外研版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science 课件(共37张PPT)
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science 课件(共37张PPT) |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-11-29 22:07:57 | ||
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(共37张PPT)
Section A
The world of science
1. shoot
v. (shot, shot) 射出（光、亮等），放射
shoot at朝……射击
shoot yourself in the foot 搬起石头砸自己的脚
shoot down 射倒；击落
shoot sth. up 开枪打坏
shoot sb. in the leg/head 射中某人的腿/头
练习：The hunter was about to shoot __________ the bird when he heard a scream.
Vocabulary
at
2. in addition
辨析：in addition 与 in addition to
in addition “另外；也”，相当于连接副词
The dress is too expensive. In addition, she doesn't like its colour.
这条裙子太贵了。除此之外，她不喜欢它的颜色。
in addition to “除……之外（还）”，后接名词、代词或动名词，相当于介词
In addition to English, he has to study a second foreign language.
除英语外，他还得再学一门外语。
练习：In addition to ___________ (be) lighter, this kind of material has other advantages over traditional forms.
being
3. capable
be capable of (doing)sth. 有能力做某事
incapable adj. 无能力的
capably adv. 能干地
练习：We should help those who are _________ (capable) of taking care of their personal affairs.
incapable
4. desire
have a desire for/to do sth. 渴望得到某物/做某事
desire to do sth. 渴望做某事
desire sb.to do sth. 希望某人做某事
desire that ... 渴望……（谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略）
注意：当 desire 作动词后接宾语从句，以及desire作名词后接同位语从句或表语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”形式，should 可以省略。
练习：The people trapped in the ruins desire that rescue teams _________________ (send) here without delay(延迟).
(should) be sent
Virtual reality
Virtual reality (VR) is a computer-generated scenario that simulates an experience through senses and perception. The immersive environment can be similar to the real world or it can be fantastical, creating an experience not possible in ordinary physical reality.
Wearable tech
Wearable technology refers to smart electronic devices that are attached to the body, unsupported by the hands.
Flexible battery
Flexible batteries are designed to be flexible, unlike traditional rigid batteries. There is increasing interest in portable and flexible batteries, which can be implemented in products such as smart cards and wearable electronics.
Read about the inventions from famous novels and choose those that have become a reality.
Look at the pictures and talk about how the way we live has changed over time. Discuss the reasons behind these changes.
Discussion
Prediction
Read the title and predict what the passage will we talk about.
Find the answer
① What does Richard think of the interviewer's first question
② How does Richard feel about our age of invention
③ What's the common feature of most of the new great inventions
④ What examples does Richard give when asked
⑤ What does Richard think inspires us to invent
Choose the sentences that describe Dr Fairhurst’s opinions.
Inventions in Ancient China were better than those in the West.
A lot of today’s great inventions are tech-based.
Today, most inventors prefer working by themselves.
The desire to solve problems inspires invention.
A time machine will definitely be invented in the future.
Thank you
Section B
The world of science
1. beyond
beyond one's control超出某人的控制，不受某人的控制
beyond one's imagination 超乎某人的想象
beyond expression 无法表达
beyond description 无法形容
beyond belief令人难以置信
beyond one's power 超出某人的权力范围
beyond compare 无与伦比
练习：The scenery along the lake is beautiful __________________ (无法形容).
Vocabulary
beyond description
2. significant
significance n. 重要性，意义
be of great/much significance 重要的，有重大意义的
be of no/little significance 无关紧要的
have great/no significance (for. . . ) （对……）很重要/不重要
attach (great) significance to. . . （非常）重视……
练习：Something _____________ (significance) is happening to the world population — it is aging.
significant
3. origin
the origin of. . . ……的起源/起因
in origin 在来源上
have one's origins in. . . 起源于……
by origin 籍贯
original adj. 原来的，起初的；独创的
originally adv. 原来，起初
originate vi.起源，发端于；vt. 创立，创建
练习：The jeans today have changed very slightly from their __________ (origin) design.
original
4. cure
a cure for. . . ……的疗法／措施
cure sth. 治好……疾病
cure sb. 治好某人
cure sb. of sth. 使某人从某种疾病中痊愈
练习：Medical research often makes use ________ the forests' plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures _______ certain diseases.
of
for
Grammar
现在完成时的
被动语态
动词的语态表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。下面几种情况一般用被动语态：
1.不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
Such books have been written for children.
