(共24张PPT)
第三部分
语言运用精准篇
专题一 完形填空
第1讲 题型破解——句内层次题
高频考点·研析透
辨
明
题
类
句内层次题是指设空处的答案由设空处所在句子决定。根据第一遍浏览的印象，可以边读边结合已经掌握的信息做出选择，如有必要，可再回读相关句子。理解设空处所在的句子是关键。
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技法1 利用生活常识和文化背景解题
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地做出正确判断。
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(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)
For Jessica, that means 53C plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 54 and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house.
53.A.admiring B．donating
C．sending D．borrowing
54.A.clean B．open
C．simple D．empty
【解题示范】 54.考查形容词辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A.clean干净的；B.open开放的；C.simple简单的；D.empty空的。根据上文及常识可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持房子的清洁。故选A。
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技法2 利用习惯搭配解题
习惯搭配包括习语、固定句式等，设题有两种考查方式：一种是习语辨析，另一种是四个选项与空格前后都是固定搭配。考生应具备丰富的习语和固定句式等语言知识，再结合上下文做出合理的选择。
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(2022·全国甲卷)
The next week we 47B our dogs together.It was a hot day.When we paused to catch our 48 , Steve got down on one knee.
47.A．tied B．walked
C．bathed D．fed
48.A．breath B．balance
C．attention D．imagination
【解题示范】 48.考查名词辨析。句意：当我们停下来休息时，史蒂夫单膝跪下。A.breath呼吸；B.balance平衡；C.attention注意力；D.imagination想象。由上文“It was a hot day.When we paused (那是一个炎热的日子。当我们停下)”可知，那天很热，遛狗的二人停下来休息一下，固定搭配catch one's breath 表示“休息一下，歇一口气”。 故选A。
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技法3 利用逻辑关系解题
此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语；二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。常见的逻辑关系有因果关系、转折关系、对比关系、递进关系、让步关系、并列关系等。
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(1)因果关系
(2022·全国乙卷)
But our 45 research results in child developmental psychology 46C that idea.
45.A．disappointing B．mixed
C．surprising D．desired
46.A．explained B．confirmed
C．contradicted D．tested
【解题示范】 45.考查形容词辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A.disappointing令人失望的；B.mixed混合的；C.surprising令人惊讶的；D.desired渴望的。根据下文“research results in child developmental psychology 46 that idea”以及“Our 59 suggest when a child ‘hides’ by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点相矛盾，所以研究结果是令人惊讶的。故选C。
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(2)转折关系
(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)
It might sound like one long, expensive 42C , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel 43 .
42.A．game B．service
C．vacation D．procedure
43.A．safe B．busy
C．helpful D．affordable
【解题示范】 43.考查形容词辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A.safe安全的；B.busy忙碌的；C.helpful有帮助的；D.affordable负担得起的。对应上文“It might sound like one long, expensive”指听起来昂贵，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。故选D。
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(3)对比关系
(2022·全国甲卷)
The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, 56 Flora's space; Steve and I formed a good team 57B for Tilly.We made good housemates.
56.A．emptied B．respected
C．occupied D．discovered
57.A．looking B．caring
C．waiting D．calling
【解题示范】 56.考查动词辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A.emptied清空；B.respected尊重；C.occupied占据；D.discovered发现。由上文“my dogs might attack 46 , the cat (我的狗可能会攻击猫)”和“The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching (这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下)”可知，起初作者担心自己的狗会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora，但作者的狗和史蒂夫的猫相处友好，在训练下，狗不会去攻击猫，根据上下文的对比及结合动物的领地意识可知，此处指狗尊重猫的空间。故选B。
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(4)递进关系
(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23C happening around his home.A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24D it caused had driven away a number of birds. 25 , the number of snakes had declined as well.
23.A．precious B．interesting
C．disturbing D．awkward
24.A．waste B．tension
C．pain D．damage
25.A．Besides B．However
C．Therefore D．Otherwise
【解题示范】 25.考查副词辨析。由前一句“鸟类飞走了”和后一句“蛇的数量减少了”可知两句都是洪水的危害。however和otherwise表示转折关系，therefore表示因果关系，besides表示递进关系，故besides符合语境。故选A。
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(5)让步关系
(2022·全国甲卷)
We 51 to date, though neither of us brought up the future.And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her 52D .
51.A．continued B．decided
C．intended D．pretended
52.A．eye B．tail
C．ear D．leg
【解题示范】 51.考查动词辨析。句意：我们继续约会，虽然我们都没有提到未来。A.continued继续；B.decided决定；C.intended打算；D.pretended假装。由上文“I began to fall for him.(我开始爱上他。)”可知，作者对史蒂夫产生好感，再由本句后面though所引导的让步状语从句可推测二人会继续约会。故选A。
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技法4 利用语境暗示分析法解题
上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。我们可以通过上下文语境暗示，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
真
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(2022·全国甲卷)
The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching， 56B Flora's space; Steve and I formed a good team 57 for Tilly.We made good housemates.
