中考介词和介词短语课件

课件28张PPT。【考点大观·精讲精练】
中考介词 考点一 时间介词 考点二 地点介词
1. 方位介词in/on/to
(1)in+较大地点；at+较小地点。例如：
When did you arrive in Shanghai?
你是什么时候到上海的？
(2)包含在整体内部的用in，接壤用on，不相邻用to。
B is in the east of A.
C is on the east of A.
D is to the east of A. 例如：
①Shandong is in the east of China.
山东在中国的东部。
②Jiangxi is on the east of Hunan.
江西在湖南的东部。
③Shanghai is to the east of Hubei.
上海在湖北的东部。2. “上下”介词on/above/over/below/under
(1)on“在……上面”，表示两者接触。
(2)above“在……的上方”，表示两者不接触，其反义词为below“在……的下方”。
(3)over“在……正上方”，表示两者不接触，其反义词为under“在……正下方”。 例如：
①The teacher put his book on the teacher’s desk.
老师把课本放在讲桌上。
②We can build a bridge over the river.
我们可以在河上建一座桥。
③My cat is lying under the chair.
我的猫正躺在椅子下面。3. “前后”介词in front of/in the front of/behind①There’s a pay phone in front of the library and a swimming pool behind it.
图书馆前面有个投币式电话，后面有个游泳池。
②The boy likes to sit in the front of his father’s car.
那个男孩喜欢坐在他爸爸的车的前座上。4. “左右”介词on the left/right of；“旁边”介词beside/by；“对面”介词across from。
Linda sits beside/by me, just on my left.
琳达坐在我旁边，正好在我左边。5. “之间”介词between/among
(1)between 在……（两者）之间；between. . . and. . . 在……和……之间。
(2)among在……（三者或三者以上）之间。
例如：①Long live the friendship between you and me!
你和我之间的友谊长存！
②You can find Mr. Ma among the students.
在学生中你能找到马先生。6. “里外”介词in/inside/into/outside/out of
(1)in 在……内部。
(2)inside在……里面/到……里面（强调以……为界），反义词outside在……外面。
(3)into到……内，其反义短语为out of。例如：①The pen is in my pencil case.
钢笔在我的铅笔盒里。
②We are asked to stay inside the building at work.
我们被要求待在楼里工作。
③Pour some milk into the blender.
把牛奶倒入搅拌机里。考点三 方式、手段、工具等介词 考点四 其他介词 1. （安顺中考）I like going to school _______ my bike.
A. in B. on C. by D. at
【解析】选B。当交通工具类名词bike被限定词修饰时，不用by修饰，用介词on，故选B。2. （重庆中考）I go to school _______ bus every morning.
A. in B. on C. at D. by
【解析】选D。by + 交通工具，表示“乘坐……”，且by与交通工具之间不加限定词。此外如用介词on应该加上冠词the，即“on the bus”。故选D。3. （黄石中考）I wrote _______ my brother last Saturday, but I haven’t heard _______ him up to now.
A. from; to B. to; of C. to; to D. to; from
【解析】选D。write to sb. 给某人写信；hear from sb. 收到某人的来信。故选D。4. （台州中考）Shanghai Disneyland has started to be built and it will be open _______ five years.
A. in B. for C. from D. before
【解析】选A。“in+一段时间”用于一般将来时。5. （宜宾中考）John is standing _______ Gina and Jim.
A. at B. during C. between D. in
【解析】选C。在两者之间要用介词between，between. . . and为固定搭配。故选C。6. （黔西南州中考）—Your sweater looks very nice. What’s it made ______?
—Wool, and it is made _______ Guiyang.
A. from; on B. of; in C. of; on D. from; in
【解析】选B。be made of其后跟可以看得出的原材料“be made in+地点”表示“由某地制造”。7. （六盘水中考）— How do you learn English words?
— _______ making flashcards.
A. To B. By C. For D. With
【解析】选B。“by+v-ing”表示通过某种方式。8. （潍坊中考）The moonlight goes ______ the window and makes the room bright.
A. across B. through C. over D. in
【解析】选B。句意：月光穿过窗户并使房间明亮。across是从事物的表面穿过；through是从物体的内部穿过；over强调从上面越过。故选B。9. （包头中考） I don’t know how to begin a talk with Betty. She can sit all day long _______ a word.
A. by B. with C. in D. without
【解析】选D。本题考查介词辨析。by被；经由；with用；和……在一起；in在……内；without没有。without a word没说一句话。故选D。10. （孝感中考）The two kids practice spoken English _______ joining the English club.
A. by B. in C. on D. with
【解析】选A。句意：这两个孩子通过加入英语俱乐部来练习英语。by意为“通过”，表示方式。故选A。