Unit 2 Topic 1 Pollution has caused too many problems 测试卷（B卷）（含解析）

Unit 2 Topic 1 Pollution has caused too many problems
（测试时间：60分钟）
一. 单项选择 从下列各题所给的四个个选项中，选出最佳答案.
1．So far, the number of people using 5G mobile phones __________ a lot.
A．is increasing B．are increasing C．has increased D．have increased
2．The government has done________ to stop the pollution, so the air becomes fresh again.
A．useful something B．useful nothing
C．something useful D．anything useful
3．Bella, a young singer,_________ on January, 2015 because of cancer. Her death made us very sad.
A．has been dead B．has died C．died D．dead
4．Noise is also a kind of pollution, and it ________ human’s hearing.
A．is harm for B．does harm to C．does harmful to D．is harmful for
5．Working in strong light for a long time makes people feel terrible and is ________bad for eyes.
A．really B．specially C．actually D．especially
6．Nowadays our government is trying to solve all sorts of environmental problem, _________noise pollution.
A．and B．for example C．including D．as well
7．—May I speak to Mr. Wang
—Sorry. He isn’t in.He ________ Beijing for a week.
A．has been to B．has gone to C．has been in D．has gone in
8．________ of the land in the city is covered with trees and grass..
A．Two five B．Two fifth C．Second five D．Two fifths
9．—Jim always puts his things everywhere.
—Look. His room is really a ________.
A．shame B．condition C．pain D．mess
10．— Oh, I forget to bring my umbrella.
— I’ve got one. You can share ________.
A．yours B．ours C．mine D．my
二．完形填空 阅读短语，从所给四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
One day an angel(天使) came across three peas. She said she could help each of them 11 a dream.
The first pea wanted to fly in the sky, and the second one’s wish was to swim in the sea. The third one said it had been 12 going to a place where it could bring happiness to others. The angel 13 them where they wanted to go. The first pea fell into the ground after a long flight and was eaten by a hen. The second one sank into the sea and had to stay in the darkness lonely all its life. The third one flew into a flower pot(花盆) whose 14 was a poor little girl. Having been ill for a long time, she was very 15 and couldn’t go outside.
One day, when the little girl was walking as usual in the house, she 16 a small pea plant in the flower pot. 17 the plant only had two tiny leaves, it seemed to be cheerful. When a light 18 came, it danced and seemed to be encouraging the girl to cheer up. “I will grow up like this plant and I will be better soon.” She said in a confident voice. From then on,the girl stayed beside the little pea plant watched it and talked with it. Day by day the plant grew taller and taller, and 19 the little girl became better and better. Finally, the pea plant said, “Look! My dream has come true and I feel I’m the happiest pea in the world!” The angel smiled, “Only the dream that can help others will bring 20 in return.
11．A．explain B．design C．have D．achieve
12．A．catching up with B．looking forward to C．taking part in D．coming up with
13．A．sent B．brought C．showed D．imagined
14．A．owner B．volunteer C． maker D．player
15．A．sad B．weak C．fat D．serious
16．A．looked B．noticed C．knocked D．grew
17．A．When B．Since C．Though D．If
18．A．wind B．rain C．storm D．cloud
19．A．suddenly B．certainly C．normally D．slowly
20．A．happiness B．illness C．agreement D．difficulty
三．阅读理解 阅读短文，从所给A,B,C,D是个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
There are some easy things you can do to protect the environment and the earth. Choose ideas from the list or come up with a few of your own.
·Plant flowers, grass or trees.
·Whenever you visit a park or beach, take away what you bring there—keep rubbish in a bag until you can put it in a dustbin.
·Turn off the lights and TV sets when you leave the room. This can save a lot of electricity.
·Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run. Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.
·Keep the doors and windows closed in winter to keep warm air in.
·Give your old books and magazines to a library instead of throwing them away.
·Give your old clothes to poor children you know instead of throwing them away.
·Use both sides of paper.
·Stop pouring dirty water into the rivers or lakes nearby.
·Encourage all your friends to do the same things you do to help protect the earth. You don’t have to wait until Earth Day to do these things. Make every day Earth Day. If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.
21．From the above, we know that this is _____.