56.A．emptied B．respected
C．occupied D．discovered
57.A．looking B．caring
C．waiting D．calling
【解题示范】 57.考查动词辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A.looking看；B.caring照顾；C.waiting等待；D.calling打电话。由上文“Tilly had an operation (Tilly做了一次手术)”可知，作者的狗Tilly做过手术，再结合语境史蒂夫和作者一起居住后，和作者一起照顾术后康复的Tilly。故选B。(共18张PPT)
第三部分
语言运用精准篇
专题一 完形填空
第2讲 题型破解——句组层次题
高频考点·研析透
辨
明
题
类
句组层次题是指设空处的答案由与设空处相距不远的一组句子决定。
碰到句组层次题时，先放下该空，采用跳读的方法，继续阅读与其相邻的几个句子，查找相关信息点，然后细读，准确理解句意，选择符合语境的答案。
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技法1 利用语义复现解题
复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的语义复现来选择正确的答案。
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(1)原词复现
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
Once there, Lenoue was 49B and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees.She would have struggled with extreme 50 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey's help.
49.A．interrupted B．assessed
C．identified D．appreciated
50.A．hunger B．pain
C．cold D．tiredness
【解题示范】 50.考查名词辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A.hunger饥饿；B.pain疼痛；C.cold感冒；D.tiredness疲劳。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，她可能会在痛苦中挣扎着到达援助检查站。pain是原词复现。故选B。
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(2)同义复现
(2022·浙江1月卷)
The research team 44C Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done 45 work on eye care using stem cells.Seeing a ray of hope, Ms.Burdeyney began raising 46A for the project with a friend, Toronto businessman Meyer Zeifman. 47B she has raised $110,000 with another $40,000 48C .
44.A．informed B．doubted
C．included D．dismissed
45.A．part-time B．controversial
C．voluntary D．ground-breaking
46.A．money B．standards
C．awareness D．questions
47.A．As ever B．So far
C．In return D．Once again
48.A．wasted B．donated
C．expected D．earned
【解题示范】 45.考查形容词辨析。句意：这个研究团队包括了一位加拿大博士Allan Slomovic，其已经用干细胞就眼睛护理问题做了开创性的工作。A.part-time兼职的；B.controversial有争议的；C.voluntary自愿的；D.ground-breaking开创性的。根据后句“Seeing a ray of hope(看到了一丝希望)”可知，他是带来希望的人，是最先做的，他的工作具有开创性。故选D。
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(3)反义复现
(2021·浙江1月卷)
But on the last night we were 50B in a thunderstorm.I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent.The temperature was close to 51D .I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only 52 part of my tent.
50.A．left B．caught
C．attacked D．separated
51.A．boiling B．average
C．normal D．freezing
52.A．tidy B．dry
C．new D．soft
【解题示范】 52.考查形容词辨析。句意：我不得不后半夜在帐篷干的那一块地方发抖。A.tidy干净的；B.dry干的；C.new新的；D.soft软的。根据上文的 “thunderstorm” 和后文的 “part of my tent” 可知，帐篷里进了水，作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B。
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技法2 利用作者的态度和感彩解题
在高考完形填空文章中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
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(2022·全国甲卷)
While I was 44 that he was an animal lover, I 45B that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 46A , the cat.
44.A.unsatisfied B．amused
C．terrified D．thrilled
45.A.predicted B．worried
C．regretted D．insisted
46.A.Flora B．Chance
C．Molly D．Tilly
【解题示范】 44.考查形容词辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A.unsatisfied不满意的；B.amused好笑的；C.terrified害怕的；D.thrilled非常开心的。由下文“he was an animal lover (他是一个动物爱好者)”可知，他(史蒂夫)是一个动物爱好者，多年和两只爱犬生活在一起的作者应该是感到高兴。故选D。
(2022·全国甲卷)
A year later, much to my 58 , this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me.
58.A．delight B．credit
C．interest D．disadvantage
【解题示范】 58.考查名词辨析。句意：一年后，令我非常高兴的是，这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚。A.delight高兴；B.credit信用；C.interest兴趣；D.disadvantage缺点。由下文“this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me (这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚)”可知，这个男人(史蒂夫)向作者求婚，作者应该是感到高兴。故选A。(共12张PPT)
第三部分
语言运用精准篇
专题一 完形填空
第3讲 题型破解——语篇层次题
高频考点·研析透
辨
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类
语篇层次题是指设空处的答案由整篇文章的内涵决定。
对于语篇层次题，需要综合全篇信息作答，所以，语篇层次题考查的是综合逻辑分析能力。考生在做这类题目时，不要急于作答，一定要等到信息足够明了，放到最后再做判断。
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技法1 利用首尾呼应解题
记叙文完形填空在很多情况下不仅仅是在讲一个故事，而是要通过故事来升华主题，而升华的内容往往在文章结尾处，并与首段内容形成首尾呼应关系。做最后几道题时，要学会“回头看”(重点看首段)。不要过早地放松而忽略了首尾呼应关系，导致在开头或最后一两道题上留下遗憾。
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(2021·浙江1月卷)
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day 42 .We had to 43C everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked.It may not seem like a 44C way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
...
53C , I suffered a lot.But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 54A .I think I am much 55B for having taken part in the project.
42.A．tour B．project
C．campaign D．course
43.A．drop B．make
C．carry D．buy
44.A．nice B．safe
C．long D．quick
...
