第二部分 专题二 第1讲
A
(2023·河南省安阳市高三一模)
Need to take a screenshot (截屏) on your Windows PC 1 , there are several quick and easy ways to take screenshots in Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows 8．This article will teach you how to use keyboard shortcuts and the built-in Snipping Tool app to screen capture (捕获) any area of your Windows desktop．
1． 2 ．Before you can take a screenshot, make sure that the screen which you want to screenshot is up with no distractions (e．g．open windows or programs)．
2．Find the “Print Screen” key on your keyboard．The Print Screen key is most often found in the upper-right side of the main keyboard, and it usually has “SysReq” (“System Requirements”) written below it． 3 ．
3．Press the Win key and the Print Screen key at the same time．Doing so will take a screenshot of the current screen; in most cases, you'll see the screen dim (变暗) briefly．Your screen won't dim if your computer has certain display settings disabled．This is most common on old computers which you upgraded to Windows 10． 4 , try pressing Ctrl＋Win＋Print Screen or Fn＋Win＋Print Screen．
4．Find the screenshot．You'll find the screenshot inside of the “Screenshots” folder (文件夹), which is inside of your computer's “Pictures” folder． 5 ．For example, the first screenshot you take will be marked “Screenshot(1)”， etc．
A．Go to the screen that you want to screenshot
B．If your screenshot doesn't appear when you look for it
C．This perfect program can be fixed in all Windows computers
D．Whether you want to make a full screenshot or just one window or area
E．The Print Screen key will usually be printed as “PrtSc” or something similar
F．The recommended way for screenshots is PNG, due to the high quality and small file size
G．Each screenshot that you take will be marked “Screenshot (number)” to correspond with the order in which the screenshot was taken
B
(2023·江苏省决胜新高考考前模拟)
How to save money when booking a summer holiday
Recent headlines have not been kind to those of us who like a bargain getaway．With the price of hotels, self-catering and package holidays all rising, there's been a barrage of bad news． 1 But these straitened times also give you an opportunity to sharpen your holiday booking skills．
Where should you begin
If you want to spend less this summer, it's all about being flexible, having an open mind and double checking all your costs． 2 The three points are: transport, accommodation and daily costs．Nail all three, and you're on track to stay within your budget．
What dates should you avoid
Beginning your holiday on a weekend can cost you more, with Saturday being the most expensive day for starting a trip．Instead, choose to depart midweek to save a few pounds． 3 However, going away in the last week of August can offer much better value, thanks in part to schoolchildren in many countries having already returned to school．
4
If you have your heart set on a specific hotel in a specific resort and you're happy with the price you're being offered and have the means to book it, get it booked．Last-minute package deals can still pop up if agents are looking to fill spots, but you'll have a lot less choice and there is always the chance that you won't find anything that works out and you'll end up stuck at home．
How can you protect yourself from problems down the line
Take out cover on the day you book to ensure that you're protected if your trip is canceled, or if you're unable to travel． 5 So you can be confident it's the right choice for your individual needs．
A．When is the best time to book
B．Check “the triangle of cheap travel”．
C．How do you make sure that you get the best price
D．And always take the time to check your policy carefully．
E．A final option is to simply let your budget do the choosing．
F．The beginning of the school holidays is always more expensive．
G．It puts a damper on our summer holiday plans even before you start looking．
C
(2023·贵州省毕节市高三一模)
Simple Steps to Help You Cope With Anxiety
Anxiety involves feelings of worry, fear, and depress．Anxiety is typically experienced on cognitive, emotional, and physical levels．When feeling anxious a person may have negative or disturbing thoughts． 1 ．
Stop and breathe
When anxiety appears, practice this simple breathing technique: Begin by getting into a comfortable seated position．Close your eyes and breathe slowly through your nose．Follow this inhalation(吸入)with a deep exhalation． 2 , in and out of your nose．Allow your breath to be a guide to the present．
Figure out what's bothering you
In order to get to the root of your anxiety, you need to figure out what's bothering you．Writing in a journal can be a great way to get in touch with your sources of anxiety．If anxious feelings seem to be keeping you up at night, try keeping a journal or notepad next to your bed． 3 ．
4
Replace your fears by changing your attitude about them．For example, stop fearing to lose your job and instead focus on how grateful you are to have a job．Come to work determined to do your best．Instead of fearing your loved one's safety, spend time with them, or express your appreciation of them．
Focus on something less anxiety-provoking
At times, it may be most helpful to simply redirect yourself to focus on something other than your anxiety．Do some chores or organizing around the house． 5 , such as drawing, painting, or writing．Go for a walk or engage in some other form of physical exercise．
A．Read some jokes
B．Take part in a creative activity
C．Focus on what you can change
D．Continue to breathe deeply and fully
E．Write down all of the things that are bothering you
F．Therefore, there are some useful steps you can take to be happy
G．Fortunately, there are some simple steps you can take to manage your anxiety
D
(2023·吉林省延边州高三二模)
As winter arrives, people often complain that it feels like the longest season, and for many, it's the fact that they feel trapped indoors and down that contributes to it． 1 Here are a few tips you can use．
Increase your social activities
2 ．You can invite friends to your house, meet up with them at a favourite restaurant or do an activity together．All in all, increase your social activities is a great way．
Ride roller skating indoors
Winter is also a great excuse to check out the many exciting indoors sports．There are typical and traditional sports． 3 ．If you want to step outside your comfort zone, you can give roller skating a try．Roller skating acts as a fantastic lower body exercise, since you can burn a fair number of calories in just a half-hour skate．
4
While it may be cold outdoors, fresh air is important to your mental and physical health．When the sun is shining, you can go outdoors to take advantage and get vitamin D, as it's not always so easy to come by in winter．Even if you just go for a 15-minute walk, it still helps．
Get enough sleep
5 ．Making sure you get at least seven hours of sleep each night means you'll wake up feeling refreshed, energized and ready to take on the day．
All these tips will help you get through the long and cold winter, improving your physical and mental health．
A．Go hiking every day
B．Ensure your outdoor time
C．How to improve your mood
D．How can you get enough sleep
E．However, they may not attract you
F．Make efforts to be with others to avoid feeling down
G．The amount of sleep has a huge impact on your health
第二部分 专题二 第1讲
A
(2023·河南省安阳市高三一模)
Need to take a screenshot (截屏) on your Windows PC 1 , there are several quick and easy ways to take screenshots in Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows 8．This article will teach you how to use keyboard shortcuts and the built-in Snipping Tool app to screen capture (捕获) any area of your Windows desktop．
1． 2 ．Before you can take a screenshot, make sure that the screen which you want to screenshot is up with no distractions (e．g．open windows or programs)．
2．Find the “Print Screen” key on your keyboard．The Print Screen key is most often found in the upper-right side of the main keyboard, and it usually has “SysReq” (“System Requirements”) written below it． 3 ．
3．Press the Win key and the Print Screen key at the same time．Doing so will take a screenshot of the current screen; in most cases, you'll see the screen dim (变暗) briefly．Your screen won't dim if your computer has certain display settings disabled．This is most common on old computers which you upgraded to Windows 10． 4 , try pressing Ctrl＋Win＋Print Screen or Fn＋Win＋Print Screen．
4．Find the screenshot．You'll find the screenshot inside of the “Screenshots” folder (文件夹), which is inside of your computer's “Pictures” folder． 5 ．For example, the first screenshot you take will be marked “Screenshot(1)”， etc．
A．Go to the screen that you want to screenshot
B．If your screenshot doesn't appear when you look for it
C．This perfect program can be fixed in all Windows computers
D．Whether you want to make a full screenshot or just one window or area
E．The Print Screen key will usually be printed as “PrtSc” or something similar
F．The recommended way for screenshots is PNG, due to the high quality and small file size
G．Each screenshot that you take will be marked “Screenshot (number)” to correspond with the order in which the screenshot was taken
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是如何使用键盘快捷键和内置的剪贴工具应用程序来屏幕捕捉Windows桌面的任何区域。
1．D 段中题。根据上文“Need to take a screenshot (截屏) on your Windows PC？(需要在Windows电脑上截屏吗？)”和下文“there are several quick and easy ways to take screenshots in Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows 8(在Windows 10、Windows 11和Windows 8中，有几种快速简单的截图方法)”并结合常识可知，在电脑上截屏可以是截全屏和截部分区域，无论哪种，都是有办法的，D选项“Whether you want to make a full screenshot or just one window or area(无论您是想要完整的截图，还是只是一个窗口或区域)”说明了无论是截全屏还是截部分区域，都有很多方法，因此D选项承上启下，符合语境。故选D。
2．A 段首题。下文“Before you can take a screenshot, make sure that the screen which you want to screenshot is up with no distractions (e．g．open windows or programs)．(在你可以截屏之前，确保你要截屏的屏幕没有干扰(例如打开的窗口或程序)。)”说明要截屏，先到要截屏的页面，A选项“Go to the screen that you want to screenshot(进入要截屏的屏幕)”说明了要先到要截屏的那一页。故选A。
3．E 段尾题。根据上文“The Print Screen key is most often found in the upper-right side of the main keyboard, and it usually has ‘SysReq’(‘System Requirements’) written below it．(打印屏幕键通常在主键盘的右上角，它通常有‘SysReq’(‘系统要求’)写在它下面。)”可知，空处应该说Print Screen键在键盘上是什么样的，E选项“The Print Screen key will usually be printed as ‘PrtSc’or something similar(打印屏幕键通常印为‘PrtSc’或类似的东西)”说明了Print Screen键的键盘上的样子，因此E选项承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
4．B 段中题。下文“try pressing Ctrl＋Win＋Print Screen or Fn＋Win＋Print Screen(尝试按Ctrl＋Win＋Print Screen或Fn＋Win＋Print Screen)”是祈使句，空格处应该说如果出现某种状况，B选项“If your screenshot doesn't appear when you look for it(当你寻找你的截图它没有出现时)”与下文衔接自然。故选B。
5．G 段中题。根据上文“You'll find the screenshot inside of the ‘Screenshots’folder (文件夹), which is inside of your computer's ‘Pictures’folder．(你会在‘截图’文件夹中找到截图，该文件夹位于你电脑的‘图片’文件夹中。)”与下文“For example, the first screenshot you take will be marked ‘Screenshot(1)’， etc．(例如，您截取的第一张截图将被标记为‘截图(1)’等。)”可知，空处应该说截取的图片会用什么办法标记，G选项“Each screenshot that you take will be marked ‘Screenshot (number)’to correspond with the order in which the screenshot was taken(您所截取的每张截图都将被标记为‘截图(编号)’，以对应截图的顺序)”说明了截图被标记的方法，承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
B
(2023·江苏省决胜新高考考前模拟)
How to save money when booking a summer holiday
Recent headlines have not been kind to those of us who like a bargain getaway．With the price of hotels, self-catering and package holidays all rising, there's been a barrage of bad news． 1 But these straitened times also give you an opportunity to sharpen your holiday booking skills．
Where should you begin
If you want to spend less this summer, it's all about being flexible, having an open mind and double checking all your costs． 2 The three points are: transport, accommodation and daily costs．Nail all three, and you're on track to stay within your budget．
What dates should you avoid
Beginning your holiday on a weekend can cost you more, with Saturday being the most expensive day for starting a trip．Instead, choose to depart midweek to save a few pounds． 3 However, going away in the last week of August can offer much better value, thanks in part to schoolchildren in many countries having already returned to school．
4
If you have your heart set on a specific hotel in a specific resort and you're happy with the price you're being offered and have the means to book it, get it booked．Last-minute package deals can still pop up if agents are looking to fill spots, but you'll have a lot less choice and there is always the chance that you won't find anything that works out and you'll end up stuck at home．
How can you protect yourself from problems down the line
Take out cover on the day you book to ensure that you're protected if your trip is canceled, or if you're unable to travel． 5 So you can be confident it's the right choice for your individual needs．
A．When is the best time to book
B．Check “the triangle of cheap travel”．
C．How do you make sure that you get the best price
D．And always take the time to check your policy carefully．
E．A final option is to simply let your budget do the choosing．
F．The beginning of the school holidays is always more expensive．
G．It puts a damper on our summer holiday plans even before you start looking．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了暑假旅游省钱的办法。
1．G 段中题。根据上文“With the price of hotels, self-catering and package holidays all rising, there's been a barrage of bad news．(随着酒店、自助餐饮和包价旅游价格的不断上涨，坏消息接踵而至。)”和后文“But these straitened times also give you an opportunity to sharpen your holiday booking skills．(但经济不景气也给了你一个磨炼假期预订技巧的机会。)”可知，空处应陈述经济不景气给制定旅行计划带来的后果——还没开始，就泡汤了。G项“你还没开始找，我们的暑假计划就泡汤了。”符合语境。故选G。
2．B 段中题。根据后文“The three points are: transport, accommodation and daily costs．(这三点是：交通、住宿和日常费用。)”可知，空处提到了有三个方面可以减少旅行开支。B项“查看‘廉价旅游三角地带’。”与下文呼应。故选B。
3．F 段中题。根据下文“However, going away in the last week of August can offer much better value, thanks in part to schoolchildren in many countries having already returned to school．(然而，在8月的最后一周出游会带来更好的价值，部分原因是许多国家的学生已经返校了。)”可知，前后两句是转折关系，空处应说在某个时间旅游昂贵的情况，F项“学校假期的开始总是比较昂贵。”符合语境。故选F。
4．A 小标题。根据下文“If you have your heart set on a specific hotel in a specific resort and you're happy with the price you're being offered and have the means to book it, get it booked．(如果你对某个度假胜地的某家酒店很感兴趣，你对酒店的价格很满意，而且你有能力预订，那就预订吧。)”可知，有了心动的价格和资金，就预定下来，A项“预定的最佳时间是什么时候？”符合语境。故选A。
5．D 段中题。根据下文“So you can be confident it's the right choice for your individual needs．(这样您可以确信这是适合您个人需求的正确选择。)”可知，要仔细查看保单，以确保符合自己的需求，D项“一定要花时间仔细检查你的保单。”符合语境。故选D。
C
(2023·贵州省毕节市高三一模)
Simple Steps to Help You Cope With Anxiety
Anxiety involves feelings of worry, fear, and depress．Anxiety is typically experienced on cognitive, emotional, and physical levels．When feeling anxious a person may have negative or disturbing thoughts． 1 ．
Stop and breathe
When anxiety appears, practice this simple breathing technique: Begin by getting into a comfortable seated position．Close your eyes and breathe slowly through your nose．Follow this inhalation(吸入)with a deep exhalation． 2 , in and out of your nose．Allow your breath to be a guide to the present．
Figure out what's bothering you
In order to get to the root of your anxiety, you need to figure out what's bothering you．Writing in a journal can be a great way to get in touch with your sources of anxiety．If anxious feelings seem to be keeping you up at night, try keeping a journal or notepad next to your bed． 3 ．
4
Replace your fears by changing your attitude about them．For example, stop fearing to lose your job and instead focus on how grateful you are to have a job．Come to work determined to do your best．Instead of fearing your loved one's safety, spend time with them, or express your appreciation of them．