A．a sign B．a proposal (倡议书)
C．an advertisement D．a notice
22．The writer tells us _____.
A．to throw rubbish in to a dustbin
B．to pour dirty water into the rivers
C．to save water by not letting it run while brushing our teeth
D．that we can’t do all these things until Earth Day
23．We can _____ to save paper.
A．use a paper cup
B．use both sides of paper
C．give old books to a library
D．pick up waste paper at a school
24．Which of the following is wrong according to the writer
A．Turn off the lights when you leave the room.
B．Close the doors and windows in winter.
C．Use a paper cup when you brush your teeth.
D．Give your old clothes to the poor children.
25．What’s the best title of the passage
A．Protect the Earth
B．Save Water and Electricity
C．Make Better Use of Old Things
D．Save Money
B (2019广东肇庆端州区期中)
The earth is 4,600 million years old. Man lives on the earth for only 35,000 years. But we change our earth in many ways. Many things we do are good, but some are not good for the earth.
Water pollution
A lot of people, birds and fish die each day because of water pollution. Factories have polluted the land and the water. As a result, many rivers and lakes are now dead about 4,600 million years old. Modern man has lived in the earth for only 35,000 years, but during that time, we have changed our planet in many ways. Many of the things that we have done are good, but more are not good for the earth.
Air pollution
In big cities, factories, as well as cars, trucks and bus are the main cause of air pollution. Many people in cities now have serious health problems. For example, Mexico city used to be a beautiful sunny capital, but today it is always covered by thick brown cloud.
Soil pollution
In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields. That’s bad for the soil. But this kind of pollution is difficult to stop.
Hope for the future
These problems are very serious for our future, so all of us should do something to improve our environment. If we can stop pollution, our planet will become more and more beautiful and our health will be better. Let’s be greener people!
26．_______ have made the earth change a lot.
A．Human beings B．Animals C．Plants D．People in other planets
27．There are _______ kinds of pollution in this passage.
A．two B．three C．four D．five
28．Pollution isn’t a big problem now, is it
A．Yes, it is. B．No. it isn’t. C．Yes, there is. D．No, there isn’t.
29．Which sentence is NOT right according to the passage
A．Most of things that we have done are good for our planet.
B．We must stop the factories from pouring waste water into the rivers and lakes.
C．Because of water pollution, many rivers and lakes are now dead.
D．Water pollution is very serious nowadays.
30．Which sentence is right
A．Though Mexico city is always covered by thick brown clouds, it's still a beautiful sunny capital.
B．Air pollution can make people sick.
C．Now fewer farmers use chemicals in the fields.
D．Factories, cars, trucks and buses are the main cause of soil pollution.
C
On February 9th, 2013, Sarah Darling was walking along the street when she met a homeless man named Billy Ray Harris. She reached into her change purse, emptied out all the coins she had and gave them to the homeless man. Neither of them realized that this small generous act would change their lives.
Sarah didn’t realize that she had given Billy not only all her change but also her diamond ring that she had put in her change purse earlier until the next morning. She had her husband, Bill, rushed to see if they could find Billy. The homeless man was not only in the same place, but also immediately returned the ring. The grateful couple paid him back for his honesty by emptying out their pockets of all the money they had.
Bill, a web designer, felt that he needed to do something more for this amazingly honest man. So on February 18th, he set up a special page to raise money for him. In just four days, Billy received over ＄85000 and there seems to be no end yet.
That is not enough. Billy is living with a person who is generous instead of living in the streets. And that’s not all—thanks to the news report, he got together again with his older brother, Edwin Harris who he had been unable to find for 27 years.
All the good luck is just because Billy did the right thing – returning something that did not belong to him.
31．When did Sarah realize that she had also given Billy her diamond ring
A．On February 9th, 2013. B．On February 10th, 2013.
C．On February 18th, 2013. D．On February 22nd, 2013.
32．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage
A．Billy has found his brother. B．Billy bought a diamond ring.
C．Billy appeared in the news report. D．Billy is living with a generous person.
33．The underlined word “That” in Paragraph 4 refers to “ _________”.