53.A．By the way B．Regardless of that
C．Needless to say D．In either case
54.A．survived B．resisted
C．escaped D．recovered
55.A．smarter B．stronger
C．happier D．busier
【解题示范】 42.考查名词辨析。句意：我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目。A.tour游览；B.project项目；C.campaign活动；D.course课程。本题可以利用首尾呼应法解题，根据文章末尾“for having taken part in the project” 可知，本篇文章讲述的是作者某次经历，结合文末信息回到开头题目，可知作者被派去Coronado National Forest是为了一个为期8天的“项目”。故选B。
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技法2 利用文章发展脉络解题
叙事型完形填空文章在行文结构上往往包括开端—故事发展—高潮—结局等不同情节，考生应梳理文章发展脉络，理清行文结构。遵循发展脉络，合理思考推理，及时调整思路，上下求索，捕捉关键信息，关注是否与前文呼应，需随机应变，不要一意孤行，更不可胡思乱想。
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(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.That lasted about ten minutes.He was 44 , and his crying let the whole campground know it.So 45B tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him.
44.A．unhurt B．unfortunate
C．uncomfortable D．unafraid
45.A．due to B．instead of
C．apart from D．as for
【解题示范】 44.考查形容词辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A.unhurt未受伤的；B.unfortunate不幸的；C.uncomfortable不舒服的；D.unafraid无所畏惧的。根据上文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”以及下文“his crying let the whole campground know it”可知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以才会哭。注意文中细致的描述并理清故事的脉络才能正确解答本题：被绳子拴住→不舒服→哭叫。故选C。(共25张PPT)
第三部分
语言运用精准篇
专题一 完形填空
第4讲 体裁破解——记叙文
高频考点·研析透
辨
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完形填空的文章体裁以记叙文为主，常见的故事基本上可分为传奇故事、师生关系、家庭生活和个人奋斗等类型。从叙事方式来看，故事内容基本都遵循“起—承—转—合”的常见记叙文写作思路。从正负态度来解释，则可分为两种模式：一种为“负—正”，即故事开始就是“坏事”，后来转变为“好事”；另一种是“正—负—正”，即文章开始平静祥和，中间经历挫折、困难，最终迎来光明美好的结局。两种模式的共同点在于，无论故事如何开篇，过程都会经历曲折，结尾必然收获美好、充满希望。
总之，完形填空的选材基本都是积极向上、引人向善的文章。了解这些有助于考生理解文章内容、把握主人公情感走向，进而帮助解题。
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解题策略
①根据首句信息，充分想象短文内容；
②围绕主题中心，找准作者思路线索；
③把握各小节主题，理清上下文衔接关系和全篇层次结构；
④挖掘上下文对设空处的信息提示与暗示；
⑤利用生活常识，合理思维；
⑥突破思维定式，多维思考，大胆想象。
解题步骤
①研读首(句)尾(段)，跳过空格，快速略读，边读边测，通览全文，抓准主旨。要注意首句的点题作用和短文中完整句的启示作用，确定事情发生的时间(when)、地点(where)、事件的内容(what)、人物(who)、原因(why)等。弄清了这些要素也就基本上抓住了文章的主体，弄清各段落之间、各层次之间的内在联系，从而适当地把握文章的发展方向，达到顺利“完形”的目的。结尾通常会对全文中心进行总结、重述及升华。
②细读全文，紧扣主题，瞻前顾后，排除干扰，先易后难，初选答案。大致把握了全文的大意和作者的意图之后，就可以根据上下文选取与文意最贴切的选项。此时，应遵循先易后难的原则，对有把握的选项“一锤定音”。对没有把握的选项不妨先放一放，接着往下看，往往会出现“柳暗花明”的情况，切忌一步到位！
③复核全文，先易且定夺，攻难再复读，弥补疏漏，相信直觉，确保最佳。复查时从意义和语法两个角度考虑，着眼于全篇。特别注意的是，我们所选的是“最佳”选项而不是“正确”答案，请相信第一感觉！
真
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(2023·浙江1月卷)The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest.I was on my way to 41 a unique honey harvest.Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives (蜂箱) are placed in the 42 .Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 43 .
I 44 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.Ziyad began preparations.He 45 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the bunch to create a torch (火把)．Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 47 .He stopped every few minutes to move the 48 higher up the tree trunk.
49 , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground.Sitting on a branch, he 50 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive.Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry.Within seconds, he'd 51 the trunk and was back on the ground.
It was too 52 to collect the honey.A cool summer had delayed 53 .Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢)．The adult bees were 54 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.He had to wait for the right 55 to go back up.