已经为儿童编写这类书籍了。
2.强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
All these products have been tested. 这些产品都经过测试了。
3.动作的执行者很模糊。
The letter has been opened. 这封信被人拆开了。
4.有时为了礼貌的需要，避免说出动作的执行者。
They have been told many times not to make noises.
已经有人多次跟他们说别那么大声了。
选用被动语态的情况
现在完成时的被动语态的基本构成是：have/has been done。但在不同的句式中，其具体形式也有所不同。
1.肯定句形式：主语＋have/has been done (+其他).
The bridge over the Yellow River has just been completed.
黄河上的这座桥刚刚建成。
The plan has been studied by the experts last month.
这个计划在上个月已经由专家研究过了。
2.否定句形式：主语＋have/has not been done (+其他).
They haven't been told the exciting news yet, have they
还没有人告诉他们这个令人激动的消息，是吗？
The second-hand car has not been sold. 这辆二手汽车还没有被卖出去。
现在完成时的被动语态的构成
3.一般疑问句形式
Have/Has+主语+ been done (+其他)
－Has her work been finished 她的工作完成了吗？
－Yes, it has. 是的，完成了。
4.特殊疑问句形式
特殊疑问词＋have/has+主语＋been done (+其他)
How long has the machine been used 这台机器使用多久了？
1.表示被动的动作在说话前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与 already, yet, never, recently等副词及时间状语 so far, by now, up till now等连用。
The room has already been cleaned.
这个房间已经被打扫干净了。（现在已经不用打扫房间了）
The doctor hasn't been sent for yet.
还没有派人去请医生。（现在应派人去请医生）
现在完成时的被动语态的用法
2.表示被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for或since等引出的时间状语（从句）连用，或用于how long引出的句子中。
The bridge has been built for two years. 这座桥已经建了两年了。（可能还会继续建造）
How long has the project been carried out
这项工程已经实施多长时间了？（可能还会继续实施）
3. 用在时间状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作。
We'll start as soon as the work has been finished.
这份工作一完成我们就立即动身。
1. Shakespeare's play Hamlet ___________ (make) into at least ten different films over the past years.
2. － Would you like to go to the cinema with me tomorrow afternoon
－I'd like to, Mum, but I _______________ (invite) to a party by Jane. It is her birthday.
3. Till now, three films _______________ (show) in that small village this month.
4. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I ___________ (tell) the cloth washes well.
5. In the last few years thousands of films ________________ (produce) all over the world.
练习
has been made
have been invited
have been shown
have been told
have been produced
Section C
The world of science
1. experiment
an experiment with/on... 关于……的实验
perform/carry out/do/conduct an experiment 做实验
experiment with/on... 用……做实验/试用……
练习：____________________ (用……做实验) mice can give us an idea of the effect of the disease on humans.
Vocabulary
Experimenting on/with
2.attach
attach . . .to. . . 把……系于……；把……附在……上（to为介词）
attach (great/little) importance/value/weight/significance to. . . 认为……（很有／几乎没有）重要性／价值／分量／意义（to为介词）
attached adj.爱慕，依恋；附属于
be attached to. . . 附属于……；依恋/爱慕……
attachment n.附属物，附件；爱慕，依恋
练习：My younger brother is studying in a high school __________ (attach) to Renmin University of China.