Focus on something less anxiety-provoking
At times, it may be most helpful to simply redirect yourself to focus on something other than your anxiety．Do some chores or organizing around the house． 5 , such as drawing, painting, or writing．Go for a walk or engage in some other form of physical exercise．
A．Read some jokes
B．Take part in a creative activity
C．Focus on what you can change
D．Continue to breathe deeply and fully
E．Write down all of the things that are bothering you
F．Therefore, there are some useful steps you can take to be happy
G．Fortunately, there are some simple steps you can take to manage your anxiety
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何应对焦虑提出了四条建议。
1．G 段尾题。根据上文“Anxiety involves feelings of worry, fear, and depress．Anxiety is typically experienced on cognitive, emotional, and physical levels．When feeling anxious a person may have negative or disturbing thoughts．(焦虑包括担心、恐惧和沮丧的感觉。焦虑通常表现在认知、情绪和身体层面。当感到焦虑时，一个人可能会有消极或令人不安的想法。)”可知，此处讲焦虑的表现以及影响，根据后文的四条建议可知空处是有一些建议可以帮我们应对焦虑，G项“Fortunately, there are some simple steps you can take to manage your anxiety(幸运的是，你可以采取一些简单的措施来应对你的焦虑)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选G。
2．D 段中题。根据本段小标题“Stop and breathe(停下来，深呼吸)”以及空前“When anxiety appears, practice this simple breathing technique: Begin by getting into a comfortable seated position．Close your eyes and breathe slowly through your nose．Follow this inhalation(吸入)with a deep exhalation．(当焦虑出现时，练习这个简单的呼吸技巧：从一个舒适的坐姿开始。闭上眼睛，用鼻子慢慢呼吸。然后深呼吸。)”可知，此处是当焦虑出现时应该怎样呼吸，根据空后“in and out of your nose．Allow your breath to be a guide to the present．(从鼻子里呼出来。让你的呼吸成为当下的向导。)”可知，这个简单的呼吸是如何进行的，空处承上启下，依据空后的逗号，所以空处也是应该怎样呼吸，D项“Continue to breathe deeply and fully(继续深呼吸)”承接上文继续讲呼吸的技巧，符合上下文语境。故选D。
3．E 段尾题。根据本段小标题“Figure out what's bothering you(弄清楚是什么在困扰你)”以及空前“If anxious feelings seem to be keeping you up at night, try keeping a journal or notepad next to your bed．(如果焦虑的感觉让你晚上无法入睡，试着在床边放一本日记或记事本。)”可知，如果感到焦虑，我们应该通过记日记的方式搞清楚原因，空处位于段末，应对前文内容进行总结，E项“Write down all of the things that are bothering you(写下所有困扰你的事情)”点明要写下所有困扰自己的事情。故选E。
4．C 小标题。根据下文“Replace your fears by changing your attitude about them．For example, stop fearing to lose your job and instead focus on how grateful you are to have a job．Come to work determined to do your best．Instead of fearing your loved one's safety, spend time with them, or express your appreciation of them．(通过改变你对恐惧的态度来取代恐惧。例如，不要再担心失去工作，而是专注于你对拥有一份工作的感激之情。来工作的时候一定要做到最好。与其担心你所爱的人的安全，不如花时间和他们在一起，或者表达你对他们的感激之情。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要改变对恐惧的态度，即要专注于自己所有的东西而不是担心失去某些东西，C项“Focus on what you can change(专注于你能改变的)”指出了对于所担心的事情应该怎么做，概括本段内容。故选C。
5．B 段中题。根据本段小标题“Focus on something less anxiety-provoking(专注于一些不那么令人焦虑的事情)”以及空前“Do some chores or organizing around the house．(做一些家务或整理房子。)”可知，要从事一些不那么令人焦虑的活动来应对焦虑，空后“such as drawing, painting, or writing．Go for a walk or engage in some other form of physical exercise．”列举了一些有创意的活动，所以空处应该是要参加一些积极的有创意的活动，B项“Take part in a creative activity(参加一项有创意的活动)”承接上文，引出下文。故选B。
D
(2023·吉林省延边州高三二模)
As winter arrives, people often complain that it feels like the longest season, and for many, it's the fact that they feel trapped indoors and down that contributes to it． 1 Here are a few tips you can use．
Increase your social activities
2 ．You can invite friends to your house, meet up with them at a favourite restaurant or do an activity together．All in all, increase your social activities is a great way．
Ride roller skating indoors
Winter is also a great excuse to check out the many exciting indoors sports．There are typical and traditional sports． 3 ．If you want to step outside your comfort zone, you can give roller skating a try．Roller skating acts as a fantastic lower body exercise, since you can burn a fair number of calories in just a half-hour skate．
4
While it may be cold outdoors, fresh air is important to your mental and physical health．When the sun is shining, you can go outdoors to take advantage and get vitamin D, as it's not always so easy to come by in winter．Even if you just go for a 15-minute walk, it still helps．
Get enough sleep
5 ．Making sure you get at least seven hours of sleep each night means you'll wake up feeling refreshed, energized and ready to take on the day．
All these tips will help you get through the long and cold winter, improving your physical and mental health．
A．Go hiking every day
B．Ensure your outdoor time
C．How to improve your mood
D．How can you get enough sleep
E．However, they may not attract you
F．Make efforts to be with others to avoid feeling down
G．The amount of sleep has a huge impact on your health
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述在冬天改善情绪的一些方法。
1．C 段中题。上文“As winter arrives, people often complain that it feels like the longest season, and for many, it's the fact that they feel trapped indoors and down that contributes to it．(随着冬天的到来，人们经常抱怨这感觉是最长的一个季节，对许多人来说，这是因为他们感觉被困在室内，情绪低落。)”提到很多人在冬天情绪低落，下文“Here are a few tips you can use．(这里有一些你可以使用的技巧。)”提到有一些技巧可以改善情绪，C项“如何改善心情？”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
2．F 段首题。根据小标题“Increase your social activities(增加社交活动)”及下文“You can invite friends to your house, meet up with them at a favourite restaurant or do an activity together．(你可以邀请朋友到你家，和他们在最喜欢的餐厅见面或者一起做活动。)”可知，本段主要建议增加社交活动，多和别人相处，F项“努力与他人相处，避免情绪低落”符合语境。故选F。
3．E 段中题。上文“Winter is also a great excuse to check out the many exciting indoors sports．There are typical and traditional sports．(冬天也是一个很好的理由去尝试许多令人兴奋的室内运动。有典型的和传统的运动。)”提到有很多令人兴奋的室内运动，下文“If you want to step outside your comfort zone, you can give roller skating a try．(如果你想走出舒适区，你可以试试轮滑。)”建议尝试室内轮滑，空处应是对上文提及的室内运动不感兴趣，E项“然而，它们可能无法吸引你”符合语境，引出下文对轮滑的介绍。故选E。
4．B 小标题。根据本段“While it may be cold outdoors, fresh air is important to your mental and physical health．When the sun is shining, you can go outdoors to take advantage and get vitamin D, as it's not always so easy to come by in winter．Even if you just go for a 15-minute walk, it still helps．(虽然户外可能很冷，但新鲜空气对你的身心健康很重要。当阳光明媚的时候，你可以到户外去获取维生素D，因为冬天不太容易获得维生素D。即使你只是走15分钟，也会有帮助。)”可知，本段是说保证户外时间对保持健康非常重要，B项“保证户外时间”符合语境。故选B。
5．G 段首题。根据下文“Making sure you get at least seven hours of sleep each night means you'll wake up feeling refreshed, energized and ready to take on the day．(保证每晚至少有7小时的睡眠，这意味着你醒来时会神清气爽，精力充沛，准备好迎接新的一天。)”可知，充足的睡眠会让人精力充沛，由此可知，睡眠时间对健康很重要。G项“睡眠时间对你的健康有很大的影响”符合语境。故选G。(共30张PPT)
第二部分
阅读能力突破篇
专题二 阅读七选五
第1讲 根据设题位置解题
高频考点·研析透
考点1 段首题类
辨
明
题
类
段首题类主要考查两种情况：1．考查段落主旨句。2．考查与上下文的逻辑关系，为过渡句或承上启下句。此种类型主要考查考生对语篇或段落大意的整体概括能力。
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法
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1．主旨句
在文章某段落的段首设空的题目常为该段落的主题句或主旨概括句，通常以主题句的形式出现。选取时注意主题句的特点：简短精悍，以祈使句为主。
解题时首先要认真阅读并把握该段落的主要内容，尤其是设空处后面几句的内容，以确定关键信息，然后从各选项中查找与文中关键信息相关的词句，以确定答案。一般来说，答案选项与设空处后面的一句在内容上是连贯的，意义上是紧密衔接符合逻辑的。
真
题
体
验
(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
· 39 Seeking and accepting constructive feedback(反馈) is crucial to growth．I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people．They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability．
B．Make career plans and set goals．
C．Don't throw away your beginner art．
D．Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so．
【解题示范】 段首题。根据后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth．I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people．They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability．(寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是分享自己的作品，所以选项“Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so．(如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品。)”符合文意，是本段的主旨句。故选D。
技
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2．承上启下句
段首题类有时与上一段尾句关系紧密，同时引出下文，起到承上启下的作用。此时解题既要熟悉上一段的内容，又需要结合下文内容。所以此时必须要做到瞻前顾后，利用上一段尾句和空后第一、二句确定相关信息词，在选项中查找与之相关的内容，并把握上下文行文逻辑，分析哪个选项能够将前后两段内容连贯起来。
真
题
体
验
(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)
Emoji can help communication feel friendlier，and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile．
40 , and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome．And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you'll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture．
C．Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange．
E．Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F．Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
【解题示范】 段首题。根据上段中“Emoji can help communication feel friendlier(表情符号有助于使交流让人觉得更友好)”和后句“and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome(并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表达友好的表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。所以选项“Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace(研究表明，更友好的沟通会带来更快乐的工作场所)”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
考点2 段中题类
辨
明
题
类
段中题类一般为主题句的展开句。一篇文章的各段、句之间形成一定的语义逻辑关系，有顺承、并列、递进、转折、对比、解释、例证、因果关系等。此种类型要注意分析前后内容的连贯性和逻辑性，注意句子之间的衔接手法。具体解题技巧将在第3讲中详细展开。
段中题类的考查主要有三种情况：1．承接上文；2．引起下文；3．承上启下。
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1．先看空前句，再看空后句，标记关键信息词；
2．阅读各个选项，标记关键词；
3．利用词语复现(同源词、同义、近义或反义词复现)比较匹配关键词，确定答案；
4．利用表示顺承、并列、递进、转折、对比、解释、例证、因果关系的关联词分析前后内容的连贯性和逻辑性，确定答案。
真
题
体
验
(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect． 38 Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper．Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway．
E．Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time．
F．Many beginning writers don't leave enough space to revise．
G．Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space．
【解题示范】 段中题。空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect．(下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper．(然而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，选项“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time．(太多的作者试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此该选项承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
考点3 段尾题类
辨
明
题
类
段尾句通常是结论性、概括性语句，但也有可能是段落间的过渡句。一般而言，当段尾句是段落间的过渡句时，该段尾句通常出现在短文的第一段。
如果缺的是结论性、概括性的语句，考生应快速浏览七个备选项，注意选项中是否出现表示结果、结论、总结等的信息词，如so，therefore，as a result，in short，in a word，all in all等词或短语，快速缩小选择范围，再根据段落主题一致性原则，从而确定正确选项。假如所缺的是段落间的过渡句，首先可以关注表示逻辑关系的衔接词，再结合词汇复现等原则进行答案的选择。
技
法
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拨
1．利用主题句或总结句确定答案
主题句或总结句通常是结论性、概括性的语句。分析与前文是转折还是对比关系，在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系，表示结果、结论、总结等的信息词有：therefore，as a result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word等，选项中也可能发现前文的同义词或句。
真
题
体
验
(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
·Paint often and paint from life．There's no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles．Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible． 37
E．You'll hit roadblocks, and you'll feel discouraged at times．
F．Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role．
G．You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition．
【解题示范】 段尾题。根据前文“Paint often and paint from life．There's no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles．Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible．(经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。无论你是绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制。)”可知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，所以选项“You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition．(你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆。)”是对前文的总结。故选G。
2．利用段落过渡句确定答案
段落过渡句有可能是考查承上启下的过渡句。会用一些信息词(如转折词)引出来，正确答案中应有这样的信息词。若所选答案是引出下一段的内容，在选项中可能找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否能与选项的内容紧密连接起来。
技
法
点
拨
真
题
体
验
(2021·浙江高考)
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum．Or Africa's Victoria Falls．Or China's Great Wall． 31
“I often send postcards to family and friends．” he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it…(And that's totally fine．)” Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online．Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo's hunch (直觉) paid off．
E．On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million．
F．Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away．
G．In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away．
【解题示范】 段尾题。上文“Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum．Or Africa's Victoria Falls．Or China's Great Wall．( 34岁的葡萄牙电脑工程师Paulo Magalhaes喜欢打开他的邮箱，然后发现一个色彩鲜艳的罗马斗牛场图片。或者非洲的维多利亚瀑布。或者是中国的长城。)”介绍了Paulo喜欢明信片的个人爱好。下文“…and you realize that not everyone is into it”说明他身边缺少与他志趣相投的人。选项 “In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away．(简而言之，他喜欢明信片，也喜欢收到远方某人手写的便条时的那种兴奋。)”起到承上启下的作用，总结了上文Paulo喜欢明信片，也引出下文关于他的喜好得不到回应的问题。故选G。
3．利用补充信息句确定答案
段尾题类还有可能是对前文内容进行补充说明，这时要选择补充性的语句。
技
法
点
拨
(2021·全国乙卷)
What about that person who had too much to drink or won't stop talking If you can't take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox(讲台)．If you're the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation． 39 ．
C．If you ask the question “How did you get here？”
D．Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E．Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
真
题
体
验
【解题示范】 段尾题。根据上文“If you can't take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台)．If you're the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation．(如果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什么，只是为了让他们摆脱那种情景。)”可知，本段主要是为解决“喝太多酒或一直说个不停”这个问题提供方法。由此可知，选项“Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say(或者把谈话变成他们没什么可说的话题)”是提出的另一个解决办法，承接上文，符合题意。故选E。
七选五通常是“总—分(—总)”结构，偶尔是“总—分—分”结构，把握住这个“总—分(—总)”的整体结构和段际关系，对于标题类设空的解答大有帮助。小标题题目较为明显，多为名词性短语或祈使句，题目较为简单，学生可优先做该题。
考点4 小标题类
辨
明
题
类
一般而言，小标题比较精简，常以短语或简短的句子来呈现。考生可以根据这一特征快速浏览七个备选项，并有效缩小选择范围。小标题往往是该段的中心思想，因此，考生应认真阅读该段内容，了解段落大意，把握段落主题，根据段落主题一致性原则，排除过于宽泛、以偏概全、偏离主题的干扰项，从而最终确定正确选项。
技
法
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拨
(2023·全国甲卷)
● 39
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances．You should learn to say to yourself, “ 40 ．” You'll then gradually become more patient．
B．Start with small tasks
C．Accept the uncomfortable
D．All this adds up to a state of hurry
真
题
体
验
【解题示范】 小标题。根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances．(我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心。)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，其中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故选C。第二部分 专题二 第2讲
A
(2023·甘肃省武威市凉州区高三四模)
Leave a book in a public place, so that someone else can pick it up and read it, then leave it again for another person．In an ideal situation, the book, once brought into the bookcrossing movement, can travel for years． 1
One can always go through bookshelves and find a few books that do not quite belong there anymore． 2 Quite the opposite, bookcrossing is about giving books which you no longer like a new life．Someone will certainly like the books you did not enjoy．
After choosing the book you want to share with others, use its ISBN code or a title and register it at the official bookcrossing site． 3 Either print a label or write the rules of bookcrossing on the first page of the book．Include the unique code．
4 In big cities, there may be special bookcrossing zones that cafes and libraries choose to open．However, it is a frequent practice to leave books “in the wild”： on a bench in a park, or in a tourist spot．It is a good idea to pack the book in a transparent plastic bag, in case of the bad weather．
Once the book has been found and registered, you will get e-mails．You will keep getting them every time someone finds your book in the future．Since its launch in 2003, the movement has gathered over a million members who have sent almost eleven million books out to travel． 5 A very noble goal, indeed!
