Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia 模块精品备课

课件46张PPT。Module 4Module 4
Sandstorms in AsiaThe Green MovementCultural cornerthe world used to be beautifulBut now the beautiful world becomes polluted.The climate is getting worse and many animals are extinct.Work in pairs. Think of ten things we need to do to improve the environment and say why. Use these structures: We need do (plant more trees).
We must (plant more trees).
We should (plant more trees).Speaking? Turn off lights, television sets and
computers when they’re not needed.?? Use as little paper as possible.?
? Print and copy on both sides of paper.?? Use recycled paper whenever possible.?
? Leave the car at home – walk or bike
for short trips. For longer trips, take
the bus. ? Keep to the speed limit.? Driving at 100
km/hr.
? Tree planting?
? Green purchasing practices and
policiesWhat is the boy doing?1. How do countries in Europe try to improve the environment? Read the passage and answer these questions:They recycle everything, do differential collection of rubbish and have a green movement.2. Are there organizations in China
whose aim is to protect the
environment?
3. What do you know about these
organizations?Some countries are better than others at _______ _____ the environment. In Europe, Germany and the northern European countries work very hard to improve the environment. looking after Read the text again and fill in the blanks. People in countries such as _________ put their _______ into different bags–paper in one bag, ______ in another bag, etc. The garbage is then taken away and, ___ ________, recycled. Germanygarbageplastic if possibleCFCs, chemicals which are found in ___________ and aerosol cans, are not allowed. There are laws that do not allow people to burn too much coal.
In the 1970s, as people ______ more _______ environmental problems, refrigerators learnt aboutthe “Green” __________ tries to get governments to think ________ about the environment and how to look after it. It collects information about how ________ is __________ the environment and gives this information to newspapers. movementseriouslyindustry damagingDiscussion What environmental problems are
there in your hometown?
Can you make some suggestions to
the government or the public?1. The garbage is then taken away and, if
possible, recycled.
这些垃圾然后被运走, 如果可以回收利用就再进行回收利用。
if possible是 if it is possible的省略形
式。Language Points 在 if, when, while, once, where, 等引导的从句中如果含有系动词be的某种形式, 而且主从句的主语一致或从句的主语是it 时, 从句的主语和系动词be可以省略，如：
1) Be careful while/when (you are)
crossing the road.
2) I’ll go with you if (it is) necessary. 2. …chemicals which are found in
refrigerators and aerosol cans are not
allowed.
……在冰箱和液化气管里发现的这种
化学物品是禁止的，allow vt. 允许
allow + n. /pron. 允许……
allow + doing sth. 允许干某事
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人干某事
allow sb. + prep./adv. 允许e.g. 1) The law doesn’t allow such an
action.
法律不容许这种行为。
2) The police don’t allow parking in
the street.
警察不允许在街上停车。 3) The servant wouldn’t allow him
in/into the house.
仆人不让他进入房子。3. The “Green” movement tries to get
governments to think seriously about
the environment and how to look after
it.
“绿色”运动尽力使政府考虑到环境问
题的严重性及如何保护它。本句主语为The “Green” movement, 谓语为tries, to get ... it为不定式短语作宾语。其中, 又含有get sb. to do sth.结构, 表示“让某人做某事”; the environment和how to look after it作think about的宾语。4. It collects information about how
industry is damaging the environment
and gives this information to
newspapers.
它收集有关工业如何破坏环境的信息
并将这些信息提供给报社。本句主语为It, collects和gives为两个并列的谓语动词。其中, 前一部分含有一个how引导的名词性从句, 作介词about的宾语。短语学习1. 努力干某事
2. 善于干某事
3. 努力工作
4. 例如
5. 把……放入
6. 把……拿走
7. 太多
8. 在20世纪70年代try to do be good at work hard such as put … into take … away too much in the 1970s9. 全欧洲
10. 让某人干某事
11. 考虑
12. 给某人某物
13. 绿色运动
14. 浏览all over Europe get sb. to do think about give sth. to sb. the green movementlook through Describe one environmental problem and say what we should do about it.Writing1. Briefly describe this environmental problem. Here are some sentence patterns to help you.
One major environmental problem is…
There is a problem with…2. Suggest a solution. Below are some suggestions for language you can use.
We should…
We need to…
We must…
3. Write down the solution as a separate paragraph.4. Finally, write two or three sentences that summarise what you have said.
Example: One major environmental problem is cars, because they pollute the air with carbon dioxide. We need to find a cleaner way to travel. People should cycle and walk more. 如何写环保类英语短文
请根据下表提示，针对你家乡遭受沙尘暴袭击的环境问题写一篇英语短文，呼吁大家植树造林，保护环境。注意：
1. 词数：120左右，开头已经给出，但不
计入总词数；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 参考词汇：开发商 developer；过度放
牧 overgrazing
In recent years, sandstorms have struck my hometown frequently.
______________________________________________________________________【写作指导】
1. 审题与定调
该短文是关于环保话题的夹叙夹议类短文，应从以下几点入手进行写作：
①点明某一环境问题或现象；②产生的原因；③对社会和我们生活的影响；④建议、措施以及如何防治；⑤前景的预测（根据要求可省略）等。
注意：叙述过去的情况时用过去时态，提出建
议时用现在时态。 2. 确定主体内容
该表格中的内容主要反映的是作者家乡土地沙漠化导致的沙尘暴频繁肆虐的环境问题。因此要介绍清楚造成此现象的原因、后果以及如何防治。3. 审定篇章结构
全文分三段：
第一段：点出环境问题———家乡的沙
尘暴频繁（已给出）。
第二段：造成沙尘暴的原因以及后果。
第三段：提出防治措施。4. 常用表达(句式)
◆In recent years, ... have struck my
hometown frequently.
◆However, in the last few years, in order
to ..., people ...
◆What’s more, ... seriously damaged ...
too.◆As a result, these activities led to ...
of my hometown.
◆In order to stop the process of
desertification, I think we should ...
◆If so, I think our living conditions
will soon be improved.5. 范文赏析
In recent years, sandstorms have struck my hometown frequently.
My hometown used to be a beautiful place and thick forest and green grass could be seen in the area around my hometown. However, in the last few years, in order to build houses, developers cut down more and more trees and dug up grass. What’s more, farmers’ overgrazing seriously damaged the grass too.As a result, these activities led to the desertification of my hometown. Sandstorms strike us now and then, from which people suffer a lot. In order to stop the process of desertification, I think we should take good care of the forests and plant more trees instead of cutting them down. Meanwhile, the government should take measures to punish those who destroy the forests. If so, I think our living conditions will soon be improved.Designing a poster that encourages people to look after the environment.HomeworkList seven things you can do in you everyday life for environmental protection. Then design a poster that encourages people to protect the environment.课件43张PPT。Module 4Module 4
Sandstorms in AsiaGrammar: Infinitive不定式属于非限定动词。它除了不能做谓语外，在句中可以充当任何成分，可以作主语、表语、宾语、补语、定语和状语。不定式1. 作主语
往往放在谓语动词之后, 用it作形式主语, 为了避免句子头重脚轻。
e.g. To see is to believe.
It is right to give up smoking. 2. 作宾语
作宾语时如果还带有宾语补足语, 往往把不定式放在补足语之后,而用it作形式宾语。
e.g. He wanted to go.
I find it interesting to study
English. 3. 作宾语补足语
e.g. He asked me to do the work with
him.
在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make等词后的补足语中, 不定式不带to。 不定式作宾语补足语省略to的情况有下列口诀: 一感二听三让五看半帮助。
但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时, 就必须带上to。
e.g. I often hear him sing the song.
He is often heard to sing the song. 4. 作定语
e.g. I have some books for you to
read.
当作定语的不定式如果是不及物动
词, 或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词
是不定式动作的地点, 工具等时, 不
定式后面必须有相应的介词。
e.g. He is looking for a room to live in.当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时, 不定式即可以用主动语态, 也可以用被动语态。但含义有所不同。试比较:
Have you anything to send?
你有什么东西要(自己)寄吗?
Have you anything to be sent?
你有什么东西要(我或别人)寄吗?5. 作状语, 表示目的, 原因, 结果或条件
e.g. I came here to see you.
We were very excited to find nobody there.
He hurried to the school to find nobody there.
To look at him, you would like him.
目的原因结果条件6. 作表语
e.g. My job is to help the patient.
注意:主语、表语都是不定式, 前者为条件, 后者为目的或结果。
e.g. To learn a language is to use it. 不定式的时态有：一般式、进行时、完成式和完成进行式。当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式就要用被动形式。不定式的时态和语态1. 不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语的动作(状态)同时(或几乎同时)发生, 或是在它之后发生。
e.g. 主动：I’m glad to meet you.
被动：There was nothing to be
done.2. 如果谓语表示的动作发生时, 不定式表示的动作正在进行, 这时要用进行时。
e.g. I am very glad to be working with
you. 3. 如果不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前, 就要用完成时。
e.g. 主动：I’m sorry to have kept you
waiting so long.
被动：The room was said to have
been cleaned.从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以
填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. There were many talented actors out there just waiting ______.
A. to discover? B. to be discovered???????
C. discovered???? D. being discoveredHave a try2. I have a lot of readings ______ before the end of this term.??
A. completing???? ????? B. to complete???
C. completed ? ? ? ? ? ?D. being completed
3. His first book ______ next month is based on a true story.
A. published???? ?????? B. to be published?
C. to publish ? ? ? ? ? D. being published 4. With the world changing fast, we have something new ______ with all by ourselves every day.
A. deal ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. dealt
C. to deal ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. dealing
5. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ______.?
A. to be breathed ?B. to breathe
C. breathing ? ? ? ? ?D. being breathedRewrite the sentences using infinitive structures.It is dangerous to be traveling during a sandstorm. I’m travelling during a sandstorm.
It’s dangerous.2. Experts hope that they will learn
more about the movement of
thunderstorms.Experts hope to learn more about the movement of thunderstorms.3. We were told, “Don’t leave the house.”We were told not to leave the house.The work on the house needs to be completed (the work) by the end of the week.4. The men need to complete the work
on the house by the end of the week.5. It seems that most houses have
been destroyed by the storm.Most houses seem to have been destroyed by the storm.1. It is frightening ________ (walk) in
the road in a sandstorm. I hope I
reach home soon.
2. Experts hope _______ (learn) more
about the movement of sandstorms. to walk to learn Put the verbs in brackets into the correct infinitive forms. 3. I’d like __________ (tell) about the
situation before now.
4. The work needs _______________
(complete) by the end of the week.
5. My father was out of the city when the
sandstorm came. He was very glad
_____________ (miss) it. to be told to be completedto have missed 6. The building has _____________
(finish) by the end of the year.
7. ______ (see) a real sandstorm was
very frightening. to be finished To see but后不定式的情况：
※cannot help but，cannot but，cannot choose but后的不定式通常不带to，常译为“不得不”。如:but+不定式的用法She is a strange girl, yet you can’t help but like her.
When the streets are full of melting
snow, you can’t but get your shoes wet.
We can’t choose but admit that in some ways they are ahead of us. ※当but前有实义动词do时，其后的不
定式通常不带to，如:
Their car broke down on the way.
There was nothing to do but wait
for help.
Now we can do nothing but try this
method.※除上述情况外，用于but之后的不定式通常都要带to ，如：
Stuck in the heavy traffic, we had no choice but to wait.1. Sandy could do nothing but _____ to his teacher that he was wrong.
A. admit
B. admitted
C. admitting
D. to admit Let’s try some exercises2. – How did you spend your weekend,
Jone?
– I didn’t find anything interesting
for me ___ some washing instead of
my mother.
A. but did B. but do
C. but doing D. but to do 3. The students did nothing except ____ all day long.
A. played
B. playing
C. play
D. to play1. I can’t help / but hope that they will
succeed.
2. I can’t help but think / to think that it
was a mistake.
3. I can’t chose / choose but do it. Underline the correct answer. 4. He does nothing but complaining /
complain.
5. I can’t help but to love / love her.
6. The workers do nothing / not but
drink tea and talk to each other.根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. 我们只能尝试这种方法。
We ____________________ this method.
2. 我们只有面对现实。
We ______________ the reality.
3. 这个女孩别无选择只能等她妈妈回来。
The girl had _____________________
till her mother came back.can do nothing but try?????? can’t but face? no choice but to wait综 合 练 习用括号内所给动词或短语的适当形式填空。
1. I’m sorry I can’t attend your wedding,
for I have an important meeting
_______ (attend).
2. The workers were made _______
(work) over fourteen hours a day.to attendto work3. Your suit is a bit small on you. You
seem ________ (put on) weight.
4. Tom did nothing except _______
(wait) before his parents came
home.to put onto wait5. —What’s the matter with Tom?
—Oh, his cell phone was left in a taxi
accidentally, never _______ (find)
again.
6. She reached the top of the hill and
stopped ______ (rest) on a big rock
by the side of the path.to restto find7. —Did he manage ________ (carry) the
books upstairs?
—No, he wasn’t strong enough even
________ (move) them.
8. __________ (become) a teacher in a
university, you need to have a master’s
degree.to carryto moveTo becomeComplete the exercises 1, 2, 3&4 on Page 85 Homework课件49张PPT。Module 4Module 4
Sandstorms in AsiaIntroduction and Reading5Introduction Pre-readingCareful-reading4123Post-readingFast-reading6Discussion7Writing 8Homework Please look at these pictures.How beautiful they are!IntroductionBut one day something happened.There is strong, dry wind and the sky is yellow.The sand almost buries the car.What natural disaster is it? It is a __________. It is very __________.sandstormfrighteningLook at the picture below and complete the sentences using the correct form of these words. There has been a __________. It ____ _____________________ for ten hours and was very ___________. The wind ___________ the sand high around the houses, and some cars were almost completely ______ by the sand. sandstorm lasted /has been blowingfrighteningwas blowingburiedhas blow bury frightening last (v) sandstormCheck the meaning of these words and discuss these statements and decide which statements are false.1 Sandstorms begin in desert areas.
2 Deserts are created by climate
changes. dig earthquake protect sign
the Pacific Ocean3 Deserts are also crested because
people cut down trees and dig up
grass.
4 Sandstorms from Asia have blown
across the Pacific Ocean to
American.5 Sandstorms can’t be prevented.
6 The inland region has more
sandstorms than the one near the sea.The fifth is false.1. What’s the cause of sandstorm?
2. What should you do in a sandstorm to protect yourself?Discussion3. Where in China do sandstorms begin?
4. Which do you think is more dangerous, an earthquake or a sandstorm? Say why.
5. If you are in a desert, what is the first sign of a sandstorm?
6. Have you ever been in a sandstorm? If yes, describe it to your partner. The cause of sandstorm
cutting down too many trees;
desertification (沙漠化);
high temperature and little rain;
serious air and water pollution;
the growing population of the
world;
improper use of land;
rapid spread of urbanization. We shouldn’t go out.
We have to wear hoods, masks and glasses.
Cars slow down and have to turn on headlight.What we should do in a sandstorm to protect ourselves: Reading and Vocabulary
Sandstorms in AsiaCan you guess the words from these definition?1. to ride a bicycle ________
2. someone who knows a lot about
a particular subject __________cycle expertPre-reading4. someone who lives in a particular
town or country __________citizen5. very small bits of dirt or earth, on
the ground or in the air ________dust3. things that happen one after another,
and have a result _________process7. to say what will happen ___________
8. everything that is happening at a
particular time ___________forecastsituation6. to continue to live after a difficult or
dangerous situation or event
________surviveLook at the photos. Read the text quickly and answer the questions. Fast-reading2. What is the cyclist wearing and
why?1. What is happening? There is a sandstorm blowing. They’re wearing hoods, masks and glasses to protect themselves.3. What do you think happens to traffic in this situation? Why?It moves very slowly. Because it is not clear to see everything on the road and people must take great care.Stay at home.4. What do you think experts advise
people to do in this situation?Find the main idea of each paragraph.Para.1
Para.2
Para.3
Para.4
Para.5
Para.6A. the description of sandstorms
B. the influence of sandstorms to Beijing.
C. the measures the government takes to prevent sandstormsD. Sandstorms have been a major disaster in Asia for centuries.
E. the suggestions the weather experts give to people
F. the cause of the sandstorms in the northwest China.Para.1
Para.2
Para.3
Para.4
Para.5
Para.6I. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.1.?Sandstorms are strong winds carrying ___________ through the air.
A. dirt and mud
B. rain and heat
C. sand and dust
D. cloud and snow Careful-reading2. What do the experts advise people to do when a sandstorm arrives in the city?
A. Don’t go out
B. Don’t wear masks.
C. Don’t go to work as usual.
D. Don’t ride bicycles 3. The factors that cause land to be desert are ______.
A. cutting down trees.
B. digging up grass
C. climate changes
D. all of the above4. From the last paragraph we know ____.
A. the government won’t plant trees any
more in five years
B.?the distance between the desert and the
center of Beijing is only 250 kilometers
C. more than 30 million trees have been
planted in Beijing
D. the government is taking measures to
prevent sandstormsII. Complete the following chart.strong, dry winds that carry sand Central Africa and Australiadesertification thick dust surprisingA mass campaignmore than 30 billioncontinue plantingIII. Read Sandstorms in Asia again. Complete these sentences.The winds in a sandstorm can sometimes _______________________
_______.
When Ren Jianbo was living in Inner Mongolia ________________________
______________. prevent you from seeing the sun he experienced a terrible sandstorm3. Sandstorms in China appear to have increased _______________________.
4. Cutting down trees and digging up grass can ________________________
______________________. because of desertification cause deserts and sandstorms to increase5. Traffic moved very slowly because
_____________________.
6. The government is planting trees to
the west of Beijing to _____________
_____________________.the drivers cannot see prevent the
Desert coming nearerComplete these sentences using words from Sandstorms in Asia. The first letter is provided for you.1. Weather experts have f_______ another big sandstorm in a week’s time.
2. It’s f__________ to be outside in a sandstorm. orecastrightening Post-reading3. I was in a very big sandstorm some years ago. Luckily, everyone s_______.
