2024届高考英语一轮复习定语从句课件(共28张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语一轮复习定语从句课件(共28张PPT) |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-11-29 21:18:39 | ||
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(共28张PPT)
Attribute Clause
定语从句
You come. 你来。
I welcome you. 我欢迎你。
I give you support. 我给你支持。
You make me happy. 你让我快乐。
You are my dear friend. 你是我亲爱的朋友。
①主谓
②主谓宾
③主谓间宾直宾
④主谓宾+宾补
⑤主系表
总结：一个句子 至少有 主谓，并表达完整的意思。
若意思不完整,则需添加补充成分,如宾语/宾补。
句子
结构
句子成分
①主语、②谓语、③宾语、④表语
⑥状语 adv.
九类状语： 时地因 条目果 伴方让
·I will warmly welcome you.
修饰成分，主要用来修饰
动词、形容词、副词或整个句子.
·You make me extremely happy.
·I will warmly welcome you when you come.
·I believe all of you can learn English very well.
⑤补语 (补充说明）
主干
⑦定语 adj.
修饰成分，修饰 名词或代词.
通常译成 '…的 + 名词/代词 '
· yellow flowers
· two yellow flowers
· The two yellow flowers on the screen
· The two yellow flowers on the screen that we can see are sunflowers.
· a flower shop
adj
定语 ？
数词
冠词；介短
句子
总结：单个词作定语通常前置，
句子或短语作定语则后置.
名词
定语从句：由关系代词或关系副词引导，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
eg. The boy who is reading is Tom.
先行词
关系代词
关系代词的实质和功能？
· A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
· A plane is can fly.
the machine
a machine
that /which
·The lady is Lucy. We saw her yesterday.
her
·The lady
we saw yesterday is Lucy.
who/that
关系词：关联主从句，复指先行词，在从句中充当成分
关系代词的基本用法和注意点
1. 关系代词的基本用法
关系代词 指代的先行词 充当从句的成分
who 人 主语、宾语
whom 人 宾语
which 物 主语、宾语
that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
whose 人或物 定语
as 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
* as指人或物, 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
只能用于下列句式：
3) as + adj + n + as...
1) such + n. + as ...
· I don't like such a man as tells lies.
2) the same + n. + as ...
· I have the same book as you bought.
·He is as good a man as John (is).
巩固练习： 用定语从句合并句子
步骤：
1.先找先行词：两个句子中的相同部分
2.用关系词替换另一句子中相同部分
3.与主句关联 ：先行词 + 关系词（引导从句）
The scientist (who/that) we met yesterday is very famous in the world.
(2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.
The dress (which/that) she is wearing is new.
(1) The scientist is very famous in the world.
We met her yesterday.
who/that
which /that
找出先行词和关系代词 -> 关系词在从句中的功能 -> 翻译
1.The student who/whom you talked to just now is my best friend.
2.The thing that made her very sad was her lost necklace.
3.He lives in a house whose window faces south.
4. He is the person on whom you can depend.
5.There are many trees under which they can have a rest.
6.Tom is one of the students who were praised by the teacher.
翻译句子
1.你提到的那位作家和他的书现在非常有名。
The writer and his book that you referred to are famous.
2.我们正谈论的那个人是位专家 。
The man whom we are talking about is an expert.
3.1906年袭击这座城市的地震是美国历史上最大的地震
The earthquake which hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.
4.那些要去公园的人呆在这里。
Those who will go to the park stay here .
5.我最钦佩的人是我的妈妈，她经常帮助他人。
The person I admire most is my mother who always helps others.
6.我永远不会忘记我们一起度过的日子。
I will never forget the days that/which we spent together.
8.救援队给在地震中失去父母的孩子们搭建了帐篷。
The rescue team put up tents for children who lost parens in the earthquake.
7.坐在门旁边的人是XXX
The person who is sitting near the door is XXX.
Talk about your classmates （使用定语从句）
Example:
A1: Who is your best friend
B1: XXX is my best friend who always helps me in my studies.
A2: Who is the most talktive person in our class
B2: xxx is the most talktive person who talks a lot in class.
most hardworking
laziest
most absent-minded
most warmhearted
...
2. 关系代词的用法注意点
· 5 种只用that 不用which的情况
①当先行词中有人又有物时
· Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about
②当先行词为不定代词 all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, none (指物时)等
·This is all that I want from the school.
④当先行词被最高级修饰时。
⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。
③当先行词被 only, just, very, right, last等修饰时。
·This is the very book that I am looking for these days.
·The TV tower is the highest building that has been
built in this city.
·The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
①介词+关系代词(which);
· 5 种只能用which 不用that的情况。
② 在非限制性定语从句中;
·There are many trees under which they can have a rest.
·Football , which is a very popular game, is played all over the world.
③ 同一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个用了that，另一个宜用which；
④ 先行词为代词that和those (指物时)；
⑤关系代词后面有插入语时。
·He gave me a gift that had been bought from
the shop which belongs to his uncle.
·He has found that which I am looking for.
·Here is the book which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.