attached
3. conduct
conduct a survey/an experiment/an interview 进行调查/实验/面试
conduct oneself well/badly 表现好/差
conductor n.（乐队）指挥；（公共汽车上的）售票员；列车长；导体
conductive adj. 具有传导性的
注意：conduct 词性不同时，发音不同，重音位置也不同，作名词时重音在前，作动词时重音在后，可以概括为“名前动后”。此类单词常见的还有 transport, import, increase 等。
练习：Yesterday our chemistry teacher ___________ an experiment on wood to see whether it was __________, and after the experiment we drew a conclusion that wood was a poor _________ of heat.
conducted
conductive
conductor
4. account
give an account of. . . 描述……
open/close an account 开户／销户
have an account at/with a bank 在银行有账户
account for. . . 是……的原因；解释……；（数量上、比例上）占……
account sb. + adj. /n. 认为某人……(常用于被动语态）
on account of 因为，由于
on no account 决不，绝对不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装）
take sth. into account(=take account of sth.) 考虑到某事，顾及某事
练习：Lighting accounts ___________ about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.
for
Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and helped draft the Declaration of Independence. Apart from being a successful statesman, he was also well known as a leading American author, printer and publisher, successful diplomat, creative scientist and inventor.
（1）Do you know something about Benjamin Franklin
（2）What was he known for in the world
What is Franklin experiment aimed to prove
Read and Think
Lightning was a form of electricity.
Number the statements to show how people’s attitudes towards Franklin’s experiment have changed.
1. Franklin’s spirit of scientific exploration is still considered an inspiration.
2. People are amazed at and inspired by Franklin’s experiment.
3. Scientists question what really happened in Franklin’s experiment.
参考答案：3 1 2
Think & Share
1. Do you think it matters that Franklin's experiment might not be true Why
2. What is your opinion about the statement ". . .we should not always believe everything we read or hear-even if it is a great story"
3. What qualities do you think a great scientist should have
4. In what ways do scientists contribute to society
Firstly, scientific discoveries promote the development of our society. Secondly, the contributions of scientists in medicine extend our life span. Thirdly, scientists have invented a lot of surprising tools that fundamentally improve our living standards.
完成一个实验的步骤有设计实验、做实验和写实验报告。
写实验报告时，注意要完整介绍实验过程，用恰当的表示顺序的词语来清楚表述实验步骤。句式要多用祈使句，时态多为一般现在时。
实验报告通常包括以下内容：
1.实验目的：表明为什么要做这个实验。
2.实验用品：交代做实验要用的物品。
3.实验方法和过程：清楚、具体地写明实验步骤。在组织文字时，要正确运用表示顺序的词。
4.实验结果：如实且正确地记录实验现象或数据。
5.结论：通过实验得出相关的结论。
如何写实验报告
实验报告中常用的词语：
1.实验目的：aim, purpose, in order to, to find out...
2.实验用品：apparatus（仪器），beaker（烧杯），equipment, test tube（试管），test tube holder（试管夹），balance（天平），liquid, solid, gas...
3.实验过程：process, firstly, secondly, lastly, heat, boil, fill, add... to..., measure, weigh...
4.实验结果：result, conclusion, in a word, in conclusion...
练习
实验目的 测量镁在空气中加热后重量是否有变化
实验用品 镁（magnesium），本生灯（Bunsen burner），天平（balance），坩埚（crucible）
实验步骤 1.把镁放进坩埚内；
2.把坩埚放在天平上称重；
3.点燃本生灯，加热坩埚；
4.再把坩埚放在天平上称重；
5.比较两次称重的结果。
实验结果 第二次称重数据大于第一次称重数据
实验结论 镁在空气中加热后重量有变化
请根据下面表格中的内容写一篇100词左右的实验报告。
One possible version:
The aim of the experiment is to find out if there's a change in weight after magnesium is heated in air.
To carry out the experiment, you need the following things: magnesium, a Bunsen burner, a balance and a crucible. When all these are ready, you can begin the experiment.
First, put the magnesium in the crucible. Then put the crucible on the balance and weigh them. Next, light the Bunsen burner and place the crucible over it to heat the magnesium. Finally, weigh them again, and compare the two weights.