4. There’s a lot of d___ on the floor. We need to sweep it away.
5. Desertification is a long p______ that takes many years.
6. Many Beijing c______ cycle to work. urvivedustrocessitizensWhat measures should we take to prevent sandstorms coming?Discussion1. We should plant more trees and grow
more grass.
2. Control air and water pollution.
3. Build green fences along the desert.
4. Forecast sandstorm’s real time to
prevent disaster.Summary5. Establish sandstorm data bank and
collect information about sandstorms.
6. All countries should join hands to
propose a plan in sandstorms
control and prevention. 请根据以下提示, 针对山东北部遭受沙尘暴袭击的情况, 向报社投稿, 呼吁大家植树造林, 保护环境。
1. 过去家乡树木成林。
2. 如今人们毁林种地建房。
3. 气候变化, 土地沙漠化。writing4. 植树造林, 人人有责。
Dear Editor,
I’m a student at a Shandong middle
school …Dear Editor,
I’m a student at a Shandong middle school. My hometown used to be a beautiful place. Thick forest and green grass could be seen everywhere. However, because of climate changes, it rains little now. 范文赏析In order to build houses and grow more crops, people there cut down more and more trees. As time went on, the forests were seriously destroyed. As a result, sandstorms struck us now and then, from which people suffered a lot. To prevent the process of desertification, I hope that all the people take good care of the forest and plant more trees instead of cutting them down. Then our living conditions will soon be improved. Homework1. Find more information about
sandstorms on the internet or other
books and write a short passage
about sandstorms.
2. Design a poster that encourages
people to protect the environment.Thank you!课件61张PPT。Module 4Module 4
Sandstorms in AsiaLanguage points 1) 类似的形容词还有:
exciting, interesting, disappointing,
puzzling, surprising, shocking,
astonishing, moving, amusing,
boring, encouraging, delighting,
inspiring, pleasing, tiring, worrying 等。1. frightening adj. 令人害怕的, 令人恐怖的类似的还有:
excited, interested, disappointed, puzzled, surprised, shocked, astonished, moved, amused, bored, encouraged, delighted, inspired, pleased, tired, worried等。2) 与frightening 对应的形容词是frightened “感到害怕的, 感到恐惧的”。1. Mr. Smith, ________ of the ________
speech, started to read a novel.
A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored
C. tired, bored D. tiring, boring 由于Mr. Smith对那个令人厌烦的演讲感到厌倦, 他开始读起了小说。　巩固练习2. It’s believed that if a book is _____, it will surely _______ the readers.
A. interested, interest
B. interesting, be interested
C. interested, be interesting
D. interesting, interest 人们认为要是一本书有趣的话, 那么它肯定会使读者感兴趣。　3. The headmaster is really annoyed!
Look at his _______ look.
A. frightened B. frightening
C. fright D. frighten校长真的生气了! 看看他让人害怕的表情。2. “To have been caught in a sandstorm
was a terrible experience,”…
遭遇沙尘暴是一次很可怕的经
历,…… 阅读下列句子，试着总结be caught in
在句中的含义及用法。
1) He was caught in the rain and got wet through last night.
2) I was caught in the traffic jam, or I would have come here earlier. 3) Don’t be / get caught in the
sandstorm!
be caught in意为“_________（大雨、
风暴等）”，如句1、句2和句3。
be caught in中的be也可用get替换，
如句3。 突然遇到 [联想]
be lost in 消失在……中，陷入（沉思等），被……所吸引，在……中迷路；be trapped in 陷入，被困在……中；
be absorbed in 被……吸引住，专注于，聚精会神（干某事）；
be stuck in 被困在…… 据句意及括号中的汉语提示，完成下列句子。
1. It’s reported that the group
_______________________(突然遇到)
the hurricane and several people were
injured.
2. _____________________ (陷入沉思中),
he didn’t notice that someone was
knocking at the door. got / was / were caught in? Lost in deep thought3. To our great joy, the workers who _________________ (被困在) underground were finally saved.
4. She ______________________________ (正在全神贯注看一本书) when I came in.had been trappedwas absorbed in reading a book3. Sandstorms in China appear to have
increased in recent years as a result of
“desertification”.
因“荒漠化”越发严重，中国近年来发
生沙尘暴的次数明显增加了。as a result of 由……产生的结果，相当于because of
e.g. He could not work as a result of his
illness.
他因病不能工作。Jenny nearly missed the flight ______ doing too much shopping.
A. as a result of?????? ?????? B. on top of?????
C. in front of ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. in need of
选A。句中的doing too much shopping与nearly missed the flight构成逻辑上的因果关系，故选A项。4. This is a process that happens when land becomes desert…
这是发生在由于……等使得陆地变成沙漠的过程。试着总结process在句中的含义及用法。
1) Getting fit again has been a long
slow process.
重新获得健康是一个漫长、缓慢的
过程。2) Can you describe the process of building a house?
你能给我描述一下建造一座房子的步骤吗?
3) They invented a new process of making
glass.
他们发明了一种制造玻璃的新方法。4) Most of the food we buy is processed in
some way.
我们买的大部分食品都用某种方法加
工过。
5) All applications are processed through
this system.
所有申请都通过这个系统来审核。6) Have your photographs been
processed?
你的照片洗出来了吗?
7) The new network will enable data to
be processed more speedily.
这个新的系统会使数据处理更快。【总结归纳】
process n. 过程, 进程; 步骤, 流程;
做事方法, 工序
vt. 加工, 处理; 审阅, 审核; 冲
印(照片); 数据处理【拓展】
in process 进行中
in the process of sth. / doing sth.
在……的进行过程中1. 超市出售许多已经加工过的蔬菜。A lot of processed vegetables are sold in supermarket. 汉译英。3. 我们正在搬家的过程中。We are in the process of moving.2. 我们会尽快处理您的订单。We will process your orders as soon as possible.5. …because of climate changes and
because people cut down trees and dig
up grass.
……由于气候变化和人们滥伐树木、
破坏植被。阅读下列句子，并试着总结cut down在句中的含义及用法。
1) It’s a pity that so many trees were
cut down overnight.
cut down是短语动词，主要含义和用法有：______；砍倒 2) How can we cut down the risk of
AIDS?
cut down削减，减少，后面可直接跟
宾语。
3) If you want to lose weight, you should
cut down on sugar and fat.
cut down后面还可接“on +宾语” 。 [联想]
cut away 切除，剪掉；
cut in 插嘴，夹进来，干预；
cut off 切断，隔绝，使电话中断，切下来，剪下来；
cut out 删掉，停止，戒掉，切除，剪下来；
cut up 切碎，剁碎；
cut through 穿过，穿透用cut短语的适当形式填空。
1. Rainforests are being _________ at a high speed and they may disappear from the earth one day.
2. If you don’t _________ your working hours, you’ll break down sooner or later. cut downcut down?3. It’s bad manners to _________ while others are talking.
4. The village has been _________ from the outside world for seven days because of the heavy snow.? cut in ??cut off 6. The Chinese Central Weather Station
can forecast a sandstorm some weeks
before…
中央气象台能在沙尘暴袭击前几周预
报它…… 阅读下列各句，并试着总结forecast在
句中的含义及用法。
1) The radio forecast what the weather would be like the day after tomorrow.
2) Mr. Liu forecast a big increase in sales, and he proved to be right.3) More sandstorms are forecasted / forecast next week.
forecast意为“______，预测”，主要用法有：
用作____词，如句1、句2和句3，可用于被动语态，如句3；预报动【注意】 forecast的过去式和过去分词为forecast 或 forecasted。 4) The weather forecast on the radio tonight tells of coming storms.
5) His forecast about the future economy proved wrong.
forecast用作______词，如句4和句5。 名 [辨析] forecast & predict
forecast主要指对未来的预报、推测或设想，强调最终可能出现的结果，尤指天气预报；
predict指根据事实或自然规律进行推断后作出预告，隐含有科学的准确性。用forecast的适当形式填空。
1. Colder weather _____________________ for tomorrow just now. You should put on more clothes.
2. No one can ___________ what will happen to the world in 1,000 years.
3. Thanks to weather satellites, it’s easy __________ weather now. was forecasted /forecast??forecast?? to forecast???1. 我们不能预测这场足球赛的结果。We can’t forecast the result of the football match.It is very difficult for us to forecast what will happen tomorrow. 2. 对于我们来说明天将会发生什么很难
预测。汉译英。3. 他有关经济的预测是正确的。His forecast about economy is correct.7. …but the strength of the storm
sometimes surprises people.
……但是沙尘暴的力量有时令人惊
奇。阅读下列各句，并试着总结strength在
句中的含义及用法。
1) Mary was so weak that she didn’t
have the strength to get out of the
chair.
strength是名词，意为：____________
2) The clouds reduced the strength of
the sunlight.
力度，强度力量，力气3) The task is hard, so we need someone who has the inner strength to do it.
意志力，毅力
4) His greatest strength is that he can get along well with everyone else in the office.
优点，长处，优势【拓展】
strong adj. 强壮的，强劲的，强烈的，坚定的；
strongly adv. 强壮地，强烈地，坚定地；
strengthen v. 加强，增强，巩固[辨析] strength, energy, force & power
strength 指人的“力气、优点、强项”，也可指物理学上的“强度”；
energy 指人的“精力、活力”或“能源、能量”；
force 指物理意义上的“力”，也指“武力、暴力”；
power 主要指“权力、影响力”。 用以上四个词的适当形式完成下列句子。
1. Does the boy have enough _________ to
lift the box?
2. The thief took the money from the old
woman by ______.
3. The police and the army have been
given special ________ to deal with this
state of affairs. strength???force ???powers?4. Even if Mr. Brown works late into
the night, he is still full of ______ next
morning.
5. The President’s visit is to __________
the friendships between the two
countries.energy??? strengthenBill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his ______.?
A. ability ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. force
C. strength ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. mind
选C。根据前面的physical exercise可知，后面要表达的是“增强体力”，故选C项。Main sentence1. They are often so thick that you cannot
see the sun, and the wind is sometimes
strong enough to move sand dunes.
= The sandstorms are often too thick for
people to see the sun and sometimes the
wind is so strong that it can move sand
dunes.本句是由and连接的两个并列分句。在前面的分句中, so ... that意为“如此……以至于……”, that引导结果状语从句; 在后面的分句中, enough作副词时常放在形容词或副词之后, 构成 ... enough to do sth., 意为“足够地……”。句意: 它们经常如此浑浊以至于人们连太阳都看不见, 而且风有时候刮得很大，足可以移动沙丘。2. This is a process that happens when
land becomes desert because of climate
changes and because people cut down
trees and dig up grass.
= Because of climate changes, trees being
cut down and grass being dug up, land
becomes desert and desertification
happens.本句是一个复合句。主句是This is a process; that happens ...是定语从句, 修饰先行词process。定语从句中有两个状语从句, 一个是when引导的时间状语从句, 另一个是because引导的原因状语从句。时间状语从句中的because of ... 短语以及because引起的从句共同说明土地变成沙漠的原因。 3. The storms sometimes continue all
day and traffic moves very slowly
because the thick dust makes it
difficult to see.本句中含有一个make复合结构: make + it + adj. + to do。在makes it difficult to see 中, it是形式宾语, 形容词difficult 作宾语补足语, 不定式短语to see作真正的宾语。常用于这种结构的动词还有: think, find, believe, feel, suppose等; 用作真正宾语的可以是动词不定式、动词-ing形式和从句。 如：
We found it difficult to get along with him.
我们发现与他相处很难。
We thought it wrong wasting our time.
我们认为浪费我们的时间是不对的。
He found it strange that no one else had arrived.
他发现奇怪的是没有其他人来。4. When a sandstorm arrives in the city,
weather experts advise people not to
go out.advise用作动词, 表示“劝告; 建议; 通知”, 常用于以下结构: advise doing sth.; advise sb. (not) to do sth.; advise sb. against (doing) sth.; advise + that从句, 从句要采用虚拟语气, 即“should + 动词原形”, 其中should可以省略。 课文短语翻译一个接一个的
突然遭遇
照料, 照看
建议某人干某事
几个世纪以来
……的结果one after another be caught in look after advise sb. to do sth. as a result of for centuries 苏醒过来
整天
阻止某人干某事
在这种形式下
一周后
砍伐, 砍倒
把……擦掉wake up all day prevent sb. from doing in this situationwipe away cut down in a week’s time 找出课文中含不定式的句子。Homework 课件28张PPT。Module 4Module 4
Sandstorms in AsiaListening and vocabularyMatch the words with the definitions. atmosphere carbon dioxide chemical
damage (v. & n.) melt environment
garbage pollution recycle the Poles1. the air around the earth _________
2. to have a bad effect on someone or something _________atmospheredamage3. a substance used in chemistry
_________
4. the natural world – the land, air,
water, plants and animals __________
5. to change from solid to liquid, e.g. ice
becomes water ______chemicalenvironmentmelt6. to treat something so that we can use again _______
7. one of the gases in the air ______________
8. the most northern and southern points on earth __________recyclecarbon dioxidethe Poles9. rubbish _______
10. damage to the environment because
of chemicals ________garbagepollutionListen to an environmental expert’s speech. Put the topics below in the order you hear them. A. garbage
B. trees
C. pollution from cars
D. melting ice at the Poles
E. the climate51234Check the meaning of the words. coastal concerned evidence
major urgentNow listen again and answer the questions:1. What is the most urgent problem of all?2. What examples of coastal cities does David give?The climate. New York and Shanghai. 3. Why is the climate getting warmer?4. What is described as a major problem?Because pollution is stopping the sun’s heat leaving the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide from cars. 5. What happens when we cut down a lot of trees?6. How does the interviewer feel about the situation?There is less oxygen and more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Optimistic. 1. As a result, the ice at _________ is beginning to melt.
2. The sea may rise and cities on the coast may ______________________.
3. Too much carbon dioxide pollutes the ___________. Listen again. Complete these sentences.the Polesdisappear (under water)atmosphere4. Trees take in _____________ and give out ________.
5. We _____ garbage and pollute the atmosphere.
6. Instead, we should _______ the garbage. carbon dioxideoxygen burn recycle1. concerned adj. 关心的
be concerned about /over /for
关心, 挂念
as (so) far as … is concerned
就……来说, 就……而言
where … is concerned
在牵扯到……的时候 (情况下)Word studybe concerned with/in
和……有关
show /express concern about
对……表示关心/担心
have a concern in
和……有利害关系
as concerns that matter
关于那件事Listen and underline the words the speaker stresses.Expressing strong opinionsPronunciation and FunctionI couldn’t agree with you more.
I think you’re absolutely right.
It’s extremely serious.I have no idea.
It couldn’t be worse.
It’s absolutely hopeless.Decide which words the speaker will stress.Now listen and check. Try to stress the key words, and use the correct intonation.Complete the sentences using expressions from activities 1 and 2.1. A: We need to plant more trees.
B: ____________________________
____________________________
2. _______________________________
_______________________________
The traffic in this city just doesn’t move.I couldn’t agree with you more. /
I think you’re absolutely right.It couldn’t be worse. /
It’s absolutely hopeless.3. A: People don’t care enough about
the environment.
B: ____________________________
____________________________
2. _______________________________
_______________________________
I can’t see anything. There’s sand everywhere.I couldn’t agree with you more. /
I think you’re absolutely right.It couldn’t be worse. /
It’s absolutely hopeless.Work in pairs. Suppose there has been a bad sandstorm in your city.Student A: You are a reporter. You interview a man who has cycled to work in the sandstorm. Before you do the interview, write down the questions you want to ask.SpeakingStudent B: You felt frightened but you put on a mask and cycled to work in the sandstorm. Tell the reporter how you feel about the sandstorm. Describe how things looked in the sandstorm.1. in a nutshell means______.
(a) in my opinion
(b) to explain something very simplyEveryday EnglishThese words and expressions are taken from Listening and vocabulary. Choose the right answers.2. It’s scary means______.
(a) It’s frightening
(b) It’s interesting
3. I’ll do my best means ______.
(a) This is the best (explanation )
(b) I’ll try as hard as I can 4. from what I understand means______.
(a) This is what I understand
(b) I think I understand
5. You’re absolutely right means_______.
(a) You’re completely right
(b) You’re almost rightThink of how we need to do to improve our environment.HomeworkModule 4 Sandstorms in Asia
I单元教学目标
技能目标Goals
Talk about sandstorms in Asia.
Practice expressing strong opinions.
Practice talking about how to improve the environment.
Learn to use different types of Infinitive and expressions with but + infinitive.
Learn to design a poster that encourages people to look after the environment.
II. 目标语言
功
能
句
式
Practice expressing strong opinions.
I totally agree with you.
I couldn’t agree with you more.
I think you are absolutely right.
It’s extremely serious.
Absolutely!
Practice talking about how to improve the environment.
We need to…
We must…
We should…
词
汇
1 四会词汇
sandstorm, frightening, inland, mass, campaign, dune, desertification, process, citizen, dust, forecast, strength, cycle, mask, atmosphere, carbon, dioxide, chemical, environment, garbage, melt, pollution, recycle, coastal, concerned, evidence, major, urgent, pollute, complain, nutshell, scary, absolutely, protection
2认读词汇
the Pacific Ocean
3 词组
cut down, be caught in, one after another, have a bad effect on, take in, give out, in a nutshell, look through

语
法
Different types of Infinitive
do, to do, to be doing, to have done, to have been done
Example:
The wind is strong enough to move sand dunes.
We were advised not to go outside.
It’s frightening to be cycling to work in a sandstorm.
There is nothing to be done.
I am the only person in my family to have been in a sandstorm.
To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience.
Expressions with but + infinitive
I can’t help but agree.
We do nothing but talk about it.
重
点
句
子
Complete the sentences using the correct form of these words.
Deserts are also created because people cut down trees and dig up grass.
To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience.
I couldn’t agree with you more.
It’s absolutely hopeless.
Agree to spend an hour together each week speaking English.
You are absolutely right.
There are laws that do not allow people to burn too much coal.