A．returning the ring B．setting up a page
C．living in the streets D．receiving money
34．What’s the main idea of this passage
A．A kind man set up special page.
B．Many people donated much money.
C．A homeless man returned diamond ring.
D．A generous woman changed her own life.
35．From this story, we know that _______.
A．life not that easy
B．We should always help old people.
C．helping others is helping ourselves
D．helping those in trouble is sometimes not necessary
D
阅读短文后，从五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。
In order to make our city cleaner, our school suggests that students help make less pollution, so now they all join environment clubs. 36
Here are the things students often do.
37 Do you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty tons of water an hour In a year, that would fill a small river! In environment clubs. Students mend those broken toilets.
38 On a no-car day, nobody comes to school in a car—neither the students nor the teachers! Cars put pollution in the air, so remember: walk, jump, bike or run. Use your legs! There’s lots of fun!
39 How much litter do you throw away at lunch Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose the classes that make the least garbage to report them to the whole school!
We love our environment. 40 Please come and join us.
A．No-car Day.
B．Turn off the water.
C．Let’s work together to make it cleaner!
D．Students work together to keep the environment clean in the club.
E．No-garbage lunches.
四．情景交际 根据情景提示，完成下列各题。
41．你告诉你的朋友过去这条河很干净,可以这样说:
42．当你发现你们种的花和草都不见了，马上报告给老师，你可以这样说：
43．你生病了，老师关切地问你有没有看过医生，可以这样问：
44．你告诉小朋友，光污染对眼睛有害，可以这样说：
Light pollution .
45．当你出差回来,看到家里乱成一团,可以这样说:
五．短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使用短文意思完整、行文连贯. (2017福州屏东中学月考)
What is pollution Dirty air, waste water, 46 [ l t (r)] and other dirty things are all pollution. We can see some of 47 (pollute), but others we can’t. Yet we’re eating it, drinking it and 48 (breathe ) it most of the time. People have 49 ( create) lots of pollution and you can see it almost everywhere on the planet, even far-away places like the Arctic which are 50 ( bad) polluted by harmful chemicals made by people.
Scientist have found the chemicals in the bodies of polar bears(北极熊), seals(海豹)and the people who live with them. Pollution is 51 (harm)to many living things. It has killed many 52 (animal )and made others sick. It has also killed people and made them ill, too. There's nowhere on the planet left 53 pollution, even at the bottom (海底) of the sea or high up in the air. Pollution has caused many problems and the government of many countries are trying to 54 [s lv] them. With less pollution our world will be better, 55 please protect our environment.