41.A．share B．collect
C．celebrate D．witness
42.A．courtyards B．fields
C．treetops D．caves
43.A．urgent B．dangerous
C．expensive D．pointless
44.A．searched B．recognised
C．followed D．invited
45.A．gathered B．cleaned
C．dropped D．checked
46.A．shook B．lit
C．measured D．decorated
47.A．jumping B．talking
C．testing D．climbing
48.A．hives B．leaves
C．rope D．honey
49.A．Finally B．Surprisingly
C．Naturally D．Immediately
50.A．backed B．dived
C．shouted D．inched
51.A．cut off B．gone up
C．slid down D．held onto
52.A．high B．early
C．fast D．close
53.A．hatching B．training
C．sowing D．trading
54.A．curious B．hungry
C．bored D．angry
55.A．moment B．equipment
C．person D．order
【解题示范】 第一步：速读全文，从宏观上把握记叙文的脉络
1．文章主旨：通过速读全文我们得知，文章主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进行的一次独特的采蜜经历。
2．写作要素：通过掌握记叙文的六大要素，进而把握故事的发生、发展和结局。
When：as I set off into the Harenna Forest
Where：the Harenna Forest
Who：beekeeper Ziyad
What：a unique honey harvest
Why：to witness a unique honey harvest
How：Ziyad climbed a tree
3．写作目的：记叙文的写作目的通常是告诉人们一个道理，文章结尾作者往往通过评议的形式表达自己对所描绘故事的观点，有时候还会通过回应使主题得到升华，启迪读者深入思考。
本文的写作目的：作者通过讲述跟随见证Ziyad独特的采蜜经历，体验到埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的不易。
第二步：细读文章，从微观上破解三大层次题
依据故事的发展情节、语言知识、文化背景、生活常识、上下文语境等作出选择。
41．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A.share分享；B.collect收集；C.celebrate庆祝；D.witness见证，目睹。根据下文“I 44 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。故选D。
42．【语篇层次】逻辑推理题。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A.courtyards庭院；B.fields田野，领域；C.treetops树顶；D.caves洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk”可知，手工制作的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C。
43．【语篇层次】逻辑推理题。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A.urgent紧急的；B.dangerous危险的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.pointless毫无意义的。根据下文“The adult bees were 54 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B。
44．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A.searched搜索；B.recognised认出；C.followed跟随；D.invited邀请。根据上文“I was on my way to 41 a unique honey harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选C。
45．【句内层次】逻辑推理题。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A.gathered聚集，采集；B.cleaned清除；C.dropped掉落；D.checked检查。根据空后“handfuls of damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A。
46．【句内层次】逻辑推理题。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A.shook摇晃；B.lit点燃，点亮；C.measured测量；D.decorated装饰。根据“to create a torch(火把)”可知，此处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B。
47．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A.jumping跳；B.talking谈话；C.testing测试；D.climbing攀爬。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D。
48．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A.hives蜂房；B.leaves树叶；C.rope绳索；D.honey蜂蜜。根据上文“Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree”可知，Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。故选C。
49．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：Ziyad最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20米高。A.Finally最终；B.Surprisingly令人意外地；C.Naturally自然地；D.Immediately立刻。根据上文“He stopped every few minutes to move the 48 higher up the tree trunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad借助绳索不断向上攀爬，终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A。
50．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A.backed支持；B.dived跳水；C.shouted喊叫；D.inched缓慢移动。根据上文“Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 43 .”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D。
51．【句组层次】短语辨析题。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A.cut off切除；B.gone up上升；C.slid down滑下；D.held onto抓牢。根据上文“Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground”和空后“was back on the ground”可知，Ziyad是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选C。
52．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A.high高的；B.early早的；C.fast快速的；D.close亲近的。根据下文“A cool summer had delayed 53 .Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢)．”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B。
53．【句内层次】逻辑推理题。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A.hatching孵化；B.training培训；C.sowing播种；D.trading与……作交易。根据“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢)．”可知，此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A。
54．【句内层次】逻辑推理题。句意：Ziyad从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A.curious好奇的；B.hungry饥饿的；C.bored无聊的；D.angry生气的。根据空后“kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D。
55．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A.moment时刻；B.equipment设备；C.person个人；D.order点餐，命令。根据上文“A cool summer had delayed 53 .Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢)．”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad只好另待时机，等幼虫变成成年蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A。
第三步 重读文章，从逻辑上修正错误
初选之后，代入答案，把违背上下文逻辑关系的错误改正过来。(共24张PPT)
第三部分
语言运用精准篇
专题一 完形填空
第5讲 体裁破解——夹叙夹议文
高频考点·研析透
辨
明
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夹叙夹议类的文章通常是采用叙议结合的写作方法，文章先进行叙述，然后再在段落的结尾或文章的末尾展开议论，说明故事所包含的哲理或总结出作者的观点。阅读此类文章时，考生要重点关注议论的部分，从而总结出文章的主旨。
夹叙夹议类的完形填空一般有三种结构特点：
1．事例→观点：先叙述一件事情，然后针对这件事情发表自己的看法，或揭示生活的真理。
2．观点→事例：先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来说明。一般是一个事例，有时也会用几个事例从不同的侧面加以说明。
3．观点→事例→观点：首先提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例说明，最后再进一步阐述或总结自己的观点。
技
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1.分析结构，抓住作者观点
在做题时大家要借助文章结构，认真体会记叙和议论的关系，抓住作者的观点，明确文章的组织方式。看文章属于上述哪种结构，从而明白作者的思路。
2.重视首句，把握文章主题
首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作中心，为全面理解文章打开一扇“窗户”。
3.叙议兼顾，理解议论内涵
夹叙夹议中叙与议是一个有机的整体，叙是议的基础，而议是叙的升华。在读这类文章时，掌握议论部分的内容是关键，因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务的。所以只有把故事和哲理联系起来，再结合人物心理和行为的描述，全面把握文章才能正确解题。
4.抓住转换，理清逻辑关系
抓住记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式，理清上下文之间的逻辑关系，在充分把握语境的基础上，辨析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，找到正确答案。
真
题
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(2023·浙江1月卷改编)
Last year I decided to do some volunteer work.I began to 1 on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA.Three months later I found myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona.I was 2 at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months.However, within fifteen minutes of 3 , my worries had gone.Everyone was so friendly and like-minded that it was very 4 to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day 5 .We had to carry everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked.It may not seem like a 6 way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to 7 a stairway out of rock.This 8 climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited(栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard, never 9 .