III. 教材分析和教材重组：
1.教材分析：
本模块以Sandstorms为话题，通过本模块的几篇阅读材料使学生对Sandstorms有所了解，并通过文章中提出的一些深刻的问题，比如，The desert is only 250 kilometers away to the west of Beijing使学生更好地了解我们的地球和我们的生活环境正遭受的破坏，并引发对“我们应该如何保护环境”的热烈讨论，通过这些讨论会激发学生对环境保护的了解和实施的自觉性。通过讨论Sandstorms，让学生表达对沙尘暴的看法，以及我们应采取何种措施来提高环境质量。并能就此设计海报来呼吁人们保护环境。　　21*cnjy*com
INTRODUCTION 复习和学习有关自然灾害的词汇,呈现了一些自然灾害的起因以及造成的危害,使学生对沙尘暴有初步了解。
READING AND VOCABULARY就有关沙尘暴的图片提出问题来导入课文。阅读文章后并完成练习，培养对词汇的应变力，理解力和分析问题的能力。21教育名师原创作品
GRAMMAR 1部分不定式的不同表达的区别，并会正确运用。
LISTENING AND VOCABULARY通过听的活动，了解和学习与环境有关的词汇并学会表达，培养在听的过程中思维能力和获取信息的能力。
GRAMMAR 2 了解but + infinitive 的用法。
PRONUNCIATION AND FUNCTION学会express strong opinions的表达法。
SPEAKING1设置一个情景来表达在沙尘暴中的一次经历。
SPEAKING2通过词汇练习来了解造成环境污染的一些东西，并就此提出解决措施。
WRITING先描述一些环境问题，然后再就此提出解决的措施，然后组合在一起形成一小段文章，为本模块的写作任务做铺垫。
EVERYDAY ENGLISH学习一些短语和句子的表达，并在日常生活中加以运用。
CULTURAL CORNER了解一些欧洲国家在环保方面所采取的措施。
TASK 通过设计一个海报来鼓励人们保护环境。
2教材重组
2.1 将READING AND VOCABULARY 作为一节精读课。
2.2 将GRAMMAR 1 和GRAMMAR 2 以及Workbook中的 Grammar整合起来上一堂语法课。
2.3 把LISTENING AND VOCABULARY, EVERYDAY ENGLISH和Workbook中的LISTENING AND SPEAKING整合在一起作为一堂听力课。
2.4 把INTRODUCTION, PRONUNCIATION AND FUNCTION, SPEAKING 1 和SPEAKING 2放在一起上一堂口语训练课。
2.5 把CULTURAL CORNER和Workbook中的Reading整合在一起上一节泛读课。
2.6 将Writing，Task和Workbook中的Writing整合在一起上一堂写作练习课。
3课型设计与课时分配
1st period Speaking
2nd period Intensive Reading
3rd period Grammar
4th period Listening
5th period Extensive Reading
6th period Writing
IV. 分课时教案
The First Period Speaking
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
a 重点词汇与短语
blow, bury, frightening, last(v), sandstorm, dig, protection, sign, earthquake, cut down, give out, dig up21世纪教育网版权所有
b 交际用语：
I couldn’t agree with…
I think…
You are/it is absolutely right.
It’s extremely serious.
I have no idea.
It couldn’t…
Give one’s ideas:
In my opinion, we…
I think…
We should/need to / must…
2. Ability Goals能力目标
Enable the students to talk about the sandstorms, the reasons for causing sandstorms and the important of protecting environment.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help students to learn how to talk about the sandstorms, the reasons for causing sandstorms and the important of protecting environment.
Teaching important points 教学重点及难点
1. How to describe sandstorms & environmental protection.
2. How to express one’s opinions.
Teaching methods 教学方法
1. Discussion;
2. Listening;
3. pair work.
Teaching aid 教学准备
A computer, a projector, and a tape recorder.
Teaching procedures 教学过程
Step 1 Presentation
T: Good morning, everyone! Today we are going to learn a new module, Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia. Look at the screen please. I will show you some pictures. Talk about them in your own words. (Show them the pictures of sandstorms.)
S1: In the first picture I can see a man is riding a bike hard. The sky is yellow.
T: Can you see the buildings clearly?
S1: No, they are not clear.
T: Thank you, sit down please.
S2: In the second one I can find some buildings, but I cannot see them clearly. May be the city is in the sand or anything like that.
S3: In the third one I can see a very tall building only. There is much sand in the sky.
T: Very good. Thank you.
S4: In the next picture, I can see many people riding bikes wearing masks. The weather is very cold, because they wear gloves and more clothes.
T: How about the air? Is it clean?
S4: The air is not clean. There is something like sand in the air.
T: Quite right!
S5: In the fifth picture, there is a strong wind carrying sand. It looks like smoke.
S6: In the last one, there are some buildings covered with thick, yellow dust.
T: Excellent job! Thank you every much. Now, who can tell us why there is so much sand in the sky? The wind that carry sand are called…
S7: Sandstorm.
T: Very good. Yes, they are called sandstorm. If you want to know more about sandstorm, let’s come to Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia.
Step II Warming up
T: Open your books on page 31. Look at the picture in your books, what can you see in the picture?
S1: There is a strong wind carrying sand in the sky, and a car covered with sand running slowly.
T: Right. Now, complete the sentences using the correct form of words in the box. Three minutes.
Answers: sandstorm, lasts, frightening, blows, buried,
After 3 minutes, ask some students to share their answers.
T: From this short paragraph, we can see the sandstorm is frightening. Have you ever experienced the sandstorm? How does it be created? Before we discuss these questions, let’s look at some words on the screen.
Dig, earthquake, protect, sign, the Pacific Ocean
(show the words on the screen, and explain the meaning to the students. Divide the whole class into several groups to discuss questions in activity 2. Then call back the answers)
S1: Most of the sandstorms begin in desert areas. Because there are no trees and grasses in the desert areas. The wind is very strong.
S2: Climate changing can create deserts, but nowadays, the deserts are being enlarged because of humanity.
S3: Deserts are also created because people cut down trees and dig up grass.
T: Why people cut down trees?
S3: They want to get wood or to plant crops.
S4: Few years ago, Japan was affected by the sandstorms coming from northwest China. And America is also affected by sandstorms. Some are caused by humanity; some are from Asia blown across the Pacific Ocean. Sandstorm has been a global issue.
T: Very good, thank you. Can we prevent it?
S5: Yes. At present, our China has carried out many plans to prevent sandstorm. For example, China has formed a professor committee to study how to prevent sandstorms. We have planted many trees every year. Cutting down the trees is unlawful. The degree of sandstorm is on decline. So we can prevent it. We believe ourselves.
T: Quite right. I believe too. Where does the sandstorm often happen?
S6: the inland region has more sandstorms than the one near the sea. Because the inland is drier than the one near the sea.
T: Can you give us the reason?
S6: Dry weather is one of the main reasons for sandstorms.
T: Quite right. You’ve done very well. From this activity, you’ve got much information on sandstorms. Sandstorm is very bad. It pollutes the air, affects our daily life. If you are in a sandstorm what should you do? Now work in pairs to discuss the questions in activity 3.
(5 minutes later, call back the answers)
S1: If I am in a sandstorm I will wear a mask to protect my mouth and throat, wear a pair of glasses to protect my eyes.
S2: Besides mask and glasses I will wear a hat. Because there is much sand in the air, it will make my hair dirty.
T: You are right. In a sandstorm, you should wear a mask and a hat, a pair of glasses is also necessary. Which one is more dangerous, earthquake and sandstorm?
S3: I think earthquake. Because in sandstorm we can stay at home to protect us, but in earthquake everywhere is dangerous.
T: I agree with you. Where in China do sandstorms usually happen? What is the first sign?
S4: In the west and northwest China.
S5: But it also happens in Beijing often.
S6: Before the sandstorm, there is usually a heavy wind and dry weather.
S7: The sky is yellow.
S8: One afternoon of last spring, when I was at school, the sky was yellow. There was much sand in the sky. The wind was very strong with some drops of rain. In fact, it was not rain. It was mud. At that time, I thought the earthquake was coming. It was very terrible.
T: It was really terrible. Thank you. Now I think all of you have known about something of sandstorm. The sandstorm is terrible and harmful. We should work hard to protect our environment.
Step III Pronunciation and Function
Listen to the tape and ask students to underline the words stressed and conclude when and where the word will be stressed. Then ask students to practice activity 1&2. Listen again to check if the stress is right. Ask students to complete the sentences in Ex.3 using expressions from Ex.1&2.
Step IV Talking
T: Suppose you are a citizen. There is a sandstorm in your city. A reporter wants to interview you about this sandstorm. Make a dialogue about your interview with your partner.
S1: Good afternoon sir, I am a reporter of local television station. May I ask you some questions about the sandstorm happened in the morning?
S2: Ok.
S1: When the sandstorm happened, what were you doing?
S2: I was cycling on the road.
S1: Before the sandstorm coming, did you know it was the sandstorm? Or were there some signs of the coming sandstorm?
S2: Yes. I learn some sandstorm signs from TV. So I tried hard to ride, but the wind was so strong.
S1: Can you tell me some signs of that sandstorm?
S2: First, the wind was becoming stronger and stronger, it looked like the rain was coming. I can hardly ride my bike. The dust on the ground was whirled into the sky. And the sky was turned into yellow. The dust became more and more. I can hardly open my eyes. I knew it would be a sandstorm.
S1: It was terrible. Can you give us some ideas to prevent the sandstorm?
S2: From television, we can see most of the sandstorms are caused by human. Instead of cutting down trees and digging grass we should plant more trees and grasses.
S1: I agree with you. I think after this sandstorm most of people will be waken. Thank you.
T: Well done. Thank you. Now we have known most of the sandstorms have been caused by the destroyed environment. Are there any other things that are bad for the environment?
Ss: Yes. For example, coal.
T: In what way?
Ss: It gets off lots of smoke and pollutes the air.
T: You’re right.
Ss: Plastic. In our daily life, people use many plastic bags and throw them around. When there is wind, the plastic bags thrown will fly everywhere.
Ss: In canteen many students use plastic bags to hold their meal and throw them away then. I think we should not use them first and set a modal.
Ss: Like refrigerator, more and more cars have come into families. They give out much chemical smoke, especially in cities. It is bad for our health.
Ss: Cutting more trees will not only cause sandstorms but also enlarge the sand area.
T: Well done, boys and girls. Since we have known so many things are bad for the environment, what should we do to protect our environment?
Ss: We should plant more trees to fresh our air.
Ss: We should throw the rubbish into the dustbin and not throw them anywhere.
Ss: I think the most important thing we should do is to organize an organization to make people around us know the importance to protect the environment.
T: Ok, what you talk about is very helpful. Please prepare it after class if you want. If you need help, please let me know. This class we have learnt something about sandstorms, and have discussed things that pollute the environment. Since the pollution is so serious, we should try our best to protect our environment. Now what you should do after class is to turn your idea into practice.
Step V Assignment
Write a composition according to the pictures. (A 类)【版权所有：21教育】
根据以下四幅图,撰写一篇短文,呼吁人们爱护森林,保护我们赖以生存的环境
注意:1.描述准确全面;2.题图衔接连贯;3.词数:120左右　
Write a short paragraph to describe the pollution around you. (B 类)
2. Preview the text on page 32.
The Second Period Reading and vocabulary
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language目标语言
a 重点词汇和短语
mass, dune, desertification, citizen, dust, forecast, cycle, mask, affect, strength, situation, survive, start to…, wake up to…, advise sb (not) to do sth., one after another,
b 重点句子
Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it.
You just had to hope you’d survive.
This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.
Weather experts advise people not to go out.
To be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening.
There was nothing to be done.
2. Ability goals 能力目标
Enable students to gain knowledge about the sandstorm. Know the cause and result of sandstorm, and what to do in sandstorm and to foster their sense of responsibility of protecting the environment.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help students to learn how to describe a phenomenon and express their feelings.
Teaching important points教学重点
Learn some characteristics and result of sandstorm.
Ask students to think ways to protect the environment.
Teaching difficult points教学难点
a. Discuss the answers to the questions
b. Generalize the characteristics of sandstorm.
Teaching methods教学方法
a. Fast reading and deal with comprehension questions.
b. Intensive reading.
c. Discussion.
d. Student-centered vocabulary learning.
Teaching aids教具准备
A projector, a computer and a recorder.
Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式
Step 1 Greeting and revision
Check the students’ homework by asking some of students to read their short passage about pollution around them.www-2-1-cnjy-com
T: Good morning/ afternoon, boys and girls. Who wants to share your short passage about the pollution around you?
Ss: I’d like. Our earth used to be a beautiful place. Thick trees and green grass covered the hills and it was the best home for birds and animals. What a beautiful scene it was! However, as time went on, people destroyed the forest to grow crops. What were worse, people let their cattle eat up the grass. So you can see a stretch of wasteland instead of green hills now. As a result, when it rains, the soil is washed down the hills, strong winds blow away the rich soil that lies on the top of the fields. We do hope all the people will take good care of our forests and plant more trees to improve the environment in which we are living. I'm sure as long as we try every possible means; we're sure to have a beautiful environment again.
T: Excellent! Thank you. Yesterday, we have talked about something about sandstorm. Today, we are going to learn more about it. Open your books on page 32. Have you previewed it?
Ss: Yes.
T: Very good.
Step 2 pre-reading
T: Now I will give you five minutes and read the whole passage quickly, find the answers to the questions on the top of this page.
1. There is a terrible sandstorm.
2. She wears a mask, scarf, and heavy clothes. Because there is a strong sandstorm.
3. Traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.
4. The expert advises people not to go out.
After 5 minutes, check the answers.
T: Now, who’d like to talk about the first question? Volunteer!
S1: I’d like to try. From picture I know that a sandstorm happens. It is frightening.
T: Quite right. Next question? Who want to have a try?
S2: There is a woman pulling a bike in a frightening sandstorm. The cyclist wears a mask and a pair of gloves. She wears a hat.
T: Thank you, very well. How about next question?
S3: The traffic will be very slow, because in the sandstorm there is much sand in the sky. The driver cannot see thing clearly.
T: Quite right. The last one, who got the answer?
S4: I think the experts advise people to stay at home and not go out. While going out, you should wear a mask.
T: Thank you. Sit down please. Now, after we’ve learnt this text, we will know how to protect ourselves, if there is a sandstorm in our city. Of course, we do not hope it happens in our city.
Step 3 Reading
T: Turn your books on page 33. Look at the activity 2& 3, read the text quickly again and complete these two activities. Three minutes.
Skimming:
Cycle (v), expert, process, citizen, dust, survive, forecast, situation b, b, a, a
After 3 minutes, ask some students to check the answers. Show the answers on the screen.
ask students to read it silently
★Intensive Reading
T: Read the whole passage very carefully and complete Ex.4&5 on page 33. While reading underline phrases and sentences that you think are important. Read it silently and try to get the general idea of this passage. 10 minutes.
The winds in a sandstorm can sometimes be strong enough to move sand dunes.
When Ren Jianbo was living in Inner Mongolia he experienced a terrible sandstorm in desert.
Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”.
Cutting down trees and digging up grass can cause the climate changes and make the land become desert.
Traffic moved very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.
The government is planting trees to the west of Beijing to prevent the desert coming near.
(After 10 minutes ask some students to check the answers and show the answers on the screen.)
1. forecasted 2. frightening 3. survived 4. dust 5. process 6. citizens
(After students to give possible answers, then show them on the screen)
Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it.
You just had to hope you’d survive.
Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”.
This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.
When a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not to go out.
To be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening.
Already the government has planted more than 30 billion trees and plans to continue planting for the next five years.
(After having finished the exercises, show the important sentences on the screen. Ask the students to pay more attention to them.)
Complete the summary of the text:
(1st paragraph)
Sandstorms have been a major_______ for many Asia countries _____ centuries. Scientists have tried many ways to ____ this problem and in China, a ______ campaign has been started to help solve it.
Suggest answers:
Sandstorms have been a major disaster for many Asia countries for centuries. Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it.
(2nd paragraph)
The wind in the sandstorm is often strong enough to move _________. Ren Jianbo, from _____________ described a terrible sandstorm he ___________ when he was a child. “ to have been ______ in a sandstorm is a ____________. There was nothing ________. It was the most _________ and the most dangerous ________ I have been in. You just had to hope you’d _______.
Suggest answers
The wind in the sandstorm is often strong enough to move sand dunes. Ren Jianbo, from Inner Mongolia described a terrible sandstorm he experienced when he was a child. “to have been caught in a sandstorm is a terrible experience. There was nothing to be done. It was the most frightening and the most dangerous situation I have been in. You just had to hope you’d survive.
(3rd & 4th paragraphs)
Sandstorms begin in______ area. Sandstorms in China ______ to have been increased in recent years as a result of “______________”. This is a ________ that happens because people _________ trees and ________ grass. Sandstorms sometimes _______ Beijing. _______ wake up to an orange sky and ______ strong winds that ______ the city in a thick, brown-yellow _____. The sandstorms sometimes __________ all the day and traffic ______ very slowly.
Suggest answers:
Sandstorms begin in desert area. Sandstorms in China appear to have been increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”. This is a process that happens because people cut down trees and dig up grass. Sandstorms sometimes affect Beijing. Citizens wake up to an orange sky and strong winds that cover the city in a thick, brown-yellow dust. The sandstorms sometimes continue all the day and traffic moves very slowly.
(The last two paragraphs)
The Chinese Central Weather Station can______ a sandstorm some weeks before it arrives in Beijing. When the sandstorm arrives in the city, weather _______ advise people not to ________. Huang Xiaomei, who lives in Beijing says, “to be ______ in a sandstorm is _________. It’s difficult to _______ in the strong wind and _____ makes me _____. So if you want to go out, you’d better wear a ______.
The desert is only 250 kilometers away to the west of Beijing. To ________ it coming nearer, the government is planting trees.