Let’s work together to make our world more beautiful.
六．看图写句子
56． harmful environment
57． noise make
58． no cut
59． badly pollute
60．save energy instead of
七．书面表达 根据提示写一篇70词左右的短文。
61．1.你家乡最常见的污染是什么？
2.这些污染是怎样产生的？
3.它对人们有什么危害？
4.你有什么建议来减少这些污染？
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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参考答案：
1．C
【详解】句意：到目前为止，使用5G手机的人数增加了很多。
考查现在完成时。increase增加。根据题干中时间状语“So far”可知句子要用现在完成时，排除AB；再由主语中有“the number of ...”表示“……的数量”，可知助动词用has而不用have，排除D。故选C。
2．C
【详解】句意：政府做了一些有益的事情来阻止污染，所以空气又变得新鲜了。
考查形容词修饰不定代词后置。something某物，某事；nothing没什么；anything任何动词，用在否定句和疑问句中；根据后句可知政府做了有用的事情，用something，排除BD；根据形容词修饰不定代词要置后，排除A。故选C。
3．C
【详解】句意：年轻歌手Bella因癌症于2015年1月去世。她的死使我们很伤心。
考查动词时态。on January, 2015“在2015年一月”是过去时间，故用一般过去时。die动词，死，过去式是died。故选C。
4．B
【详解】句意：噪音也是一种污染，它对人的听力有害。
考查动词短语。根据“Noise is also a kind of pollution,” 噪音也是一种污染，可知它对人的听力有害；“对……有害”英文表达是do harm to…或be harmful to…，只有B选项符合题意，故选B。
5．D
【详解】句意：在强光下工作太长时间使人感觉不舒服，尤其对眼睛不好。
考查副词辨析。really事实上；specially特意；actually实际上；especially尤其。根据前句“Working in strong light for a long time makes people feel terrible”，在强光下工作太长时间使人感觉不舒服，后句是强调特别对眼睛不好，所以用especially，故选D。
6．C
【详解】句意：现在我们的政府正在努力解决各种各样的环境问题，包括噪音污染。
考查介词。and“和，又”；和as well“也，还”，所连接的短语和前面是并列。for example“例如”，举例子，后加句子；但“environmental problem, ________noise pollution.”是包含关系，这里用including“包括”。故选C。
7．C
【详解】句意：——我可以和王先生讲话吗？——对不起。他不是在。他已经在北京呆了一个星期了。
动词短语辨析。has been to意为“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了；has gone to意为“到某地去”，说话时该人不在现场；has been in意为“在某地呆了多少时间”，常与一段时间段状语连用；has gone in消失在……；根据时间状语“for a week”可知，此处指“在北京呆了一个星期”。故选C。
8．D
【详解】句意：这个城市五分之二的土地被树木和草覆盖着。
考查分数表达方式。分数表达方法： 基数词+ 序数词，基数词作分子，序数词做分母， 如果分子（基数词）是大于1，分母（序数词）要变成复数，表示“五分之二”用two fifths。故选D。
9．D
【详解】句意：——吉姆总是把他的东西到处乱放。——看，他的房间真是一团糟。
考查名词辨析。shame羞耻；condition条件；pain疼痛；mess杂乱、混乱。根据上文吉姆总是把东西到处放，可知他的房间应该是很乱，所以mess符合题意，故选D。
10．C
【详解】句意：——哦，我忘了带伞了。——我有一把。你可以分享我的。
考查代词辨析。yours你的、名词性物主代词；ours 我们的、名词性物主代词；mine 我的、名词性物主代词；my我的、形容词性物主代词；根据“I’ve got one”可知，此处指“可以共用我的伞”，空格后无名词，所以用名词性物主代词mine，故选C。
11．D 12．B 13．A 14．A 15．B 16．B 17．C 18．A 19．D 20．A
【分析】本文主要讲述了一个天使帮助三粒豌豆实现自己梦想的故事。本文告诉我们只有能够帮助别人的梦想才能回报以幸福。
11．句意：她说她可以帮助他们每个豌豆实现梦想。explain解释；design设计；have拥有；achieve实现。根据“a dream”梦想，结合选项可知，天使可以帮助实现（achieve）梦想。故选D。
12．句意：第三个豌豆说，他们一直期待着去一个能给别人带来幸福的地方。catch up with赶上；look forward to盼望；take part in参加；come up with想出。根据“going to a place where it could bring happiness to others”再结合选项可推测，句子说的是：盼望着去一个地方。look forward to“盼望”。故选B。
13．句意：天使把他们送到他们想去的地方。sent送，派；brought带来；showed展示；imagined想象。因为前文谈到天使帮助每个豌豆实现梦想，可知，这里说的是：天使把它们送到（send）它们想去的地方。故选A。
14．句意：第三个豌豆飞到一个花盆里，花盆的主人是一个可怜的小女孩。owner主人；volunteer志愿者；maker生产者；player运动员。根据“The third one flew into a flower pot(花盆) ”可推测，花盆里的花是由人来养殖的，再结合空格后的“was a poor little girl.”可知，花盆的主人（owner）是一个可怜的小女孩。故选A。
