2024届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解：“四选一”干扰项排除技巧课件-(共31张PPT)
文档属性
| 名称 | 2024届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解：“四选一”干扰项排除技巧课件-(共31张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 9.3MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-11-29 21:37:11 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
(共31张PPT)
“四选一”干扰项排除技巧
高考英语阅读理解
类型一：指定段落
材料一：2023年
新课标1卷B篇24题
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs (2023年新课标1卷B篇)
A. He was fond of travelling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
当题干中明确指定出需要解析的段落时，我们通常习惯去关注段落的哪个部分？
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs (2023年新课标1卷B篇)
A. He was fond of travelling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
干扰项A.He was fond of travelling.
利用思维定势，在划定段落起始部分，通过断章取义，设置干扰项
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs (2023年新课标1卷B篇)
A. He was fond of travelling.
B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind.
D. He longed to be a doctor.
正确选项C.He had an inquiring mind.
必须对划定段落整理理解！正确选项可能包含一个“玩味的”词汇
仔细阅读“整个语篇”，哪些表达体现了John的特点？
inquiring adj.好问的；爱探索的
材料二：2023年
新课标1卷D篇32题
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If, for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
32. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about (2023年新课标1卷D篇)
A. The methods of estimation.
B. The underlying logic of the effect.
C. The causes of people’s errors.
D. The design of Galton’s experiment.
我们需要提防哪个选项？
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If, for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
32. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about (2023年新课标1卷D篇)
A. The methods of estimation.
B. The underlying logic of the effect.
C. The causes of people’s errors.
D. The design of Galton’s experiment.
干扰项C. The causes of people’s errors.
利用思维定势，在划定段落起始部分，通过断章取义，设置干扰项
On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If, for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
32.What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about (2023年新课标1卷D篇)
A.The methods of estimation.
B.The underlying logic of the effect.
C.The causes of people’s errors.
D.The design of Galton’s experiment.
正确选项B.The underlying logic of the effect.
必须对划定段落整理理解！正确选项可能包含一个“玩味的”词汇
underlying adj.根本的；潜在的
类型二：为何提到
材料三：2023年
全国甲卷C篇29题
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.
29. Why does the author list great philosophers in Paragraph 4 (2023年全国甲卷C篇)
A.To compare Weiner with them. B.To give examples of great works.
C.To praise their writing skills. D.To help readers understand Weiner’s book.
Socrates
Thoreau
Schopenhauer
Nietzsche
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.
29.Why does the author list great philosophers in Paragraph 4 (2023年全国甲卷C篇)
A.To compare Weiner with them.
B.To give examples of great works.
C.To praise their writing skills.
D.To help readers understand Weiner’s book.
干扰项B和C
选取“被提到物”的特征，设置干扰项，起诱导作用
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.
画线句翻译：阅读（这本书）的最终结果是，我们学会了像苏格拉底那样思考，像
梭罗那样观察，像叔本华那样倾听，以及像尼采那样无怨无悔。
29.Why does the author list great philosophers in Paragraph 4 (2023年全国甲卷C篇)
A.To compare Weiner with them.
B.To give examples of great works.
C.To praise their writing skills.
D.To help readers understand Weiner’s book.
正确选项D
当“被提到物”为语篇“主体”同类型时，通常目的是帮助表达“主体”性质特点
语篇主体是什么？是否与“被提到物”同类型？
材料四：2023年
新课标2卷C篇31题
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the page parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
31.What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader (2023年新课标2卷C篇)
A.The printed book is not totally out of date.
B.Technology has changed the way we read.
C.Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D.People now rarely have the patience to read.
我们需要提防哪个选项？
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the page parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
31.What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader (2023年新课标2卷C篇)
A.The printed book is not totally out of date.
B.Technology has changed the way we read.
C.Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D.People now rarely have the patience to read.
干扰项B和C
选取“被提到物”的特征，设置干扰项，起诱导作用
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the page parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
31.What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader (2023年新课标2卷C篇)
A.The printed book is not totally out of date.
B.Technology has changed the way we read.