A．Leave the book somewhere in public．
B．Attract the attention of potential readers．
C．Its purpose is to connect people through books．
D．You will get a unique code for the book from the site．
E．Are some authors fond of sending their own books around
F．Must you contribute your favourite books to bookcrossing
G．And it changes owners around the world and spreads love for reading．
B
(2023·安徽省合肥市高三一模)
When your child begins to beg for a pet, you may draw back at the thought of the additional responsibilities．Parents usually think of all the work and responsibility having a pet could bring about． 1
●Teach responsibility．
A family pet can help show children the importance of proper care in keeping their new friend happy and healthy． 2 Give your child a sense of responsibility by having them help meet these needs, whether they feel like it that day or not．
●Encourage exercise．
If you've ever been forced to keep up with a young dog or cat, you know how tiring it can be! 3 By encouraging your child to play with his or her pet, both of them will get the exercise they need to sleep soundly and live healthy and happy lives．
4
Teaching your child how to “play nice” with and show affection to another living being is an essential first step toward developing lifelong empathy (共情) for others．Learning how to be a good friend with a pet will teach one how to be more open and friendly to other people as well．
●Be practical．
While the benefits of pet ownership are clear, pets are definitely not for everybody．Raising pets requires a large amount of work and responsibility．You'd better make sure the whole family is aware of the requirement that come along with the pet． 5 It's best to introduce the potential pet to your child before bringing him or her home to ensure that there is a healthy connection．
A．Treat others well．
B．Form a close bond with a friend．
C．Pets are great for helping “break the ice”．
D．But you can use the pet's energy to your advantage．
E．Also, some pets can be very aggressive with children．
F．All pets need to be fed, given fresh water, and exercised regularly．
G．However, allowing kids to keep a pet can teach you both some important lessons．
C
(2023·安徽省安庆市高考二模)
Family meals are important and connect family members． 1 There is no need to worry about going to school, work and more．
Studies have shown family mealtime increases positive social skills, school engagement and decreases the frequency of negative behaviors． 2 Trying new food or not restricting on food is encouraged．Children who engage in family mealtime are less likely to have eating disorders．In addition, those who share frequent family meals are more likely to eat a larger number of fruits and vegetables and be less picky about food．
3 For example, we need to consider the budget, the time for meal preparation, the availability of recommended foods or supplements(补充物品)at a typical grocery store． 4 Members may have various cultural or dietary preferences．In view of this, we should make sure that the eating plan offered nutritional value for different calorie and nutritional needs—for people of different ages, different activity levels and health conditions．
Healthy eating should be a family affair, and some recommended diets will help you reach that goal by highlighting eating plans that are safe, flexible and nutritious for everyone at the table．In addition, the foods in the diets can be purchased fresh, canned or frozen． 5
A．They prefer junk food like hamburgers, fried chicken．
B．A team of health experts think family meals are difficult．
C．They can get people to relax and make their relationship closer．
D．It also offers an opportunity to set healthy eating habits for kids．
E．Thus, it is convenient and easy for families to have family meals．
F．We also considered how adaptable this diet would be for a whole family．
G．We should have a balanced diet and pay attention to what we have every day．
D
(2023·黑龙江省大庆市高三一模)
Five Tasks for Your Winter Garden
As autumn has come, winter is on the way．When it finally arrives, it can be cold outside．However, even a blanket of snow doesn't stop a keen gardener． 1 ．Read on to find out some main tasks for winter．
Build New Beds
If you live in a more temperate area, you can start making new beds for your vegetable garden now．Raised beds are easy and relatively inexpensive if you have plenty of homemade fertilizers． 2 , you can usually pick it up quite cheap from the city landfill．
Tend to Apples and Pears
Winter is fit to prune(修剪) apple and pear trees．You can remove the damaged and diseased branches when the trees were dormant(休眠)． 3 ．
4
Frost covering can be put over cold hard vegetables before the temperature drops too far to help keep those plants happy in winter．Frost covering can be helpful for Brussels Sprouts, kale, winter cabbage and leeks if you live in milder climates．
Take Hardwood Cuttings(插条)
5 ．Some plants in the garden which do well with hardwood cuttings include elderberry and currants．Roses, buddleia (butterfly bush) and other shrubs also propagate by these types of cuttings．
A．Cover Crops
B．If you don't have anything to make fertilizers
C．Here are plenty of jobs you can do in the garden
D．Many bare root trees can also be planted in winter
E．Even if homemade fertilizers will be bad as it is too cold
F．Plenty of leaves help keep some hardy plants from freezing
G．Winter is a great time to multiply plants by hardwood cuttings
第二部分 专题二 第2讲
A
(2023·甘肃省武威市凉州区高三四模)
Leave a book in a public place, so that someone else can pick it up and read it, then leave it again for another person．In an ideal situation, the book, once brought into the bookcrossing movement, can travel for years． 1
One can always go through bookshelves and find a few books that do not quite belong there anymore． 2 Quite the opposite, bookcrossing is about giving books which you no longer like a new life．Someone will certainly like the books you did not enjoy．
After choosing the book you want to share with others, use its ISBN code or a title and register it at the official bookcrossing site． 3 Either print a label or write the rules of bookcrossing on the first page of the book．Include the unique code．
4 In big cities, there may be special bookcrossing zones that cafes and libraries choose to open．However, it is a frequent practice to leave books “in the wild”： on a bench in a park, or in a tourist spot．It is a good idea to pack the book in a transparent plastic bag, in case of the bad weather．
Once the book has been found and registered, you will get e-mails．You will keep getting them every time someone finds your book in the future．Since its launch in 2003, the movement has gathered over a million members who have sent almost eleven million books out to travel． 5 A very noble goal, indeed!
A．Leave the book somewhere in public．
B．Attract the attention of potential readers．
C．Its purpose is to connect people through books．
D．You will get a unique code for the book from the site．
E．Are some authors fond of sending their own books around
F．Must you contribute your favourite books to bookcrossing
G．And it changes owners around the world and spreads love for reading．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了bookcrossing这一运动，介绍了如何让一本书加入bookcrossing，以及它的目的。
1．G 段尾题。根据前文“Leave a book in a public place, so that someone else can pick it up and read it, then leave it again for another person．In an ideal situation, the book, once brought into the bookcrossing movement, can travel for years．(把一本书放在公共场所，这样别人就可以拿起来读，然后再把它留给另一个人。在理想的情况下，书籍一旦被带入bookcrossing运动，就可以旅行数年。)”，空处位于段尾，应是对前文的总结，所以G项“And it changes owners around the world and spreads love for reading．(它在世界各地更换了主人，传播了对阅读的热爱。)”是前文行为的结果，符合文意。故选G。
2．F 段中题。根据前文“One can always go through bookshelves and find a few books that do not quite belong there anymore．(一个人总是可以翻遍书架，找到一些不再属于那里的书。)”以及后文“Quite the opposite, bookcrossing is about giving books which you no longer like a new life．(相反，bookcrossing指的是给你不再喜欢的书一个新的生命。)”可知，空处是个过渡句，根据后文有新概念bookcrossing，而前文没有相关内容，所以应是在空处提出，F项“Must you contribute your favourite books to bookcrossing？(你一定要把你最喜欢的书捐献给bookcrossing吗？)”符合文意，起到过渡作用，其中bookcrossing为原词复现。故选F。
3．D 段中题。根据前文“After choosing the book you want to share with others, use its ISBN code or a title and register it at the official bookcrossing site．(在选择了你想与他人分享的书之后，使用它的ISBN代码或书名，并在官方的bookcrossing网站上注册。)”可知，本段讲述如何让一本书成为与他人分享的书，再根据后文“Either print a label or write the rules of bookcrossing on the first page of the book．Include the unique code．(要么打印一个标签，要么在书的第一页写上bookcrossing的规则。包含唯一代码。)”可知，出现新的概念unique code，所以空处应提出这个概念，D项“You will get a unique code for the book from the site．(你会从网站上得到这本书的唯一代码。)”起到承上启下的作用，其中unique code为原词复现。故选D。
4．A 段首题。根据后文“In big cities, there may be special bookcrossing zones that cafes and libraries choose to open．However, it is a frequent practice to leave books ‘in the wild’： on a bench in a park, or in a tourist spot．It is a good idea to pack the book in a transparent plastic bag, in case of the bad weather．(在大城市里，咖啡馆和图书馆可能会开辟专门的bookcrossing区。然而，把书留在‘野外’是一种常见的做法：在公园的长椅上，或者在旅游景点。把书装在透明的塑料袋里是个好主意，以防天气不好。)”可知，本段主要讲述书籍注册好后，把它放在哪，所以A项“Leave the book somewhere in public．(把书放在公共场所。)”符合本段主题，可作为中心句。故选A。
5．C 段中题。根据前文“Since its launch in 2003，the movement has gathered over a million members who have sent almost eleven million books out to travel．(自2003年发起以来，该运动已经聚集了超过100万名成员，他们已经向世界各地发送了近1 100万本书。)”可知，C项“Its purpose is to connect people through books．(它的目的是通过书籍将人们联系起来。)”是对前文的总结，再根据后文“A very noble goal, indeed！(一个非常崇高的目标，的确！)”是对空处的评论，其中purpose和goal为同义词。故选C。
B
(2023·安徽省合肥市高三一模)
When your child begins to beg for a pet, you may draw back at the thought of the additional responsibilities．Parents usually think of all the work and responsibility having a pet could bring about． 1
●Teach responsibility．
A family pet can help show children the importance of proper care in keeping their new friend happy and healthy． 2 Give your child a sense of responsibility by having them help meet these needs, whether they feel like it that day or not．
●Encourage exercise．
If you've ever been forced to keep up with a young dog or cat, you know how tiring it can be! 3 By encouraging your child to play with his or her pet, both of them will get the exercise they need to sleep soundly and live healthy and happy lives．
4
Teaching your child how to “play nice” with and show affection to another living being is an essential first step toward developing lifelong empathy (共情) for others．Learning how to be a good friend with a pet will teach one how to be more open and friendly to other people as well．
●Be practical．
While the benefits of pet ownership are clear, pets are definitely not for everybody．Raising pets requires a large amount of work and responsibility．You'd better make sure the whole family is aware of the requirement that come along with the pet． 5 It's best to introduce the potential pet to your child before bringing him or her home to ensure that there is a healthy connection．
A．Treat others well．
B．Form a close bond with a friend．
C．Pets are great for helping “break the ice”．
D．But you can use the pet's energy to your advantage．
E．Also, some pets can be very aggressive with children．
F．All pets need to be fed, given fresh water, and exercised regularly．
G．However, allowing kids to keep a pet can teach you both some important lessons．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了养宠物给孩子们带来的益处。
1．G 段尾题。设空句在段末，应是具有承上启下的作用。结合上文“Parents usually think of all the work and responsibility having a pet could bring about．(父母通常会考虑养宠物可能带来的所有工作和责任。)”可知，主题为允许孩子饲养宠物，且下文“Teach responsibility．(教导责任。)”，“Encourage exercise．(鼓励锻炼。)”则讲到了允许孩子饲养宠物的好处，因此，设空句既要包含主题，也要对下文起到引领的作用。选项G“However, allowing kids to keep a pet can teach you both some important lessons．(然而，让孩子们养宠物可以给你们双方上一些重要的课。)”贴合主题，与上文构成转折关系，在句意上也引领了下文。故选G。
2．F 段中题。根据下文“Give your child a sense of responsibility by having them help meet these needs, whether they feel like it that day or not．(让你的孩子帮助满足这些需求，让他们有责任感，无论他们当天是否愿意。)”中的these needs可知，设空句应是提及了宠物们的需求。选项F“All pets need to be fed, given fresh water, and exercised regularly．(所有的宠物都需要喂食、饮用淡水和定期锻炼。)”阐述了具体的需求，且need符合词汇复现原则。故选F。
3．D 段中题。上文“If you've ever been forced to keep up with a young dog or cat, you know how tiring it can be！(如果你曾经被迫跟上一只年幼的狗或猫，你就知道这有多累！)”提及你已经知道饲养宠物的劳累，下文“By encouraging your child to play with his or her pet, both of them will get the exercise they need to sleep soundly and live healthy and happy lives．(通过鼓励你的孩子和他或她的宠物一起玩耍，他们两者都会得到所需的锻炼，从而睡得安稳，过上健康快乐的生活。)”则讲到你可以利用这种劳累和锻炼帮助孩子睡得好，且保持健康和快乐，由此可知，设空句应是转折句。选项D“But you can use the pet's energy to your advantage．(但你可以利用宠物的能量。)”为转折句，advantage呼应sleep sound and live healthy and happy lives。故选D。
4．A 小标题。根据下文“an essential first step toward developing lifelong empathy(共情) for others(这是培养终身对他人的同理心必不可少的第一步)”，“Learning how to be a good friend with a pet will teach one how to be more open and friendly to other people as well．(学习如何与宠物成为好朋友，也会教会一个人如何对他人更加开放和友好。)”可知，该部分主要强调了饲养宠物有助于帮助孩子友好对待他人。故选A。
5．E 段中题。根据该段小标题“Be practical．(实事求是。)”可知，该段强调饲养宠物的客观事实，设空句应涉及事实，且对比上文讲到的好处，应讲到不好的事实。选项E“Also, some pets can be very aggressive with children．(此外，一些宠物对孩子也很有攻击性。)”讲述了宠物有可能具有攻击性这一事实。故选E。
C
(2023·安徽省安庆市高考二模)
Family meals are important and connect family members． 1 There is no need to worry about going to school, work and more．
Studies have shown family mealtime increases positive social skills, school engagement and decreases the frequency of negative behaviors． 2 Trying new food or not restricting on food is encouraged．Children who engage in family mealtime are less likely to have eating disorders．In addition, those who share frequent family meals are more likely to eat a larger number of fruits and vegetables and be less picky about food．
3 For example, we need to consider the budget, the time for meal preparation, the availability of recommended foods or supplements(补充物品)at a typical grocery store． 4 Members may have various cultural or dietary preferences．In view of this, we should make sure that the eating plan offered nutritional value for different calorie and nutritional needs—for people of different ages, different activity levels and health conditions．
Healthy eating should be a family affair, and some recommended diets will help you reach that goal by highlighting eating plans that are safe, flexible and nutritious for everyone at the table．In addition, the foods in the diets can be purchased fresh, canned or frozen． 5
A．They prefer junk food like hamburgers, fried chicken．
B．A team of health experts think family meals are difficult．
C．They can get people to relax and make their relationship closer．
D．It also offers an opportunity to set healthy eating habits for kids．
E．Thus, it is convenient and easy for families to have family meals．
F．We also considered how adaptable this diet would be for a whole family．
G．We should have a balanced diet and pay attention to what we have every day．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了家庭聚餐的意义及家庭聚餐应考虑的问题。
1．C 段中题。前文“Family meals are important and connect family members．(家庭聚餐非常重要，可以把家庭成员联系起来。)”讲述了家庭聚餐的重要性在于可以把家庭成员联系起来。因此空处承接前文，讲述家庭聚餐的意义。选项C的人称代词they指代前文的family meals，符合题意。故选C。
2．D 段中题。前文“Studies have shown family mealtime increases positive social skills, school engagement and decreases the frequency of negative behaviors．(研究表明，家庭聚餐时间可以提高积极的社交技能、学校参与度，并减少消极行为的频率。)”提到了家庭聚餐时间的作用，因而空处承接前文，讲述家庭聚餐时间的其他作用。选项D的it指代前文的family mealtime，承接前文，符合题意。故选D。
3．B 段首题。下文“For example, we need to consider the budget, the time for meal preparation, the availability of recommended foods or supplements(补充物品)at a typical grocery store．(例如，我们需要考虑预算、准备膳食的时间、推荐的食品或补充剂在一个典型的杂货店的可用性。)”通过事例列举出了家庭聚餐时，我们需要考虑的问题，因此作为段落主题句应总说举办家庭聚餐是困难的。选项B“一组健康专家认为家庭聚餐是困难的。”切题。故选B。
4．F 段中题。前文“For example, we need to consider the budget, the time for meal preparation, the availability of recommended foods or supplements(补充物品)at a typical grocery store．(例如，我们需要考虑预算、准备膳食的时间、推荐的食品或补充剂在一个典型的杂货店的可用性。)”列举了在家庭聚餐时，我们需要考虑的问题。因此空处承接前文，讲述我们还应考虑的饮食要满足家人的胃口。选项F“我们还考虑了这种饮食对整个家庭的适应性。”切题。故选F。
5．E 段尾题。前文“In addition, the foods in the diets can be purchased fresh, canned or frozen．(此外，饮食中的食物可以购买新鲜的、罐装的或冷冻的。)”说明准备的食物的来源，所以空处承接前文，讲述这样做可以为家庭聚餐带来方便。选项E“因此，对于家人而言，家庭聚餐这样做是方便和容易的。”切题。故选E。
D
(2023·黑龙江省大庆市高三一模)
Five Tasks for Your Winter Garden
As autumn has come, winter is on the way．When it finally arrives, it can be cold outside．However, even a blanket of snow doesn't stop a keen gardener． 1 ．Read on to find out some main tasks for winter．