15．句意：她很虚弱，不能出去。sad伤心的；weak虚弱的；fat肥胖的；serious严重的。根据“Having been ill for a long time”可知，因为生病，她很虚弱（weak）。故选B。
16．句意：一天，当小女孩像往常一样在屋里散步时，她注意到花盆里有一株小豌豆。looked看；noticed注意；knocked敲；grew种植。上文谈到了第三个豌豆飞进了花盆，可知，句子说的是：小女孩注意到（notice）花盆里的小豌豆。故选B。
17．句意：虽然这株植物只有两片小叶，但它看起来很欢快。when什么时候；since自从；though虽然；if如果。根据句子中的“only had two tiny leaves”以及“it seemed to be cheerful”的关系可知，空格上的词填“though”合适。故C。
18．句意：微风吹来时，它翩翩起舞。wind风；rain雨；storm暴风雨；cloud云。根据后文的“it danced”可推测，前面说的是：轻微的风（wind）吹来。故选A。
19．句意：慢慢地，小女孩变得越来越好。suddenly突然；certainly当然；normally正常地；slowly慢慢地。本空格缺少一个副词，根据“I will grow up like this plant and I will be better soon.” 可推测，随着这株植物的一天天变好，这个小女孩也慢慢地（slowly）变好。故选D。
20．句意：只有帮助别人的梦想才会带来幸福。happiness幸福；illness疾病；agreement同意；difficulty困难。根据第三粒豌豆说的话“Look! My dream has come true and I feel I’m the happiest pea in the world!”，第三粒豌豆帮助小女孩重新获得了健康，它帮助别人的梦想已经实现，给它带来快乐（happiness）。故选A。
21．B 22．C 23．B 24．C 25．A
【分析】试题分析：本篇文章是保护环境的一则倡议书。
21．综合理解题。本篇文章是保护环境的一则倡议书。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run.可知当你刷牙的时候，关闭水龙头叫水不要流，可以节约用水。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据Use both sides of paper.可知我们可以用纸的两面来节约用纸，所以选B。
24．细节理解题。根据Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run. Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.可知当你刷牙的时候用玻璃杯代替纸杯因为可以节约纸，所以选C。
25．综合理解题。本篇文章是保护环境的一则倡议书。故选A。
26．A 27．B 28．A 29．A 30．B
【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了人类造成水污染、空气污染和土壤污染的原因以及对地球造成的危害。倡议人们要更环保、停止污染，保护我们的地球，这样，我们的健康也会更好，地球会更美丽。
26．细节理解题。根据第一段“Man lives on the earth for only 35,000 years. But we change our earth in many ways”可知，人类在很多方面改变了地球。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据“… Water pollution … Air pollution … Soil pollution… ”可知，文中介绍水污染、空气污染和土壤污染，共三种污染。故选B。
28．细节理解题。回答否定疑问句时要根据实际情况作肯、否定回答；根据第五段“Hope for the future These problems are very serious for our future…”污染问题还是非常严重的；可知此处用肯定回答。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段“Water pollution Many of the things that we have done are good, but more are not good for the earth.”我们做的许多事情都是好的，但是更多的是不好的，可知，选项A表述错误。故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据第三段“Air pollution… Many people in cities now have serious health problems”因为空气污染，城市里的很多人都有严重的健康问题；可知，空气污染会使人生病。故选B。
31．B 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．C
【分析】这篇短文主要记述了ー个人在施舍给一个乞讨者时,不小心把钻石戒指给了这个人。后来这个乞讨者归还了戒指,并因此收到一笔很大的捐款,还找到了自己失散多年的兄弟。可以说这一切都是诚实带来的好运。
31．细节理解题。根据短文的开头可知On February 9th, 2013, 在2013年2月9日的这一天，Sarah给了Billy，这个流浪汉一些零钱，她也不小心把她的钻石戒指给了他。再根据短文第二段的第一句话Sarah didn’t realize that she had given Billy not only all her change but also her diamond ring until the following morning. 可知，在第二天早上她才意识到这件事。故应该是2013年2月10号。故选B。