The Chinese Central Weather Station can forecast a sandstorm some weeks before it arrives in Beijing. When the sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not to go out. Huang Xiaomei, who lives in Beijing says, “to be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening. It’s difficult to breathe in the strong wind and dust makes me ill. So if you want to go out, you’d better wear a mask.
The desert is only 250 kilometers away to the west of Beijing. To prevent it coming nearer, the government is planting trees.
(As to this part, listen to whole passage first, and then listen again paragraph by paragraph. After listening to a paragraph, ask students to look the screen and fill the blanks with their books closed.21·世纪*教育网
Step 3 Explanation
T: Now let’s deal with some language points.
You just had to hope you’d survive.
Survive vi. continue to live or exist ~ (from sth), ~ ( on sth),
E.g. many strange customs have survived from earlier time.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
I can’t survived on 30￡ a week.
Vt. Continue to live or exist in spite of nearly being killed or destroyed
~ an earthquake, ~ shipwreck
survivor n. person who survived
◆as a result of “ desertification”.
…. 由于沙漠化的结果
desert + ify “-fy / -ify” 后缀 变为verb. desertify → desertification
……… because people cut down trees and dig up grass.
Cut sth down (cause sth to fall down by cutting it at base)
~ a tree, 砍倒一棵树，~ trousers, 改短裤子，~ one’s expenses, 减少开支
dig sth up ①break up(soil,etc) by digging， ②remove sth from the ground by digging
Dig up the land for a new garden. 为建一座花园而垦地。
We dig up the tree by his roots.我们将树连根拔起。
…… weather experts advise people not to go out.
advise sb. (not) to do sth. give advice to sb; recommend
Step 4 Homework
Retell the whole passage.
Write a summary of the text.
The Third Period Grammar
Teaching goals 教学目标
1 Target language目标语言
a重点词汇和短语
thunderstorm, infinitive, by the end of,
b重点句子
Experts hope to learn more about the movement of sandstorm.
I’d like to tell about the situation before now.
My father was out of the city when the sandstorm came.
He was very glad to miss it.
And yet we do nothing but talk about it.
I can’t help but feel very concerned.
I can’t but wonder what will happen.
2 Ability goals 能力目标
Learn to use infinitive structure
3 Learning ability goals 学能目标
Let the students learn how to use the infinitive structure
Teaching important points教学重点
a. Teach the use of the infinitive structure.
b. Some words followed by the infinitive structure.
c. but+ infinitive.
Teaching difficult points教学难点
The usage of the infinitive structure.
The structure of but + infinitive.
Teaching methods教学方法
Explanation of grammar.
b. Learn grammar through practice.
Teaching aids教具准备
A projector and a computer.
Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式
Step I Revision
Check the homework.
Step II Preparation
T: Look at the screen please. Pay attention to the phrases in color. Do they have something in common? What is the common thing?
To see her is to love her.
She likes to play with the child.
I am very glad to see you.
The next train to arrive was from New York.
I stayed there to see what would happen.
S: Yes. They all have the word “to”.
T: Very good. This is the grammar – infinitive structure we will learn this class. Who knows what the infinitive structure is.21教育网
S: The infinitive structure is the phrase that has “to do sth”.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
T: Very good, but not always. Infinitive structure has two types. One is to-infinitive, the other is bare infinitive. For example:
You cannot do better than go. (bare infinitive)
To see is to believe. (to-infinitive)
T: Ok, let’s look some usages of the infinitive structure
Infinitive structure acts as subject.
E.g. To err is human. (subject)
It takes me ten days to finish this project. (英语中常用it做形式主语，真正的主语是 不定式)
Infinitive structure acts as predicate
E.g. He is yet to come. (be + to come)
The important thing is to save lives.
Infinitive structure acts as object.
E.g. She likes to play with the child.
He seems to know the way.
The adjective followed by the infinitive structure
E.g. I am very glad to see you.
He is eager to win.
Infinitive structure acts as attribute.
E.g. He was always the first to come and last to leave.
The next train to arrive was from New York.
Infinitive structure acts as adverbial modifier.
E.g. I stayed there to see what would happen.
(doing this with explanation)
Step III Grammar 1
T: Now please go through the activity 1 and to find all infinitive structures, then tell us if they give essential or extra information.
Possible answers:
The wind is strong enough to move sand dunes.
The adjective followed by the infinitive structure
We were advised not to go outside.
Infinitive structure acts as object.
It’s frightening to be cycling to work in a sandstorm
Infinitive structure acts as subject
There is nothing to be done.
Infinitive structure acts as attribute
I am the only person in my family to have been in a sandstorm.
Infinitive structure acts as attribute
To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience.
Infinitive structure acts as subject
(Ask students to check the answers)
Ask students to finish activity 2&3 then call back the answers.
It is dangerous to travel during a sandstorm.
Infinitive structure acts as subject
Experts hope to learn more about the movement of thunderstorms.
Infinitive structure acts as object.
We were told not to leave the house.
Infinitive structure acts as object.
The work on the house needs to be completed by the end of the week.
Infinitive structure acts as object.
Most houses seem to have been destroyed by the storm.
Infinitive structure acts as predicate
1. to work 2. to learn 3. to tell 4. to be completed 5. to miss 6. to be finished 7. to see
Explanation:
Some adjectives must be followed by “to”: glad, sorry, lucky, free, sure, likely, able, afraid, willing, ready, anxious, careful, foolish etc.21*cnjy*com
have to means“不得不…….”
Some verbs must be followed by “to” as objective：like, want, hope，expect, wish, try etc.
Set phrases： so + adj.+ as to; such (…) as to….; … enough (for sb) to….; too……to…; only to…. ( 表示未曾料到的结果) etc.
Step IV Grammar 2
T: Please turn your book to Page36. At the beginning of the class, I told you that the Infinitive structure has two types. One is to-infinitive, the other is bare infinitive. Now let’s look at the second type of the Infinitive structure. “but + infinitive” is one of the bare infinitive. Who knows how to use this structure?
S: We don’t know.
T: If there is a word “do” before the conjunction “but” we should use bare infinitive.
e.g. we have nothing to do now but wait.
Tom never does anything but talk.
If there is no “do” before the conjunction “but” we should use to-infinitive.
e.g. They desired nothing but to succeed.
I have no choice but to accept the fact.
T: Now, look at the Ex.1&2 on page 36 and find the answers.
Possible explanations:
We do nothing except to talk. ( 可换成 “but”, 但要去掉 “to”)
I have to feel very concerned because I can’t do help. ( 我只能担心，因为我帮不了你help 是名词 )
I can’t do anything but wonder what will happen. ( 除了想知道将要发生什么，我不想作任何事情，言外之意就是，我非常想知道将发生什么事)
1. but 2. think 3. choose 4. complaining 5.love 6. nothing
Possible explanations:
help vt. 应有宾语，所以判断此句中help 是名词，完整形式应是 “do help”.
同上
chose vt. 又 因but 后是原型。
因为but 前有"do”
同1
do 应有宾语
其他结构：
①　口语中 go, come后可不用to
Go tell her. 去告诉他吧。
Come have a glass. 来喝一杯吧。
在than 后不带 to
I would rather go than stay
You cannot do better than go.
在一些固定词组中省去to
hear, make, let, see, 但在被动语态中要加上。
疑问词why 引导的省略句中省去to.
Why not try again？
Step V Homework
Complete the exercises 1, 2, 3&4 on Page 85
The Fourth Period Listening
Teaching goals 教学目标
1 Target language目标语言
a重点词汇和短语
atmosphere, carbon, dioxide, chemical, environment, garbage, melt, pollution, recycle, coastal, concerned, evidence, major, urgent, pollute
b重点句子
Trees take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen.
What happens to your rubbish?
What needs to be done to improve the situation?
2 Ability goals 能力目标
Enable the Ss to understand the damage caused by natural disasters.
Enable the Ss to have a good understanding of the importance of protecting environment.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Enable the Ss to take some measures to protect our environment.
Teaching important points教学重点
Listen to the speech about environmental problems made by an expert and different measures taken by different countries.
Teaching difficult points教学难点
Listen for correct information and find out ways to solve the problems.
Have a further discussion on dealing with rubbish.
Teaching methods教学方法
a. Discussion.
b. Listening.
c Cooperative learning.
Teaching aids教具准备
A recorder, and a slide projector.
Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式
Step I. Revision
Check homework exercise on Page 85.
Choose the correct answer.
1. Such people are_______.
A. respect B. to respect C. to be respecting D. to be respected
2. There is nothing to do but________ till it stops snowing.
A. to wait B. waiting C. wait D. waits
3. I’m sorry ________ you so much trouble. And thank you for your help.
A. to give B. to have given C. giving D. gave
4. Tom is said ______ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying
5.______ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.
A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slept
Key to the exercise:
1. D 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.A
Step II. Listening and Vocabulary (Page35)
Deal with vocabulary first to make preparations for listening. Then the Ss will hear a speech about environmental problems made by an expert. Then solve all the questions in this part.
T: First let’s have a revision of some words. Take out your exercise book and we’ll have a dictation. Write down the words that you hear. Listen to me carefully. No.1, what’s the air around the earth called?
S1: Atmosphere.
T: OK, write down the word. The second one, when we breathe, we breathe in oxygen and breath out__________.
S2: Carbon dioxide.
T: Write down this word, too. No.3 is a substance used in chemistry. What is it?
S3: Chemical.
T: No.4, it means a bad effect on someone or something caused by an earthquake or a sandstorm.
S4: Damage.
T: No.5 refers to the damage to the environment because of chemicals, cars and smokes.
S5: It’s pollution.
T: No.6 refers to the natural world: the land, air, water, plants and animals.
S6: It’s environment.
T: No.7, what’s another name for rubbish?
S7: Garbage.
T: No.8, it describes a process that a matter changes from solid to liquid.
S8: Melt.
T: No.9 refers to treating something so that we can use again.
S9: Reuse or recycle.
T: The last one refers to the most northern and southern points on earth.
S10: The Poles.
T: That’s all for our dictation. Now exchange your exercise book with your partner. Then turn to P35. Check the answers.
Listen to the tape for the first time and pause where it’s necessary. Then check the answers with the whole class.
T: Are you ready? Let’s listen for the first time. Please pay attention to the topics mentioned in Activity2.
Play the tape.
T: Have you got the answers?
S1: Yes.
Ask students to present their answers.
Go through the words in the table and make sure they understand all the meaning of each word. Then give students some time to read the questions and listen for the answers.
T: Let’s listen to the tape again. Please pay attention to the six questions.
Play the tape again.
T: Have you got the answers?
S1: Yes.
S2: …
S3: …
S4: …
S5: …
S6: …
T: Excellent answers!
T: Listen for the third time, and fill in the blanks. Then check the answers.
S1: …
S2: …
S3: …
S4: …
S5: …
S6: …
T: I think we’ve solved this problem. Now turn to Page38.Let’s listen to the tape for the last time and deal with Everyday English.
(After play the tape.)
T: Have you got the answers?
S: Yes.
T: Now we’ll check the answer.
Ask several students to present their answers.
T: Now read the expressions carefully and we’ll do some exercises.
To put it _________________, we’re bankrupt.
The story was so _________ that the boy began to cry.21·cn·jy·com
---Can you finish the work before this weekend?
---I’m not sure, but _____________________.
---Is it she who has got the first prize?
---Yes. ____________________________.
______________________, I think he wants me to go there, in fact.
Suggested answers:
1. in a nutshell 2. scary 3. I’ll do my best. 4. You’re absolutely right. 5. from what I understand2-1-c-n-j-y
Step III Listening and speaking (WB P88)
1. Activity12. First make sure the students understand all the words. Then match the words with the definitions.
2. Activity13. Ask students to read through the six questions and the answers, and predict the answers according to the questions and answers supplied. Play the tape and let students choose the answer. Discuss the answers with the whole class and collect the answers.
T: OK. Now we’ll listen to a conversation about different measures taken by different countries. First, go through the six questions in Activity13. Now listen to the tape.
(After listening)
T: Have you got that? Now read the questions and tell us the answer that you choose.
Ask students to read them and check the answers with the whole class.
3. Activity15. Ask students to work in pairs and make a list of things that they have thrown away in the last week. Give them some types for Ss to choose.
plastic, metal, wood, paper, leftover food.
4. Activity16. Discuss the following questions.
What’s waste?
What happens to your rubbish?
How much could be recycled?
Why should the rubbish be recycled?
How is the rubbish recycled?
Would you say that rubbish is a problem in your town?
What needs to be done to improve the situation?
Before they discuss the questions, present some reading materials.
Materials:
Waste can be defined as: "any material, solid, liquid or gas, that is unwanted and/ or unvalued, and discarded or discharged by its owner."
Every bag of household and gardening rubbish thrown away in your wheeled bin is more than half full of potentially valuable resources. You can also rethink how you deal with rubbish by reducing and recycling it.Recycling - Recycling your rubbish has many benefits:-Saves Resources: Most of the things that we throw away are made from natural resources that are running out or that can not be replaced quickly enough to compensate for the amount that we use.Saves Energy: Making products out of recycled materials saves energy. For example, making aluminum cans from recycled aluminum uses 20 times less energy than from making the cans from new aluminum.Creates jobs: Businesses based around recycling are on the increase. If we all tried to recycle our rubbish this could grow even further Re-using waste extends the life of everyday things. By re-using waste we can significantly reduce how much ends up in the wheeled bin.
1. Take unwanted clothing, shoes, toys and bric-a-brac to your favorite charity shop.
2. Re-use envelopes by sticking an address label over the original address.
3. Use old carrier bags as plastic bin liners.
4. Donate unwanted magazines to the Doctor's or Dentist's waiting room. Other patients will certainly appreciate them.
5. Old boxes, margarine tubs and cardboard tubes can be used for art classes at your local school.
6. Lidded jars make really useful storage containers.
7. Clothing and towels that are too worn to be used by others make ideal cleaning cloths.
8. Reducing what we buy in the first place is the most effective way of reducing our rubbish. If we don't buy it in the first place, it won't end up as rubbish.
We need to think about what we are buying:
1. Do we really need this product?
2. Is there an alternative product available that does not create rubbish (or at least creates less rubbish)?
3. Why not pay a little more now so that the product will last longer, (low energy light bulbs, rechargeable batteries).
4. Try not to buy disposable products (razors, nappies, plastic cutlery, paper plates etc). 【出处：21教育名师】
5. Contact the Mailing Preference Service to stop junk mail being delivered to your home.
6. Composting at home can reduce the amount of waste thrown into your wheeled bin by up to 30%.
Then ask the students to discuss the seven questions and collect answers from the whole class.
(The answers are included in the material.)
Step IV Homework
T: Today we have listened to two materials. One is that our climate is becoming warmer; the other is about different ways to deal with rubbish. After class, you should listen to them again and sum up what you have learnt from them. For the homework, think about a question: What should you do in your daily life to protect our environment?
The Fifth Period Extensive Reading
Teaching goals 教学目标
1 Target language目标语言
a.重点词汇和短语
environment, environmental, be better at
b.重点句子
Some countries are better than others at looking after the environment.
There are laws that do not allow people to burn too much coal.
The Chinese government is fighting desertification by improving farming methods and planting trees and grass.www.21-cn-jy.com
2 Ability goals 能力目标
a Discuss the ways in which people improve the environment and a global problem: desertification.
b. Discuss the questions about the passage:
How do countries in Europe try to improve the environment?
When did the “Green” movement begin?
What does the “Green” movement try to do?
What was the Dust Bowl and when did it happen?
What parts of the world are affected by desertification?
3 Learning ability goals 学能目标
Enable the Ss to get to know about the way to improve the environment.
Teaching important points教学重点
Talk about the way to improve the environment.
Teaching difficult points教学难点
a. Discuss the answers to the questions.
b. Find the way to solve the problem.
Teaching methods教学方法
a. Fast reading.
b. Dealing with comprehension questions.
c. Discussion.
Teaching aids教具准备
A slide projector, and a computer.
Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式
Step I Revision
Check homework
T: Last class we have learned different ways to deal with rubbish in different countries and the result of a warmer climate. Now answer the question: What should you do in your daily life to protect our environment?
S1: We should put waste paper in a special bag in order to recycle it.
S2: We should try to avoid using plastic bags.
S3: We will put our leftover food into a special can.
S4: I won’t step on the grass any more.
S5: I won’t pick the flowers in spring.
S6: I will persuade people who smoke not to smoke.
Step II Reading (Page87)
This reading passage is about desertification and the Dust Bowl. After the first reading, let the Ss answer some questions in Activity9. Show the questions on the screen. Then, let them finish Activity10 and 11 on Page 88 after reading the text again.
(Show some pictures)
T: Look at the pictures first. What can you see from the pictures?
S1: The air is dirty.
S2: We can see there is a lot of dust in the air.
T: I will tell you that the pictures are about the Dust Bowl in the 1930s in the United States. Have you heard of it?
S3: No.
T: Do you want to know something about it?
S4: Yes.
T: OK. Today we’ll read a passage about the Dust Bowl.
(Show some other pictures)
T: Look at the pictures. What’s it?
S: It’s desert.
T: The area of the desert is increasing. Do you know the reason? Do you know its bad effect on environment?
S: Because people destroyed the forest, turned grassland into farmland and destroyed the balance of nature. The bad effect is that more farmland is turning into desert. There will be less land to plant crops and more people will starve to death.
T: Very good. Now we’ll read the passage about desertification. Turn to Page87, read it quickly and try to find the answers to the questions.
Questions: 1. What was the Dust Bowl and when did it happen?
2. What parts of the world are affected by desertification?
Give the students some time to read through the passage and collect answers from the whole class.
T: Now finish Activity10 and 11 on Page 88 after reading the text again.
(A few minutes later,)
T: All right. We’ll talk about the answers.
Ask several students to answer them one by one, and then show suggested answers.
