主谓一致 课件

课件35张PPT。 主 谓 一 致例如：指的是谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。 一. 整体原则1. 表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体。
e.g. Fifty years is not a long time.
Ten thousand dollars is quite a large
sum.2. 非谓语动词，从句或其他短语作主
语，谓语动词用单数形式。
(1) To get up early and to go to sleep early
______ good for your health.
A. is B. are C. was D. were由and连接两个名词，包括两个不定式、两个动名词作主语，若指同一件事或一个概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。(2) When and where to build the new factory
______ yet.
A. is not decided
B. are not decided
C. has not decoded
D. have not decided当when和where加不定式指的是同一件事时，谓语动词用单数。 (3) Playing football not only ______ us grow up
tall and strong but also ______ us a sense of
fair play and team spirit .
A. make; give B .makes; gives
C. makes; give D .make; gives
(4) When we will hold the meeting ______ not
decided yet .
A. is B. are C. be D .was 二. 舍近求远的原则
主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with， together with， except， but， like， as well as， rather than， more than， no less than， besides， including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。E.g. Mr. Green, together with his wife and
children, has come to China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the
playground. She, like you and Tom, is very tall.Nobody but Jane ______ the secret.
A. know B. knows
C. have known D. is known
2. I, rather than you, ______ responsible for the
accident.
A. am B. are C. has D. have
3. A library with five thousand books ______ to the
nation as a gift.
A. is offered B. has offered
C. are offered D. have offered4. All but one ______ here just now.
A. is B. was
C. has been D. were
5. Tom as well as two of his classmates ______
invited to the party.
A. was B. were
C. have been D. had been
6. No one except my parents ______ anything
about it.
A. know B. knows
C. is knowing D. have knownnot only … but also; not …but;
neither…nor; either…or, 以及or连
接的并列主语，谓语动词要与最靠
近它的主语在数上保持一致。
e.g. Not only your father’s friends but also
your father likes smoking.三.就近原则Not only I but also Jane and Mary tired
of having one exam after another.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
(2) One or perhaps more pages ______ missing.
A. is B. are
C. has been D. have been
(3) Peter, perhaps John, ______ playing with the
little dog.
A. seems B. were C. are D. is(4) ______ he ______ I finished the experiment?
A. Have neither/nor B. Has neither/nor
C. Have neither/or D. Have either /or
(5) --- ______ either he or I fit for the job?
--- Neither he nor you ______.
A. Am; are B. Is; are
C. Are; are D. Is; is
(6) Here ______ a pen, a few envelopes and some
paper for you.
A. be B. am C. is D. are2. 在倒装句中以及在There be …结构中，如主语是并列的，谓语动词往往和靠近的主语取得数上的一致。
(1) On the wall _____ famous paintings.
A. have B. are C. is D. has
(2) There _____ some milk and apples
on the table.
A. are B. is C. were D. has由and连接的并列结构后的谓语动词一般用复数。如果and连接的两个名词是指同一个整体则谓语动词用单数，这时 and 后面的名词前没有冠词。
e.g. The writer and filmmaker Henry Bruce
disagrees.
2. 由and连接的两个不可数名词前带限定词
all时，谓语动词用单数
e.g. All his time and money has been wasted.四. 意义一致 Both the secretary and the manager
_______ agreed to attend the meeting.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
(2) The secretary and manager _______ very
busy now.
A. is B. are C.has been D. were3.以-s结尾的单数词：
看起来像复数词，其实是单数词,
如news, upstairs等。
e.g. There isn’t much news in today’
newspaper.
The upstairs of this house is all new.
一些学科名称看作单数。
e.g. Mathematics is easy for him.
Physics is a field of study.4. “the +形容词或分词”作主语时，如指一
类人，其谓语用复数；如指抽象概念，
其谓语用单数。如：
e.g. The rich are not always happy.
The new is sure to replace the old.
The blind are taught skills in special
schools.5. 主语是family, class, audience, crowd, crew,
committee（委员会）, group, party, public，
population, team等集合名词时，如果作为一
个整体看，谓语用单数形式；如指的是全体
人员时，谓语用复数。
e.g. His family are all music lovers.
