Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?形容词和副词讲义（无答案）

形容词和副词
形容词的一般用法
作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。
She is a beautiful girl.
作表语，放在系动词的后面。
She is sad.
形容词修饰复合不定代词时，需要后置（形容词在后面）。
表示长、宽、高及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。
易混形容词的辨析：
以 -ing 形式结尾的形容词表示主动意义，一般修饰事物，表示事物的特征或性质，如interesting,surprising,exciting,frightening, amazing,worrying等。
以 -ed形式结尾的形容词表示被动意义，一般修饰人，表示人的感觉，常与介词in/about/at等构成短语搭配，如:interested,surprised,excited，frightened,amazed,worried等。
形容词作定语时的顺序：“限观形龄颜国材”。
There is a big old red wooden table in my room.
形容词常用句型
it’s+adj+of+sb.+不定式。 表示某人做某事怎么样。
It’s +adj +for+sb.+不定式。表示做某事对某人来说怎么样。
表示感情或情绪的形容词常接不定式。
三 副词
程度副词：
fairly,pretty,rather,quite,very,much,too,greatly,almost,nearly,half,highly,
以上副词一般放在被修饰的形容词或副词前面。
时间副词：
Now,then,soon,ago,recently,lately,later,before,early,today,tomorrow,yesterday,tonight,suddenly, immediately, still,already,just等。
一．句子结构
英语句子按照结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
1.简单句
只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)的句子叫作简单句。简单句有5种基本句型。
(1)S+V(主语+不及物动词)
这种句式是英语中最简单的句式，句中的谓语动词是不及物动词，其后不能接宾语，但可以有状语修饰谓语动词或整个句子。
They walked and laughed.,他们边走边笑。
(2)S+V+O(主语+及物动词+宾语)
谓语是及物动词时，不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。
Her father studies history.她的父亲研究历史。
(3)S+V+P(主语+连系动词+表语)
谓语是连系动词时,不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个表示主语的特征、身份、状态的表语。
That pie looks good.那个馅饼看上去不错。
He became a famous doctor.他成了一位著名的医生。
(4)S+V+Oi+Od(主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)有些及物动词常带两个宾语(双宾语):直接宾语和间接宾语。
My father bought me a new bike.
我爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车
(5)S+V+O+0C(主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语)有些及物动词只带宾语句句子意义还不完整，,它要求带一有后的来团几的资法的情况。从而便句子意思光整明确。宾语和宾语补足语构成复合宾语。
We keep our school clean.。我们保持学校清洁。宾语宾语补足语
2.并列句
两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词或分号连接而成的句子叫作并列句。连接并列句的并列连词分为:表并列的并列连词表选择的并列连词、表因果的并列连词和表转折的并列连词。
Tom knocked at the door and it opened.
汤姆敲了敲门，然后门开了。
You can stay here, or you can leave.
你可以待在这里，也可以离开。
3.复合句
由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子叫作复合句。主句为复合句的主体，从句不能独立，仅用作主句中的一个成分，如主语宾语、表语、同位语、定语、状语等。
Parents shouldn't give their children whatever they want.
不能孩子们要什么,父母就给什么。
A doctor is a person who looks after people' s health.
医生就是照顾人们身体健康的人。
二、句子成分
主语是动作的执行者，是句子的主体。表示句子所说的是谁或是什么。 主要由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动:名词、从句等来充当。
谓语：用来描述注语的行为动作或主语所处的状谓语态。有人称、数时态和语态的变化。
表语：用来说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。可表语”以充当表语的多为名词、代词、形容词数词、非谓语动词、介词短语从句等。
宾语：是动作、行为的对象，和及物动词一起说明主语做什么,常在谓语动词之后。
定语：用来修饰名词或代词。分为前置定语和后置定语。
状语：用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。一般表示动作发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等。状语:-般放在句末,但有时可放在句首或句中。
补足语：补足主语意义的句子成分是主语补足语,补足宾语意义的句子成分是宾语补足语。含有补足语宾语补足语的句子变为被动句时,宾语补足
语便成了主语补足语。可以作补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语分词、不定式等。
同位语：对句中某一成分作进一步的解释、补充或说明，与其所说明的成分之间在语法上处于同等的地位。
习题巩固
1.----Julia , I am sorry for what I have done.
----____. I know that people get mad easily when they are under pressure.
That’s for sure
Never mind
With pleasure
Of course not.
I can’t stand______in public.
smoking B to smoke C.smoke D.smokes
They plan ______(walk) around the whole Britain,singing for dinner and sleeping anywhere like fields.
The villagers plan_____a new bridge over the river.
build B. building C.to build D. built
Larry hopes ____his English, so he keeps practicing it every day.
to solve B. solving C. to improve D. improving
Guizhou is______ Huangguoshu Waterfall and Moutai in the world.
famous for B. popular with C. regarded as
We _____have a graduation ceremony next week, but I’m not sure.
must B. need C. might
8.------Do you want to buy the chair
------No. I want to buy a bigger one because it may be much_____.
Quicker B. more comfortable C.more comfortably D. more quickly
----My English is poor. Could you help me with it
------____________.
Thank you B.Me, too C.No problem D.See you
--------Shall we go to see the documentary Amazing China or stay at home
-----------Either is OK.__________.
Go ahead B. It’s up to you C.That’s all right
Huawei Mate 40 is_____ of the three mobile phones.
expensive B. more expensive B. the most expensive
The young man was______of all the performers.
More creative ; B. much creative ;
C. the most most creative D. the creativest
The glass bridge in Shijiazhuang is ______ than any other one in China.
long B.the longest C.longest D.longer
Of the three books, the blue one is the _________.
A.cheap B.cheaper C.cheapest
14.Don’t be upset. Sometimes challenges can_______the best in me.
A. bring out B. work out C.hand out D.hang out
15. It’s necessary ________masks in public places during the COVID-19 period.
A. for us to wear B. for us wearing
C .of us wearing D.of us to wear
16. How many members are there in your club
----Eight this term, but there will be twenty _______next term.
At least B. at present C.at all D.at once
Diet drinks are not quite as________as you think. It is reported that drinking too much of them lead to illness.
helpful B.healthy C.popular D.delicious
____he is 72 years old,______he keeps running very day.
Although; but B. Although;/ C. But;/
When you go abroad, ________forget to bring your passport.
always B. hardly C.never D.sometimes
I learned to skate quickly.At first, I fell down a few times, but now I____ fall down.
always B.often C.sometimes D.seldom
Please be polite and _____offer your seat to people who need it.
never B. seldom C.sometimes D.always
------_________do you go to the school library
---------Twice a week.
How long B. How often C.How soon D.How much
Could you stay a little longer I have ____more to tell you about the plan for tomorrow.
something B. everything C. anything D.nothing
She can’t sleep well_____too much noise next door.
because B.because of C.since
------________useful advice on English learning Mr.Li gave us!
-------I agree. I think we have improved our English with his help.
What B.What a C. How D. How a