You can see the magnesium weighs a little more than before. That's because there is a change in weight after magnesium is heated in air.
Section A
The world of science
1. shoot
v. (shot, shot) 射出（光、亮等），放射
shoot at朝……射击
shoot yourself in the foot 搬起石头砸自己的脚
shoot down 射倒；击落
shoot sth. up 开枪打坏
shoot sb. in the leg/head 射中某人的腿/头
练习：The hunter was about to shoot __________ the bird when he heard a scream.
Vocabulary
at
2. in addition
辨析：in addition 与 in addition to
in addition “另外；也”，相当于连接副词
The dress is too expensive. In addition, she doesn't like its colour.
这条裙子太贵了。除此之外，她不喜欢它的颜色。
in addition to “除……之外（还）”，后接名词、代词或动名词，相当于介词
In addition to English, he has to study a second foreign language.
除英语外，他还得再学一门外语。
练习：In addition to ___________ (be) lighter, this kind of material has other advantages over traditional forms.
being
3. capable
be capable of (doing)sth. 有能力做某事
incapable adj. 无能力的
capably adv. 能干地
练习：We should help those who are _________ (capable) of taking care of their personal affairs.
incapable
4. desire
have a desire for/to do sth. 渴望得到某物/做某事
desire to do sth. 渴望做某事
desire sb.to do sth. 希望某人做某事
desire that ... 渴望……（谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略）
注意：当 desire 作动词后接宾语从句，以及desire作名词后接同位语从句或表语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”形式，should 可以省略。
练习：The people trapped in the ruins desire that rescue teams _________________ (send) here without delay(延迟).
(should) be sent
Virtual reality
Virtual reality (VR) is a computer-generated scenario that simulates an experience through senses and perception. The immersive environment can be similar to the real world or it can be fantastical, creating an experience not possible in ordinary physical reality.
Wearable tech
Wearable technology refers to smart electronic devices that are attached to the body, unsupported by the hands.
Flexible battery
Flexible batteries are designed to be flexible, unlike traditional rigid batteries. There is increasing interest in portable and flexible batteries, which can be implemented in products such as smart cards and wearable electronics.
Read about the inventions from famous novels and choose those that have become a reality.
Look at the pictures and talk about how the way we live has changed over time. Discuss the reasons behind these changes.
Discussion
Prediction
Read the title and predict what the passage will we talk about.
Find the answer
① What does Richard think of the interviewer's first question
② How does Richard feel about our age of invention
③ What's the common feature of most of the new great inventions
④ What examples does Richard give when asked
⑤ What does Richard think inspires us to invent
Choose the sentences that describe Dr Fairhurst’s opinions.
Inventions in Ancient China were better than those in the West.
A lot of today’s great inventions are tech-based.
Today, most inventors prefer working by themselves.
The desire to solve problems inspires invention.
A time machine will definitely be invented in the future.
Thank you
Section B
The world of science
1. beyond
beyond one's control超出某人的控制，不受某人的控制
beyond one's imagination 超乎某人的想象
beyond expression 无法表达
beyond description 无法形容
beyond belief令人难以置信
beyond one's power 超出某人的权力范围
beyond compare 无与伦比
练习：The scenery along the lake is beautiful __________________ (无法形容).
Vocabulary
beyond description
2. significant
significance n. 重要性，意义
be of great/much significance 重要的，有重大意义的
be of no/little significance 无关紧要的
have great/no significance (for. . . ) （对……）很重要/不重要
attach (great) significance to. . . （非常）重视……
练习：Something _____________ (significance) is happening to the world population — it is aging.
significant
3. origin
the origin of. . . ……的起源/起因
in origin 在来源上
have one's origins in. . . 起源于……
by origin 籍贯
original adj. 原来的，起初的；独创的
originally adv. 原来，起初
originate vi.起源，发端于；vt. 创立，创建
练习：The jeans today have changed very slightly from their __________ (origin) design.
original
4. cure
a cure for. . . ……的疗法／措施
cure sth. 治好……疾病
cure sb. 治好某人
cure sb. of sth. 使某人从某种疾病中痊愈
练习：Medical research often makes use ________ the forests' plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures _______ certain diseases.
of
for
Grammar
现在完成时的
被动语态
动词的语态表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。下面几种情况一般用被动语态：
1.不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
Such books have been written for children.