Build New Beds
If you live in a more temperate area, you can start making new beds for your vegetable garden now．Raised beds are easy and relatively inexpensive if you have plenty of homemade fertilizers． 2 , you can usually pick it up quite cheap from the city landfill．
Tend to Apples and Pears
Winter is fit to prune(修剪) apple and pear trees．You can remove the damaged and diseased branches when the trees were dormant(休眠)． 3 ．
4
Frost covering can be put over cold hard vegetables before the temperature drops too far to help keep those plants happy in winter．Frost covering can be helpful for Brussels Sprouts, kale, winter cabbage and leeks if you live in milder climates．
Take Hardwood Cuttings(插条)
5 ．Some plants in the garden which do well with hardwood cuttings include elderberry and currants．Roses, buddleia (butterfly bush) and other shrubs also propagate by these types of cuttings．
A．Cover Crops
B．If you don't have anything to make fertilizers
C．Here are plenty of jobs you can do in the garden
D．Many bare root trees can also be planted in winter
E．Even if homemade fertilizers will be bad as it is too cold
F．Plenty of leaves help keep some hardy plants from freezing
G．Winter is a great time to multiply plants by hardwood cuttings
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了适合在冬季进行的园艺活动。
1．C 段中题。根据上文“As autumn has come, winter is on the way．When it finally arrives, it can be cold outside．However, even a blanket of snow doesn't stop a keen gardener．(秋天来了，冬天也就不远了。当它终于到来的时候，外面可能很冷。然而，即使是一层雪也阻挡不了园丁的热情。)”和下文“Read on to find out some main tasks for winter．(往下读，找出一些冬季的主要任务。)”可知，即使冬天来临，喜欢园艺的人也有很多事情可以做。C项“Here are plenty of jobs you can do in the garden(你可以在花园里做很多工作)”符合题意，选项中的jobs和下文tasks是近义词。故选C。
2．B 段中题。根据上文“Raised beds are easy and relatively inexpensive if you have plenty of homemade fertilizers．(如果你有足够的自制肥料，植栽床很容易而且相对便宜。)”和下文“you can usually pick it up quite cheap from the city landfill(你通常可以很便宜地从城市垃圾填埋场买到)”可知，上文提出有足够的肥料，植栽床很容易，而下文建议去垃圾填埋场购买(肥料)。空处应陈述自制肥料不足或没有肥料的情况。B项“If you don't have anything to make fertilizers(如果你没有东西可以做肥料)”符合题意。故选B。
3．D 段尾题。空处位于段末应承接上文，根据上文“Winter is fit to prune(修剪) apple and pear trees．You can remove the damaged and diseased branches when the trees were dormant(休眠)．(冬天适合修剪苹果树和梨树。当树木处于休眠状态时，你可以移除受损和患病的树枝。)”可知，在它们的休眠期，除了移除受损和患病的树枝外，还有一些照顾它们的方法。D项“Many bare root trees can also be planted in winter(许多裸根树也可以在冬天种植)”符合题意，trees是关键词。故选D。
4．A 小标题。根据下文“Frost covering can be put over cold hard vegetables before the temperature drops too far to help keep those plants happy in winter．Frost covering can be helpful for Brussels Sprouts, kale, winter cabbage and leeks if you live in milder climates．(在温度下降太多之前，可以在不耐寒的蔬菜上放防霜冻板，以帮助这些植物在冬天保持生长。如果你生活在气候温和的地方，防霜冻板对球芽甘蓝、羽衣甘蓝、冬菜和韭菜都有帮助。)”可知，本段建议在温度大幅下降前把植物盖上以防止霜冻。A项“Cover Crops(盖上作物)”能概括本段内容。故选A。
5．G 段首题。根据小标题“Take Hardwood Cuttings(采用硬木插条)”可知，本段建议通过硬木插条进行繁育。G项“Winter is a great time to multiply plants by hardwood cuttings(冬天是用硬木扦插繁殖植物的好时机)”符合题意，hardwood cuttings是原词复现。故选G。(共17张PPT)
第二部分
阅读能力突破篇
专题二 阅读七选五
第2讲 根据词汇复现解题
高频考点·研析透
考点1 原词复现题
辨
明
题
类
复现是保证文章行文中前后衔接而经常使用的一种衔接手段，即表达相同意思、描述同一个概念的词汇在文章的上下文不同位置重复出现。
根据行文需要，文章中经常在后文中用前文中出现过的相同词语来衔接语义，这种现象叫做原词复现。原词复现也可以是同根词。
技
法
点
拨
英语语篇在行文中第一句话的宾语，经常就是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同或重叠的词语。这种前后句语义的衔接常以句子中关键词(常为名词、动词、形容词)本身复现的方式来实现，解题时要格外注意有与空格前的句子中相同关键词汇的选项。
真
题
体
验
(2022·全国甲卷)
Making Requests
39 ．In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills．Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food．
E．It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G．It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
【解题示范】 段首题。根据小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills．Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food．(在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪。)”可知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，选项“It may seem like simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合语境，其中“request”是关键词，属于原词复现，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。
考点2 同义词或近义词复现题
辨
明
题
类
文章中经常会使用词义相同或相近的词汇来表达同一个意思或概念，或者用来解释前一句话的意思，其根本目的只是避免在文中同一个词汇的重复使用。
技
法
点
拨
1．关注选项中与空格前(有时是空格后)的句子中表达相同意思的同义词、近义词；
2．注意选项与空格前后句子语义上是否通顺合理。
真
题
体
验
(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge． 38 ．While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线)．The good news is that it's simple to learn and can be worth the effort．
There is also the matter of tone(语气)．Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day？ 39 ．Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile．
B．Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C．Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
G．An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
【解题示范】 38．段中题。根据前句“在任何一间办公室，员工的年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在交流中到共同点可能是一项挑战。”，选项“An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform”给出了解决这个挑战的方法，其中关键词句“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond”与选项中“all work generations”是一致的。故选G。
39．段中题。根据前句“Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day？(谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的恼人的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。所以选项“Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly(即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友好)”符合语境，其中的cold and unfriendly与前句中的annoying意义相近。故选B。
考点3 代词指代题
辨
明
题
类
英语表达中代词的出现率非常高，而代词的作用就是指代前面提及的名词，以避免重复；有时也可用代词指代前面一个句子(这两种情况也可以归类为复现)。
技
法
点
拨
解题时注意空格前后或选项中出现的代词，充分利用代词的这种指代关系并根据代词的单复数差异，可以准确而快速地判定选项。常见代词：it，they/them，one(s)，this/that，these/those。
真
题
体
验
(2023·全国甲卷)
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic． 37 ．“Showing thankfulness can foster self-control，” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California．
D．All this adds up to a state of hurry
E．It can also help us practice more patience
F．This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
【解题示范】 段中题。根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic．(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐、压力更小，甚至更乐观。)”以及后文“‘Showing thankfulness can foster self-control，’ said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California．(加州大学的研究员叶丽说：‘表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。’)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，本句继续说明感恩的好处。选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，其中It指代上文Thankfulness。故选E。第二部分 专题二 第3讲
A
(2023·山西省高三一模)
You've probably heard of a hybrid(杂交物种)in films or books．The centaurs in the Harry Potter films are hybrids of human and horse． 1
Hybridization occurs in both plants and animals． 2 What's more, many plants that people eat, from strawberries to carrots, corn and potatoes, have been created by hybridization．
Cross-breeding(杂交)sometimes occurs when animals' normal territory overlaps (部分重叠)． 3 The grolar bear is a hybrid that happens when grizzly and polar bears mate．As the environment warms, grizzlies in Alaska and Canada wander further north, bringing them into contact with polar bears．
Artificial mixing often happens in zoos, where different species that don't normally meet in the wild can be introduced to each other．Ligers(lion and tiger hybrids)are unlikely to occur in nature, because the only place that their habitats overlap is the Gir Forest in India． 4 Mixed species are more likely to be born with health issues than other animals．Most hybrids born in zoos are infertile, which means they are unable to have babies．However, many cross-breeds born in the wild, like the grolar bear, can have their own babies．
5 “It's part of the evolutionary process，” he says．Fertile hybrids can lead to the creation of a new species and increase the variety of living things．
A．Wildlife conservation is of significance．
B．Did you know hybridization is a biological process
C．That's due to habitat destruction or changing climate．
D．Did you know that hybrids appear in the natural world, too
E．Jimmy believes species hybridization in nature is a good thing．
F．Many conservationists think that creating hybrids is a bad thing．
G．Living things, especially plants, will naturally hybridize in the wild．
B
(2023·山东省枣庄市高三二模)
The gradual heating of Earth's surface, oceans and atmosphere is primarily caused by human activity．We burn fossil fuels, and pump carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere．These gases act like a greenhouse． 1
Already, the consequences of global warming are measurable and visible． 2 Lakes around the world are warming rapidly—in some cases faster than the surrounding environment．Animals are changing migration patterns, and plants are budding their leaves earlier in the spring and dropping them later in the fall．
One of the most immediate and obvious consequences of global warming is the increase in temperatures around the world．The average global temperature has increased by 0．8℃ over the past 100 years, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration． 3 That year, Earth's surface temperature was 0．99℃ warmer than the average across the entire 20th century．
4 We have more unpredictable extreme weather．These extremes come in different flavors．One effect can be colder than normal winters．Changes in climate can cause the boundary between the cold North Pole air and the warm equatorial air to migrate south． 5 This is why some areas can have a sudden cold snap or colder than normal winter, even during the long term trend of global warming．
A．That will bring with it cold, Arctic air．
B．They trap in heat and cause global warming．
C．An immediate consequence is freezing weather．
D．Our Earth is heating up, and heating up quickly．
E．Ice is melting in both polar ice caps and mountain glaciers．
F．Since 1895, the hottest year on record worldwide was 2016．
G．As global average temperatures go up, weather patterns are changing．
C
(2023·福建省三明市高中毕业班三模)
The meaning of happiness is, to an extent, subjective．But experts we surveyed emphasize the same cocktail of ingredients: a sense of control and independence, being guided by meaning and purpose, and connecting with others． 1
Spending time with family outside of the house, and with friends in a non-professional setting, are strongly recommended．The majority do both at least once a week． 2 John Zelenski, a psychology professor at Carleton University, describes social relationships as the chief building blocks of happiness．“We all benefit from close friendships and a general sense of respect and belonging in a community，” he says．
Mental well-being has long been linked to sufficient sleep, and our respondents prioritize getting at least seven hours a night． 3 Respondents say they fit it in three to six times weekly．
4 More than half of the experts report doing so at least three times a week．Emiliana Simon-Thomas, science director at the University of California, notes that when she's stressed, she takes a walk and marvels at flowers, plants, birds, insects．
She also counts breathing exercises, reading poetry, and watching stand-up comedy among her go-to coping strategies on bad days．Other experts overcome unhelpful thoughts, anxieties, and stressors by revisiting favorite books, listening to songs, or journaling．Jenn Lim reminds herself to stay curious and be gentle on herself．“If it's within my control, then I can act better on it，” she says． 5
Being happy is, after all, a universal and ancient pursuit．Take comfort in the knowledge that even experts find it to be a concept hard to define at times．
A．And if it's without, she knows to let it go．
B．Some attach importance to other entertainments．
C．Many gather socially three to four times a week．
D．Exercising or playing sports is another shared habit．
E．Most respondents set space for these interests twice a week．
F．And they largely agree happiness can be measured and taught．
G．An additional key to unlocking happiness might be nearing nature．
D
(2023·广东省佛山市高三一模)
Camping Tips &Tricks for a Fun Trip
Many people idealize camping trips as being this easy, effortless encounter with destinations rich with natural landscapes and nights under the stars twinkling in the sky above． 1 That's why we've prepared the best camping tips for you!
Plan accordingly, and then plan again．When you're out in the middle of nowhere, you have to be equipped to nature's challenges． 2 Therefore, a plan for unexpected weather changes is essential to a successful camping trip．For example, consider packing extra suppliers like blankets．While that might seem like a huge inconvenience, the biggest and real issue occurs when you need something you don't have．
Know what you need． 3 Not all beginner campers will need the top-of-the-line, latest supplies．But you should have at least the basics! That includes a decent tent with enough room for people camping with you, a good sleeping bag appropriate for the season, and other supplies like food and water．You'd better create a convenient checklist that lays out everything that you should consider．
4 When you're far away from the major conveniences we rely upon like an urgent care center, police stations, and emergency rooms, you should always remember that safety is your first priority! 5 A first aid kit is a great starting point, but it's certainly not the end of maximizing your safety efforts．Depending on where you plan to camp, you'll want to grab these items that cover you in most emergency situations: a pocket knife, a fire starter, and a safety whistle．
Ready to go camping Now you know what to expect and how to prepare for your next camping trip, so you actually have fun—rain or shine!
A．Always choose a safe campsite．
B．Never leave home without safety in mind．
C．We encourage you to create a safety supply kit．
D．Camping doesn't have to be complicated or expensive．
E．A clear 3-day forecast can easily shift into a sudden heavy rain．
F．To maximize your comfort, always bring appropriate clothes for cold and rain．
G．But for beginner campers, those expectations can rapidly turn into a mess of reality．
第二部分 专题二 第3讲
A
(2023·山西省高三一模)
You've probably heard of a hybrid(杂交物种)in films or books．The centaurs in the Harry Potter films are hybrids of human and horse． 1
Hybridization occurs in both plants and animals． 2 What's more, many plants that people eat, from strawberries to carrots, corn and potatoes, have been created by hybridization．
Cross-breeding(杂交)sometimes occurs when animals' normal territory overlaps (部分重叠)． 3 The grolar bear is a hybrid that happens when grizzly and polar bears mate．As the environment warms, grizzlies in Alaska and Canada wander further north, bringing them into contact with polar bears．
Artificial mixing often happens in zoos, where different species that don't normally meet in the wild can be introduced to each other．Ligers(lion and tiger hybrids)are unlikely to occur in nature, because the only place that their habitats overlap is the Gir Forest in India． 4 Mixed species are more likely to be born with health issues than other animals．Most hybrids born in zoos are infertile, which means they are unable to have babies．However, many cross-breeds born in the wild, like the grolar bear, can have their own babies．
5 “It's part of the evolutionary process，” he says．Fertile hybrids can lead to the creation of a new species and increase the variety of living things．
A．Wildlife conservation is of significance．
B．Did you know hybridization is a biological process
C．That's due to habitat destruction or changing climate．
D．Did you know that hybrids appear in the natural world, too
E．Jimmy believes species hybridization in nature is a good thing．
F．Many conservationists think that creating hybrids is a bad thing．
G．Living things, especially plants, will naturally hybridize in the wild．
【语篇解读】 本文为一篇说明文，主题语境为人与自然。文章主要介绍了动植物的杂交并且举例说明其发生条件以及结果。
1．D 段尾题。根据上文“You've probably heard of a hybrid(杂交物种)in films or books．The centaurs in the Harry Potter films are hybrids of human and horse．(你可能在电影或书中听说过杂交物种。《哈利波特》系列电影中的人马兽是人和马的杂交物种。)”以及下文“Hybridization occurs in both plants and animals．(杂交在动植物中时有发生。)”可知，杂交物种出现在电影或书里和在植物和动物中，此处起着承上启下的作用，D项“你知道自然世界里也有杂交物种吗？”符合语境。故选D。
2．G 段中题。根据上文“Hybridization occurs in both plants and animals．(杂交在动植物中时有发生。)”以及下文“What's more, many plants that people eat, from strawberries to carrots, corn and potatoes, have been created by hybridization．(更重要的是，人们吃的许多植物，从草莓到胡萝卜、玉米和土豆，都是通过杂交培育出来的。)”可知，本段主要谈论植物的杂交，表示承接与递进关系，G项“生物，尤其是植物，会在野外自然杂交。”中的especially plants与上下文有对应关系，符合语境。故选G。