The population of the earth is increasing
very fast.He said that his family _______ all very well.
A. are B. were C. is D. was
(2) The population of the city _______ increasing fast.
A. were B. be C. is D. are
(3) Zhang’s family _______ rather big, with twelve
people in all.
A. is B. are C. being D. was
(4) The United States _______ made up of 50 states, one
of which ________ Kentucky.
A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are
(5) Now the police _______ searching the town for the
lost child. A. was B. were C. is D. are6. “one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句”之
前有the only, the very, the等限定词
和修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词
用单数形式。
e.g. She is the only one of these
women who plays the violin. John is the only one of the students in our
class who ______ to school on foot.
A. go B. goes
C. have gone D. are going
(2) He was the one of the students who
______ praised at the meeting.
A. was B. were C. is D. are如果主语是由and连接的两个单数名词，谓语用复数，但前面有each, every, no 等词修饰时，谓语用单数。
e.g. Each doctor and each nurse was sent for.
No student and no teacher is invited to
the party.
Every boy and girl in this region is taught
to read and write.五.语法一致 During the holidays every train and ship
______ crowded.
A. are B. were C. was D. has
(2) No teacher and no student ______
admitted in here.
A. are B. were C. is D. has2. 由 many a 或 more than + 单数名词
作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。
e.g. Many a foreigner has been to the
Great Wall.
More than one student has visited
the exhibition. More than one person here ______ with the
disease.
A. has been infected B. have been infected
C. has been infecting D. have been infecting
(2) Many a student _______ that mistake before.
A. had made B. has been made
C. have made D. has made3. 主语是一些只有复数形式的名词，如
clothes, trousers, glasses, scissors, shoes,
socks, gloves等时，谓语用复数。
但这类表示成双的东西的名词前有
a pair of修饰时，谓语用单数。
e.g. My trousers are being washed now.
There is a pair of shoes in the box. 4. “one and a half +复数名词”谓语用单数
“one or two + 复数名词”谓语用复数
“one + 单数名词 + or two” 谓语用单数
e.g. One and a half apples is left on the table.
One or two reasons were suggested.
One reason or two was suggested. One and a half apples ______ on the table.
A. is leaving B. is left
C. are left D. left
(2) One or perhaps more pages ______
missing.
A. is B. are
C. has been D. have been5. 用引号的词语作主语时，谓语用
第三人称单数。" I " _____ the ninth letter of the English Alphabet.
A. are B. be C. is D. am6. 主语是a / this / that kind of +名词，
谓语用单数形式，主语指的不是一
种而是多种，谓语动词用复数。
e.g. This kind of cloth feels soft.
There are different kinds of
animals in the zoo.7. 成对的名词，如：
bread and butter涂黄油的面包，soda and
water汽水，coffee and milk加牛奶的咖
啡，aim and end目的，salt and water盐开
水等，虽然有and连接，但仍表单一概
念，作主语时，谓语用单数。
e.g. A knife and fork is on the table. 1.?The old _______well looked after by the government in
China.??? A. is??? ? ? B. are?????? C. has been?????? D. was
2.?The secretary and manager _______ very busy now.??? A. is??? ?? B. are?????? C. was???????? D. were
3.?Both the secretary and the manager _______ agreed to
attend the meeting.??? A. has??? B. have????? C. are??????? D. was
4.?Tom as well as two of his classmates _______ invited to
the party.??? A. was?? ??? B. were??? C. have been?? ? D. had been5.?Either you or I _______ going to the teachers’ office
after class.??? A. am?? B. is??????????? C. are????????? D. will6. Most of his spare time ______ spent in reading.??? A. are?? ? B. were??? C. was??? D. have been7. This is one of the best novels that _______ appeared this
year.??? A.have been? B. has?? C. had been??? D. have
8. Ten thousand dollars _______ quite a large sum.??? A.are ???? B. is???? C. were?? ? D. have 9.?About 20 percent of the work _______done yesterday.??? A. are???? B. is??? C. were??? D. was
10.?Mr Smith, together with his children, _______arrived.??? A.are???? B. has??? C. is??? D. have11.? It ____I who _____leaving for London.??? A.is…is? B. am…is??? C. is…am??? D. am…am