Suggested answers:
Activity10: 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.T
Activity11: 1.d 2.c 3. e 4.a 5.b
Step III Cultural Corner (Page39)
Ask the students to read the passage quickly and answer the questions. Then check the answers.21cnjy.com
T: Just now, we learned something about the Dust Bowl and desertification. Now we’ll know something abut green movement. Read the passage and answer the questions.2·1·c·n·j·y
1. How do countries in Europe try to improve the environment?
2. When did the “Green” movement begin?
3. What does the “Green” movement try to do?
Ask students talk about the following two questions:
a. Are there organizations in China whose aim is to protect the environment?
b. What do you know about the organizations?
If students don’t know any, present them some materials.
Step IV Extra-reading
Here are two supplementary reading materials on the screen.
China Adopts Environment-Friendly Way to Dispose Rubbish
China is adopting an environment-friendly way of rubbish disposal by building its largest rubbish-burning fueled power plant in Shanghai, according to Friday's Chinadaily. The plant to be built in Shanghai's Pudong New District is designed to have the capacity to generate 100,000 megawatts of electricity annually by means of thermal energy generated through burning 365,000 tons of rubbish, the paper said. The project, expected to be completed in October 2001, will cost 670 million yuan (80.7 million U.S. dollars), including a low-interest loan of 30.17 million offered by the French government. The majority of the loan will be used to buy some key technology and equipment from France for the new power plant, an official surnamed Tao who is responsible for the construction of the plant and the installation of the equipment was quoted as saying.The plant will keep a close eye on the discharge of waste gas and smoke and fume emissions in accordance with the emission standards set by the European Union, said the official, adding that the new plant will become a pilot project for neighboring areas of Shanghai and other big cities in terms of rubbish disposal.
Shanghai now yields more than 10,000 tons of household waste every day, of which about 80 percent is buried after a fermenting procedure to decrease harmful elements.
China's First Home-Made Rubbish Power Plant Operational
China's first power plant using homemade equipment for generating electricity with rubbish was put into operation recently in east China's Zhejiang Province.
Costing a total investment of 90 million yuan (US$10.84 million), this non-government-run plant is able to handle 320 tons of rubbish per day and generate 25 million KWH of electricity per year.
Smoke and gas discharged after treatment, tested by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has measured up to the environmental standard set by the country.
The Sixth Period Writing
Teaching goals 教学目标
1 Target language目标语言
a重点词汇和短语
environmental, summarize, protection
b重点句子
Finally, write two or three sentences that summarize what you have said.
Then design a poster that encourages people to protect the environment.
2 Ability goals 能力目标
Enable the Ss to design a poster that encourages people to look after the environment. Learn to express personal opinions about environmental problems.
3 Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help the Ss to learn to design a poster and write a short passage to the Internet environment discussion group.
Teaching important& difficult points教学重点和教学难点
Teach the Ss how to design a poster and write a short passage to the Internet environment discussion group.
Teaching methods教学方法
a. Task-based learning.
b. Discussion..
c. Writing.
Teaching aids教具准备
A projector, and a computer.
Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式
Step I Revision
The materials about environment protection are put in the Appendix.
Step II Writing (Page38)
The purpose of this writing is for students to describe one environmental problem and say what we should do about it. It’s a good opportunity for a discussion about the problems and the solutions. After the discussion, they can write down the problems and the way to solve them.
T: Last class we have read some materials about environmental protection. Do you know some major environmental problems?
S1: air pollution, petrol pollution, waste water and noise pollution.
T: OK. There are many types of pollution. But choose a major one around you and find out the solution to solve it. Now discuss the problem in pairs and write down in a few sentences.
T: Have you finished it? I’ll ask some of you to read your short passage.
S1: One major environmental problem is indoor air pollution. There are many sources of indoor air pollution. Tobacco smoke, cooking and heating appliances, and vapors from building materials, paints, furniture, etc. cause pollution inside buildings. Air pollution can affect our health in many ways with both short-term and long-term effects. So we shouldn’t stay in the room for a long time. We need to go outdoors to breathe fresh air and do some exercises.
S2: One major environmental problem is black carbon pollution.. Black carbon pollution is the release of tiny particles into the air from burning fuel for energy. Now it constitutes a serious and widespread problem, not only to human health, but also to the entire global environment. We must find a new and less-polluted energy to replace coal.
T: Excellent! Now turn to Page40.
Step III Task
The purpose of this writing task is for the students to design a poster that encourages people to look after the environment.
T: Read through the passages that we have read in this module and find out seven things you can do in your everyday life for environmental protection.
T: Have you found them?
S1: We should put waste paper in a special bag in order to recycle it.
S2: We should try to avoid using plastic bags.
S3: We will put our leftover food into a special can.
S4: I won’t step on the grass any more.
S5: I won’t catch the bird.
S6: I will persuade people who smoke not to smoke.
S7: I will join an organization that protects the environment.
T: Now prepare a large piece of paper. Think of a heading for your poster.
(The teacher goes around the classroom to help students)
T: Now show your headings to the whole class.
S1: SAVE OUR EARTH
S2: SAVE THE BIRDS
S3: KEEP OFF THE GRASS
S4: NO SMOKING
S5: LEFTOVER FOOD HERE
T: Now complete the poster with a few sentences using pictures if necessary.
(Ask several students to show their posters)
Show sample poster:
SAVE OUR EARTH
Plant trees every year.
Keep off the grass.
Ride a bike or walk to work or school.
No smoking.
Don’t throw away rubbish.
Step IV Writing
Ask students to read the message on an Internet environment discussion group and find out the detailed information. Then write a message to the Internet environment discussion group to show your opinions about an environmental problem.
T: Now read the message and answer the three questions on top of Page90, Activity17.
(After read the passage)
T: Have you found the answers? Now we’ll check the answers. Now we’ll come to Activity18.
First you should choose a topic and then follow the instructions to write a message.
Suggested message:
I’m very concerned about global climate change. It’s a very serious global problem today.
From what I understand, there are many factors for global warming. The doubling atmospheric carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, would cause rising ocean temperatures, which will cause an increase in evaporation. The added water vapor, also a greenhouse gas, will enhance the greenhouse effect, which would further increase global warming.
There is evidence that for nearly two hundred years our planet has been warming. This is seen not only in climate observations, but also in some physical and biological indicators of environmental change. Some scientists, supported by concerned environmental organizations such as Greenpeace and the World Wild Life Fund, have concluded that many of the patterns associated with this warming can be attributed to the growing impact of human activity on the planet.
They have forecast that over the next hundred years we will create a climate on earth that will be warmer than any so far experienced by the human species. They believe that this rate of change may be unprecedented in the history of our planet and will be so great that many of our ecosystems and wildlife species will fail to adapt.
In recent years, more and more people are paying attention to this problem. But few of them take the measures. We need to stop people from doing it. We should do all that we can to reduce such pollution.
Step V Homework
Sum up the whole unit.
Book 3 Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia
第二部分： 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分45分）
第一节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5 分，满分15 分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Many years ago in a small village, an old man was hired to clear the spring up on the mountain. He patrolled (巡逻) the spring every day, and swept away all the leaves and other things 21. ________ would dirty the fresh flow of water. Soon, beautiful swans (天鹅) came to the clear spring, and the village became a popular 22. ________ (attract) for visitors.
Years passed. One evening the town leaders held a meeting. As they looked 23. ________ the payroll, one of them said, “Why do we keep this old man year after year? I don’t think we need 24. ________ or his work.” So the old man was asked 25. ________ (leave).21教育网
For several weeks, nothing changed. By early autumn, the leaves began to fall off the trees and the spring 26. ________ (cover) with leaves. A few days later, the water was much 27.? ________ (dark). Only a few months after the old man left, all the swans left. So did the tourists.
Quickly, the leaders held a special meeting. 28. ________ (realise) their mistake, they rehired the old man. Then within a few weeks, the spring began to clear up. Soon new life returned to the village.
No matter how small your work 29. ________ your life seems, never overlook it. Everything we do makes 30. ________ difference.
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
★★★☆☆
A successful man said, “Find a dream that makes you drool (垂涎).” In other words, find a dream that makes you do whatever it takes to make it a(n) ?31 .
A young man didn’t know how to ?32 ?his work. One day he was sitting in a park watching squirrels (松鼠) run in the trees. Suddenly, a squirrel jumped from one ?33 ?tree to another. It seemed to ?34 ?for a branch (树枝) so far out of ?35 ?that the jump looked impossible. And sure enough, the squirrel? 36 . But it still landed ?37 ?on a branch several feet lower. Then it just climbed up a little higher and reached the branch it really ?38 .
An old man sitting near the young man said, “It’s ?39 . I have seen a lot of squirrels ?40? like that. A lot of them miss, ?41 ?I have never seen one of them get hurt. I guess they have just got to ?42 ?it if they don’t want to spend their whole life in one ?43 .” Then the young man thought, “If a little squirrel is ?44 ?to take a chance, do I have less ?45 ?than a squirrel?”
At that moment he? ?46 ?to take a risk he had been thinking about. And sure enough, he landed safely in a position he ?47 ?thought possible.
Shoot for the moon. ?48 ?you miss, you will land among the stars. You will still ?49? higher and better than where you are now. Since life is short and time goes by so fast, why not make it the best one ?50 ?
31. A. holiday ? ????????????????? B. excuse
C. reality??????? ???????????????????? D. trick
32. A. face????? ?????????????????? B. stop?? ?????
C. finish ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. create
33. A. thick ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. high? ?????????????
C. old ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. young
34. A. aim ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. search? ????
C. care ? ???????????????????? ?????? D. stand
35. A. order ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. date ????????
C. sight ??????? ???????????????????? D. reach
36. A. succeeded ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. fell ?????????
C. missed ?????????????????????????? D. appeared
37. A. wisely ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. safely ?????????????
C. exactly ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. gradually
38. A. rested? ???????????????????? B. liked??
C. discovered ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. wanted
39. A. funny ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. exciting ???
C. dangerous? ??????????????????? D. boring
40. A. jump ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. live? ???????
C. die ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. escape
41. A. so ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. if ????????????
C. or????????????? ???????????????????? D. but
42. A. design? ? ????????????????? B. risk? ???????
C. enjoy? ?????????????????????????? D. accept
43. A. park? ? ??????????????????? B. city? ???????
C. tree? ????????????????????? ?????? D. branch
44. A. afraid ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. prepared ??
C. nervous ????????????????? ?????? D. fortunate
45. A. chance? ?????????????????? B. time? ????????????? 21*cnjy*com
C. sense? ?????????????????????????? D. courage
46. A. refused? ?????????????????? B. decided? ??
C. agreed ??????????? ?????? ?????? D. regretted
47. A. never ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. always? ???
C. still??????????? ? ?????????? ?????? D. sometimes
48. A. Every time? ???????????? B. As long as?
C. Even if? ???????????????? ?????? D. As soon as
49. A. give up????????????????????? B. put up???????
C. end up ?????????????????????????? D. pick up
50. A. ready??? ????????????????? B. possible? ?
C. difficult? ???????? ?????? ?????? D. correct
第三部分： 阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
★★☆☆☆
In the 1930s, the people of the southern Great Plains suffered (遭受痛苦) through one of the worst disasters in history.
That April Sunday in 1935 started out beautiful. But later the wind picked up earth, and it looked like a huge black cloud. By the time it got to an area called No Man’s Land, the cloud was thousands of feet high.
Close by in Liberal, Kansas, 11-year-old Lila Lee and a friend sought refuge (藏身处) from the angry mountain of dust in a house. “I was sure I was going to die,” she told historian Paul Bonnifield.
That day was known as Black Sunday. Robert Geiger, a reporter, knew how the area’s farmers had already suffered from the long drought (旱灾). In his article, Geiger made up a phrase that gave a name to the area: the Dust Bowl.
The disaster had a number of causes. But most experts say it was the actions of humans that made it so bad. Early in the 20th century, a lot of people began to settle there, encouraged by the building of new railroads. The worst thing that settlers did was to plow up (铲掉) the area’s grass to plant wheat. The grass, which had been there for centuries, was the material that kept the soil together. Without it, trouble was certain to come. 21cnjy.com
At first, things went the settlers’ way. During World WarⅠ , there was good rain and wheat prices were high. But after the war, prices dropped. Some people gave up their land and the rains stopped. But because so many people had plowed up so much grass, the results were disastrous.
The crisis (危机) didn’t pass until the end of the 1930s. The government developed methods to fight dust storms. Finally, in 1939, the rains returned.
51. Which of the following describes the situation of Black Sunday?
A. There were no clouds in the sky.
B. The rain was extremely heavy.
C. It was hotter than ever before.
D. The earth was on the move.
52. Lila Lee who experienced Black Sunday felt _____.
A. fearless?????????????????????????? B. calm??
C. frightened ?????????????? ?????? D. ashamed
53. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refers to “_____”.
A. the soil?????????????????????????? B. the grass ??
C. the rain?????????????????????????? D. the cloud
54. Why did some people give up their land after World WarⅠ ?
A. There was too much grass in the farmland.
B. They earned little money by selling wheat.
C. Their land was too wet to plant wheat.
D. Their land was used to build railroads.
?
B
★★☆☆☆
“A cupcake can’t change someone’s life, but people who care can.” That’s the motto (座右铭) of 12-year-old Anna Koppelman.
Last year, Anna visited a homeless shelter (收容所) in New York City with her school. Afterward, she talked with her parents about how she might help the children who lived there. “Somehow we started talking about birthday parties, and I said, ‘Oh! That’s something they really should have,’” Anna says.
Anna shared her idea with a teacher at school. With the teacher’s help, Anna and some classmates planned a racecar-themed (以赛车为主题的) birthday party for children at the homeless shelter. Anna made a cake with a racetrack on it. Other kids brought plates, toy cars, face paint, a game, and presents. On the day of the party, Anna says, “I was a little nervous about how it was going to go. But once I got there and saw the kids’ faces light up, all the fears went away.”
Since that first party, Anna has thrown dozens of themed parties at shelters and after-school programs. She says she has been amazed at the amount of time, energy, and resources people have been willing to donate to her cause (事业).
Now, Anna’s charity Birthday Fairies throws parties at five locations in New York City. They return to each location every month for a year so that all the kids get to be a guest of honor during their birthday month. As often as possible, the parties are themed.
Anna also started a website, where she shares party-planning tips and encourages others to form Birthday Fairies clubs at their schools.
Someday, Anna says she’d like to see Birthday Fairies clubs in schools across the United States and in other parts of the world. “There are so many kids who never get to celebrate their birthday,” Anna says. “I want to change that.”
55. The first party Anna’s charity held _____.?
A. took place in her school
B. received little attention
C. was very successful
D. cost too much
56. What can we learn about Birthday Fairies?
A. It has got many people’s support.
B. It generally holds one party one month.
C. Anna’s parents have spent much money on it.
D. It always holds activities in homeless shelters.21世纪教育网版权所有
57. The last two paragraphs show Anna hopes to _____.21教育名师原创作品
A. start her own website
B. travel around the world
C. spread her acts of kindness
D. know more about party-planning
58. What would be the best title for the text?
A. A sweet cause??????????
B. A homeless shelter
C. A delicious cupcake
D. An unforgettable party
?
C
★★★☆☆
Move over Percy Jackson — and make room for Super Mario. According to a recent study, 15 percent of libraries in the U.S. now lend video games as well as books and movies. Many even have Xboxes, PlayStations, and Wiis right in the library. Adding video games has helped some libraries attract more visitors. For example, in Texas, the Houston Public Library began offering video games in 2008. It has since seen the number of books checked out increase by about 20 percent.
Not everyone gives a high score to the idea of video games in the library, however. Many people say libraries should be about reading. They argue that most video games aren’t educational and that playing games in the library could disturb kids who are trying to read or study.21·世纪*教育网
Here’s what two of our readers think.
Offering video games in libraries would help libraries become more modern and make them a more popular place to hang out. Also, some people do not have the money to buy their own video games, so they would be able to play them at the library. Kids could do their homework at the library and then spend their extra time playing video games until their parents pick them up.　　21*cnjy*com
—Nicolas Viamin, California
Libraries are supposed to be for studying and learning. Parents often have to tell their kids to get off the computer and read, so there’s a good chance kids will pick video games over books at the library. Also, video games can be distracting. If you are at the library trying to study and people are playing video games, it could hurt your grades.2-1-c-n-j-y
—Emma Valerio, Connecticut
59. What can we learn about the Houston Public Library in Texas?
A. It has more visitors than before.
B. It is the biggest library in the U.S.
C. It has fewer books checked out.
D. It has a long history.
60. The underlined part “gives a high score to” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_____”.
A. expresses????????????????? ?????? B. supports????
C. changes?????????????????????????? D. discusses
61. The author mainly discusses whether video games should _____.
A. be sold in libraries
B. be replaced by books
C. be educational for kids
D. be available in libraries
?
D
★★★★☆
VANCOUVER ISLAND WILDLIFE MINI ADVENTURE
4 days from US$799
? ? ? If you’ve got a taste for Western Canada but time is not long enough, then this 4-day mini adventure (冒险的经历) from Vancouver is just the ticket. Watch the wonderful sight appear before your eyes. This is nature at its best.
Included Activities
?????? Explore (探索) beautiful Tofino with many small islands at its sea
?????? Return ferry crossing (坐船横渡) to Vancouver Island 21·cn·jy·com
?????? Vancouver sightseeing tour
?????? See Victoria’s old and new buildings
?????? Wildlife viewing opportunities
?????? Bear viewing trip
Vancouver Island Wildlife Map
Activities You Can Choose (paid locally)
?????? Museums US$10-$20
?????? Wildlife viewing US$ Free
?????? Swimming US$ Free
?????? Whale watching US$70-$90
Tour Facts
Accommodation (住宿): 3 nights camping with equipment (except the sleeping bag)
Guided: Services of a professional tour leader
Group size: 13 at most
Departure (出发) month:? Jul-Aug
Age: 18+
Private Departures
Why not arrange your own Grand American Adventures departure? For groups of 8 or more, we can offer private departures at special prices. Although tours will run as planned, slight changes may be considered and dates can be chosen to suit your needs. So phone us today and start planning your own adventure.
Book Your Trip
?????? You only need to pay US$200 first.
?????? Full payment is due 8 weeks before the tour departure.