3．C 段中题。根据上文“Cross-breeding(杂交)sometimes occurs when animals' normal territory overlaps(部分重叠)．(杂交有时发生在动物的正常领地重叠的时候。)”以及下文“The grolar bear is a hybrid that happens when grizzly and polar bears mate．(北极灰熊是灰熊和北极熊交配后的杂交后代。)”可知，C项“这是由于栖息地破坏或气候变化。”中的That's due to指代上文“Cross-breeding(杂交)sometimes occurs”发生的条件，下文举例说明提及重叠的原因，符合语境。故选C。
4．F 段中题。根据上文“Ligers(lion and tiger hybrids)are unlikely to occur in nature, because the only place that their habitats overlap is the Gir Forest in India．(狮虎(狮子和老虎的混合体)在自然界中不太可能出现，因为它们的栖息地唯一重叠的地方是印度的吉尔森林。)”以及下文“Mixed species are more likely to be born with health issues than other animals．(与其他动物相比，混合物种出生时更有可能出现健康问题。)”可知，F项“许多环保主义者认为创造杂交物种是一件坏事。”中的a bad thing与下文“health issues”有对应关系，此处是对杂交的消极看法。故选F。
5．E 段首题。根据段落结构以及下文“‘It's part of the evolutionary process，’he says．Fertile hybrids can lead to the creation of a new species and increase the variety of living things．(他说：‘这是进化过程的一部分。’可繁殖的杂交可以导致新物种的产生，并增加生物的种类。)”可知，此处是积极的态度和看法，E项“吉米相信自然界中的物种杂交是一件好事。”中的a good thing与下文的“lead to the creation”以及“increase the variety”形成对应关系，符合语境。故选E。
B
(2023·山东省枣庄市高三二模)
The gradual heating of Earth's surface, oceans and atmosphere is primarily caused by human activity．We burn fossil fuels, and pump carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere．These gases act like a greenhouse． 1
Already, the consequences of global warming are measurable and visible． 2 Lakes around the world are warming rapidly—in some cases faster than the surrounding environment．Animals are changing migration patterns, and plants are budding their leaves earlier in the spring and dropping them later in the fall．
One of the most immediate and obvious consequences of global warming is the increase in temperatures around the world．The average global temperature has increased by 0．8℃ over the past 100 years, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration． 3 That year, Earth's surface temperature was 0．99℃ warmer than the average across the entire 20th century．
4 We have more unpredictable extreme weather．These extremes come in different flavors．One effect can be colder than normal winters．Changes in climate can cause the boundary between the cold North Pole air and the warm equatorial air to migrate south． 5 This is why some areas can have a sudden cold snap or colder than normal winter, even during the long term trend of global warming．
A．That will bring with it cold, Arctic air．
B．They trap in heat and cause global warming．
C．An immediate consequence is freezing weather．
D．Our Earth is heating up, and heating up quickly．
E．Ice is melting in both polar ice caps and mountain glaciers．
F．Since 1895, the hottest year on record worldwide was 2016．
G．As global average temperatures go up, weather patterns are changing．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球变暖给人类带来如温度上升和极端天气等一系列的难以预料的结果。
1．B 段尾题。上文“These gases act like a greenhouse．(这些气体就像是一座温室。)”说明这些气体和温室的作用相似，B项“它们困住热量并且导致全球变暖。”正是对温室作用的解释说明，是对上文内容的承接。故选B。
2．E 段中题。上文“Already, the consequences of global warming are measurable and visible．(全球变暖的结果已经是可测量和可见的。)”说明下文要介绍全球变暖产生的后果，E项“极地冰盖和山地冰川的冰都在融化。”就是对全球变暖的结果的举例说明。故选E。
3．F 段中题。下文“That year, Earth's surface temperature was 0．99℃ warmer than the average across the entire 20th century．(那一年，地球表面温度比整个二十世纪的平均值高出 0．99℃。)”中的That year指代的是F项“自1895年以来，全球有记录以来最热的年份是2016年。”中的2016，下文解释了2016年成为自1895年以来最热一年的原因。故选F。
4．G 段首题。下文“We have more unpredictable extreme weather．(我们有更多难以预测的极端天气。)”说明极端天气的出现是我们始料未及的，G项“随着全球平均气温的上升，天气模式正在发生改变。”是为了引出下文，说明天气模式的改变是向极端天气转变。故选G。
5．A 段中题。下文“This is why some areas can have a sudden cold snap or colder than normal winter, even during the long term trend of global warming．(这就是为什么一些区域即使在全球变暖的长期趋势下，也会有突然的寒流或比正常冬天更冷的原因。)”和A项“那将会带来寒冷的北极空气。”构成因果关系，是对北极空气带来的结果的解释说明。故选A。
C
(2023·福建省三明市高中毕业班三模)
The meaning of happiness is, to an extent, subjective．But experts we surveyed emphasize the same cocktail of ingredients: a sense of control and independence, being guided by meaning and purpose, and connecting with others． 1
Spending time with family outside of the house, and with friends in a non-professional setting, are strongly recommended．The majority do both at least once a week． 2 John Zelenski, a psychology professor at Carleton University, describes social relationships as the chief building blocks of happiness．“We all benefit from close friendships and a general sense of respect and belonging in a community，” he says．
Mental well-being has long been linked to sufficient sleep, and our respondents prioritize getting at least seven hours a night． 3 Respondents say they fit it in three to six times weekly．
4 More than half of the experts report doing so at least three times a week．Emiliana Simon-Thomas, science director at the University of California, notes that when she's stressed, she takes a walk and marvels at flowers, plants, birds, insects．
She also counts breathing exercises, reading poetry, and watching stand-up comedy among her go-to coping strategies on bad days．Other experts overcome unhelpful thoughts, anxieties, and stressors by revisiting favorite books, listening to songs, or journaling．Jenn Lim reminds herself to stay curious and be gentle on herself．“If it's within my control, then I can act better on it，” she says． 5
Being happy is, after all, a universal and ancient pursuit．Take comfort in the knowledge that even experts find it to be a concept hard to define at times．
A．And if it's without, she knows to let it go．
B．Some attach importance to other entertainments．
C．Many gather socially three to four times a week．
D．Exercising or playing sports is another shared habit．
E．Most respondents set space for these interests twice a week．
F．And they largely agree happiness can be measured and taught．
G．An additional key to unlocking happiness might be nearing nature．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了能让人们幸福的一些事情。
1．F 段尾题。上文“But experts we surveyed emphasize the same cocktail of ingredients: a sense of control and independence, being guided by meaning and purpose, and connecting with others．(但是我们调查的专家强调同样的组合要素： 控制感和独立感，受意义和目标的指引，以及与他人的联系。)”指出专家对幸福的看法，空处承接上文，继续描述专家对幸福的看法，F项“他们基本上同意幸福是可以衡量和教导的。”符合，其中“They”代指上文提到的experts。故选F。
2．C 段中题。上文“Spending time with family outside of the house, and with friends in a non-professional setting, are strongly recommended．The majority do both at least once a week．(我们强烈建议与家人待在屋外，与朋友在非专业的环境下相处。大多数人每周至少做一次这两件事。)”提到我们要与家人、朋友相处，空处承接上文，C项“许多人一周聚会三到四次。”与上文“The majority do both at least once a week．”为并列关系，列举了人们这样做的次数。故选C。
3．D 段中题。上文“Mental well-being has long been linked to sufficient sleep, and our respondents prioritize getting at least seven hours a night．(长期以来，心理健康一直与充足的睡眠联系在一起，我们的受访者优先考虑每晚至少睡7个小时。)”提到受访者都有一个共同的习惯就是充足的睡眠，D项“锻炼或运动是另一个共同的习惯。”指出受访者其他的习惯，即锻炼或运动，下文“Respondents say they fit it in three to six times weekly．(受访者表示，他们每周会安排三到六次。)”进一步解释了他们锻炼或运动的频次，it代指选项中的“Exercising or playing sports”。故选D。
4．G 段首题。下文“More than half of the experts report doing so at least three times a week．Emiliana Simon-Thomas, science director at the University of California, notes that when she's stressed, she takes a walk and marvels at flowers, plants, birds, insects．(超过一半的专家报告说，他们每周至少会这样做三次。加利福尼亚大学的科学主任 Emiliana Simon-Thomas指出，当她感到压力时，她会散散步，惊叹于花卉、植物、鸟类和昆虫。)”指出接近自然能让人们感到幸福，G项“开启幸福的另一个关键可能是接近自然。”能概括本段内容。故选G。
5．A 段尾题。上文“Jenn Lim reminds herself to stay curious and be gentle on herself．‘If it's within my control, then I can act better on it，’ she says．(Jenn Lim提醒自己要保持好奇心，对自己要温柔。‘如果它在我的控制范围之内，那么我可以做得更好，’她说。)”可知，Jenn Lim认为如果好奇心在自己的控制范围之内，那么她可以做得更好，空处承接上文，对此进行继续描述，A项“如果没有，她知道该放手。”假设好奇心不在自己的控制范围内，该如何做。故选A。
D
(2023·广东省佛山市高三一模)
Camping Tips &Tricks for a Fun Trip
Many people idealize camping trips as being this easy, effortless encounter with destinations rich with natural landscapes and nights under the stars twinkling in the sky above． 1 That's why we've prepared the best camping tips for you!
Plan accordingly, and then plan again．When you're out in the middle of nowhere, you have to be equipped to nature's challenges． 2 Therefore, a plan for unexpected weather changes is essential to a successful camping trip．For example, consider packing extra suppliers like blankets．While that might seem like a huge inconvenience, the biggest and real issue occurs when you need something you don't have．
Know what you need． 3 Not all beginner campers will need the top-of-the-line, latest supplies．But you should have at least the basics! That includes a decent tent with enough room for people camping with you, a good sleeping bag appropriate for the season, and other supplies like food and water．You'd better create a convenient checklist that lays out everything that you should consider．
4 When you're far away from the major conveniences we rely upon like an urgent care center, police stations, and emergency rooms, you should always remember that safety is your first priority! 5 A first aid kit is a great starting point, but it's certainly not the end of maximizing your safety efforts．Depending on where you plan to camp, you'll want to grab these items that cover you in most emergency situations: a pocket knife, a fire starter, and a safety whistle．
Ready to go camping Now you know what to expect and how to prepare for your next camping trip, so you actually have fun—rain or shine!
A．Always choose a safe campsite．
B．Never leave home without safety in mind．
C．We encourage you to create a safety supply kit．
D．Camping doesn't have to be complicated or expensive．
E．A clear 3-day forecast can easily shift into a sudden heavy rain．
F．To maximize your comfort, always bring appropriate clothes for cold and rain．
G．But for beginner campers, those expectations can rapidly turn into a mess of reality．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几条露营小技巧：做好相应地计划A，然后还需要B计划以应对变化的自然；按需准备露营物资；永远考虑安全，应急安全包很重要。
1．G 段中题。下文“That's why we've prepared the best camping tips for you！(这就是为什么我们为您准备了最好的露营小贴士！)”讲述的是结果：准备露营小贴士。因此，设空句应是讲述这样做的原因，呼应why。选项G“But for beginner campers, those expectations can rapidly turn into a mess of reality．(但对于初学露营的人来说，这些期望很快就会变成现实的混乱。)”解释了原因，且在句意上与上文构成转折关系，前后衔接紧密。故选G。
2．E 段中题。上文“When you're out in the middle of nowhere, you have to be equipped to nature's challenges．(当你身处偏僻之地时，你必须准备好迎接大自然的挑战。)”提到了自然的挑战，下文“Therefore, a plan for unexpected weather changes is essential to a successful camping trip．(因此，应对意外天气变化的计划对于成功的露营旅行至关重要。)”提到了不可预料的天气变化，因此，设空句应同样涉及天气话题，以与上下文衔接。选项E“A clear 3-day forecast can easily shift into a sudden heavy rain．(一个晴朗的3天预报很容易转变为突然的大雨。)”符合题意，承上启下。故选E。
3．D 段中题。根据主旨句“Know what you need．(知道你需要什么。)”可知，该段讲述的是对于露营物资方面的准备，且下文“Not all beginner campers will need the top-of-the-line, latest supplies．But you should have at least the basics！(并非所有初学露营者都需要顶级的最新用品。但你至少应该有基础知识！)”讲述了“适当”这一原则，因此设空句要呼应主题“露营物质”和“适当”。选项D“Camping doesn't have to be complicated or expensive．(露营不必复杂或昂贵。)”贴合主题。故选D。
4．B 段首题。根据下文“When you're far away from the major conveniences we rely upon like an urgent care center, police stations．and emergency rooms, you should always remember that safety is your first priority！(当你远离我们所依赖的主要便利设施，如紧急护理中心、警察局和急诊室时，你应该永远记住，安全是你的第一要务！)”可知，该段强调的是露营的安全，设空句作为主旨句，应突出安全。选项B“Never leave home without safety in mind．(永远不要离开家而不考虑安全。)”符合题意。故选B。
5．C 段中题。根据上文“When you're far away from the major conveniences we rely upon like an urgent care center, police stations．and emergency rooms, you should always remember that safety is your first priority！(当你远离我们所依赖的主要便利设施，如紧急护理中心、警察局和急诊室时，你应该永远记住，安全是你的第一要务！)”和下文“A first aid kit is a great starting point, but it's certainly not the end of maximizing your safety efforts．(急救箱是一个很好的起点，但它肯定不是最大限度地提高安全努力的终点。)”可知，作者强调了外出的安全，并且提到了急救箱。由此推知，空处内容应与急救箱有关，选项C“We encourage you to create a safety supply kit．(我们鼓励您创建一个安全供应包。)”符合题意。故选C。
※小贴士：阅读七选五易错点
1．阅读七选五上下文语境中往往出现原词复现、同义词或近义词表达，这是解题的一个重要线索，但是有时不能只看原词复现，而忽视了设空处也有可能是考查句子之间的逻辑。因此，这就需要理解文章的主旨大意，弄清楚前后句子的确切含义，然后才能根据意义的连贯性选出答案。最后要将所选的选项代入原文，验证语言是否通顺，逻辑是否合理，从而确定答案。
2．阅读七选五中的句子所在段落的位置不同，起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种设空方式，是利用设空位置的暗示作用和设空上下文的提示作用来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。但是有时不能只看空位置，要看整篇文章的逻辑关系来解题。
3．阅读七选五语篇结构严谨，段落与段落之间逻辑分明，往往每一段都只讲述文章的一方面，或只涉及整个过程的一部分或一个环节，每一段作用不同。因此，做题时，不能只看上下句，要结合段落来紧扣主题；要准确地理清上下文的逻辑、语义衔接关系和文章的发展脉络，把握语篇整体内容和基本结构，使补全后的短文逻辑通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。(共17张PPT)
第二部分
阅读能力突破篇
专题二 阅读七选五
第3讲 根据行文逻辑解题
高频考点·研析透
辨
明
题
类
阅读七选五题型，尤其是段中设空题，命题会特别强调设空处前后语义的逻辑性和内容的连贯性以及句子之间的衔接手法。其特点主要是以转折手法引出主题句，或者是用来承上启下的过渡句，也可能是补充前文具体的事实、事例和说明。
技
法
点
拨
每篇文章都是一个有机统一的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的内在联系。从逻辑意义上来看，句子之间常常有并列、递进、顺承、转折、解释、因果、例证等关系，甚至有时不止一种关系。因此，做题时要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，考生就可以利用其来进行推理判断；如果没有出现逻辑关系词，考生要全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，然后做出正确的判断。
技法1 利用并列或递进关系解题
并列或递进关系是指后一句对前一句是一种顺承逻辑关系。常见的表示并列关系的标志性词语有first(ly), second(ly), third(ly), next/then, finally/last, first of all, for one thing, for another thing, some…others…, not…but…, to begin with, to conclude等；常见的表示递进关系的标志性词语有also, further, furthermore, even, likewise, similarly, moreover, in addition, what's more, not only…but also…等。
真
题
体
验
(2023·全国乙卷)
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home． 36 , but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory．What's more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive．
A．All plants are different
B．Not only do they look beautiful
C．There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
【解题示范】 段中题。根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood(心情), reducing stress and helping their memory(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成not only…but“不仅……而且……”结构。选项“Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)”能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。
技
法
点
拨
技法2 利用转折或让步关系解题
转折或让步关系是指后一句对前一句构成逆转逻辑关系。常见表示转折或让步关系的标志性词语有but, however, nevertheless, still, yet, while/though/although, or/otherwise, instead, on the contrary, in contrast, in comparison, by comparison等。
真
题
体
验
(2022·全国甲卷)
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand．People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand． 38 , instead preferring to use their hands．In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers．People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons．
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D．Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
【解题示范】 段中题。根据小标题“Hands or Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand．People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand．(在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭。)”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands (相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，选项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils (墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。
技
法
点
拨
技法3 利用因果关系解题
因果关系是指后一句为前一句的结果(有时后一句为前一句的原因)。常见的标志性词语有so, therefore, thus, consequently, as a result (of), so/such…that…, so that, result in/from, lead to, due to, thanks to, owing to等。
真
题
体
验
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris． 36 So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard．It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway．
E．That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do．
F．Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians．
G．The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy．
【解题示范】 段中题。上文“My husband and I just spent a week in Paris．(我丈夫和我刚在巴黎待了一周。)”说明了背景；下文“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard．(所以我们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵的公寓，在第六层，只有一个橱柜那么大。)”是空格处的结果，因此空格处需要填原因；根据选项“Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians．(我们的目的是看看我们是否在某种程度上可以活的像巴黎人。)”可知，作者要在巴黎住下来，所以需要租房子，两句构成因果关系。故选F。
技
法
点
拨
技法4 利用例证关系解题
例证关系是前后句的某句是为了证明或解释另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，而其实质是思维上的形象(例子、类比等)和抽象(观点)的辩证关系，所用到的思维过程就是基本的归纳(从例子到观点)和演绎(从观点到例子)。行文中常见的标志性词语有for example, for instance, in fact/as a matter of fact, actually, in other words, that is (to say)等。
真
题
体
验
(2022·全国乙卷)
·More isn't always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both． 37 ．There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat．
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
【解题示范】 段中题。上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both．(确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过，了解你们想要联系的频率，以及哪种方法对你们双方都最有效。)”提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，选项“朋友需要谈论他们喜欢的交流方式”承接上文，进一步提出对交流方法的沟通，下文“There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat．(除了持续的文字交流，还有其他选择，比如留下语音信息或进行群聊。)”对该选项中的“methods of communication”进行了举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E。(共23张PPT)