C.Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D.People now rarely have the patience to read.
正确选项A
当“被提到物”为语篇“主体”同类型时，通常目的是帮助表达“主体”性质特点
语篇主体是什么？是否与“被提到物”同类型？
类型三：特有词定位
材料五：2023年
新课标1卷B篇25题
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
25.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks (2023年新课标1卷B篇)
A.To feed the animals.
B.To build an ecosystem.
C.To protect the plants.
D.To test the eco-machine.
我们需要定位哪个特有词？
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
25.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks (2023年新课标1卷B篇)
A.To feed the animals.
B.To build an ecosystem.
C.To protect the plants.
D.To test the eco-machine.
干扰项B
在特有词定位点之前，断章取义，设置干扰项，形成背景或因果的错觉
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
25.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks (2023年新课标1卷B篇)
A.To feed the animals.
B.To build an ecosystem.
C.To protect the plants.
D.To test the eco-machine.
正确选项D
特有词的出现往往伴随着进一步的阐述或说明，不用着急在定位点前找关键词，可以往后看看进一步的阐述或说明。
材料六：2023年
新课标1卷D篇33题
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
33.Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ______.(2023年新课标1卷D篇)
A.the crowds were relatively small
B.there were occasional underestimates
C.individuals did not communicate
D.estimates were not fully independent
我们需要定位哪个特有词？
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
33.Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ______.(2023年新课标1卷D篇)
A.the crowds were relatively small
B.there were occasional underestimates
C.individuals did not communicate
D.estimates were not fully independent
干扰项A
在特有词定位点之前，断章取义，设置干扰项，形成背景或因果的错觉
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
33.Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ______.(2023年新课标1卷D篇)
A.the crowds were relatively small
B.there were occasional underestimates
C.individuals did not communicate
D.estimates were not fully independent
正确选项D
特有词的出现往往伴随着进一步的阐述或说明，不用着急在定位点前找关键词，可以往后看看进一步的阐述或说明。
材料七：2022年全国新高考1卷D篇33题
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure, making it easier to produce such sounds.
33.Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals (2022年全国新高考1卷)
A.They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B.They could not open and close their lips easily.
C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
Thank you!
“四选一”干扰项排除技巧
高考英语阅读理解
类型一：指定段落
材料一：2023年
新课标1卷B篇24题
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs (2023年新课标1卷B篇)
A. He was fond of travelling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
当题干中明确指定出需要解析的段落时，我们通常习惯去关注段落的哪个部分？
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs (2023年新课标1卷B篇)
A. He was fond of travelling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
干扰项A.He was fond of travelling.
利用思维定势，在划定段落起始部分，通过断章取义，设置干扰项
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs (2023年新课标1卷B篇)
A. He was fond of travelling.
B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind.
D. He longed to be a doctor.
正确选项C.He had an inquiring mind.
必须对划定段落整理理解！正确选项可能包含一个“玩味的”词汇
仔细阅读“整个语篇”，哪些表达体现了John的特点？
inquiring adj.好问的；爱探索的
材料二：2023年
新课标1卷D篇32题
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If, for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
32. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about (2023年新课标1卷D篇)
A. The methods of estimation.
B. The underlying logic of the effect.
C. The causes of people’s errors.
D. The design of Galton’s experiment.
我们需要提防哪个选项？
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If, for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
32. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about (2023年新课标1卷D篇)
A. The methods of estimation.
B. The underlying logic of the effect.
C. The causes of people’s errors.
D. The design of Galton’s experiment.
干扰项C. The causes of people’s errors.
利用思维定势，在划定段落起始部分，通过断章取义，设置干扰项
On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If, for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
32.What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about (2023年新课标1卷D篇)
A.The methods of estimation.
B.The underlying logic of the effect.
C.The causes of people’s errors.
D.The design of Galton’s experiment.
正确选项B.The underlying logic of the effect.
必须对划定段落整理理解！正确选项可能包含一个“玩味的”词汇
underlying adj.根本的；潜在的
类型二：为何提到
材料三：2023年
全国甲卷C篇29题
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.