已经为儿童编写这类书籍了。
2.强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
All these products have been tested. 这些产品都经过测试了。
3.动作的执行者很模糊。
The letter has been opened. 这封信被人拆开了。
4.有时为了礼貌的需要，避免说出动作的执行者。
They have been told many times not to make noises.
已经有人多次跟他们说别那么大声了。
选用被动语态的情况
现在完成时的被动语态的基本构成是：have/has been done。但在不同的句式中，其具体形式也有所不同。
1.肯定句形式：主语＋have/has been done (+其他).
The bridge over the Yellow River has just been completed.
黄河上的这座桥刚刚建成。
The plan has been studied by the experts last month.
这个计划在上个月已经由专家研究过了。
2.否定句形式：主语＋have/has not been done (+其他).
They haven't been told the exciting news yet, have they
还没有人告诉他们这个令人激动的消息，是吗？
The second-hand car has not been sold. 这辆二手汽车还没有被卖出去。
现在完成时的被动语态的构成
3.一般疑问句形式
Have/Has+主语+ been done (+其他)
－Has her work been finished 她的工作完成了吗？
－Yes, it has. 是的，完成了。
4.特殊疑问句形式
特殊疑问词＋have/has+主语＋been done (+其他)
How long has the machine been used 这台机器使用多久了？
1.表示被动的动作在说话前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与 already, yet, never, recently等副词及时间状语 so far, by now, up till now等连用。
The room has already been cleaned.
这个房间已经被打扫干净了。（现在已经不用打扫房间了）
The doctor hasn't been sent for yet.
还没有派人去请医生。（现在应派人去请医生）
现在完成时的被动语态的用法
2.表示被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for或since等引出的时间状语（从句）连用，或用于how long引出的句子中。
The bridge has been built for two years. 这座桥已经建了两年了。（可能还会继续建造）
How long has the project been carried out
这项工程已经实施多长时间了？（可能还会继续实施）
3. 用在时间状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作。
We'll start as soon as the work has been finished.
这份工作一完成我们就立即动身。
1. Shakespeare's play Hamlet ___________ (make) into at least ten different films over the past years.
2. － Would you like to go to the cinema with me tomorrow afternoon
－I'd like to, Mum, but I _______________ (invite) to a party by Jane. It is her birthday.
3. Till now, three films _______________ (show) in that small village this month.
4. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I ___________ (tell) the cloth washes well.
5. In the last few years thousands of films ________________ (produce) all over the world.
练习
has been made
have been invited
have been shown
have been told
have been produced
Section C
The world of science
1. experiment
an experiment with/on... 关于……的实验
perform/carry out/do/conduct an experiment 做实验
experiment with/on... 用……做实验/试用……
练习：____________________ (用……做实验) mice can give us an idea of the effect of the disease on humans.
Vocabulary
Experimenting on/with
2.attach
attach . . .to. . . 把……系于……；把……附在……上（to为介词）
attach (great/little) importance/value/weight/significance to. . . 认为……（很有／几乎没有）重要性／价值／分量／意义（to为介词）
attached adj.爱慕，依恋；附属于
be attached to. . . 附属于……；依恋/爱慕……
attachment n.附属物，附件；爱慕，依恋
练习：My younger brother is studying in a high school __________ (attach) to Renmin University of China.
attached
3. conduct
conduct a survey/an experiment/an interview 进行调查/实验/面试
conduct oneself well/badly 表现好/差
conductor n.（乐队）指挥；（公共汽车上的）售票员；列车长；导体
conductive adj. 具有传导性的
注意：conduct 词性不同时，发音不同，重音位置也不同，作名词时重音在前，作动词时重音在后，可以概括为“名前动后”。此类单词常见的还有 transport, import, increase 等。
练习：Yesterday our chemistry teacher ___________ an experiment on wood to see whether it was __________, and after the experiment we drew a conclusion that wood was a poor _________ of heat.