62. The mini adventure mentioned in the text will _____.
A. last for a week
B. start from Tofino
C. provide a boat trip
D. take place in Northern Canada
63. Which of the following activities during the trip is up to your free choice?
A. Bear viewing.
B. Whale watching.
C. Ferry crossing to Vancouver Island.
D. Seeing Victoria’s old and new buildings.
64. To take part in the mini adventure, you have to _____.
A. be good at swimming
B. prepare a sleeping bag
C. be at least 13 years old
D. pay for museums before departure
65. What do we know about the private departures?
A. Visitors can choose their favorite departure dates.
B. They are more expensive than the mini adventure.
C. The plans stay unchanged throughout the year.
D. At most eight groups can be served every day.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Developing healthy eating habits
Children develop a natural preference for the foods they enjoy the most, so the challenge is to make healthy choices attractive. Of course, it’s always going to be difficult to make your eight-year-old believe that an apple is as sweet a treat as a cookie. However, you can make sure that your children’s diet is as nutritious (有营养的) and healthy as possible, even while allowing for some of their favorite treats.
Children are good at imitating. ??66 ?It’s no good asking your child to eat fruit and vegetables while you eat potato chips and drink soda.
Top tips to form healthy childhood eating habits:
·? 67 ?Knowing dinner is served at about the same time every night and that the entire family will be sitting down together is comforting and increases appetite (食欲). Breakfast is another great time for a family meal, especially since kids who eat breakfast tend to do better in school.
· Cook more meals at home. Eating home cooked meals is healthier. ??68 ?Save dining out for special occasions.
· Get kids involved. Children enjoy helping adults to shop for groceries and preparing dinner. ?69
· Make a variety of healthy snacks available instead of empty calorie snacks. ??70? Kids will become used to reaching for healthy snacks instead of snacks like soda, chips, or cookies.
A. Eat the new food yourself.
B. Have regular family meals.
C. Serve new foods with favorite foods.
D. Restaurant meals tend to have more fat, sugar, and salt.
E. So it’s important that you act as a role model for your kids.
F. It’s also a chance for you to teach them about the nutritional values of different foods.www-2-1-cnjy-com
G. Keep plenty of fruits, vegetables and healthy drinks such as milk and pure fruit juice around.
?
第四部分： 写作 （共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
?????? 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
?????? 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
?????? 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
?????? 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
?????? 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I have a friend calling Emily. Last year, Emily started wanting to borrow my things all the time. She borrowed things that like a shirt, a hat, a game, and a necklace. I always gave her what she asked because she was my friend. But then I noticed that she was not giving back the things she has borrowed! I asked Emily to return my things, though she said that she could remember what she had borrowed. So I made the list and gave them to her. For my surprise, the only thing she brought back the next day was a dirt T-shirt.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
垃圾已经成为一个严重的环境问题。假如你是李华，请你给某英语杂志社的编辑写一封信反映这个情况，说明垃圾的危害以及处理办法。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 信的开头和结尾部分已经给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear Editor,
Rubbish is now one of the main environmental problems.??
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
????????????? ???? Yours sincerely,
???????????????????? ???? Li Hua
Book 3 Module 4参考答案
参考答案
21. which / that ??? ?????? 22. attraction?
23. at ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 24. him
25. to leave ????????? ?????? 26. was covered
27. darker ??????????? ?????? 28. Realising
29. or ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 30. a
31-35 CABAD?????? ?????? 36-40 CBDAA??????
41-45 DBCBD ? ? ? ? ? ? 46-50 BACCB ?????
51-55 DCBBC ? ? ? ? ? ? ?56-60 ACAAB????? ???
61-65 DCBBA????????????? 66-70 EBDFG
短文改错：
71. ... friend calling Emily. ? ? ? ? ?calling → called? 【出处：21教育名师】
72. ... things that like ... ? ? ? ? ? ??去掉that
73. ... what she asked ... ???? ???? asked后加for
74. ... she has borrowed! ? ? ? ? ? has → had???? 【版权所有：21教育】
75. ..., though she said ... ? ? ? ? ? though → but ????
76. ... she could remember ... ? ? could → couldn’t或could后加not
77. ... made the list ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? the → a
78. ... gave them to ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?them → it???????????
79. For my surprise, ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? For → To?????
80. ... a dirt T-shirt. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? dirt → dirty
One possible version:
Dear Editor,
Rubbish is now one of the main environmental problems.
With the increasing population, more and more rubbish is produced every day and some rubbish does great harm to the environment: it pollutes the air, the soil and the water. Today many cities are troubled by mountains of rubbish. It not only affects our daily life but results in serious illnesses.
We must find a better way to deal with rubbish. First of all, rubbish should be put in different places according to whether they can be recycled or not. Secondly, everybody must realise that it is everybody’s duty to keep the environment clean. Finally, I think that laws must be passed on how to deal with rubbish.
??????????????????????????? ????? Yours sincerely,
????????????????????????????????? ?????????? Li Hua
?部分解析
语法填空：
21. which / that。指代先行词leaves and other things且在定语从句中作主语用which / that。
22. attraction。形容词popular后面跟名词attraction。
23. at。look at意为“仔细察看，看着”。
24. him。句意为“我认为我们不需要他 (him) 或他的工作”。
25. to leave。ask sb. to do sth. 意为“叫某人做某事”。此句为被动语态，动词不定式to leave作主语补足语。
26. was covered。根据句意“泉水被叶子覆盖了”可知要用被动语态，且整篇文章用的是过去时，故用was covered。
27. darker。much用于修饰比较级，表示“……得多”的意思。
28. Realising。句子的主语they和realise之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且realise所表示的动作先于谓语动作发生，因此用动词-ing形式短语作原因状语。
29. or。your work与your life表选择关系。句意：无论你的工作或生活看起来多么渺小，永远都不要小看它。
30. a。make a difference意为“有作用/影响”。
?
完形填空：
话题：个人情感
?????? 本文是夹叙夹议文。一位年轻人从松鼠跳跃树枝得到启发，从而鼓起勇气，决心为心仪的职位冒一次险。
31. C。让你垂涎的梦想就是你想用尽一切办法使之成为“现实（reality）”的梦想。
32. A。由下文的 ... take a risk ..., he landed safely in a position可知，这位年轻人在工作中遇到了麻烦，不知如何“面对（face）”。
33. B。由下文的But it still landed ... on a branch several feet lower可知，松鼠是从一棵“高（high）”树跳到另一棵。
34. A。松鼠想跳到另外一棵树的树枝上。aim for以……为目标。
35. D。由下文的the jump looked impossible可知，松鼠离它想跳的树枝很远。out of reach够不到。
36. C。由下文But一词可知，松鼠没有跳到它想跳的树枝上。miss在此处为fail to reach之意。
37. B。虽然未达到目标，但松鼠仍然“安全地（safely）”跳到了较低的树枝上。下文的never seen one of them get hurt是提示。
38. D。松鼠继续跳跃，最终到了自己“想要（wanted）”到达的那根树枝。
39. A。老人认为松鼠不断跳跃的场面很“有趣（funny）”。
40. A。很多松鼠如年轻人看到的松鼠一样“跳跃（jump）”。
41. D。“很多松鼠错过目标”与“从未看到一只松鼠受伤”之间是转折关系，故选but。
42. B。由下文的to take a chance可知，松鼠“冒险（risk）”去跳跃树枝。
43. C。松鼠是在树之间跳跃。
44. B。松鼠尝试从很高的树跳跃到另外一棵高树上，是做好了准备去冒险。be prepared to do sth.准备做某事；乐意做某事。
45. D。年轻人看到松鼠跳跃树枝的勇敢，反问自己是否缺少“勇气（courage）”面对工作中的困境。
46. B。由下文的he landed safely in a position可知，年轻人“决定（decided）”冒险做他想做的事情。
47. A。年轻人所得到的这个职位是他原来觉得“决不（never）”可能的。
48. C。49. C。由松鼠跳跃树枝的故事可知，定下如奔向月亮的远大志向，“纵使（Even if）”不能到达，也会跻身于繁星之中，也会比你现在的位置更高、更好。end up以……结束。
50. B。既然人生短暂，时光易逝，为何不努力去实现最精彩的人生呢？possible可能发生的。
?
阅读理解：
A篇（自然）
?????? 本文是记叙文。文章介绍了美国历史上一次严重的气候灾难。
51. D。细节理解题。根据第二段的the wind picked up earth和第三段的the angry mountain of dust可知，黑色星期天发生的是一场沙尘暴。
52. C。推理判断题。根据第三段Lila Lee说的I was sure I was going to die可知，面对1935年那场沙尘暴，她感到非常惊恐。
53. B。篇章结构题。根据上文可知，正是因为粘合土壤的草皮被铲掉，才导致沙尘暴的发生。
54. B。细节理解题。由倒数第二段的During World War Ⅰ, there was good rain and wheat prices were high. But after the war, prices dropped可知，一战以后，小麦价格下跌导致了一些人放弃了土地。
B篇（周围的人）
?????? 本文是记叙文。文章介绍了十二岁女孩Anna Koppelman创办慈善组织来帮助他人的故事。
55. C。推理判断题。从第三段的I got there and saw the kids’ faces light up可知，孩子们脸上喜悦的笑容说明了安娜初次举办的慈善生日宴会很成功。
56. A。细节理解题。根据第四段的she has been amazed at the amount of time, energy, and resources people have been willing to donate to her cause可知，很多人支持安娜的慈善组织。www.21-cn-jy.com
57. C。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的encourages others to form Birthday Fairies clubs和最后一段的she’d like to see Birthday Fairies clubs in schools across the United States and in other parts of the world可知，安娜希望传播她的善举。
58. A。标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了十二岁女孩Anna Koppelman开办慈善组织Birthday Fairies来帮助他人的故事。A项中的A sweet cause指代Anna Koppelman所从事的慈善活动是一项能带给人们美好、甜蜜的事业。
C篇（热点话题）
?????? 本文是议论文。文章就图书馆是否应该提供视频游戏进行了讨论。
59. A。细节理解题。休斯顿公共图书馆的事例是对上一句Adding video games has helped some libraries attract more visitors的进一步补充。由于提供视频游戏，休斯顿公共图书馆的访问者越来越多。2·1·c·n·j·y
60. B。词义猜测题。文章第一段的调查报告显示人们对图书馆提供视频游戏的喜爱，而第二段however的转折引出了人们对此事的讨论，由此可知，并不是所有人都赞成图书馆提供视频游戏。故该短语有“支持”的意思。
61. D。主旨大意题。本文作者从一项研究报告开始，引用两位读者的观点，展开了对图书馆是否应该提供视频游戏的讨论。
D篇（旅游）
?????? 本文是应用文。文章是一项迷你冒险活动的广告宣传。
62. C。细节理解题。由文中的Return ferry crossing to Vancouver Island可知，此次活动有乘船旅行部分。
63. B。细节理解题。由Activities You Can Choose (paid locally)部分所列的Whale watching US$70-$90可知，观看鲸鱼是可以自由选择的活动。
64. B。细节理解题。由文中的Accommodation: 3 nights camping with equipment (except the sleeping bag)可知，游客需自备睡袋。
65. A。推理判断题。由文中的dates can be chosen to suit your needs可知，Private Departures更加灵活，游客可自行决定出发日期。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
?
七选五：
话题：健康
?????? 本文是说明文。文章是关于儿童健康饮食习惯形成的几条建议。
66. E。由下文的It’s no good ... 可知，儿童善于模仿，因此家长要给孩子树立好的榜样。
67. B。由本段的the same time every night以及family meal可知，要形成有规律的家庭用餐习惯。
68. D。由本段的Eating home cooked meals is healthier可知，饭店的食物并不健康。
69. F。孩子参与买菜和做饭，有利于家长教他们不同食物的营养价值。
70. G。由Kids will become used to reaching ... 可知，家中需备充足的健康食品，这样有助于孩子养成健康的饮食习惯。
?
Part 1 INTRODUCTION & READING AND VOCABULARY
I. 选用所给的单词填空。
A. frightening; frightened
1. Don’t be ________ to complain if the service is bad.21cnjy.com
2. It was a very ________ experience and they were very brave.www.21-cn-jy.com
B. campaign; activity
1. There was a lot of ________ in preparation for the Queen’s visit.
2. The company has launched a(n) ________ to improve the training of staff.
C. strength; force; power
1. We can use the ________ of the wind to make electricity.2·1·c·n·j·y
2. I am too thin and I haven’t the ________ to carry you.21·世纪*教育网
3. Teachers aren’t allowed to use ________ in controlling their pupils.
II. 根据括号内所给的汉语提示补全下列句子（每空一词）。
1. Many forests there ________ ________ ________ ________ (已被砍伐) to make room for farming.www-2-1-cnjy-com
2. I’m not surprised he’s feeling ill — he was eating ice cream ________ ________ ________ (一根接一根) yesterday!　　21*cnjy*com
3. We ________ ________ ________ (突然遭遇) a rainstorm on the way here.
4. While I was sowing the seeds, Tom was ________ ________ (挖出) potatoes.
5. The floods ________ ________ (冲走) buildings, roads and power lines, so many people had to live in the open air.【出处：21教育名师】
6. It’s time you ________ ________ ________ (意识到) the fact that you’re not very popular.21教育名师原创作品
7. The furniture hasn’t been cleaned for days, so it is covered with ________ ________ (厚厚的尘土).21*cnjy*com
III. 每空填一词，使每组句子的意思相同或相近。
1. It was such a difficult question that I could hardly answer it.
①The question was ________ difficult ________ I could hardly answer it.
②The question was ________ difficult ________ ________ ________ ________.
③The question wasn’t ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
2. Northwest China is the place where sandstorms often happen in spring.
Northwest China is the place ________ ________ ________ frequent sandstorms in spring.
3. It appears that Mary has changed her mind.
Mary ________ ________ ________ ________ her mind.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
4. It was more difficult for us to drive through the town because of the thick fog.
The thick fog ________ ________ more difficult for us to drive through the town.
5. Rain has been predicted for the weekend.
Rain has been ________ for the weekend.
6. His doctor advised him against smoking.
His doctor advised him ________ ________ ________.21·cn·jy·com
?
?
Part 2 GRAMMAR
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Let those in need _____ that we will go all out to help them.? (陕西2013)
A. to understand??? ??????????? B. understand???? 21教育网
C. understanding????? ??????? D. understood
2. The students are looking forward to having an opportunity _____ society for real-life experience. (上海2013)【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
A. explore????? ???????????????????? B. to explore 2-1-c-n-j-y
C. exploring?? ???????????????????? D. explored
3. Volunteering gives you a chance _____ lives, including your own.? (北京2013)
A. change ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. changing??? 【版权所有：21教育】
C. changed???? ???????????????????? D. to change
4. The airport _____ next year will help promote tourism in this area.? (四川2013)
A. being completed???? ????? B. to be completed?
C. completed?? ????????????????? D. having been completed
5. The engine just won’t start. Something seems _____ wrong with it.? (重庆2013)
A. to go??? ?????????????????????? B. to have gone?
C. going ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. having gone
?
Part 3 LISTENING AND VOCABULARY, PRONUNCIATION AND FUNCTION, SPEAKING 1, SPEAKING 2, WRITING, EVERYDAY ENGLISH, CULTURAL CORNER & TASK
I. 根据括号内所给的汉语提示补全下列句子（每空一词）。
1. I can’t stand the bad smell that the food ________ ________ (发出); it makes me feel sick.
2. I have no idea if I can pass the exam this time, but I will ________ ________ ________ (尽力).
3. ________ ________ ________ ________ (依我的理解), your long life is due to your healthy lifestyle.
4. I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (非常同意你的观点).
5. Brian ________ ________ ________ ________ (扮演了一个主要的角色) in the play.
6. ________ ________ ________ ________ (没有充分的证据) to prove him guilty.
II. 用合适的短语或单词替换划线部分，使替换后的句子和原句句意相同或相近。
1. I’ve gone through all my papers but I still can’t find the contract.??? (????????? )
2. In a nutshell, the owners thought they knew best.? (????????? )
3. Drinking can be bad for your body.????? (????????? )
4. The man was too foxy. We were completely taken in by his story. (????????? )
5. The report called for immediate action to reduce lead in petrol.?? (????????? )
6. My fears melted when I saw his kind expression.? (????????? )
III. 用本模块所学词汇完成下面短文。
Today the quality of our natural 1. ________ (环境) has become an important problem. More and more people have 2. ________ (变得关注) it. The world’s population is rising so quickly that the world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources and using too many dangerous 3. ________ (化学药品). 4. ________ (垃圾) can be seen everywhere. In fact many materials in our daily life can be 5. ________ (再循环). People 6. c________ that the air is not as? fresh as before. If we go on like this, we won’t be able to live on the earth in the future.
It is necessary that people pay more attention to the 7. ________ (protect) of the earth and stop the 8. ________ (pollute).
?
答案
Part 1
I. A. 1. frightened 2. frightening???
B. 1. activity ?????? 2. campaign??
C. 1. power???? ?? 2. strength?? ?3. force?
II. 1. have been cut down????? ?????? 2. one after another
3. were / got caught in?? ??????????? 4. digging up
5. swept away??????? ?????????????????? 6. woke up to ??????
7. thick dust
III. 1. ① so; that? ????? ②too; for me to answer
③simple enough for me to answer
2. where there are??
3. appears to have changed
4. made it? ?? ?????????? ????5. forecast???????
6. not to smoke
Part 2
1-5 BBDBB
Part 3
?I. 1. gives out?????????? 2. do my best?
3. From what I understand
4. couldn’t agree with you more
5. played a major role?
6. There wasn’t enough evidence
II. 1. looked through? ? ????2. In a word?
3. have a bad effect on???? 4. cheated
5. urgent ????????????? ???????6. disappeared
III. 1. environment??
2. become concerned about
3. chemicals ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?4. Garbage?????
5. recycled???????????? ???? ???6. complain??????? 21世纪教育网版权所有
7. protection?? ??????????? ????8. pollution
CHECKING CORNER，Parts 1-3，Book 3 Module 4
Part 1 INTRODUCTION & READING AND VOCABULARY
I. 根据本模块所学单词及各句句意和所给的提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. The two robbers wearing m________ have been caught by police.
