中考英语语法课件—宾语从句

(共23张PPT)
宾 语 从 句
语法讲堂
（简单句）
I know him .
主语
谓语
宾语
（复合句）
2. I know who he is .
主语
谓语
连词
从句主语
从句谓语
宾 语 从 句
主 句
什么是宾语？
I know him.
Do you have the time
I think (that) she is beautiful.
Why don’t you pay attention to me
宾语,位于谓语动词或者介词后。
一、宾语从句的概念
从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，
通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。
eg. We know Mr Green teaches English.
She asked if these answers were right.
二、宾语从句三要素
引导词（连接词）
语 序
时 态
（一）、引导词
1、由that引导的宾语从句
that 引导的从句，表示陈述一件事实，主句 谓 语动词表示确定，不疑问；that在句中无任何意义，不充当句子成分，常省略。
e.g. Judy says that her mum can’t understand English.
2、由Whether/If引导的宾语从句
if/ whether “是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 表示疑问不确定意义的词之后；从句句意完整，不缺成分。
e.g. Judy’s mum wondered whether/if she could possibly improve her English.
注意：只能用 whether不能用 if 的情况 1
1. 在引导主语从句、表语从句时如：
　⑴Whether it is true remains a question.
　⑵The question is whether it is true.
2. 用在动词不定式之前时用whether不用if。
　I don’t know whether to go there at once.
3.当与or not连用，或 or 提出两种选择时:
I don’t know whether he’s free or not.
Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.
Tell me whether you’d like to go shopping or tidy the room.
注意：只能用 whether不能用 if 的情况 2
4. 在介词或dicuss后面：
I’m thinking of whether we should go fishing.
We discussed whether we should close the shop.
5. 与动词不定式连用(whether to do sth.) ：
They asked me whether to go skating.
6. 为了强调宾语部分，也可把从句提在主句前。
Whether he will come I am not sure.
注意：只能用if 不能用 whether的情况
1.引导条件状语从句
If he runs fast, he’ll get there on time.
I’ll go to see you if I have time.
2.引导否定的宾语从句
Tell me if it is not going to rain, please.
3、由Wh/H疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句
主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要用疑问代词引导宾语从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。
e.g. Judy’s mum doesn’t know how she can learn English quickly.
（二）、语序
主句+连接词+从句（主语+谓语+其他成分）
注：助动词不能放在主语前面
1. Please tell me how I can get to the nearest bank.
2. Karl Marx is a great thinker. Do you know when was he born
3. Gina always asks where her keys are, because her things are everywhere.
4. Do you still remember why did you come here three years ago
True
Or False
注：当从句的原句为以下句子
以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：
What’s wrong What’s the matter
What’s happening Who is over there？
eg:
I don’t know what’s the matter.
Can you tell me who is over there
Can you tell me who he is
做主语
做宾语
注意：否定前移
若主句谓语动词为think, guess，imagine，suppose,believe等其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式；反义疑问句形式参考主句形式。
I don't think this dress fits you well, does it
我认为这件衣服不适合你穿,是吗？
I don't think you are right，are you
我认为你是错的,是吗？
I don't believe you will finish the work today， will you
我认为你今天无法完成工作, 是吗？
形式宾语
eg： I think it necessary that we learn a second language.
1. 主语+think/feel/make/find/consider/believe/+it+
adj/n+that+宾语从句
2. 主语+hate/like/love/enjoy+it+when/if+宾语从句
eg：I hate it when my mum asks me to write an English essay every day.
（三）、时态
1、主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定。
I know he lives here .
I know he lived here ten years ago .
I have heard that he will come tomorrow .
2.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）
I knew who lived there.
I saw she was talking with her mother.
He asked whether his father would come back
the next day.
He said that he had seen the movie .
3. 从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然
现象时，仍用一般现在时。
Dad told us that it is better to do than to say.
He told the boy that three and three is six.
He told me the earth moves around the sun.
Mr. Li told me the sun rises in the east.
1. The radio says it _______ cloudy tomorrow. (be)
2. The headmaster hopes everything ______ well. (go)
3. I hear they __________ (return) it already.
4. He said that they _________ members of the Party since 1948. (be)
5. Our teacher told us in class the sun _______ in the east. (rise)
6. ---Do you know what the teach _______ just now (say)
---She said practice ______ perfect. (make)
will be
goes
have returned
had been
rises
said
makes
典例
典例
1. Tom’s brother said he has a good time travelling to Beijing.
2. I’m thinking of I should finish my high school diploma.
3. I hate when you whistle.
4. The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.
典例
( )1. The young man asked _____ it's summer or winter.
A. if B. that C. weather D. whether
( )2. We don't know ______ they did it .
A. how B. who C. what D. which
( )3. The teacher asks us ____ Jim can come back on time tomorrow .
A. that B. if C. when D. what time
( )4. Does anybody know ______ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not .
A. if B. where C. whether D. that
D
A
B
C
典例
( )5. Could you show me ________
A. how can I get to the station
B. where is the station
C. how I could get to the station
D. how I can reach the station
( )6. Please tell me _______.
A. what does he like B. what he does like
C. what he likes D. what he like
( )7. My sister told him ________ .
A. what day was it B. when the train arrived
C. who she was waiting D. where did you live
C
B
D
典例
( )8. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _______ .
A. who is he B. who he is
C. who is it D. who it is
( )9. Could you tell me how long __________
A. you have bought the watch
B. you have kept this science book
C. have you been away from China
D. have you been a member of Greener China
( )10. He says that if it _______ tomorrow , he _______ fishing .
A. will rain , won't go B. rained , wasn't go
C. rains , won't go D. rain , will go
B
C
D