第二部分
阅读能力突破篇
专题二 阅读七选五
考情分析·明方向
掌握攻略·巧破题
实战引导·点迷津
考情分析·明方向
阅读七选五题型主要考查考生对语篇的整体内容和结构以及上下文行文逻辑的理解和掌握。该题型的命题形式是一篇300词左右的短文，在短文中去除5处信息，并提供7个备选选项，要求考生从7个选项中选出5个合适的选项对应地填回原文5处空缺处。
年份 卷别 体裁 话题 设空位置 段首 段中 段尾 小标题
2023 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 自我宽恕 0 4 1 0
新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 有关开始艺术之旅的建议 1 3 1 0
全国甲卷 说明文 有关变得耐心的方法 0 3 1 1
全国乙卷 说明文 室内植物 0 3 2 0
年份 卷别 体裁 话题 设空位置 段首 段中 段尾 小标题
2022 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 一起锻炼的伙伴 0 4 1 0
新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 写文章的技巧 1 4 0 0
全国甲卷 说明文 外出就餐 1 3 1 0
全国乙卷 应用文 维系异地友谊的方法 2 1 1 1
年份 卷别 体裁 话题 设空位置 段首 段中 段尾 小标题
2021 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 法国人对待生活的态度 1 4 0 0
全国甲卷 说明文 衣物交换 1 4 0 0
全国乙卷 说明文 晚宴 2 2 1 0
命题特点和趋势
体裁题材 语篇体裁主要以指导性说明文为主，间或考查记叙文和议论文。题材多是贴近考生生活、时代性强的当代社会生活以及文化科技等方面的内容。
语篇特点 语篇趋向于不带标题和段落小标题，但大都结构清晰，基本都是总—分结构。
设空特点 及趋势 根据设空位置，阅读七选五的选项主要有三种情况：段首、段中和段尾。根据设空句在语篇中的功能可分为：主旨概括句、过渡句、注释句。
能力要求 该题型主要考查考生的两大能力：1．把握整篇整体结构和提炼语篇主旨大意的能力；2．把握微观信息之间关联性及逻辑性的能力。
掌握攻略·巧破题
解题步骤:
速读全文掌握大意→根据设空位置找出与前后文之间的词汇方面的联系→思考与前后文行文逻辑关系→分析选项特征判断其归位。
第一步：先做段首、段尾题，缩小选项排查范围。
因为段首、段尾题要么是主题句或者总结句，要么就是承上启下句，语言特征较为鲜明，且题目相对简单，较易判定。做题时，先将这类题目的选项确定，既可缩小排查范围，又可使原文信息更加明了。
第二步：利用句间语义逻辑关系，排查判定剩余选项。
随着段首、段尾题的判定复位，原文信息进一步明了。再次通读原文，理清剩余空格处与前后句间的关系，将剩余选项判定归位。
第三步：代入选项通读全文，验证是否文意通畅。
将所选答案代入文中，通读全文，重点检查选项与前后文之间的逻辑关系，看是否符合原文整体行文逻辑。
实战引导·点迷津
(2023 新高考全国I卷)
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them．To err(犯错) is human． 36 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this．
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths”． 37 Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don't have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you're proud of．
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness”．On this one, list all the positive things you've done for others．It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day． 38
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list． 39 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through．In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to boost self-confidence at any time．
It's something of a cliché(陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes．The thing is, it's true． 40 We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow．
A．A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way．
B．Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself．
C．They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise．
D．It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness．
E．It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it．
F．Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down．
G．Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality．
【解题导引】
第一步：速读全文，了解大意，掌握结构：
本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长；
第二步：根据题目设空位置，结合上下文语境，理清逻辑关系：段中类题目一般既要关注上文又要兼顾下文的逻辑关系。段尾题多关注总结概括。
36．段中题。根据前文“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them．To err (犯错) is human．(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合后文“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this．(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该和“不要太自责”相似。选项“It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness．(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
37．段中题。根据前文“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading ‘Personal strengths’．(在日记或纸上写上‘个人优点’。)”以及后文“Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don't have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you're proud of．(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者吗？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself．(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释哪些是优点。故选B。
38．段尾题。根据上文“At the top of a second page, put the heading ‘Acts of kindness’．On this one, list all the positive things you've done for others．It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day．(在第二页的顶部，写上‘善举’的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down．(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。)”对上文进行总结概括，你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
39．段中题。根据后文“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through．(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise．(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，其中They与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list．(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时该选项和下文“In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this — it's a great way to boost self-confidence at any time．(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的this一致。故选C。
40．段中题。根据前文“It's something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes．The thing is, it's true．(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality．(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。)”符合语境，其中“isn't a fixed aspect of your personality”和后文“We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow．(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。(共112张PPT)
第二部分
阅读能力突破篇
专题模拟训练(阅读七选五)
阅读七选五(一)
A
(2023·吉林省白山市高三一模)
The process by which rich land becomes desert is called desertification (沙漠化)． 1 The U．N．says up to 45 percent of Africa's land is impacted by desertification, worse than any other continent．
Africa's Great Green Wall is a project to build an 8,000-kilometer-long forest across 11 of the continent's countries．The project is meant to contain the growing Sahara Desert and fight climate change． 2 They include limited political support, lack of money, weak organizational structures, and not enough consideration for the environment．Just 4 million hectares of land have been turned into forest since the work on the Great Green Wall began 15 years ago． 3
Launched in 2007, the project aims to plant a forest from Senegal on the Atlantic Ocean in western Africa to Eritrea, Ethiopia and Djibouti in the east． 4 It could also reduce levels of climate-related migration in the area and capture hundreds of millions of tons of carbon dioxide from the air．
5 They say some progress has been made in recent years in the east of the continent．For example, efforts in Eritrea and Sudan have resulted in nearly 140,000 hectares of newly planted forest．
The U．N．desertification agency says the project will need to plant an average of 8．2 million hectares yearly to reach its goal of 100 million hectares by 2030．
A．It has severe impacts on the environment．
B．That is only 4 percent of the program's goal．
C．However, it is difficult to carry out the project．
D．But the project has been facing many problems．
E．The project would create millions of green jobs in rural Africa．
F．Despite many problems, those involved in the project remain hopeful．
G．Some countries have struggled to keep up with the demands of the project．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非洲绿色长城项目的进展情况。
1．A 段中题。根据下文“The U．N．says up to 45 percent of Africa's land is impacted by desertification, worse than any other continent．(联合国表示，非洲多达45%的土地受到荒漠化的影响，比其他任何大陆都严重。)”可知，该空是介绍沙漠化对环境的影响，A项“It has severe impacts on the environment．(它对环境有严重影响。)”中的impacts为原词复现，是解题的关键信息。故选A。
2．D 段中题。根据下文“They include limited political support, lack of money, weak organizational structures, and not enough consideration for the environment．(它们包括有限的政治支持、缺乏资金、组织结构薄弱以及对环境的考虑不足。)”列举了各种问题，与D项“But the project has been facing many problems．(但该项目一直面临许多问题。)”呼应。故选D。
3．B 段尾题。根据空处位于段尾可知，此处应该是对该段的总结，上文“Just 4 million hectares of land have been turned into forest since the work on the Great Green Wall began 15 years ago．(自15年前绿色长城工程开始以来，只有400万公顷的土地变成了森林。)”讲述的是自15年前绿色长城工程开始以来取得的成绩，B项“That is only 4 percent of the program's goal．(这只是该计划目标的4%。)”中的that指代的内容与上文内容相符合。故选B。
4．E 段中题。根据下文“It could also reduce levels of climate-related migration in the area and capture hundreds of millions of tons of carbon dioxide from the air．(它还可以降低该地区与气候相关的迁移水平，并从空气中捕获数亿吨二氧化碳。)”可知，该空是对项目好处的表述，E项“The project would create millions of green jobs in rural Africa．(该项目将在非洲农村地区创造数百万个绿色就业机会。)”讲述的该项目产生的影响，符合语境。故选E。
5．F 段首题。根据下文“They say some progress has been made in recent years in the east of the continent．(他们说，近年来非洲大陆东部取得了一些进展。)”可知，此空必须包含名词复数与该句中的代词they指代内容一致，F项“Despite many problems, those involved in the project remain hopeful．(尽管存在许多问题，但参与该项目的人仍然充满希望。)”中的those指代内容与they一致，结合上下文语境。故选F。
B
(2023·贵州省高考前备考指导解压)
For many people, our friends are the friends we met in high school or college．But that is not enough． 1 When it comes to becoming close friends with someone, follow the following tips to help you connect to a new person in a meaningful way．
Listen & learn．
Meeting up for lunch or coffee is a great opportunity to get to know your new friend．Be sure that during conversation, you listen to what they're telling you about their life, interests and passions．Take note of what they're particularly excited about and ask them more about it． 2 .
Plan activities．
3 Bike rides, long walks, and short road trips are all great ways for a friendship to mature．If you really want to know how to become close friends with someone, these activities will provide many opportunities to talk with each other．
4 .
Sometimes, life hits us with unexpected blows．When that happens to our friends, it's important to support them with kind words, kind actions, and kind thoughts．Not only is it what you do for a friend in need but supporting your friend will solidify the trust that they have in you, further strengthening your close bond with them．
Share stories on Peoplepedia．
When you and your friend sign up for Peoplepedia, you can share your stories and learn more about one another．Writing about your life experiences and sharing them with the rest of the world will attract more friends wanting to know more about you． 5 .
A．Be there in times of need．
B．Buy a gift for your friends on important occasions．
C．We need to make friends with those new people that we meet in our lives．
D．Get them to talk about their favorite subjects and they'll become closer to you．
E．If you want to promote your friendship, find an opportunity to stay more with them．
F．Casual lunch or coffee meetings, exciting activities can bring two people closer together．
G．Besides, your current friends will feel closer to you when they understand more about you．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些交友小技巧。
1．C 段中题。根据上文“For many people, our friends are the friends we met in high school or college．But that is not enough．(对许多人来说，我们的朋友就是我们在高中或大学时认识的朋友。但这还不够。)”可知，下文在语义上与上文构成转折关系。C项“We need to make friends with those new people that we meet in our lives．(我们需要和生活中遇到的新朋友交朋友。)”能够承接上文，符合语境。故选C。
2．D 段尾题。根据本段小标题“Listen & Learn．(倾听并学习。)”可知，本段主要介绍要倾听和学习。D项“Get them to talk about their favorite subjects and they'll become closer to you．(让他们谈论他们最喜欢的话题，他们会离你更近。)”在内容上也讲述的是让朋友讲述自己的事情，符合语境。故选D。
3．F 段首题。根据本段小标题“Plan activities．(计划活动。)”以及后文“Bike rides, long walks, and short road trips are all great ways for a friendship to mature．(骑自行车、长距离散步和短途公路旅行都是友谊成熟的好方法。)”可知，本段讲述的是开展一些活动来加深朋友之间的关系。F项“Casual lunch or coffee meetings, exciting activities can bring two people closer together．(随意的午餐或咖啡会议，令人兴奋的活动可以拉近两个人的距离。)”在话题上与段落一致，符合语境。故选F。
4．A 小标题。根据下文“When that happens to our friends, it's important to support them with kind words, kind actions, and kind thoughts．Not only is it what you do for a friend in need but supporting your friend will solidify the trust that they have in you, further strengthening your close bond with them．(当这种情况发生在我们的朋友身上时，用善意的话语、善意的行动和善意的想法来支持他们是很重要的。这不仅是你为有需要的朋友所做的，而且支持你的朋友会巩固他们对你的信任，进一步加强你与他们的紧密联系。)”可知，这一段主要讲述的是朋友之间要互相帮助。A项“Be there in times of need．(在需要的时候到那里。)”符合本段主旨。故选A。
5．G 段尾题。根据上文“Writing about your life experiences and sharing them with the rest of the world will attract more friends wanting to know more about you．(写下你的生活经历并与世界其他地方分享，会吸引更多想了解你的朋友。)”可知，在网络上分享自己的故事，让朋友更好地了解自己。G项“Besides, your current friends will feel closer to you when they understand more about you．(此外，当你现在的朋友对你了解得更多时，他们会觉得离你更近。)”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
C
(2023·湖南省邵阳市高三二模)
Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout．Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout． 1 Many experts say there's no easy answer because it depends on the person．
If you want energy and strength for an ideal workout, you need fuel．A fed workout will provide your body with power．Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights． 2 Muscle preservation is also an essential component of strengthening your body．Nitrogen (氮) is critical for processing protein that builds healthy muscles．People tend to lose less nitrogen during a fed workout than a fasted one．
Many fitness enthusiasts are not on board with this idea．They report feeling sick and inactive while trying to exercise after eating．With a fasted workout, you may not get the usual indigestion．Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat． 3 It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose (葡萄糖) levels, and you may feel dizzy．You may even be more likely to overeat．
4 Not all foods are created equal．For example, if you choose a fed workout, you'll probably lose a lot of water during an intense training, so you should consider drinking some beforehand．With a fasted workout, it would help if you had some nutrition right after your session is complete．Drink some water．Then, have a light meal or nutritional snack．
Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice．Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings． 5 .
A．However, a fasted workout might not work for you．
B．How your body will respond is based on your workout intensity．
C．These benefits can result in burning more fat and shaping a slimmer body．
D．To eat or not to eat, that is the question on many fitness enthusiasts' minds．
E．Think thoroughly and discuss with your fitness instructor before taking a choice．
F．Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing when to eat．
G．A person doing a 30-minute session a day may not have a problem with fasted workouts．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了进食锻炼和禁食锻炼的优缺点，告诉人们在做出选择之前，彻底地考虑并与自己的健身教练讨论。
1．D 段中题。根据上文“Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout．Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout．(有些人喜欢在去健身房之前先吃点东西，这被称为进食锻炼。另一些人则喜欢等到运动结束后再给身体补充能量，这被称为禁食锻炼。)”和下文“Many experts say there's no easy answer because it depends on the person．(许多专家说这个问题没有简单的答案，因为这取决于个人。)”可知，空处提出关于“锻炼前吃或者不吃这个问题”。D项中的the question和下文的answer对应。故选D。
2．C 段中题。根据上文“Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights．(运动前吃点东西可以帮助你坚持更长时间，举起更重的重量。)”可知，此处说明了运动前吃东西的好处，与C项的These benefits对应。故选C。
3．A 段中题。根据上文“Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat．(研究禁食锻炼的专家进一步声称，在运动之后吃东西会让你的身体把储存的脂肪用作能量，这意味着你会燃烧更多的脂肪。)”和下文“It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose(葡萄糖) levels, and you may feel dizzy．(它会导致你的血糖水平突然下降，你可能会感到头晕。)”可知，上文提到禁食锻炼的好处，下文提到禁食锻炼的危害，上下文之间形成转折关系。故选A。
4．F 段首题。根据下文“Not all foods are created equal．(并不是所有的食物都生而一样。)”可知，空处提到锻炼应该吃什么很重要。故选F。
5．E 段尾题。根据上文“Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice．Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings．(决定何时进食进行理想的锻炼是个人的选择。禁食锻炼和进食锻炼都有各自的优点和缺点。)”可知，本段讨论的是如何做出决定的问题，E项中的before taking a choice与主旨对应。故选E。
阅读七选五(二)
A
(2023·安徽省宿州市高三一模)
No matter where you go, you'll notice something strange about trees—the fact that their bottoms are painted white．Generally speaking, the purpose of whitewashing is to protect trees from heat and insects． 1 ．Let's check them out!
Blocking the sun
You might sometimes notice that some tree trunks' surfaces get dry and crack easily． 2 ．Simply put, they are exposed to the burning sun and the temperatures change wildly between day and night．Fortunately, painting a tree's trunk white is similar to adding sunscreen, which helps block the sun．
Heat protection
3 ．White paint reflects the heat and allows trees to spend more time on transpiration(蒸腾) and growing their fruits．Additionally, when trees are cooler, they have less stress, which makes their stomata(气孔) stay open a bit longer for the exchange of gases．
Defending against pests
More often than not, a tree's surface will crack, allowing insects to creep inside． 4 ．Therefore, people whitewash trees using latex paint and water, which prevents insects from climbing up trees and entering inside through the cracks．
5 .