conducted
conductive
conductor
4. account
give an account of. . . 描述……
open/close an account 开户／销户
have an account at/with a bank 在银行有账户
account for. . . 是……的原因；解释……；（数量上、比例上）占……
account sb. + adj. /n. 认为某人……(常用于被动语态）
on account of 因为，由于
on no account 决不，绝对不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装）
take sth. into account(=take account of sth.) 考虑到某事，顾及某事
练习：Lighting accounts ___________ about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.
for
Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and helped draft the Declaration of Independence. Apart from being a successful statesman, he was also well known as a leading American author, printer and publisher, successful diplomat, creative scientist and inventor.
（1）Do you know something about Benjamin Franklin
（2）What was he known for in the world
What is Franklin experiment aimed to prove
Read and Think
Lightning was a form of electricity.
Number the statements to show how people’s attitudes towards Franklin’s experiment have changed.
1. Franklin’s spirit of scientific exploration is still considered an inspiration.
2. People are amazed at and inspired by Franklin’s experiment.
3. Scientists question what really happened in Franklin’s experiment.
参考答案：3 1 2
Think & Share
1. Do you think it matters that Franklin's experiment might not be true Why
2. What is your opinion about the statement ". . .we should not always believe everything we read or hear-even if it is a great story"
3. What qualities do you think a great scientist should have
4. In what ways do scientists contribute to society
Firstly, scientific discoveries promote the development of our society. Secondly, the contributions of scientists in medicine extend our life span. Thirdly, scientists have invented a lot of surprising tools that fundamentally improve our living standards.
完成一个实验的步骤有设计实验、做实验和写实验报告。
写实验报告时，注意要完整介绍实验过程，用恰当的表示顺序的词语来清楚表述实验步骤。句式要多用祈使句，时态多为一般现在时。
实验报告通常包括以下内容：
1.实验目的：表明为什么要做这个实验。
2.实验用品：交代做实验要用的物品。
3.实验方法和过程：清楚、具体地写明实验步骤。在组织文字时，要正确运用表示顺序的词。
4.实验结果：如实且正确地记录实验现象或数据。
5.结论：通过实验得出相关的结论。
如何写实验报告
实验报告中常用的词语：
1.实验目的：aim, purpose, in order to, to find out...
2.实验用品：apparatus（仪器），beaker（烧杯），equipment, test tube（试管），test tube holder（试管夹），balance（天平），liquid, solid, gas...
3.实验过程：process, firstly, secondly, lastly, heat, boil, fill, add... to..., measure, weigh...
4.实验结果：result, conclusion, in a word, in conclusion...
练习
实验目的 测量镁在空气中加热后重量是否有变化
实验用品 镁（magnesium），本生灯（Bunsen burner），天平（balance），坩埚（crucible）
实验步骤 1.把镁放进坩埚内；
2.把坩埚放在天平上称重；
3.点燃本生灯，加热坩埚；
4.再把坩埚放在天平上称重；
5.比较两次称重的结果。
实验结果 第二次称重数据大于第一次称重数据
实验结论 镁在空气中加热后重量有变化
请根据下面表格中的内容写一篇100词左右的实验报告。
One possible version:
The aim of the experiment is to find out if there's a change in weight after magnesium is heated in air.
To carry out the experiment, you need the following things: magnesium, a Bunsen burner, a balance and a crucible. When all these are ready, you can begin the experiment.
First, put the magnesium in the crucible. Then put the crucible on the balance and weigh them. Next, light the Bunsen burner and place the crucible over it to heat the magnesium. Finally, weigh them again, and compare the two weights.
You can see the magnesium weighs a little more than before. That's because there is a change in weight after magnesium is heated in air.