Is there anything ____ belongs to you
This is the first play ____ I have seen.
His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream.
巩固练习：选择 that或 which填空
that
that
which
Which is the machine _____ we used last Sunday
I’ve never heard of the people and things ____ you talked about just now.
that
that
①先行词为不定代词 all, one, someone, anyone,everyone, no one, anybody (指人时)
②先行词为代词 those, she, he... 或 people (指人时)。
· 用who不用that的情况
·All who heard the news were excited.
·Those who want to go please sign your names here.
·He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
· 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。
·Those who against the plan put up your hands.
·Tom is one of the students who praised by the teacher yesterday.
·Tom is the only one of the students who praised by the teacher yesterday.
are
were
was
3. The house __________ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.
Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose.
1. The earthquake __________ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.
2. We don’t know the number of people ______ lost their homes in 1906 earthquake.
that/which
who
which/that
6. Harry is the boy ______ mother is our maths teacher.
4. A house __________ is built on sand may fall down in
an earthquake.
5. Luckily none of the people __________ I know were killed
in the earthquake.
which/that
who/whom
whose
7. Look at that lady ______ name is Rose.
whose
8. He is a teacher ______________ I like very much.
whom/who/that
9. Those pictures _________ were drawn by Tom are nice.
10. Those _____will go to the park stay here.
11. That was all the money ______I had.
which/that
who
that
12. They talked for about an hour of things and persons
_____ they remembered in the school.
13. Who ______ has common sense will do such a thing.
14. I don’t know the way ________________ he worked out.
15. The person to______ you just talked is Mr. Li.
that
that
that/in which/略
whom
关系副词的基本用法和注意点
·关系副词在定语从句中作状语
· when = on / during which ,时间状语
· where = at / in which , 地点状语
· why = for which, 原因状语
1.I will attend a family get-together (聚会) this Saturday ______
my brother returns home from Shanghai.
when
2. I finally understood the reason _____ my mum had encouraged
me not to give up.
why
3.I would never live in a country ________ German was spoken.
where
习惯搭配： 介词 + which/ whom
· spend time/money on : 花时间/金钱做某事
She devotes herself to her work, _________ she spends
more than 9 hours a day.
on which
· share sth with sb: 与某人分享某物
她致力于工作, 一天在工作上花费九个多小时。
Since I was a little child, I’ve been friends with diary, _________ I can share my deepest feelings.
with whom
· be familar with : 对...熟悉
He asked me to read some reference books ___________
I am not very familiar.
· be grateful for : 对... 感激
他要我去看一些我不熟悉的参考书。
Mr Li is the teacher I admire most, ____________ I will always be grateful.
with which
for whom
thank you !
Attribute Clause
定语从句
You come. 你来。
I welcome you. 我欢迎你。
I give you support. 我给你支持。
You make me happy. 你让我快乐。
You are my dear friend. 你是我亲爱的朋友。
①主谓
②主谓宾
③主谓间宾直宾
④主谓宾+宾补
⑤主系表
总结：一个句子 至少有 主谓，并表达完整的意思。
若意思不完整,则需添加补充成分,如宾语/宾补。
句子
结构
句子成分
①主语、②谓语、③宾语、④表语
⑥状语 adv.
九类状语： 时地因 条目果 伴方让
·I will warmly welcome you.
修饰成分，主要用来修饰
动词、形容词、副词或整个句子.
·You make me extremely happy.
·I will warmly welcome you when you come.
·I believe all of you can learn English very well.
⑤补语 (补充说明）
主干
⑦定语 adj.
修饰成分，修饰 名词或代词.
通常译成 '…的 + 名词/代词 '
· yellow flowers
· two yellow flowers
· The two yellow flowers on the screen
· The two yellow flowers on the screen that we can see are sunflowers.
· a flower shop
adj
定语 ？
数词
冠词；介短
句子
总结：单个词作定语通常前置，
句子或短语作定语则后置.
名词
定语从句：由关系代词或关系副词引导，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
eg. The boy who is reading is Tom.
先行词
关系代词
关系代词的实质和功能？
· A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
· A plane is can fly.
the machine
a machine
that /which
·The lady is Lucy. We saw her yesterday.
her
·The lady
we saw yesterday is Lucy.
who/that
关系词：关联主从句，复指先行词，在从句中充当成分
关系代词的基本用法和注意点
1. 关系代词的基本用法
关系代词 指代的先行词 充当从句的成分
who 人 主语、宾语
whom 人 宾语
which 物 主语、宾语
that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
whose 人或物 定语
as 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
* as指人或物, 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
只能用于下列句式：
3) as + adj + n + as...
1) such + n. + as ...
· I don't like such a man as tells lies.
2) the same + n. + as ...
· I have the same book as you bought.
·He is as good a man as John (is).
巩固练习： 用定语从句合并句子
步骤：
1.先找先行词：两个句子中的相同部分
2.用关系词替换另一句子中相同部分
3.与主句关联 ：先行词 + 关系词（引导从句）
The scientist (who/that) we met yesterday is very famous in the world.
(2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.
The dress (which/that) she is wearing is new.