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being.The 10 of knowing that my work will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were 11 in a thunderstorm.I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent.The temperature was close to 12 .I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only 13 part of my tent.
Needless to say, I suffered a lot.But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 14 .I think I am much 15 for having taken part in the project.
1.A．calculate B．negotiate
C．advertise D．research
2.A．annoyed B．surprised
C．scared D．excited
3.A．arriving B．sleeping
C．thinking D．walking
4.A．funny B．good
C．lucky D．easy
5.A．tour B．project
C．campaign D．course
6.A．nice B．safe
C．long D．quick
7.A．build B．test
C．clean D．guard
8.A．helped B．ended
C．allowed D．meant
9.A．hunted B．trained
C．seen D．fed
10.A．satisfaction B．ambition
C．expectation D．intention
11.A．left B．caught
C．attacked D．separated
12.A．boiling B．average
C．normal D．freezing
13.A．tidy B．dry
C．new D．soft
14.A．survived B．resisted
C．escaped D．recovered
15.A．smarter B．stronger
C．happier D．busier
【解题示范】 第一步：速读全文，从宏观上把握夹叙夹议文的结构形式和作者的观点
1．文章主旨：文章讲述了作者去年通过网上查询信息得到去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的机会，虽然期间作者经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水，为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难，仍然感谢这个经历让自己变得更坚强。
2．结构形式：先事例，后观点。首先叙述了作者做志愿的亲身经历，然后对此发表看法。
3．作者观点：做志愿者尽管会有很多麻烦，但受益也颇多，不仅锻炼了自己的毅力，而且还使自己变得更坚强。
第二步：细读文章，从微观上破解三大层次题
依据故事的发展情节、语言知识、文化背景、生活常识、词汇复现、上下文语境、感彩等作出选择。
1．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：我开始在网上研究并且发现“美国志愿者”。A.calculate计算；B.negotiate协商；C.advertise登广告；D.research研究。根据前文的“Last year I decided to do some volunteer work.”可知，作者在网上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故选D。
2．【句组层次】同义复现题。句意：一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三个月，我很害怕。A.annoyed烦恼的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.scared害怕的；D.excited兴奋的。根据下文“my worries had gone”可知，我一开始很担忧。故选C。
3．【句组层次】生活常识题。句意：然而，到达15分钟里我的担忧就消失了。A.arriving到达；B.sleeping睡觉；C.thinking思考；D.walking行走。根据下文“feel at home”可知，到达目的地不久，作者就不担心了。故选A。
4．【句内层次】逻辑推理题。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A.funny搞笑的；B.good好的；C.lucky幸运的；D.easy容易的。根据本句“like-minded”和“feel at home”可知，大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感觉到家的温暖很容易。故选D。
5．【语篇层次】同义复现题。句意：我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目。A.tour游览；B.project项目；C.campaign活动；D.course课程。根据下文“for having taken part in the project”可知，这是在说当志愿者的项目，原词复现。故选B。
6．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：可能看起来不远，但是在35度高温下，背着沉重的物品，我的腿像是着了火。A.nice好的；B.safe安全的；C.long长的；D.quick快的。根据上文“walk three miles”可知，作者他们走的路程不远。故选C。
7．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：我的工作是用岩石建一个阶梯。A.build建造；B.test测试；C.clean清洁；D.guard保卫。根据下文“climbing up and down the side of a mountain”可知，作者在狮子栖息地建一个阶梯供狮子攀爬。故选A。
8．【句内层次】逻辑推理题。句意：这意味着狮子能在山上栖息地通过阶梯爬上爬下，尽管我应该说它们只被听到，从未被看到。A.helped帮助；B.ended结束；C.allowed允许；D.meant意味。根据空后“climbing up and down”可知，台阶修好了意味着狮子可以爬上爬下。故选D。
9．【句内层次】逻辑推理题。句意：这意味着狮子能在山上栖息地通过阶梯爬上爬下，尽管我应该说它们只被听到，从未被看到。A.hunted捕猎；B.trained训练；C.seen看到；D.fed喂养。根据空前“although I should say they were only heard”可知，作者以前没有见过。故选C。
10．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A.satisfaction满意；B.ambition雄心；C.expectation期待；D.intention意图。根据上文“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，我修的台阶成型了，我很满意。故选A。
11．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：但是在最后一晚，我们被困在雷雨中。A.left离开；B.caught捉住；C.attacked袭击；D.separated分离。根据下文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent”可知，作者他们被困在雷雨中。故选B。
12．【句组层次】同义复现题。句意：温度接近零度。A.boiling煮沸的；B.average平均的；C.normal正常的；D.freezing冰冻的。根据下文“trembling”可知，温度很低。故选D。
13．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：我不得不后半夜在帐篷干的那一块地方发抖。A.tidy干净的；B.dry干的；C.new新的；D.soft软的。根据上文的“thunderstorm”和空后“part of my tent”可知，帐篷里进了水，作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B。
14．【句内层次】逻辑推理题。句意：但是我知道不论人生中面对什么，我都在这，我都活了下来。A.survived生存；B.resisted反抗；C.escaped逃离；D.recovered恢复。根据“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there”可知，作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来，挺过去。故选A。