32．推理判断题。根据“Thanks to the news report, he got together again with his older brother”可知A选项提到了；根据“Thanks to the news report”可知C选项也提到了；根据短文中“Billy is living with a person who is generous”可知D选项在文章中提到了。B选项这句话不符合文意，这个钻石戒指是Sarah的，并不是Billy买的。故选B。
33．词义猜测题。根据文意可知，这里的that 代指的应该是前文中所提到的事情，故浏览上一段的内容可知，这里应该指的是当Billy归还了戒指之后，在Bob的努力下，人们为他捐了很多钱。故选D。
34．主旨大意题。这篇短文主要记述了ー个人在施舍给一个乞讨者时,不小心把钻石戒指给了这个人。从而由此引发的一系列故事,无家可归的人归还了戒指，并且获得了别人的帮助。故选C。
35．推理判断题。综合全文主要讲述，一个乞讨者归还了本来不属于自己的戒指,并因此收到一大笔钱，还找到了自己失散多年的兄弟。诚实帮助别人并且给自己带来好运。故选C。
36．D 37．B 38．A 39．E 40．C
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了为了使城市更干净，我们学校建议学生们减少污染。学生们一起加入环保俱乐部。
36．根据上文“so now they all join environment clubs.” 现在他们都加入了环保俱乐部，可知下文是“Students work together to keep the environment clean in the club.” 学生们一起努力保持俱乐部的环境清洁。故选D。
37．根据下文“Do you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty tons of water an hour In a year, that would fill a small river!” 你知道有些厕所一小时能浪费20到40吨水吗？一年后会填满一条小河。可知，上文是“Turn off the water”关掉水。故选B。
38．根据下文“On a no-car day, nobody comes to school in a car-neither the students nor the teachers! Cars put pollution in the air, so remember: walk, jump, bike or run.” 在没有车的日子里，没有人开车来学校，无论是学生还是老师！汽车空气污染，所以记住：走路，跳跃，骑自行车或跑步。可知上文是“No-car Day.”无车日。故选A。
39．根据下文“How much litter do you throw away at lunch Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose the classes that make the least garbage to report them to the whole school! ” 午餐时你会扔掉多少垃圾？环境俱乐部要求学生们把午餐装在袋子里，这样可以再次使用。每周他们会选择垃圾最少的班级向全校汇报！可知上文是“No-garbage lunches.” 没有垃圾午餐。故选E。
40．根据下文“Please come and join us.” 请来加入我们。可知上文是“Let’s work together to make it cleaner!” 让我们一起努力让它更干净！故选C。
41．The river used to be very clean.
【详解】结合语境，你可以说“这条河过去很干净。”主语是the river，used to do sth“过去常常做某事”，clean“干净”，形容词，前面加上系动词be构成系表结构，此处be动词用原形，very“很、非常”，副词，修饰形容词clean，be very clean“很干净的”；故填The river used to be very clean.
42．The flowers and grass have gone.
【详解】根据题干，可知你可以说“花和草都不见了。”flower“鲜花”是可数名词，此处要用复数形式flowers，grass“草”是不可数名词；由语境可知动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响和结果，因此时态用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是all the flowers and grass，助动词用have，故填The flowers and grass have gone.
43．Have you seen a doctor
【详解】根据“问你有没有看过医生”可知这里用现在完成时，其结构是“Have+主语+动词过去分词+其他？”see a doctor看医生；see的过去分词是seen。Have you seen a doctor “你看过医生了吗？”故填Have you seen a doctor
44．is harmful to eyes/does harm to eyes
【详解】句意：光污染对眼睛有害。根据情境本句时态是一般现在时，主语“Light pollution”是不可数名词（第三人称单数），可知谓语动词使用三单形式。be harmful to/do harmful to对……有害；eyes眼睛。故填is harmful to eyes/does harm to eyes。
45．What a mess!
【详解】你出差回来看到家里乱成一团，你可以这么说：真是一团糟！用感叹句形式；a mess“一团糟”；“what +（a/an）+形容词+名词+（主语+谓语）！”是感叹句的一种固定句式，用来感叹名词，这里可以省略主语和系动词it is，句子是一般现在时，故填What a mess!