2. There was a m________ of people around the club entrance.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
3. A s________ is a strong wind in a desert area, which carries sand through the air.
4. Nobody lives in the house, and the books on the shelf are all covered with d________.
5. She is German by birth but is now a French c________.
6. They started a(n) ________ (运动) to stop people smoking.
7. According to the weather ________ (预报) it will be sunny tomorrow.
8. It took about 20 minutes for her to ________ (骑自行车) the 5 miles to her home.
9. Increasing the number of women in top management jobs will be a slow ________ (过程).
10. At this point, the coast road turns ________ (向内陆) for several miles.
II. 选用方框内合适的短语并用其适当形式填空。（每个短语限用一次）
cut down, go out, wake up, be caught in, one after another21教育名师原创作品
1. We ________ heavy rain when playing in the park yesterday.
2. You should ________ to the fact that you are not working hard enough．
3. The teacher asked the students to answer his questions ________.
4. Many big trees along the road have been ________ in order to build houses.
5. I didn’t speak with Jane. When I telephoned, her mother told me that she had ________.
III. 每空填一词，使上下两句话的意思相同或相近。
1. How can you go on working with all that noise going on?2·1·c·n·j·y
How can you ________ ________ ________ with all that noise going on?
2. The rooms are all large and they each can hold three big beds.
The rooms are all ________ ________ ________ hold three big beds each.
3. As a result of the terrible storm, many people lost their homes.
________ ________ the terrible storm, many people lost their homes.
4. To tell which coat is better is difficult, because they both are beautiful.
________ ________ ________ to tell which coat is better, because they both are beautiful.
IV. 根据括号内所给的汉语提示，补全下列句子，每空一词。
1. He has done so much ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (在如此短的时间内) that almost everyone thinks that it is a miracle．
2. The flood occurred after the rainstorm and the waters ________ ________ (冲走) part of a road.
3. We’ll have to think of a way of ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (阻止这种疾病扩散).
4. The teacher’s explanation ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (使我们容易理解) the text.
5. In my opinion, another way ________ ________ ________ ________ (交新朋友) is to go to a club.21*cnjy*com
6. It is said that the new chairman will take office ________ ________ ________ ________ (两周后).
V. 根据括号内所给的提示翻译下列句子。
1. 听到这个坏消息，她甚至连站起来的力气都没有了。 (strength)
???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
2. 对一个孩子来说去医院是很可怕的。 (frightening)
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????
3. 我建议你在作决定前仔细想想。 (advise)
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
4. 战争对这个国家的经济有很坏的影响。 (have a bad effect on)
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Part 2 GRAMMAR
I. 用括号内所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。
1. The five-year-old girl was the only one ________ (survive) the crash.
2. They reached the playground out of breath, only ________ (tell) the match had been put off.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
3. Mary pretended ________ (not see) me when I passed by the other day.
4. Don’t pretend ________ (study); you are holding your book upside down.
5. The great writer is said ________ (bring up) in a poor family in the mountain village.21教育网
6. There is nothing he could do but ________ (read) books all day long.
7. The cold-blooded animal has no choice but ________ (lie down) and sleep.
8. We couldn’t help but ________ (laugh) while watching the funny film.
II. 下列各句中均有错误，请找出并改正。
1. The scientist was reported having made an important discovery.
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
2. Cycling around the city is certainly good for the elderly, but it still remains to see whether they enjoy it.?
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
3. The young mother often asks her son not eat too much meat.
????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
4. It is always easier making friends than to keep them.
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 21·世纪*教育网
5. You mustn’t forget bringing your dictionary when you come here tomorrow.
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
6. I cannot choose but telling my father the truth.
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
III. 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. We’ve had a good start, but next, more work needs _____ to achieve the final success. (湖南2012)
A. being done?????????? ????????? B. do?????????? www.21-cn-jy.com
C. to be done?????????? ?????????? D. to do
2. If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but _____ an even greater challenge. (陕西2012)
A. meets?????????????????? B. meeting?
C. meet??????????????????? D. to meet
3. George returned after the war, only _____ that his wife had left him. (山东2012)
A. to be told ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. telling???
C. being told?????? ??????? ??D. told
4. We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _____ at the meeting will influence the future of our company.??? (重庆2012)
A. to be made
B. being made
C. made
D. having been made
Part 3 LISTENING AND VOCABULARY，PRONUNCIATION AND FUNCTION， SPEAKING，WRITING，EVERYDAY ENGLISH，CULTURAL CORNER & TASK
I. 根据本模块所学单词及各句句意和所给的提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. Taiyuan is an inland city, while Qingdao is a c________ city.21世纪教育网版权所有
2. A noisy smoke-filled room is not a good e________ to work in.
3. The broken door was e________ that someone had broken into the house.
4. As is known to us all, smoking is one of the m________ causes of cancer.
5. The most u________ thing in a fire is to make sure everyone is out of the building.
6. It was warmer now, and the snow was beginning to ________(融化).
7. New techniques for ________ (重新利用) plastics are being introduced.
8. —Do you allow your kids to travel alone at night?【版权所有：21教育】
—________ (绝对地) not! It’s dangerous.
9. Be careful! Some of these ________ (化学药品) are harmful to your health.
10. The ________ (氛围) over dinner was warm and friendly.
II. 选用方框内合适的短语并用其适当形式填空。（每个短语限用一次）
if possible, give out, take in, put on, look through, be concerned about
1. The roses in my garden ________ a sweet smell.
2. I saw Bill ________ his coat hurriedly and run out of the house.
3. I ________ Ann, because she looks so pale, and doesn’t want to eat anything.
4. Every evening, my grandpa spends half an hour ________ the newspapers.
5. I tried my best to explain the matter to him, but he still couldn’t ________ what I was saying.21cnjy.com
6. I have a lot of things to do now, but ________, I want to get back by five o’clock.
III. 根据括号内所给的汉语提示，补全下列句子，每空一词。
1. The storm ________ ________ ________ ________ (对……造成很大损害) the rice crop.21·cn·jy·com
2. I hope you will ________ ________ ________ (认真考虑) whether you should buy a new house.　　21*cnjy*com
3. Alex ________ ________ ________ (更擅长于) communicating with strangers than his brother.
4. Although they ________ ________ ________ (尽了最大的力量), they were not able to move the great stone.
5. ________ ________ ________ (简言之), loving someone is about giving, not receiving.
6. —How is it going with your work recently?
—Well, to be honest, ________ ________ ________ ________ (再糟糕不过了).
IV. 利用所学词汇和语法等知识完成下面短文。
Desertification and sandstorms
?????? One third of China’s land 1. ________ (be) affected by desertification. 2. D________ caused by desertification costs about 6.5 billion dollars every year. Desertification does not just affect the life of people living in the dry areas. It also affects cities and even neighboring countries in the 3. ________ (形式) of sandstorms. Sandstorms 4. o________ in China every year. They transport huge amounts of soil and 5. d________ from their source areas in Mongolia and China to the rest of North-East Asia. Though it is a natural event in North Asia for thousands of years, these sandstorms are increasing in frequency and 6. ________ (力量).
?????? Human activities also play a role in desertification. Careless use of land and water resources, which are already 7. ________ (稀少的) in these regions, has contributed to the rate of desertification. Population 8. ________ (grow) also causes people to increase the rate of activities on the land as they seek to improve their life.
答案
Part 1
I. 1. masks????? ????? ??? 2. mass??? ????? 3. sandstormwww-2-1-cnjy-com
4. dust???? ????? ?????????? 5. citizen ????? 6. campaign2-1-c-n-j-y
7. forecast????? ????? ??? 8. cycle?? ????? 9. process【出处：21教育名师】
10. inland
II. 1. were caught in ??? 2. wake up
3. one after another ????? 4. cut down
5. gone out
III. 1. continue to work ?????? 2. large enough to
3. Because of ????????????? ?????? 4. It is difficult
IV. 1. in so short a time / in such a short time
2. swept away
3. preventing the disease from spreading
4. made it easy for us to understand
5. to make / of making new friends
6. in two weeks’ time
V. 1. On hearing the bad news, she didn’t even have the strength to stand up.
2. Going to hospital can be very frightening for a child.
3. I advise you to think carefully before you make a decision.
4. The war had a very bad effect on the country’s economy.
Part 2
I. 1. to have survived? 2. to be told
3. not to have seen ?????? 4. to be studying
5. to have been brought up
6. read ???????????????? 7. to lie down
8. laugh
II. 1. having → to have?????? 2. see → be seen
3. eat → to eat
4. making → to make
5. bringing → to bring 6. telling → tell
III. 1-4 CDAA
Part 3
I. 1. coastal? ??2. environment 3. evidence
4. major ?????? ????? 5. urgent ????????????? 6. melt
7. recycling??? 8. Absolutely
9. chemicals ? 10. atmosphere
II. 1. give out ?????? 2. put on
3. am concerned about
4. looking through
5. take in? ??? 6. if possible
III. 1. did much damage to
2. think seriously about
3. is better at 4. did / tried their best
5. In a nutshell?????? 6. it couldn’t be worse
IV. 1. is 2. Damage ??? ???? 3. form
4. occur 5. dust ?? ??????????? 6. strength
7. rare ?? 8. growth
Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia
一．单词拼写
1 people don’t care enough about the ___________(环境)21*cnjy*com
2 C _________ rain did damage to the air.
3 Salt m _________ in the water.
4 There’s a lot of _________ in the air here.
5 Qingdao is a ________ (沿海的) city .
6 I’m c ________ about our health.
7 He often ____________(抱怨) of his low pay.
8 You are a _________ right.
9 The small trees grow well under the ________(保护) of us. 21cnjy.com
10 In a n ___________, the story is interesting.
二．翻译短语
三．完成句子
1 他要求被派往西藏去工作.
He asks _________ _________ _________ _________ Tibet to work. 21世纪教育网版权所有
2 老师建议学生不要用那种方法记忆词汇.
The teacher _______ the students _______ ______ ______ the vocabulary _______ _______ ______. 21教育网
3 看到父亲睡着了, Tom 尽量地不弄出声响来.
Seeing his father was asleep, Tom ______ _____ ______ _____ ______ ________.
4 据报道,上千人在那场飓风中丧声.
More than 1,000 people ______ _____ _____ _____ ______ _______ ______.
5 她看起来比实际年龄年轻多了.
She _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ than her age. www.21-cn-jy.com
Answers:
一. 1. environment 2. Chemical 3. melts 4. pollution 5 coastal 6 concerned
7 complains 8 absolutely 9 protection 10 nutshell 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
二. 1 try to do 2 be good at 3 work hard 4 such as 5 put… into 6 take away
7 too much 8 in the 1970s 9 all over Europe 10 get sb to do 11 thin about
12 give sth to sb 13 the green movement 14 look through 15 be concerned about
三. 1 to be sent to 2 advised, not to remember , in that way 3 tried not to make any noise 4 were reported to have lost their lives 5 appears to be much younger. www-2-1-cnjy-com
语法专练
用不定式填空.
1 I hope ______ (invite) to the party.
2 They don’t allow these books ________ (take) out of the reading room. 【出处：21教育名师】
3 He pretended _________ (read) the book before.
4 We had no choice but ________ (do) what we were asked. 　　21*cnjy*com
5 Before he let us _________ (go) he made us _________ (promise) __________ (not tell) anyone that we had see. 21·世纪*教育网
6 I expect _________(finish) the wok by the end of next month. 【版权所有：21教育】
7 They did all they could ___________ (save) the child.
8. Why ________ (not report) to the police when the accident happens?
9 I have something important _______ (tell) you.
10 I am glad ________ (work) with you now.
二．选择
1．Such people are _______.
A. respect B. to respect C. to be respecting D. to be respected21·cn·jy·com
2 There is nothing to do except _______ till it stops snowing.
A. to wait B. waiting C. wait D. waits
3. I am sorry _______ you so much trouble. And thank you for you help.
A. to give B. to have given C. giving D. gave
4 The doctor told the child ______less and _____more.
A. to eat, sleep B. eat, sleep C. eating, sleeping D. eat, to sleep
5. I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is , than _______ a room with someone else.
A. to share B. to have shared C. share D. sharing
6 Let me _______ if she has decided ________it.
A. to know, to do B. to know, do C. know, to do D. know, do
7 She was sorry she had got no knife _________.
A. to cut B. cutting C. to cut it D. to cut it with
8 The novel is said _____ the month before.
A. to publish B. to be published C. publish D.to have been published
9 She doesn’t like ______.
A. praised B. to praised C. to be praised D. praising
10. ________ you the truth, I didn’t want to tell you about it.
A. To tell B. Telling C. To be told D. Told
11. – Do you want to give a talk on that subject?
-- ________.
A. I wouldn’t prefer B. I prefer not C. I prefer not to D. I prefer to not
12 In class you should listen to Miss Gao ______ English!21教育名师原创作品
A. to speak B. speak C. speaks D. spoke
13 We asked ________ to work in the countryside. 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
A. to be sent B. to send C. to be sending D. sending
14 He did everything he could _______ the old man. 2·1·c·n·j·y
A. to save B. save C. saving D saved
15 Tom is said ______ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D to have been studying
Possible answers:
一． 1 to be invited 2 to be taken 3 to have read 4 to do 5 go, promise, not to tell
6 to have finished 7 to save 8 not report 9 to tell 10 to be working 2-1-c-n-j-y
二. 1-5 DCBAC 6-10 CDDCA 11-15 CBAAA
Desert storm: Huge cloud of sand falls on Chinese village
（★★ Words: about 320; Time: 5.5 minutes）
大规模的沙尘暴袭击了青海省格尔木的一个小村庄。昏黄的沙尘铺天盖地袭来，很快整个村庄都笼罩在沙尘之中。21世纪教育网版权所有
Like a scene from a Hollywood disaster movie, a tow-ering cloud of sand dwarfs （使显得矮小） the rows of houses as it falls on a small village in China.
Inhabitants hid inside their homes with their windows and doors locked as the dust storm swept through the region moving forward 70 feet a minute.
Day turned to night as tons of dust blocked out (挡住) the sun and reduced visibility （能见度） to around 600 feet. But suddenly the storm calmed and the mile-high cloud settled back to the earth again, leaving villagers with a major clean-up operation.21教育网
Golmud is home to 200,000 people with 140,000 living in the city centre. The new industrial city is built on a flat area close to the borders of the Gobi desert, which is the largest desert in Asia. Although it’s not a good place to live, tens of thousands of people have relocated there to work at the salt lakes in the region.
But the hope of a good job and lots of living space comes with a price. Every spring strong winds blow across the Gobi creating huge columns of dust and sand, which are then left nearby. The dust can cause frequent power failures, transport delays and respiratory (呼吸的) illness.21cnjy.com
The Gobi sand even travels as far as Beijing, with21·cn·jy·com
nearly a million tons of sand blown into the city each year. In March, 2010, China’s capital turned orange during a particularly violent dust storm.www.21-cn-jy.com
More than a quarter of China is covered in sand with the Gobi covering northern parts of the country. 21·世纪*教育网
The process of desertification has been worsened by over-grazing (过度放牧), urban expanding and an increasingly unusual climate.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
The Chinese Academy of Sciences estimates (估计) that the number of sandstorms has jumped six-fold in the past 50 years to two dozen a year. Around 80 percent of them occur between March and May. www-2-1-cnjy-com
True (T) or False (F).
1. Sandstorms hit Hollywood every year.
2. When the sandstorm hit the village, people couldn’t see anything.
3. Golmud is close to the borders of the Gobi desert.2·1·c·n·j·y
4. Some people live Golmud because they won’t give up their jobs.
?
答案
1-4 FFTT
Meet the 10-foot high bottle family
（★★ Words: about 360; Time: 6 minutes）
不管是在伦敦市中心，还是在整个英国，人们早已习惯了喝瓶装水、瓶装饮料。据统计，每个英国家庭每年平均都要使用827个塑料瓶。最近，由827个瓶子制成的 “塑料瓶一家” 走到了公众面前，以唤起人们对环境保护的关注！
When working in central London, it’s far too easy to pick up a bottle of water or soft drink rather than drinking tap water. And until bottles are 100% biodegradable (能进行生物降解的) we will continue to have a slight sense of guilt when picking up yet another bottle. 21世纪教育网版权所有
In modern society, with plastic bottled drinks having become such an important thing, it is difficult to really see how things will become better very soon.
To draw people’s attention to the growing issue of bottle wastage, a giant plastic bottle family recently visited London. The 10-foot high display, created by artist Bamber Hawes, is made out of 827 plastic bottles — the number of bottles the average family consumes (消耗) each year. 21·cn·jy·com
It took a team of five approximately 400 hours to complete the top of the 10-foot father’s head. Bamber Hawes said, “I was shocked to hear, and now to see, just how many soft drink bottles are thrown away each year and I hope this will get people thinking about their own bottle waste.”21cnjy.com
The horrible truth is that only 100 of every 500 plastic bottles used in the UK are being recycled at present. So out of the 13 billion plastic bottles consumed only 20% get a chance to reach a recycling factory and to be used again. It makes the issue more serious than ever.21教育网
New research also reveals that the British greatly underestimate (低估) the amount of bottle waste they bring; with almost half of all adults believing their families use between 1 to 5 bottles a week when the actual figures is double that. People use more during the holidays when they are more likely to be out and consuming more soft drinks than any other time of the year. www.21-cn-jy.com
Perhaps the fact that one PET bottle (聚酯瓶) takes around 450 years to break down will make you think twice about picking up unnecessary drinks from the shop in your lunch break.2·1·c·n·j·y
We should all be doing our bit to help the environment. Whether it be turning the television off or using the recycling trash cans, which are readily available to us.
Sandstorms in Beijing
A general definition of a severe sandstorm is one that it occurs suddenly and affects large areas causing great losses to the national economy and the people. The number of severe sandstorms in Beijing has grown rapidly since the founding of the People's Republic of China. There were five in the 1950s, eight in the 1960s, 13 in the 1970s, 14 in the 1980s , and 20 in the 1990s. Severe and widespread sandstorms mainly occur in the period from March to May, especially in April.