15．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：我认为因为参加这个项目我更强壮了。A.smarter更聪明的；B.stronger更强壮的；C.happier更快乐的；D.busier更忙碌的。根据上文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there”可知，作者感觉经历让他更强壮。故选B。
第三步：重读文章，从逻辑上修正错误
初选之后，代入答案，把违背上下文逻辑关系的错误改正过来。(共25张PPT)
第三部分
语言运用精准篇
专题一 完形填空
第6讲 体裁破解——说明文
高频考点·研析透
辨
明
题
类
说明文是以说明为主要表达方式，用来说明事物、阐明事理的一种文体。它通过揭示概念来说明事物的特征、本质及其规律性，给人准确的科学知识或传递某种思想。其基本模式是：观点—说明—总结。
说明文要通读全文，明确作者是针对哪一个说明对象从不同的角度和侧面对其加以说明的。弄清说明顺序，把握作者态度。在说明的过程中作者会选择合理的说明顺序对说明对象进行有条不紊地解说。把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加深对整篇文章的理解。
技
法
点
拨
1．快速通读全文，明确作者从什么角度和侧面对哪一个说明对象进行说明的。
2．把握每段的说明侧重点，理清段落之间的逻辑关系，加深对说明对象的理解。
3．清楚作者是按照时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序还是认知顺序来展开说明的，进一步确定前后文的因果关系、先后主次、由此及彼、由浅入深、由局部到整体、由客观到本质等。
4．抓住体现作者态度的关键词句，有利于掌握作者的写作情感和意图。
真
题
体
验
(2022·全国乙卷改编)
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.For them, there's something highly exciting about 1 someone else's glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 2 at hiding.They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 3 .
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 4 as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures.But our 5 research results in child developmental psychology contradicted that ideA．
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.Each 6 sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or ears.We then asked the child if she could 7 or hear the adult.Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn't.The same 8 happened when the adult covered her own mouth: Now children said that they couldn't 9 to her.
A number of 10 ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked.The results were clear: Our young subjects 11 the questions and knew exactly what was asked of them.Their 12 to the questions reflected their true belief that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply 13 mutual(相互的) recognition and regard.Our 14 suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism.In fact, children consider this method 15 when others use it.
1.A．following B．taking
C．escaping D．directing
2.A．clever B．bad
C．scared D．quick
3.A．exposed B．examined
C．untouched D．imbalanced
4.A．supported B．guaranteed
C．imagined D．interpreted
5.A．disappointing B．mixed
C．surprising D．desired
6.A．parent B．child
C．researcher D．doctor
7.A．see B．help
C．reach D．fool
8.A．event B．thing
C．action D．accident
9.A．speak B．listen
C．turn D．wave
10.A．instructions B．descriptions
C．experiments D．assumptions
11.A．comprehended B．predicted
C．explored D．ignored
12.A．responses B．approaches
C．contribution D．sensitivity
13.A．hold back B．relate to
C．insist on D．make up
14.A．limitations B．requirements
C．theories D．findings
15.A．tentative B．impressive
C．creative D．effective
【解题示范】 第一步：速读全文，从宏观上把握说明文的说明对象，弄清说明顺序，理清段落关系，把握写作意图，掌握文章大意。
1．文章主旨：文章主要通过实验证明孩子们捉迷藏时，只遮住自己的眼睛并不是自我中心主义的结果，而是孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重。
2．说明对象：孩子们捉迷藏时，常常只遮住自己的眼睛而身体其他部位却暴露在外的现象。
3．说明顺序：按着认知顺序展开说明。
4．写作意图：通过实验说明孩子们捉迷藏时，只遮住自己的眼睛并不是自我中心主义的结果，而是孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重这一现象的本质。
第二步：细读文章，从微观上破解三大层次题
依据说明对象、说明顺序，理清逻辑关系，抓住关键词句，运用语言知识、文化背景、生活常识、上下文语境等作出选择。
1．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：对他们来说，避开别人的目光，让自己无法被别人看到，这是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。A．following跟随；B.taking取走；C.escaping避开；D.directing指导。根据上文“Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”可知，儿童喜欢玩捉迷藏，避开别人的目光。故选C。
2．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：然而，我们都看到学龄前儿童非常不善于隐藏。A．clever聪明的；B.bad不擅长的；C.scared害怕的；D.quick快的。根据下文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童不擅长隐藏，be bad at sth.为固定搭配，表示“不擅长某事”。故选B。
3．【句内层次】逻辑推理题。句意：他们通常只用手遮住眼睛，其余的身体暴露在外。A．exposed无遮蔽的；B.examined已检查过的；C.untouched未受影响的；D.imbalanced失衡的。根据空前“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童只是用手遮住了眼睛，身体的其余部分无遮蔽，是暴露在外的。故选A。
4．【句内层次】逻辑推理题。句意：长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心”生物的证据。A．supported支持；B.guaranteed保证；C.imagined想象；D.interpreted解释。根据“as evidence that children are hopelessly ‘egocentric’ creatures”可知，此处表示这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为证据，证明儿童是以自我为中心的。故选D。