Last but not least, the surface of trees is painted white to make them more visible, specifically for those on the side of the road．Why is that important Because accidents involving trees are extremely common, especially during the night, when drivers can not see them much more clearly．
A．Stopping accidents
B．Improving visibility
C．Whitewashing is a good way to solve the problem
D．The cause of this phenomenon has already been found
E．Whitewashing helps young trees remain cool in spring
F．However, there're many other reasons for whitewashing trees
G．Bacteria will feed on the tree's inner parts, eventually killing it
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了树木粉刷成白色的原因。
1．F 段中题。根据上文“No matter where you go, you'll notice something strange about trees—the fact that their bottoms are painted white．Generally speaking, the purpose of whitewashing is to protect trees from heat and insects．(无论你走到哪里，你都会注意到树的一些奇怪之处——它们的底部都被漆成了白色。一般来说，刷白的目的是保护树木免受高温和昆虫的侵害。)”以及下文“Let's check them out！(让我们来看看吧！)”可知，空处与上文构成转折，指出粉刷树木还有其他原因。F选项“然而，粉刷树木还有很多其他原因”符合语境。故选F。
2．D 段中题。根据上文“You might sometimes notice that some tree trunks' surfaces get dry and crack easily．(有时你可能会注意到一些树干的表面很干燥，很容易开裂。)”以及下文“Simply put, they are exposed to the burning sun and the temperatures change wildly between day and night．Fortunately, painting a tree's trunk white is similar to adding sunscreen, which helps block the sun．(简单地说，它们暴露在烈日下，昼夜之间的温度变化很大。幸运的是，把树干涂成白色就像涂防晒霜一样，有助于阻挡阳光。)”可知，下文主要分析了树干开裂的原因。D选项“这种现象的原因已经找到了”符合语境。故选D。
3．E 段首题。根据下文“White paint reflects the heat and allows trees to spend more time on transpiration (蒸腾) and growing their fruits．Additionally, when trees are cooler, they have less stress, which makes their stomata (气孔) stay open a bit longer for the exchange of gases．(白色的油漆可以反射热量，让树木有更多的时间蒸腾和生长果实。此外，当树木温度较低时，它们的压力较小，这使得它们的气孔保持开放的时间更长，以便进行气体交换。)”可知，下文提到白色的油漆可以反射热量，让树木有更多的时间蒸腾和生长果实，即可以让树木保持凉爽。E选项“刷白可以帮助小树在春天保持凉爽”符合语境。故选E。
4．G 段中题。根据上文“More often than not, a tree's surface will crack, allowing insects to creep inside．(通常情况下，树的表面会裂开，让昆虫爬进去。)”以及下文“Therefore, people whitewash trees using latex paint and water, which prevents insects from climbing up trees and entering inside through the cracks．(因此，人们用乳胶漆和水粉刷树木，防止昆虫爬上树，从裂缝进入内部。)”可知，空处说明昆虫爬进去的后果。G选项“细菌会以树的内部为食，最终杀死树”符合语境。故选G。
5．B 小标题。根据本段“Last but not least, the surface of trees is painted white to make them more visible, specifically for those on the side of the road．Why is that important Because accidents involving trees are extremely common, especially during the night, when drivers can not see them much more clearly．(最后但并非最不重要的是，树的表面被涂成白色，使它们更明显，特别是对那些在路边的来说。为什么这很重要？因为涉及树木的交通事故非常常见，尤其是在夜间，因为司机看不清树木。)”可知，本段的主旨是树木粉刷成白色可以提高司机的能见度。B选项“提高能见度”符合语境。故选B。
B
(2023·河南省平顶山市安阳市高三二模)
We often try to save money for a variety of reasons．It might be to save up for a new computer, put money aside into a rainy-day fund or put a deposit (押金) down for a loan on a house． 1 , but a recent study showed that over half of all 22-29-year-olds living in the UK have no savings at all．Did they splurge (挥霍) and splash out (花大笔钱) on too many things, or are there other factors And how can we become better savers
Many young people in the UK choose to live far away from home, and the cost of renting can impact the amount we can put away in our savings．On top of that, according to a 2017 study, there is a huge pay gap in people in their twenties in the UK, with the top 10% earning 4．3 times per week as the lowest earners． 2 ．However, there was positive, with the number of people in debt, not including student loans for university, having fallen from 49% 10 years ago to 37%．
3 ．First of all, put a stop to those impulse (冲动) buys．Ask yourself if you really need to buy something, even if it is on sale or looks like a bargain．One way you could control your spending urges is by using cash rather than card．Withdrawing cash before you go to a restaurant or go shopping sets a fixed budget you must adhere (遵守) to． 4 ．Finally, setting up a standing order from your current account into your savings just after you receive your salary will ensure you have some money set aside for a time that you might need it．Just after getting paid is a good idea for this as it means you save before you've had the chance to spend．
While there is some good news about debt for the twenty—somethings in the UK, the fact that over half have no savings is seen as a cause for concern．While it could be due to some economic disparity(不同), there may be some other factors at play． 5 ．
A．Sometimes we get the urge to spend money
B．Also, any change when you're using cash can be put in the jar or into your account
C．Possibly the idea of “saving more when I earn more” has happened
D．If we want to improve our ability to save, there are several ways
E．However, there are some steps we can take to help us all become better savers
F．Learning how to save is important
G．Therefore, it is important for us to be good savers
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何才能成为更好的储蓄者。
1．F 段中题。根据前句“It might be to save up for a new computer, put money aside into a rainy-day fund or put a deposit (押金) down for a loan on a house．(可能是攒钱买台新电脑，可能是存点钱以备不时之需，也可能是为买房贷款预付定金。)”和后半句“but a recent study showed that over half of all 22-29-year-olds living in the UK have no savings at all(但最近的一项研究显示，在英国，22-29岁的年轻人中，有一半以上的人根本没有存款)”可知，前后句构成转折关系，虽然学习储蓄很重要，但年轻人很少有存款。所以选项F“Learning how to save is important(学习如何储蓄很重要)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
2．C 段中题。根据前句“On top of that, according to a 2017 study, there is a huge pay gap in people in their twenties in the UK, with the top 10% earning 4．3 times per week as the lowest earners．(最重要的是，根据2017年的一项研究，英国20多岁人群的收入差距巨大，收入最高的10%的人每周收入是收入最低的人的4．3倍。)”可知，在英国，二十多岁的年轻人收入有很大的差距，这就导致一部分人慢慢形成了一种风气：等我赚多点钱的时候我再多攒钱。所以选项C“Possibly the idea of ‘saving more when I earn more’has happened(可能‘赚得多就存得多’的想法已经发生了)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
3．D 段首题。根据本段内容可知，本段讲述了三个存钱的方法。所以选项D“If we want to improve our ability to save, there are several ways(如果我们想提高我们的储蓄能力，有几种方法)”符合本段主旨。故选D。
4．B 段中题。根据前文“First of all, put a stop to those impulse (冲动) buys．(首先，停止冲动购物。)”和后文“Finally, setting up a standing order from your current account into your savings just after you receive your salary will ensure you have some money set aside for a time that you might need it．(最后，在你收到工资后，建立一个从你的活期账户转入储蓄账户的长期订单，这将确保你有一些钱存起来以备不时之需。)”可知，空处应该是与之对应的并列关系，介绍存钱的具体方法。所以选项B“Also, any change when you're using cash can be put in the jar or into your account(此外，当你使用现金时，任何零钱都可以放在罐子里或存入你的账户)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
5．E 段尾题。根据前文“While there is some good news about debt for the twenty—somethings in the UK, the fact that over half have no savings is seen as a cause for concern．While it could be due to some economic disparity(不同), there may be some other factors at play．(尽管对于英国20多岁的年轻人来说，有一些关于债务的好消息，但超过一半的人没有存款这一事实被视为一个令人担忧的原因。虽然这可能是由于一些经济差异，但可能还有其他一些因素在起作用。)”可知，英国20多岁的年轻人没有存款可能是由于经济或者其他因素，但仍然可以采取措施成为优秀的攒钱人。所以选项E“However, there are some steps we can take to help us all become better savers(然而，我们可以采取一些措施来帮助我们成为更好的储蓄者)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
C
(2023·甘肃省张掖市高三一模)
When a new school semester begins, many children feel very bad about it．They feel very nervous about going back to school．According to the experts, it's totally normal．Transitions(转变) are hard for everyone,
1 ．That's because routines are healthy for us, and changing into a new one can throw us off．
For parents, it's really important to know that it's very normal for their children to have a whole range of feelings about going back to school—from excitement, to anxiety and sadness, to even anger． 2 ．They might have stomachaches or headaches when thinking about returning to school in September．And that's all normal, too．
One of the best ways to ease into a new routine is to help the children focus on what they are looking forward to, 3 ．It could be one friend they're excited to see or even the idea of walking to school every day．
4 ．Walking or biking to the school can help．Hanging out with a kid who's going to be in the same grade is a better way to relieve anxiety．
Getting enough sleep, exercising, and talking to reliable adults and friends are other effective ways to cope with anxiety and negative feelings． 5 ．“If bedtime is now super late, or there is no bedtime, try to move it an hour earlier every night leading up to your first day of school，” said an expert．
A．whether you're a kid or an adult
B．rather than what makes them feel nervous
C．instead of returning to school without preparation
D．For some kids, those feelings can even be physical
E．Most parents don't have empathy for their children's feelings
F．Besides, getting used to the new environment before school starts is also a good idea
G．It's also suggested that kids should get their bedtime back on track a week ahead of school
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。新学期开始的时候，学生可能会因重返学校而感到很紧张，这是很正常的。本文就如何帮助学生重新适应学校生活提出了一些建议。
1．A 段中题。上文“When a new school semester begins, many children feel very bad about it．They feel very nervous about going back to school．According to the experts, it's totally normal．Transitions(转变) are hard for everyone(当新学期开始时，许多孩子都感到很难过。他们对回到学校感到非常紧张。根据专家的说法，这是完全正常的。转变对每个人来说都很难)”可知，新学期开始，学生因重返学校而感到很紧张，这是很正常的。转变对每个人来说都很难，A 项“无论你是孩子还是成年人”承接上文，符合语境。空前的 everyone 是提示词。故选A。
2．D 段中题。上文“For parents, it's really important to know that it's very normal for their children to have a whole range of feelings about going back to school—from excitement, to anxiety and sadness, to even anger．(对于父母来说，知道孩子们对返校有各种各样的感受——从兴奋到焦虑、悲伤，甚至愤怒，是很正常的，这是非常重要的。)”可知，对父母来说，很重要的一点是，知道孩子对重返学校有各种各样的感受是很正常的。再结合空后一句“They might have stomachaches or headaches when thinking about returning to school in September．And that's all normal, too．(九月开学时，他们可能会胃痛或头痛。这些也都是正常的。)”可知，他们可能会出现胃痛或头痛，这也很正常。D 项“对于一些孩子来说，那些感觉甚至可能是身体上的”符合语境，从心理上的反应过渡到身体上的反应，承上启下。故选D。
3．B 段中题。上文“One of the best ways to ease into a new routine is to help the children focus on what they are looking forward to(进入新生活的最好方法之一就是帮助孩子们专注于他们所期待的事情)”可知，让孩子适应新常规的最好方法之一就是帮助孩子专注于他们所期待的事情，B项“而不是让他们感到紧张的事情上”承接上文，与上文形成对比，符合语境。故选B。
4．F 段首题。根据下文“Walking or biking to the school can help．Hanging out with a kid who's going to be in the same grade is a better way to relieve anxiety．(步行或骑自行车到学校可以有所帮助。和将要上同一年级的孩子一起出去玩是缓解焦虑的更好方法。)”可知，有两种缓解压力的办法，这些是提前让孩子适应学校的方法。F项“此外，在开学前适应新环境也是一个好主意”可引出下文的解释。故选F。
5．G 段中题。空后一句“ ‘If bedtime is now super late, or there is no bedtime, try to move it an hour earlier every night leading up to your first day of school，’said an expert．(一位专家说：‘如果现在睡觉时间特别晚，或者根本没有睡觉时间，在你第一天上学之前，试着每天晚上提前一个小时。’)”提到睡眠问题以及解决办法，再结合空前一句中的getting enough sleep可知，本段建议调整就寝时间，G项“也建议孩子们应该在上学前一周将就寝时间调整到正常状态”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
阅读七选五(三)
A
(2023·四川省成都市高三三模)
The human brain is the command centre for the nervous system and enables thoughts, memory, movement, and emotions．
1 As the population ages, the challenges for the preservation of brain health increase．It is therefore vital for seniors to understand how to protect it．
Exercise regularly．Regular physical exercise tends to help fight against the natural reduction in brain connections that occur during aging．Multiple studies show that physically active people are less likely to experience a decline in their mental function and have a lower risk of developing brain disease． 2
Have a “right” nap．Having a nap after lunch can be good for your brain and many seniors have developed such a good habit for long． 3 While a 30-min to 90-min nap has brain benefits, anything longer than an hour and a half may create problems with cognition, the ability to think and form memories．
4 Your brain is similar to a muscle—you need to use it or lose it．There are many things that you can do to keep your brain in shape, such as doing crossword puzzles, reading, or playing cards．You can also learn something new such as musical instruments, drawing, or even digital devices．Combine different types of activities to increase the effectiveness．
Eat a Mediterranean diet．Studies show people who closely follow a Mediterranean diet are less likely to have brain disease than people who don't follow the diet． 5 However, we at least know that omega fatty acids found in olive oil and other healthy fats are vital for your cells to function correctly．
A．Stay mentally active．
B．Explore new interests if possible．
C．But keep in mind that the length matters．
D．Your diet plays a large role in your brain health．
E．The benefits result from increased blood circulation．
F．Maintaining a healthy brain is the primary goal in pursuing health．
G．Further research is needed to decide which parts of the diet help brain the most．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。提出了一些保持大脑健康的小措施。
1．F 段首题。下文“As the population ages, the challenges for the preservation of brain health increase．It is therefore vital for seniors to understand how to protect it．(随着人口老龄化，保护大脑健康的挑战也在增加。因此，老年人了解如何保护它是至关重要的。)”指出保护大脑健康至关重要，选项F“Maintaining a healthy brain is the primary goal in pursuing health．(保持大脑健康是追求健康的首要目标。)”指出保持大脑健康是追求健康的首要目的，与下文联系紧密，符合语境。故选F。
2．E 段尾题。上文“Multiple studies show that physically active people are less likely to experience a decline in their mental function and have a lower risk of developing brain disease．(多项研究表明，身体活动活跃的人不太可能出现心理功能下降，患脑部疾病的风险也较低。)”指出，运动活跃的人患脑部疾病的风险较低。选项E“The benefits result from increased blood circulation．(这些好处来自于血液循环的增加。)”则指出这类人患病风险低的原因是血液循环的增加，前后文构成因果关系，符合语境。故选E。
3．C 段中题。上文“Having a nap after lunch can be good for your brain and many seniors have developed such a good habit for long．(午饭后打个盹对你的大脑有好处，许多老年人长期以来都养成了这样的好习惯。)”指出午休对大脑健康好；下文“While a 30-min to 90-min nap has brain benefits, anything longer than an hour and a half may create problems with cognition, the ability to think and form memories．(虽然30分钟到90分钟的小睡对大脑有好处，但任何超过一个半小时的小睡都可能导致认知、思考和形成记忆的能力出现问题。)”指出，虽然午睡好，但是超过一个半小时的午睡会导致认知等方面的问题，说明午睡虽重要，但要注意时长。选项C“But keep in mind that the length matters．(但请记住，长度很重要。)”指出午睡时长很重要，符合语境。故选C。
4．A 段首题。下文“Your brain is similar to a muscle —you need to use it or lose it．There are many things that you can do to keep your brain in shape, such as doing crossword puzzles, reading, or playing cards．(你的大脑就像一块肌肉，你需要使用它，否则就会失去它。你可以做很多事情来保持大脑的状态，比如做填字游戏、阅读或打牌。)”指出，大脑也需要通过填字游戏等活动保持其活跃，而大脑活跃就是一种精神层面的活跃。选项A“Stay mentally active．(保持精神活跃。)”指出要保持精神活跃，与下文联系紧密，符合语境。故选A。
5．G 段中题。下文“However, we at least know that omega fatty acids found in olive oil and other healthy fats are vital for your cells to function correctly．(然而，我们至少知道，橄榄油和其他健康脂肪中的脂肪酸对你的细胞正常运转至关重要。)”指出了已知的一些对大脑健康有帮助的食物。选项G“Further research is needed to decide which parts of the diet help brain the most．(需要进一步的研究来决定饮食中哪些部分对大脑的帮助最大。)”指出，究竟是饮食中的哪部分对大脑帮助最大还不清楚，而下文却提出了几种已知有帮助的食物，前后文存在转折关系，也用副词however“然而”进行过渡了，即上下文联系紧密，符合语境。故选G。
B
(2023·辽宁省沈阳市高三一模)
Men's sport has for decades benefited from what investors call a “flywheel effect”．Big broadcast and sponsorship deals throw money into the game readily． 1 That, in turn, generates even more money the next time around．
Women's sport has long suffered the opposite phenomenon． 2 With few games available, viewers cannot tune in, and few viewers means little money．
The flywheel may, at last, be starting to turn round． 3 The first quarter of 2022 saw the highest viewership, up by around 50% on 2019, the last full year before the pandemic．Women's sport is resisting a general trend for people to watch less television．Streaming (流媒体), meanwhile, offers a way to show games without expensive deals with broadcasters, helping to build fan bases．
4 Viewership of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) in America rose by 50% in 2021 compared with 2020．In February, the WNBA felt confident, raising $75 million and valuing it at $1 billion．The prize pool for this year's Women's Championship is $16 million, double the value in 2017．
One big change is that several big rights-holders, including FIFA and World Rugby, now sell sponsorship rights for women's events separately, rather than bonded with the men's tournaments． 5 .
A．Start with viewing figures．
B．Money is starting to follow eyeballs．
C．Many associations fund the women's sports．
D．Some think sponsors get a better deal with women's sports．
E．Broadcasters have unwillingly shown it without being sure that people will watch．
F．That attracts more players and raises the level of play, which helps attract more viewers．
G．That forces buyers and sellers to think about exactly how much such rights might be worth．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是几十年来，男子运动一直受益于投资者所说的“飞轮效应”。如今，女子运动也受到“飞轮效应”的影响。
1．F 段中题。根据上文“Men's sport has for decades benefited from what investors call a ‘flywheel effect’．Big broadcast and sponsorship deals throw money into the game readily．(几十年来，男子运动一直受益于投资者所说的‘飞轮效应’。大型转播和赞助协议很容易就把钱投入到比赛中。)”和下文“That, in turn, generates even more money the next time around．(这反过来又会在下一次产生更多的钱。)”可知，F选项“That attracts more players and raises the level of play, which helps attract more viewers．(那吸引了更多的玩家，提高了比赛水平，这有助于吸引更多的观众。)”承上启下，其中that指代上文的“飞轮效应”，这种效应吸引了更多的玩家，提高了比赛的水平，反之下一次产生更多的钱。下文中的that指代空处内容。故选F。
2．E 段中题。根据上文“Women's sport has long suffered the opposite phenomenon．(长期以来，女子运动一直遭遇相反的现象。)”可知，女子运动不太受观众的关注。设空处应该指出由此带来的结果。E选项“Broadcasters have unwillingly shown it without being sure that people will watch．(广播公司在不确定观众是否会观看的情况下，不愿意播放节目。)”指出由于女子运动项目不太受观众的关注所以广播公司不愿意播放节目。故选E。
3．A 段中题。根据下文“The first quarter of 2022 saw the highest viewership, up by around 50% on 2019, the last full year before the pandemic．(2022年第一季度的收视率最高，比2019年(大流行前的最后一年)增长了约50%。)”可知，此处通过数据解释了飞轮效应。A选项“Start with viewing figures．(从观看数据开始。)”引起下文。故选A。
4．B 段首题。根据下文“Viewership of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) in America rose by 50% in 2021 compared with 2020．In February, the WNBA felt confident, raising $75 million and valuing it at $1 billion．(与2020年相比，2021年美国女子篮球协会的收视率上升了50%。今年2月，WNBA感到信心十足，筹集了7 500万美元，估值为10亿美元。)”可知，随着女子篮球的收视率上升，WNBA由此筹集了更多的金钱，即随着关注度的上升，获得的金钱回报则越多。B选项“Money is starting to follow eyeballs．(金钱开始追随关注度。)”概括本段主旨，引起下文。故选B。
5．G 段尾题。根据上文“One big change is that several big rights-holders, including FIFA and World Rugby, now sell sponsorship rights for women's events separately, rather than bonded with the men's tournaments．(一个巨大的变化是，包括国际足联和世界橄榄球联盟在内的几大版权持有者现在分别出售女子赛事的赞助权，而不是与男子赛事捆绑在一起。)”可知，国际足联和世界橄榄球联盟在内的几大版权持有者现在分别出售女子赛事的赞助权，而不是与男子赛事捆绑在一起。G选项“That forces buyers and sellers to think about exactly how much such rights might be worth．(那迫使买卖双方考虑这些版权究竟值多少钱。)”中的that指代上文的“国际足联和世界橄榄球联盟在内的几大版权持有者现在分别出售女子赛事的赞助权”，上下文是因果关系，同时rights与上文中的rights呼应。故选G。
C
(2023·江西省上饶市高三一模)
“Always wear sunscreen．” “Eat a balanced diet．” “A penny saved is a penny earned．” You probably all learned these lessons as a kid．But chances are, despite knowing these, you still stepped outside without putting on sunscreen, gulped an entire bag of chips in one go or spent more money than you had expected． 1 .