29. Why does the author list great philosophers in Paragraph 4 (2023年全国甲卷C篇)
A.To compare Weiner with them. B.To give examples of great works.
C.To praise their writing skills. D.To help readers understand Weiner’s book.
Socrates
Thoreau
Schopenhauer
Nietzsche
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.
29.Why does the author list great philosophers in Paragraph 4 (2023年全国甲卷C篇)
A.To compare Weiner with them.
B.To give examples of great works.
C.To praise their writing skills.
D.To help readers understand Weiner’s book.
干扰项B和C
选取“被提到物”的特征，设置干扰项，起诱导作用
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.
画线句翻译：阅读（这本书）的最终结果是，我们学会了像苏格拉底那样思考，像
梭罗那样观察，像叔本华那样倾听，以及像尼采那样无怨无悔。
29.Why does the author list great philosophers in Paragraph 4 (2023年全国甲卷C篇)
A.To compare Weiner with them.
B.To give examples of great works.
C.To praise their writing skills.
D.To help readers understand Weiner’s book.
正确选项D
当“被提到物”为语篇“主体”同类型时，通常目的是帮助表达“主体”性质特点
语篇主体是什么？是否与“被提到物”同类型？
材料四：2023年
新课标2卷C篇31题
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the page parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
31.What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader (2023年新课标2卷C篇)
A.The printed book is not totally out of date.
B.Technology has changed the way we read.
C.Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D.People now rarely have the patience to read.
我们需要提防哪个选项？
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the page parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
31.What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader (2023年新课标2卷C篇)
A.The printed book is not totally out of date.
B.Technology has changed the way we read.
C.Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D.People now rarely have the patience to read.
干扰项B和C
选取“被提到物”的特征，设置干扰项，起诱导作用
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the page parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
31.What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader (2023年新课标2卷C篇)
A.The printed book is not totally out of date.
B.Technology has changed the way we read.
C.Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D.People now rarely have the patience to read.
正确选项A
当“被提到物”为语篇“主体”同类型时，通常目的是帮助表达“主体”性质特点
语篇主体是什么？是否与“被提到物”同类型？
类型三：特有词定位
材料五：2023年
新课标1卷B篇25题
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
25.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks (2023年新课标1卷B篇)
A.To feed the animals.
B.To build an ecosystem.
C.To protect the plants.
D.To test the eco-machine.
我们需要定位哪个特有词？
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
25.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks (2023年新课标1卷B篇)
A.To feed the animals.
B.To build an ecosystem.
C.To protect the plants.
D.To test the eco-machine.
干扰项B
在特有词定位点之前，断章取义，设置干扰项，形成背景或因果的错觉
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
25.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks (2023年新课标1卷B篇)
A.To feed the animals.
B.To build an ecosystem.
C.To protect the plants.
D.To test the eco-machine.
正确选项D
特有词的出现往往伴随着进一步的阐述或说明，不用着急在定位点前找关键词，可以往后看看进一步的阐述或说明。
材料六：2023年
新课标1卷D篇33题
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
33.Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ______.(2023年新课标1卷D篇)
A.the crowds were relatively small
B.there were occasional underestimates
C.individuals did not communicate
D.estimates were not fully independent
我们需要定位哪个特有词？
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
33.Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ______.(2023年新课标1卷D篇)
A.the crowds were relatively small
B.there were occasional underestimates
C.individuals did not communicate
D.estimates were not fully independent
干扰项A
在特有词定位点之前，断章取义，设置干扰项，形成背景或因果的错觉
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
33.Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ______.(2023年新课标1卷D篇)
A.the crowds were relatively small
B.there were occasional underestimates
C.individuals did not communicate
D.estimates were not fully independent
正确选项D
特有词的出现往往伴随着进一步的阐述或说明，不用着急在定位点前找关键词，可以往后看看进一步的阐述或说明。
材料七：2022年全国新高考1卷D篇33题
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure, making it easier to produce such sounds.
33.Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals (2022年全国新高考1卷)
A.They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B.They could not open and close their lips easily.
C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
Thank you!