5．【语篇层次】逻辑推理题。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A．disappointing令人失望的；B.mixed混合的；C.surprising令人惊讶的；D.desired渴望的。根据空后“research results in child developmental psychology contradicted that idea”以及下文“Our 14 suggest when a child ‘hides’ by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点相矛盾，所以研究结果是令人惊讶的。故选C。
6．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A．parent父(母)亲；B.child儿童；C.researcher研究员；D.doctor医生。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，儿童参加实验，此处表示每个儿童和一个成年人坐在一起。故选B。
7．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：然后我们问儿童是否能看到或听到成年人的声音。A．see看见；B.help帮助；C.reach到达；D.fool欺骗。根据上文“an adult who covered her own eyes”可知，成年人遮住了自己的眼睛，所以此处儿童被询问是否能看见成年人。故选A。
8．【句内层次】逻辑推理题。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A．event大事；B.thing事情；C.action行动；D.accident事故。根据下文“children said that they couldn't 9 to her”可知，此处表示同样的事情发生了，孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了。故选B。
9．【句内层次】生活常识题。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A．speak说；B.listen听；C.turn转；D.wave挥手。根据上文“when the adult covered her own mouth”及常识可知，此处孩子们表示他们不能和成年人说话了。故选A。
10．【语篇层次】词义辨析题。句意：许多实验排除了孩子们误解了他们被问到的问题。A．instructions命令；B.descriptions描述；C.experiments实验；D.assumptions假设。根据语境，此处表示上文中的许多实验排除了孩子们会误解问题这一情况。故选C。
11．【句内层次】逻辑推理题。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A．comprehended理解；B.predicted预测；C.explored探索；D.ignored忽略。根据下文“the questions and knew 11 what was asked of them”可知，儿童理解了问题，并能确切地知道自己被问了什么。故选A。
12．【句内层次】逻辑推理题。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你。”A．responses回答；B.approaches方法；C.contribution贡献；D.sensitivity敏感性。根据空后“to the questions”可知，此处表示孩子们对于问题的回答。故选A。
13．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。A．hold back阻止；B.relate to有关联；C.insist on坚持；D.make up弥补。根据上文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知，孩子们的看法体现了他们坚持相互的承认和尊重。故选C。
14．【语篇层次】逻辑推理题。句意：我们的研究结果表明，当孩子在头上盖一条毯子“隐藏”时，这并不是自我中心主义的结果。A．limitations限制；B.requirements必要条件；C.theories理论；D.findings调查发现。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，此处表示实验的研究结果表明孩子的“隐藏”并不是自我中心主义的结果。故选D。
15．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：事实上，当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子们认为它是有效的。A．tentative实验性的；B.impressive令人印象深刻的；C.creative创造性的；D.effective有效的。根据上文“They simply 13 mutual(相互的) recognition and regard.”可知，孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重，所以当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子会认为它是有效的。故选D。
第三步 重读文章，从逻辑上修正错误
初选之后，代入答案，把违背上下文逻辑关系的错误改正过来。(共24张PPT)
第三部分
语言运用精准篇
专题一 完形填空
第7讲 体裁破解——议论文
高频考点·研析透
辨
明
题
类
议论文是一种剖析事物、论述原理、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。其目的不仅是客观地解释事物，还力图说服读者相信并接受某一观点。其特点决定了其为高考完形填空中难度最大的一种体裁。典型的议论文一般由论点(提出问题，即what)、论据(分析问题，即why)和论证(解决问题，即how)三部分组成。
议论文的论点的3种提出方式
(1)开门见山式：提出论点→引用具体的论据→总结全文；
(2)导入式：叙述具体的事情或现象→针对问题，提出论点→用论据说明论点；
(3)结尾式：列举生活中的现象→分析具体现象→得出结论。
技
法
点
拨
1．抓住首句，明确论点。议论文完形填空的首句一般是主旨句，作者通常在文章的首段提出总论点，然后在每段的首句提出分论点。
2．议论文的尾段就是结论，也是对论点的照应，不可忽视。
真
题
体
验
(广东高考)
Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers.Then again, teenagers have 1 feelings about their parents, saying that it is not easy living with them.According to a recent research, the most common 2 between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks.On the one hand, parents go mad over 3 rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their children's refusal to help with the 4 .On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for 5 the towel in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket.
The research, conducted by St.George University, shows that different parents have different 6 to these problems.However, some approaches are more 7 than others.For example, those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness, but 8 clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their children's 9 .On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the 10 of their actions can do better.For example, when teenagers who don't help their parents with the shopping don't find their favorite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to 11 their actions.