It's a mistaken idea that knowing is half the battle．In most situations, just knowing something is not nearly enough for you to put it into practice． 2 Behavioral scientists have seen people struggle to save money, to cut back on their expenses, even after they've taken a financial class．People know what they need to do to improve their financial situation—to save more and spend less．They believe that financial security is just a problem that can be taught to solve． 3 America spends nearly 700 million dollars every year on financial education programs, yet researchers have found that these programs explained only 0．1% of the change in financial behavior．
4 If you are struggling, it's not because there's something wrong with you．It's most likely because there is something wrong with how your environment is set up．Look around you．The signals to spend money have got smarter and faster． 5 You can reshape your environment and how you interact with it．
A．How to address that
B．But it is often not the case．
C．So what is the reason for it
D．Information doesn't always change behavior．
E．Behavior change is not educational pursuit but an environmental one．
F．They refer to financial education as a way that can make money for them．
G．Targeted ads are getting more personalized; everything around you is focusing on spending．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要通过解释存钱和花钱的道理，谈论了理解理论和付诸实践之间的关系。
1．C 段尾题。下文“It's a mistaken idea that knowing is half the battle．In most situations, just knowing something is not nearly enough for you to put it into practice．(认为知道就等于成功了一半的想法是错误的。在大多数情况下，仅仅知道一些事情是不足以让你付诸实践的。)”对第一段谈到的问题进行了解释，即“为什么尽管听过道理，但却不会付诸实践”。C项“原因是什么？”承上启下。故选C。
2．D 段中题。下文“Behavioral scientists have seen people struggle to save money, to cut back on their expenses, even after they've taken a financial class．(行为科学家看到人们努力存钱，努力削减开支，即使他们已经上了金融课程。)”和“They believe that financial security is just a problem that can be taught to solve．(他们认为财务安全只是一个可以通过学习来解决的问题。)”可知，作者并不认为财务安全仅仅只是一个通过学习就能解决的问题。D项“信息并不总能改变行为。”符合作者的态度，谈到了学习到的信息和人们的行为之间的关系。故选D。
3．B 段中题。下文“America spends nearly 700 million dollars every year on financial education programs, yet researchers have found that these programs explained only 0．1% of the change in financial behavior．(美国每年在金融教育项目上花费近7亿美元，但研究人员发现，这些项目只能解释金融行为变化的0．1%。)”说明美国每年斥巨资并不能很好地解释金融行为变化，再次证明财务安全并不能光靠学习解决。B项“但事实往往并非如此。”与上文为转折关系，引起下文。故选B。
4．E 段首题。空处为本段主旨句，下文“If you are struggling, it's not because there's something wrong with you．It's most likely because there is something wrong with how your environment is set up．(如果你在拼搏，那并不是因为你有什么问题。这很可能是因为您的环境设置有问题。)”提到关键词environment，空处也需要提到此关键词。E项“行为改变不是教育追求，而是环境追求。”符合题意。故选E。
5．G 段中题。上文“Look around you．The signals to spend money have got smarter and faster．(看看你周围。花钱的信号已经变得更加智能和快捷。)”从如何存钱转向花钱，空处也需要与花钱有关。G项“定向广告越来越个性化；你周围的一切都在关注消费。”承接上文。故选G。
阅读七选五(四)
A
(2023·四川省大数据精准教学联盟高三一模)
It has been proved that self-care helps people lower stress and get healthier．And another interesting finding has been revealed recently． 1 As a typical form of caring about others, volunteering has been proved to be beneficial to us in the following ways．
Volunteering makes us happier．
Throughout history, cooperation and community have been essential parts of human survival．One reason we feel so rewarded when helping others is that the happiness of those around us has taken root in our survival instinct．According to one study, people who volunteered at least once a month reported better mental health than those who didn't． 2 .
Volunteering increases our sense of purpose．
Typically, the act of volunteering involves taking action and engaging with others．These are two mental health needs shared by most humans, especially people feeling aimless and disconnected． 3 As a result, they can have clearer goals in their own life and increase the sense of responsibility．
Volunteering helps manage depression．
4 That's because taking positive action helps to change the negative thoughts—whether by interacting with other people or realizing you have useful skills to share with the world．Based on that, some researchers even suggest including volunteering as an approach to treating depression．
5 .
Some researchers have discovered a link between volunteering and a lower risk of early death．This effect comes in part from how volunteering can reduce stress and depression, which in turn promotes life span, improved physical health, and better management of chronic(慢性的) diseases．
A．Volunteering cures many diseases．
B．Volunteering impacts our physical health．
C．Caring attention towards others also improves our health．
D．Volunteering also helps reduce sadness or hopelessness．
E．People who always hold a positive attitude is unlikely to get depressed．
F．Some even said volunteering made them as happy as having an extra $1,100．
G．When volunteering, people learn new skills and develop more social connections．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了志愿者工作可能给人们带来的有益于身心健康的四种好处。
1．C 段中题。根据空前“It has been proved that self-care helps people lower stress and get healthier．And another interesting finding has been revealed recently．(事实证明，自我关怀可以帮助人们减轻压力，变得更健康。最近还透露了另一个有趣的发现。)”可知，自我关怀对人们有好处，空后“As a typical form of caring about others, volunteering has been proved to be beneficial to us in the following ways．(作为一种典型的关心他人的形式，志愿服务已被证明在以下方面对我们有益。)”介绍了志愿者工作对人们身心健康有益，设空处将话题从自我关怀过渡到志愿者工作，C选项“Caring attention towards others also improves our health．(关心他人也会改善我们的健康。)”讲述的是对别人关怀能改善我们的健康，符合上下文语境。故选C。
2．F 段尾题。根据本段小标题“Volunteering makes us happier．(志愿服务让我们更快乐。)”可知，本段大意为做志愿者工作让人更快乐，结合空前“According to one study, people who volunteered at least once a month reported better mental health than those who didn't．(根据一项研究，每月至少做一次志愿者的人比不做志愿者的人心理健康状况更好。)”可知，每月做一次志愿者服务的人比没有做过的人快乐，F选项“Some even said volunteering made them as happy as having an extra $1,100．(有些人甚至说，志愿服务让他们像多得了1 100美元一样高兴。)”讲述的是志愿者工作会让人快乐，对研究进一步说明内容与主题吻合，尤其是even为解题的关键。故选F。
3．G 段中题。根据本段小标题“Volunteering increases our sense of purpose．(志愿服务增加了我们的目标感。)”可知，该段主要讲述的是志愿者工作带给人目标感，根据空后“As a result, they can have clearer goals in their own life and increase the sense of responsibility．(这样，他们才能在自己的生活中有更明确的目标，增加责任感。)”的as a result可知，后文与该空是因果关系，由此推断该空介绍人们在做志愿服务时所经历的能让其获得更清晰的目标和增加责任感的行为，G选项“When volunteering, people learn new skills and develop more social connections．(在志愿服务时，人们学习新技能并发展更多的社会联系。)”讲述的内容与下文内容为因果关系，逻辑合理，且与主题吻合。故选G。
4．D 段首题。该空位于本段段首，根据小标题“Volunteering helps manage depression．(志愿服务有助于管理抑郁症。)”和空后“That's because taking positive action helps to change the negative thoughts—whether by interacting with other people or realizing you have useful skills to share with the world．(这是因为采取积极的行动有助于改变消极的想法——无论是通过与他人互动还是意识到你有有用的技能可以与世界分享。)”可知，本段主要介绍了做志愿者服务可以帮助人们对抗抑郁，D选项“Volunteering also helps reduce sadness or hopelessness．(志愿服务也有助于减少悲伤或绝望。)”志愿者工作可以减轻悲伤和绝望，与主题吻合，且与空后内容成因果关系。故选D。
5．B 小标题。根据本段首句“Some researchers have discovered a link between volunteering and a lower risk of early death．(一些研究人员发现志愿服务与降低早逝风险之间存在联系。)”可知，本段讲述的内容为志愿者工作与人的身体健康甚至寿命有关，B选项“Volunteering impacts our physical health．(志愿服务会影响我们的身体健康。)”可以概括本段的主题。故选B。
B
(2023·安徽省合肥市高三二模)
The road to learning how to take personal responsibility can be a difficult one, but starting simple really works． 1 Here is some advice you need to follow．
●Focus on the basics of your journey．
Just like the ocean, our life has many ups and downs．If you start building a solid sailboat, you can withstand (经受) the weather．The solid boat represents your basic needs: safety, self-esteem (自尊) and connection with others． 2 .
●Open your sails and be willing to fail．
Do not lay too much stress on the destination．Just head in the right direction． 3 You're supposed to take the courage to really open your sails．When you devote yourself to what you are doing, you will forget about your insecurities and worries．
● 4 .
As you sail through life, are you making goals and plans, or are you simply letting things happen and watching life pass Working on goal setting enables you to measure your progress and take responsibility for all you have and haven't done to achieve them．
●Live in the moment．
As you're moving through the ocean of your life, are you really concentrating on each present moment, or are your thoughts set on the past and future Do you complain about mistakes others made that forced you into a difficult position 5 Start taking personal responsibility for each thought and emotion that passes through you．
A．Reach your goals．
B．Move forward with intention．
C．Then begin to tackle the more difficult aspects．
D．So check in and make sure that they are being met．
E．Stop blaming others or situations if you really want to enjoy each moment．
F．Everyone can edge closer to that stage through taking personal responsibility．
G．You must enjoy the sail by finding purpose and following that desire to explore．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要就如何承担个人责任提出了一些建议。
1．C 段中题。根据上文“but starting simple really works (但从简单开始确实有效)”可知，上文介绍从简单开始学习如何承担个人责任。C项“Then begin to tackle the more difficult aspects．(然后开始解决更困难的方面。)”中的Then和the more difficult分别承接上文的starting和simple，符合语境。故选C。
2．D 段尾题。根据上文“The solid boat represents your basic needs: safety, self-esteem (自尊) and connection with others．(坚固的船代表了你的基本需求：安全、自尊和与他人的联系。)”可知，上文介绍了人的基本需求。D项“So check in and make sure that they are being met．(所以请检查并确保它们得到了满足。)”中的they指代上文的basic needs，且met与needs呼应，符合语境。故选D。
3．G 段中题。根据下文“You're supposed to take the courage to really open your sails．When you devote yourself to what you are doing, you will forget about your insecurities and worries．(你应该鼓起勇气，真正打开你的风帆。当你全身心投入到你正在做的事情中时，你会忘记你的不安全感和担忧。)”可知，应鼓起勇气，全身心投入到你正在做的事情。G项“You must enjoy the sail by finding purpose and following that desire to explore．(你必须通过寻找目标和追随探索的欲望来享受航行。)”符合语境。故选G。
4．B 小标题。根据其他小标题的句式结构可知，此处应为祈使句。根据下文“Working on goal setting enables you to measure your progress and take responsibility for all you have and haven't done to achieve them．(通过设定目标，你可以衡量自己的进步，并对自己为实现目标所做的一切和没有做的一切负责。)”可知，本段主要讲到要设定目标。B项“Move forward with intention．(有目的地向前迈进。)”最能概括本段主旨。故选B。
5．E 段中题。根据上文“Do you complain about mistakes others made that forced you into a difficult position (你是否会抱怨别人犯的错误迫使你陷入困境？)”可知，上文设问你是否会抱怨别人犯的错误。下文“Start taking personal responsibility for each thought and emotion that passes through you．(开始为你的每一个想法和情绪承担个人责任。)”讲到要承担个人责任。E项“Stop blaming others or situations if you really want to enjoy each moment．(如果你真的想享受每一刻，就不要责怪别人或情况。)”承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
C
(2023·湖南省岳阳市高三一模)
April is the cruelest month…Or so said gloomy poet T．S．Eliot in his long poem, The Wasteland．It seems that he wasn't wrong．SAD(Seasonal Affective Disorder)—otherwise known as the “winter blues”—is a well known condition．But, surprisingly, some people feel more depressed in spring and summer than at other times of the year．The days getting warmer and longer, and the fact that spring flowers and blossom represent new
beginnings for some people, just make the spring blues worse for others． 1 .
What Causes Reverse Sad
Because it's not well understood or often spotted, it's hard to pin down the reasons for feeling down when everyone else seems to be full of the joys of springtime．With winter SAD, less sunlight is thought to disrupt the body's internal clock and bring on depression． 2 You might also be tempted to stay up later, throwing out your body clock．
How Do You Recognize It
3 Do you love the cold and feel much more energized at that time of year, while spring makes you feel much less positive Again, this could be reverse SAD．And it sometimes runs in families, so look around at your nearest and dearest and note how they feel about the advent of warmer, brighter days．
4 .
Exercise can work wonders．A study found that ten weeks of standard exercise was 20 per cent more effective than medication．And get plenty of sleep．Try to get up at the same time every day, even if you haven't slept well． 5 .
A．Can Exercise Help Overcome Reverse Sad
B．Can You Shake off the Spring Blues
C．This phenomenon is sometimes called “reverse sad”．
D．The spring blues may have a negative effect on people．
E．Like traditional SAD, spring depression comes back at the same time every year．
F．But if your depression shows no sign of lifting, see your doctor．
G．Reverse SAD, on the other hand, might be caused by too much sunlight．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了什么是反向悲伤，以及如何摆脱它。
1．C 段尾题。根据上文“The days getting warmer and longer, and the fact that spring flowers and blossom represent new beginnings for some people, just make the spring blues worse for others．(白天变得越来越暖、越来越长，春天的鲜花盛开对一些人来说代表着新的开始，这只会让另一些人的春天忧郁更加严重。)”以及下文“What Causes Reverse Sad？(是什么导致了反向悲伤？)”可知，空处应引出“反向悲伤”这个概念，C项“This phenomenon is sometimes called ‘reverse sad’．(这种现象有时被称为‘反向悲伤’。)”起到承上启下的作用。故选C。
2．G 段中题。根据小标题“What Causes Reverse Sad？”可知，本段讲述反向悲伤是由哪些原因引起的，G项“Reverse SAD, on the other hand, might be caused by too much sunlight．(一方面，反向悲伤可能是由过多的阳光引起的。)”符合本段主题，其中caused为原词复现。故选G。
3．E 段首题。根据下文“Do you love the cold and feel much more energized at that time of year, while spring makes you feel much less positive？(你是否喜欢寒冷，在一年中的这个时候感觉更有活力，而春天让你感觉不那么积极？)”可知，本句是对空处的进一步解释说明，E项“Like traditional SAD, spring depression comes back at the same time every year．(和传统的悲伤一样，春季抑郁症每年都会在同一时间卷土重来。)”符合题意。故选E。
4．B 小标题。根据下文“Exercise can work wonders．A study found that ten weeks of standard exercise was 20 per cent more effective than medication．And get plenty of sleep．Try to get up at the same time every day, even if you haven't slept well．(锻炼可以创造奇迹。一项研究发现，10周的标准运动比药物治疗有效20%。保证充足的睡眠。试着每天在同一时间起床，即使你没有睡好。)”可知，本段讲述如何摆脱悲伤，B项“Can You Shake off the Spring Blues？(你能摆脱春天忧郁吗？)”符合题意。故选B。
5．F 段尾题。根据上文“Exercise can work wonders．A study found that ten weeks of standard exercise was 20 per cent more effective than medication．And get plenty of sleep．Try to get up at the same time every day, even if you haven't slept well．(锻炼可以创造奇迹。一项研究发现，10周的标准运动比药物治疗有效20%。保证充足的睡眠。试着每天同一时间起床，即使你没有睡好。)”可知，本段讲述如何摆脱悲伤，F项“But if your depression shows no sign of lifting, see your doctor．(但如果你的抑郁症没有好转的迹象，那就去看医生吧。)”去看医生治疗抑郁，符合本段主题。故选F。
