary’s./Tina has longer hair than Mary.
61．例文：
Think before you search online
Some students now have a new use for the Internet—helping them with their homework. But different people have different ideas about it.
Some students agree with it. They sometimes don't know the answers to the questions, so they have to turn to the Internet. They think they can learn from other people. At the same time, it's easy and it saves time.
However, not all the students welcome this. Many students think simply copying the answers won't improve their abilities and it may make students stop thinking.
I think students should first think over the questions by themselves. If we use the Internet properly, it could be a good way to study.
【详解】1.题干解读：该题属于材料作文，表格中信息为写作要点，主要包括三部分：①赞成者的观点；②反对者的观点；③自己的观点（至少两点）。注意文章字数限制在90词左右。
2.写作指导：在介绍别人观点时用第三人称，在说明自己观点时用第一人称。文章时态用一般现在时。由于文章主要内容是陈述三方的观点，为使文章内容简洁明了，每一方的观点安排一个段落。文章完成后注意检查语法、单词拼写和标点。
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答案第1页，共2页