46．litter 47．pollution 48．breathing 49．created 50．badly 51．harmful 52．animals 53．without 54．solve 55．so
【分析】这是一篇关于环境污染的文章。水污染、空气污染、废弃物污染，样样都无处不在，甚至北极地区都发现了有害的化学物质。许多国家都致力于解决这些污染问题。没有污染，我们的世界会更好，所以请保护我们的环境。
46．句意：污浊的空气、废水、垃圾和其他脏的东西都是污染。根据音标提示可知英文表达是litter，意为“垃圾，废弃物”，不可数名词。故填litter。
47．句意：我们可以看到一些污染，但另一些我们看不到。some of后跟可数名词复数或不可数名词；pollute的名词为pollution“污染”，是不可数名词。故填pollution。
48．句意：但我们大部分时间都在吃它，喝它，呼吸它。句中的and表示并列关系，eating和drinking都是动名词，因此breath也用动名词。故填breathing。
49．句意：人们已经制造了许多污染。根据“you can see it almost everywhere on the planet, even far-away places like the Arctic”判断，污染这件事情已经发生，时态为现在完成时，其结构是：助动词have/has+动词的过去分词。故填create的过去分词created。
50．句意：即使是遥远的地方，如北极地区，也被人类制造的有害化学物质严重污染。此处是一般现在时的被动语态，polluted是动词，因此用副词来修饰。故填badly。
51．句意：污染对许多生物有害。is是系动词，后跟形容词作表语。be harmful to“对……有害”。故填harmful。
52．句意：它杀死了许多动物，并使其他动物生病。many后跟可数名词复数。故填animals。
53．句意：地球上没有一个地方没有污染，即使是在海底或高空。根据“There's nowhere on the planet left…pollution, even at the bottom (海底) of the sea or high up in the air.”可知，这句话描述了污染的广泛性，此处需用介词without“无，没有”，此处是说没有一个地方没有污染。故填without。
54．句意：污染带来了许多问题，许多国家的政府正在努力解决这些问题。根据音标提示可知英文表达是solve，意为“解决”，动词；此处是try to do sth. 尽力做某事，需用动词原形。故填solve。
55．句意：污染越少，我们的世界就会越美好，所以请保护我们的环境。句子“With less pollution our world will be better,”与句子“please protect our environment.”之间存在着因果关系，因此需用连词so引导。故填so。
56．Cutting down trees is harmful to the environment. 57．Noise pollution can make people go deaf. 58．No cutting down trees. 59．The river has been polluted badly. 60．The boy rides a bike to save energy instead of taking a bus.
【解析】56．根据图片和“harmful environment”，可知本句应表达为“砍树对环境有害”，be harmful to意为“对……有害”，时态一般现在时；动名词cutting down trees做主语；be动词形式用is；宾语the environment；故填Cutting down trees is harmful to the environment.
57．根据图片和“noise make”，可知本句应表达为“噪音污染会使人耳聋”，时态一般现在时；主语noise pollution；谓语can make；宾语people；宾补go deaf；故填Noise pollution can make people go deaf.
58．根据图片和“no cut”，可知本句应表达为“不准砍树”，cut down trees意为“砍树”；运用“No+动名词”的结构，表禁止；故填No cutting down trees.
59．根据图片和“badly pollute”，可知本句应表达为“这条河被严重污染了”，时态是现在完成时、被动语态，其谓语动词结构为“have/ has +been+过去分词”，主语the river；谓语动词has been polluted；状语badly，置后；故填The river has been polluted badly.
60．根据图片和“save energy instead of”，可知本句应表达为“为了节省能源，这个男孩骑自行车，而不是乘公共汽车”，时态一般现在时；主语the boy；谓语rides；宾语a bike；目的状语to save energy，置于动宾结构后面，状语instead of taking a bus置于句尾；故填The boy rides a bike to save energy instead of taking a bus.
61．例文：
There are many kinds of pollution in my hometown. They are air pollution, soil pollution and noise pollution.
Burning gas, oil and coal creates air pollution, and it is harmful to eyes and lungs. Too many chemicals and litter cause soil pollution, and soil pollution causes unhealthy food. Cars and machines produce loud noise. They create noise pollution. Noise pollution does harm to hearing.
All pollution is harmful to us. What should we do We should drive cars less and farmers should use less chemicals. What’s more, we can plant more trees and factories don’t pour waste water into rivers or produce waste air.
I think our environment will become better through our efforts.
【详解】1.题干解读：本文要求按照题干提示，完成一篇短文，谈谈自己家乡常见的污染、污染的成因、污染的危害，并对如何减少污染提出建议。
2.写作指导：本文用一般现在时写作，书写时要按照按照题干提示，以“污染——污染的成因————污染的危害——减少污染提出建议”为顺序，分层次、有条理地叙述，力求文句表达完整，文句之间与层次之间的衔接自然得体。
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