(1) The scientist is very famous in the world.
We met her yesterday.
who/that
which /that
找出先行词和关系代词 -> 关系词在从句中的功能 -> 翻译
1.The student who/whom you talked to just now is my best friend.
2.The thing that made her very sad was her lost necklace.
3.He lives in a house whose window faces south.
4. He is the person on whom you can depend.
5.There are many trees under which they can have a rest.
6.Tom is one of the students who were praised by the teacher.
翻译句子
1.你提到的那位作家和他的书现在非常有名。
The writer and his book that you referred to are famous.
2.我们正谈论的那个人是位专家 。
The man whom we are talking about is an expert.
3.1906年袭击这座城市的地震是美国历史上最大的地震
The earthquake which hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.
4.那些要去公园的人呆在这里。
Those who will go to the park stay here .
5.我最钦佩的人是我的妈妈，她经常帮助他人。
The person I admire most is my mother who always helps others.
6.我永远不会忘记我们一起度过的日子。
I will never forget the days that/which we spent together.
8.救援队给在地震中失去父母的孩子们搭建了帐篷。
The rescue team put up tents for children who lost parens in the earthquake.
7.坐在门旁边的人是XXX
The person who is sitting near the door is XXX.
Talk about your classmates （使用定语从句）
Example:
A1: Who is your best friend
B1: XXX is my best friend who always helps me in my studies.
A2: Who is the most talktive person in our class
B2: xxx is the most talktive person who talks a lot in class.
most hardworking
laziest
most absent-minded
most warmhearted
...
2. 关系代词的用法注意点
· 5 种只用that 不用which的情况
①当先行词中有人又有物时
· Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about
②当先行词为不定代词 all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, none (指物时)等
·This is all that I want from the school.
④当先行词被最高级修饰时。
⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。
③当先行词被 only, just, very, right, last等修饰时。
·This is the very book that I am looking for these days.
·The TV tower is the highest building that has been
built in this city.
·The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
①介词+关系代词(which);
· 5 种只能用which 不用that的情况。
② 在非限制性定语从句中;
·There are many trees under which they can have a rest.
·Football , which is a very popular game, is played all over the world.
③ 同一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个用了that，另一个宜用which；
④ 先行词为代词that和those (指物时)；
⑤关系代词后面有插入语时。
·He gave me a gift that had been bought from
the shop which belongs to his uncle.
·He has found that which I am looking for.
·Here is the book which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.
Is there anything ____ belongs to you
This is the first play ____ I have seen.
His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream.
巩固练习：选择 that或 which填空
that
that
which
Which is the machine _____ we used last Sunday
I’ve never heard of the people and things ____ you talked about just now.
that
that
①先行词为不定代词 all, one, someone, anyone,everyone, no one, anybody (指人时)
②先行词为代词 those, she, he... 或 people (指人时)。
· 用who不用that的情况
·All who heard the news were excited.
·Those who want to go please sign your names here.
·He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
· 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。
·Those who against the plan put up your hands.
·Tom is one of the students who praised by the teacher yesterday.
·Tom is the only one of the students who praised by the teacher yesterday.
are
were
was
3. The house __________ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.
Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose.
1. The earthquake __________ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.
2. We don’t know the number of people ______ lost their homes in 1906 earthquake.
that/which
who
which/that
6. Harry is the boy ______ mother is our maths teacher.
4. A house __________ is built on sand may fall down in
an earthquake.
5. Luckily none of the people __________ I know were killed
in the earthquake.
which/that
who/whom
whose
7. Look at that lady ______ name is Rose.
whose
8. He is a teacher ______________ I like very much.
whom/who/that
9. Those pictures _________ were drawn by Tom are nice.
10. Those _____will go to the park stay here.
11. That was all the money ______I had.
which/that
who
that
12. They talked for about an hour of things and persons
_____ they remembered in the school.
13. Who ______ has common sense will do such a thing.
14. I don’t know the way ________________ he worked out.
15. The person to______ you just talked is Mr. Li.
that
that
that/in which/略
whom
关系副词的基本用法和注意点
·关系副词在定语从句中作状语
· when = on / during which ,时间状语
· where = at / in which , 地点状语
· why = for which, 原因状语
1.I will attend a family get-together (聚会) this Saturday ______
my brother returns home from Shanghai.
when
2. I finally understood the reason _____ my mum had encouraged
me not to give up.
why
3.I would never live in a country ________ German was spoken.
where
习惯搭配： 介词 + which/ whom
· spend time/money on : 花时间/金钱做某事
She devotes herself to her work, _________ she spends
more than 9 hours a day.
on which
· share sth with sb: 与某人分享某物
她致力于工作, 一天在工作上花费九个多小时。
Since I was a little child, I’ve been friends with diary, _________ I can share my deepest feelings.
with whom
· be familar with : 对...熟悉
He asked me to read some reference books ___________
I am not very familiar.
· be grateful for : 对... 感激
他要我去看一些我不熟悉的参考书。
Mr Li is the teacher I admire most, ____________ I will always be grateful.
with which
for whom
thank you !