For instance, a devastating sandstorm raged Beijing from April 16 to 18, 1998. Blowing from west to east, it even stretched to the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. This storm was almost unprecedented in history, and when it met rain over Beijing, 'muddy rain' was formed.21世纪教育网版权所有
Human activities play an important role in the formation of severe sandstorms, basically through improper use of land, population growth and the rapid spread of urbanization. Beijing is located in the northern part of the Northern Plains of China. The west (Taihang Mountain), the north (Jundu Mountain) and the east (Yan Mountain) of Beijing are mountain areas. Lots of rivers stream out from these areas. Some of them pass through the territory of Beijing, for example Yongding, Chaobai and Wenyu rivers which used to be big rivers in ancient times, carrying large quantities of water and hence causing considerable erosion, with much bedrock moved along their course.21教育网
The speed of water slowed down after the rivers entered into the plain, and the bedloads sedimented gradually. Beijing is located on the fan-shaped bed-rock sediments originating from the Taihang Mountain, Jundu Mountain and Yan Mountain. Originally, there were lots of flourishing virgin forests, which had the obvious fun_ction of preventing sandy winds. However, due to wars and the needs of construction for development of Beijing, these virgin forests were cut down and almost exhausted. Only some replanted trees were left in scattered mountain areas. According to statistics, the cover rate of forest in Beijing in 1950s was only 1.3 3.5%. Strong winds have become more frequent. Beijing area is below 50 meters, but the elevation of the northern mountain area is above 1,000 meters. The difference in topography facilitates the wind entering from mountain areas to plain areas. When the wind passes through the river valleys, due to the effect of topography, the power of wind is enhanced. In winter and spring, the average wind speed is 3.03.5 m/s, but on an increasing number of days it reaches above 45 m/s, which is the wind speed needed to release sand particles under dry soil moisture conditions. The activity of sandy winds in Beijing is influenced basically by local factors, but it also originates from the nearby peripheral provinces. Thus sand in the storms in Beijing include both local sources and sand from near-by Hebei and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Provinces.
Effects from descending ground water levels Lakes, marshes and wetlands have important functions to improve the environment and to keep the moisture contents of the soil and the air. It should be noted, if the soil moisture in Beijing is 1%, even a wind speed of 17 m/s can not blow up sand and dust. But nowadays, in the spring time, the soil moisture is usually lower than 1%.
沙尘暴：地球不可或缺的部分
一提到沙尘暴，许多经历过的人就会谈虎色变、心惊肉跳，对之是既害怕又厌恶又无可奈何。沙尘暴的肆虐，对广袤的北方脆弱的生态系统无疑是雪上加霜，不仅会对环境造成更加不利的影响，同时也会给人们的心理上蒙上一层阴影。
沙尘暴不仅在我国广大地区造成恶劣影响，而且还波及韩国、日本等东亚邻国，给那里的环境大气质量和民众的工作、生活和身体健康也带来了一定程度的危害。www-2-1-cnjy-com
沙尘暴真的就这么可恶，这么一无是处吗？
并非如此，任何事物都是一分为二的，沙尘暴也不例外，它其实还是有可爱的地方的。
沙尘暴作为一种自然过程，它给全球生态系统带来了巨大的好处。沙尘的洲际运动把富含生物生长必须的多种营养成分播撒开去，恩泽广阔。亚洲沙尘暴每年把上千万吨的沙尘微粒从中国西北和蒙古国等干旱地区携出、洒落到广阔的太平洋，给大洋中的生物带来一场营养丰富的盛宴。近几年研究者还发现，每当爆发沙尘暴时，中国北方以及日本、韩国等地的酸雨危害都有所减弱。环境化学家、海洋生态学家、大气物理学家……他们一步步勾勒出沙尘暴的另一幅面孔———生命万物的忠实朋友、改善环境的可靠帮手。其实，沙尘暴也是大自然的一种恩赐。 21世纪教育网版权所有
没有沙尘暴就没有夏威夷
夏威夷群岛是浩瀚的北太平洋上最璀璨的明珠，那里美丽的风景征服了来自世界各地的人。带着艳丽花朵编制的花环、走在银白的沙滩上，碧海、蓝天、绿树，当人们陶醉在天堂般的风景中时，不会有人想到，眼前的美景全依赖沙尘暴所赐———没有沙尘暴，夏威夷只是一些兀立在海里的巨型岩石，没有土壤、没有花草，充其量只会成为海鸟的栖息地。 21cnjy.com
第一次上夏威夷群岛考察的地理学家感到奇怪，为什么这里会如此生机盎然？夏威夷远离大陆，是海底火山喷发后熔岩凝结而成。这样的火山岩没有植物根系的作用根本无法形成土壤———没有土，哪里来的植物？而没有植物，夏威夷群岛又哪里来的土壤？这个问题几乎成了“先有鸡还是先有蛋”的死循环———最初一粒蕴涵着无限生机和希望的肥沃土壤来自哪里？ 21教育网
一艘白色的小船逡巡在夏威夷附近的海面上，船上不是穿着沙滩装、晒太阳的游客，而是几个拿着古怪仪器的人。他们每天定时用一个圆柱型的装置对着海风，收集空气中那些肉眼根本无法辨别的细小尘埃。类似的工作还在空中进行着，一架小型的科研用飞机飞上不同高度，用同样的装置收集北太平洋上空不同高度大气中的微粒。 www.21-cn-jy.com
这些尘埃被带到美国本土的实验室进行化验，与它们同时化验的还有另外一些土，这些土来自中国西北地区干旱苍凉的荒原。 2-1-c-n-j-y
化验结果让科学家们露出了欣慰的笑容，和他们猜测的一样，两者的成分非常相似———造就夏威夷最初的养料来自遥远的欧亚大陆内部。两地相隔万里，普通的风无法把内陆的尘埃吹到这么遥远的地方，是沙尘暴，把细小却包含养分的尘土携上3000米高空，穿越大洋，播种一般把它们撒下来。
随着卫星遥感技术的发展，科学家已经可以直观地观察亚洲沙尘暴的运动过程了。美国国家航空航天局的卫星清楚地拍摄到了我国甘肃、新疆等地发生沙尘暴后沙尘传播到美国西海岸的全过程。 　　21*cnjy*com
欢迎沙尘暴：“均营养运动”
历史上，总有人不断提出各种“均贫富”的方法，想达到消除财富差距的目的，与此相比，沙尘暴可以算是一种自然界的“均营养”运动。沙尘暴把地表的土卷入高空，矿物质、有机物等等各种微粒在大气层中飘向远方。
现在浮尘甚至有了很多推崇者，因为浮尘当中的矿物质在恢复土地肥力方面的效果甚至要优于氮、磷、钾肥。在欧洲，这些推崇者发起了一项名为“恢复土地矿物化”的运动，他们把岩石和土壤粉碎混合，生产出与沙尘暴“创造”的沙尘成分相似的粉末，想以此代替传统的肥料来恢复农业的活力，现在他们的实验正在进行之中。 2·1·c·n·j·y
除了夏威夷群岛，科学家还发现，地球最大的绿肺———亚马孙盆地的雨林也得益于沙尘暴，它的一个重要的养分来源也是空中的沙尘。沙尘暴能把磐石变得葱葱郁郁的秘密在于，沙尘气溶胶含有铁离子等有助于植物生长的成分。科学家把悬浮在空气中、直径在10—100微米左右的固体、液体微粒叫做“气溶胶”，气溶胶的自然来源主要是海洋、土壤以及火山等。现在研究气溶胶的成分、移
动路线和它对全球环境、气候的影响是世界最前沿的科研课题之一。
“气溶胶对整个世界的影响太大了”，北京师范大学化学系的实验室里，环境化学专家庄国顺教授说：“如果把中国和蒙古的荒漠、戈壁都罩上一个罩子，不让地表的土被风吹起，那么整个美国西海岸的海洋生物将纷纷饿死：没有气溶胶携带来的养分就没有丰富的海洋微生物（海洋的初级生产力），而失去这海洋生物链最底层一环，整个海洋生态系统将难以为继。” 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
然而沙尘暴起源地如果出现污染，有毒的尘埃也会随之扩散，相隔万里的区域也会被有毒物质污染。所以现在许多发达国家非常关注其他国家和地区的环境问题，因为环境问题没有国界，一个地方环境的破坏会很快在这个小小的地球上传播开来。 21·世纪*教育网
中国是亚洲沙尘暴最主要的起源地，据估计，每年从中国沙漠输入太平洋的矿物尘土大约为6—8千万吨。源于东亚的沙尘气溶胶粒子含有丰富的铁、铝等矿物元素，能够增加海洋营养盐的输入，刺激海洋生物的活动，影响藻类光合作用，促进海洋生物的生长繁殖。 21·cn·jy·com
不过，降到海里的浮尘也是一柄“双刃剑”。美国地质测绘局的专家们发现，非洲沙尘暴造成的铁沉积和藻类过量繁殖之间有着明显的联系。这些藻类很多都是有毒的，它们是佛罗里达沿海有毒赤潮的元凶。但科学家们也不敢肯定，有害藻类的过度繁殖是否真的一无是处，也许，它们对海洋生态系统也有尚不为人知的利益。
浅谈动词不定式的时态、语态及形式
动词不定式由“不定式符号to（小品词）+动词原形”构成，to有时可省略。它不能单独作谓语，不随主语的人称和数的变化而变化，具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。但是它还保留着动词的特征，可以有状语修饰；如果是及物动词，还可以带宾语。动词不定式连同它的宾语、状语等一起构成短语，称为动词不定式短语。21·cn·jy·com
【例句展示1】观察下列句子，注意动词不定式的各种时态的用法。
1. I saw him go out.
2. I hope to see you again.
3. She felt it an honour to have taken part in the work.21世纪教育网版权所有
4. I wanted to have finished my work last night.
5. We found the metal to be melting.
6. He is said to have been writing that book for ten years.www-2-1-cnjy-com
【自我归纳1】动词不定式的时态：
1. 一般式：所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作同时（或几乎同时）发生（句1），或者在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生（句2）。
2. 完成式：所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之________ (前/后)（句3），也可表示过去未完成的动作（句4）。21*cnjy*com
3. 进行式：表示正在进行的与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的动作（句5）。
4. 完成进行式：所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，强调动作的连续性（句6）。
【例句展示2】观察下列句子，注意动词不定式的语态及动词不定式在句中的作用。
1. I wished to be excused.
2. No harm seems to have been done.
3. To combine theory with practice is a good way of learning.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
4. I had to shout to be heard.
5. There is no need to have bought a new pair of trousers for me.
6. I advised him to try the medicine.
7. My brother was told not to write on the wall.
【自我归纳2】
◆动词不定式的语态：
时态
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
to do（句3、句6、句7）
________ （句1、句4）
完成式
to have done （句5）
to have been done（句2）
注意：1. 不定式的被动形式表示与逻辑主语之间的被动关系；2. 不定式的进行式和完成进行式没有被动语态。21教育网
◆动词不定式在句中的作用：
不定式属于非限定动词，可以用作宾语（句1）、表语（句2）、主语（句3）、状语（句4）、定语（句5）、宾语补足语（句6）和主语补足语（句7）。
【例句展示3】观察下列句子，注意黑体部分后动词不定式的用法。
1. They could do nothing but wait for the doctor to arrive.www.21-cn-jy.com
2. When your country calls you for help, you can’t but go.21cnjy.com
3. We can’t choose but say good-bye to her.
4. When a friend gives Jim a ticket to the game, he can’t help but go.
5. I have no choice but to accept the fact.
6. The only thing he can do now is (to) give up the plan.2·1·c·n·j·y
【自我归纳3】 关于动词不定式是否带to，有以下几点需要注意：
1. 在连词but之前如有动词do，其后的不定式通常________（带/不带）to（句1）。do nothing but意为“什么都不做，只是”。　　21*cnjy*com
2. can’t but, can’t choose but, can’t help but（不得不）之后的不定式一般不带to（句2-句4）。【出处：21教育名师】
3. but之前如无do，其后的不定式一般要带to（句5）。have no choice but意为“别无选择，只有”。【版权所有：21教育】
4. 动词不定式作表语，说明实义动词do的具体内容时，既可带to也可不带to（句6）。
【即学即练】根据汉语意思补全下列句子（每空一词）。
1. 我们只能尝试这种方法。
We ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ this method.
We ________ ________ ________ ________ this method.21教育名师原创作品
We ________ ________ ________ this method.
2. 玛丽因为做出这种事感到羞耻。
Mary felt ashamed ________ ________ ________ such a thing.
3. 他们似乎正在开会。
They seem ________ ________ ________ a meeting.
4. 这个女孩别无选择只能等她妈妈回来。
The girl had ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ till her mother came back.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
5. 他要求被派到西藏。
He asked ________ ________ ________ to Tibet.
?
答案
【自我归纳1】2. 前
【自我归纳2】to be done
【自我归纳3】1. 不带
【即学即练】
1. can do nothing but try; can’t choose but try; can’t but try 21·世纪*教育网
2. to have done?
3. to be having
4. no choice but to wait? / nothing to do but wait 2-1-c-n-j-y
5. to be sent ?
SENTENCE EXPLANATIONS，Book 3 Module 4
请和你的同学一起认真分析下列句子，并补全所缺内容。这种学习方式能逐步提高你理解长难句的能力。
1. 【原句】They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes. (P32)21教育网
【译文】沙尘暴夹带的沙尘含量常常很大，以至于你看不到太阳，而且有时候风大得足以移动沙丘。
【分析】这是一个由and连接的并列复合句。and前面的分句是“so ... that”结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导的是________从句。and后面的分句的结构是“be + adj. + enough + to do”，其中动词不定式to do作结果状语。
【仿写1】他病得很重, 我们只好请医生来。
______________________________________________________
【仿写2】你才14岁, 不到开车的年龄。
______________________________________________________
2.【原句】This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass. (P32)
【译文】这是一个由于气候变化和人们砍树挖草而使土地变成沙漠的过程。
【分析】这是一个主从复合句。主句由“主语（This） + 系动词（is） + 表语 （a process）”构成。that happens ... grass是定语从句，修饰先行词process。在定语从句中，又包含一个when引导的________从句，其中and连接because of引起的原因状语和because引导的原因状语从句。21世纪教育网版权所有
【仿写】这是当妇女们走到一起的时候发生的一种改变。
______________________________________________________
?
答案
1. 【分析】结果状语
【仿写1】He was so ill that we had to send for a doctor.21cnjy.com
【仿写2】At 14 you aren’t old enough to drive a car.
2. 【分析】时间状语
【仿写】This is a change that happens when women come together.
如何写环保类英语短文
【写作任务】
假设你是李华，前些天你亲身经历了一场沙尘暴的袭击。请你根据表格内容给校英文报写一篇英语短文，呼吁大家植树造林，保护环境。
环境问题
沙尘暴袭击我市
原因
开发商（developer）毁林建房；过度放牧（overgrazing）
结果
土地沙漠化
建议
……（至少两点）
注意：1. 词数120左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【写作指导】
1. 审题定调：
这是一篇是关于环保话题的夹叙夹议的短文，应从以下几点入手：①点明某一环境问题或现象；②阐述原因；③论述对社会和人们生活的影响；④提出建议以及防治措施；⑤预测前景（根据要求可省略）等。21世纪教育网版权所有
2. 确定主体内容：
全文分三部分：
第一部分：点出环境问题——沙尘暴。
第二部分：分析造成沙尘暴的原因以及后果。
第三部分：提出防治沙尘暴及土地沙漠化的措施。
3. 确定人称、时态：
叙述自己的经历用第一人称，描写环境问题用第三人称。叙述过去的情况时用过去时态，提出建议时用现在时态。 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
4. 核定表达：
◆I was caught in ...
◆In recent years, ... have struck ...
◆However, in the last few years, in order to ..., people ...21cnjy.com
◆What’s more, ... seriously damaged ...
◆... led to ...
◆In order to ..., I think we should ...
◆If so, I think ... will soon be improved.
【范文展示】
Several days ago, I was caught in a strong sandstorm.www.21-cn-jy.com
1. _____________________________ (我所在的城市过去是一个美丽的地方), where there was thick forest and green grass. However, in recent years, in order to build houses,? 2. _____________________________ (开发商砍伐了大量树木) and dug up grass. What’s more, overgrazing damaged the grass greatly. 3. _____________________________ (结果，这些行为导致了我市的沙漠化). Sandstorms strike us now and then, from which people suffer a lot.
4. _____________________________ (为了阻止沙漠化进程), I think we should take good care of the forest and plant more trees. Besides, 5. _____________________________ (政府应该采取措施惩罚那些破坏森林的人们). If so, I think our living conditions will soon be improved.21·世纪*教育网
?
答案
【范文展示】
1. The city I live in used to be a beautiful place21教育网
2. developers have cut down a great number of trees21·cn·jy·com
3. As a result, these activities led to the desertification in my city
4. In order to stop the process of desertification2·1·c·n·j·y
5. the government should take measures to punish those who destroy the forest
考点点拨，cut down
cut down
【用法】cut down意为：①砍倒；②减少，删减，可构成短语cut sth. down to 与cut down on sth.；③杀死。如：21教育网
Many big trees along the road have been cut down for building houses.
The teacher asked us to cut the article down to 500 words.? 21·cn·jy·com
The doctor told him to cut down on his drinking.
He was cut down by machine-gun fire.
【考例】 My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking, but at least he has _____.? (陕西2013)21世纪教育网版权所有
A. cut out ?????????????????? ????? B. cut down?? 21cnjy.com
C. cut up?? ??????????????????????? D. cut off
【点拨】由“我叔叔并没有戒掉吸烟”以及后面表转折的but at least可知，“他减少了吸烟的量”，故选B项。cut out裁剪，戒掉；cut up切碎，切开；cut off切断，断绝。www.21-cn-jy.com