Psychologists say that 12 is the most important thing in parent-child relationships.Parents should 13 to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say.Parents may 14 their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private munication is a two-way process.It is only by listening to and 15 each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.
1.A．natural B．strong
C．guilty D．similar
2.A．interest B．argument
C．link D．knowledge
3.A．noisy B．crowded
C．messy D．locked
4.A．homework B．housework
C．problem D．research
5.A．washing B．using
C．dropping D．replacing
6.A．approaches B．contributions
C．introductions D．attitudes
7.A．complex B．popular
C．scientific D．successful
8.A．later B．deliberately
C．seldom D．thoroughly
9.A．behavior B．taste
C．future D．nature
10.A．failures B．changes
C．consequences D．thrills
11.A．defend B．delay
C．repeat D．reconsider
12.A．communication B．bond
C．friendship D．trust
13.A．reply B．attend
C．attach D．talk
14.A．hate B．scold
C．frighten D．stop
15.A．loving B．observing
C．understanding D．praising
【解题示范】
第一步：速读全文，理解文章的首句和首段，从宏观上把握作者的观点(即论点)，弄清作者对某一事物是赞成还是反对，进而掌握文章大意。
1．首句要义：父母感到与孩子们相处很困难。
2．文章大意：文章论述了家长和孩子如何相处的问题。一味地责备会使得亲情疏远。父母也应该倾听孩子的心里话。沟通是一个双向的过程。做一个聪明的善解人意的家长更受孩子的欢迎。
3．感情态度：作者在字里行间一直是客观陈述，用实验结果论证论点，没有表示赞成还是反对。
4．写作目的：通过论证，说明一个道理：父母也应该倾听孩子的心里话，沟通是一个双向的过程。做一个聪明的善解人意的家长更受孩子的欢迎。
第二步：细读文章，从微观上破解三大层次题
一般说来，论据里的答案可以在论点里得到印证，而论点里的答案可以和论据里的内容结合起来，论点论据互相结合，前后联系，作出选择。
1．【句内层次】逻辑推理题。句意：同样，青少年对父母也有类似的感觉，他们说和父母住在一起并不容易。A．natural自然的；B.strong强壮的；C.guilty犯罪的；D.similar相似的。根据前后文的提示可知，父母和孩子有着相似的感觉。故选D。
2．【语篇层次】逻辑推理题。句意：根据最近的一项研究，父母与青少年之间的最常见的争吵是关于邋遢和每日的例行任务。A．interest兴趣；B.argument争论，争吵；C.link联系；D.knowledge知识。根据下文可知，因为父母不满意孩子不能保持自己房间的干净、整齐、卫生而发生争吵。故选B。
3．【句内层次】同义复现题。句意：一方面，父母会因为凌乱的房间，扔在地板上的衣服和他们的孩子拒绝帮助做家务而发疯。A．noisy喧闹的；B.crowded拥挤的；C.messy杂乱的；D.locked上锁的。根据空后“clothes thrown on the floor”可知，此处指凌乱的房间。故选C。
4．【句内层次】语境暗示题。句意：一方面，父母会因为凌乱的房间，扔在地板上的衣服和他们的孩子拒绝帮助做家务而发疯。A．homework作业；B.housework家务；C.problem难题；D.research研究，调查。根据语境可知，此处指孩子们拒绝做家务。故选B。
5．【句内层次】生活常识题。句意：另一方面，当父母责备他们把毛巾丢在浴室里，没有打扫房间，或者拒绝在超市购物时，青少年会不断地失去耐心。A．washing洗；B.using 使用；C.dropping落下；D.replacing更换，替代。根据空后“in the bathroom”可知，此处指毛巾扔进浴室，drop the towel“把毛巾掉在地上”。故选C。
6．【句组层次】原词复现题。句意：圣乔治大学的研究表明不同的父母对这些问题有不同的方法。A．approaches方法，途径；B.contributions贡献；C.introductions介绍，入门；D.attitudes态度，看法。根据下文“However, some approaches are more 7 than others.”可知，此处指不同的方法。故选A。
7．【语篇层次】逻辑推理题。句意：然而，一些方法比其他人的更成功。A．complex复杂的；B.popular受欢迎的；C.scientific科学的；D.successful成功的。根据下文可知，接下来列举了一些成功的父母的做法。故选D。
8．【句内层次】语篇暗示题。句意：例如，那些对孩子的不整洁大吼大叫，但后来却为他们打扫房间的父母，很少有机会改变孩子的行为。A．later后来；B.deliberately故意地；C.seldom很少；D.thoroughly彻底。语篇标志词but作了提示。故选A。
9．【句内层次】感彩题。句意：例如，那些对孩子的不整洁大吼大叫，但后来却为他们打扫房间的父母，很少有机会改变孩子的行为。A．behavior行为；B.taste味道；C.future未来；D.nature自然。孩子不改变行为是因为父母责备了他们，然后又帮他们收拾使孩子认为被批评了就可以不做了，自然行为得不到改变。故选A。
10．【句组层次】逻辑推理题。句意：根据后面可知，与此相反，那些让青少年体验他们的行为的结果的父母可以做得更好。A．failures失败；B.changes变化；C.consequences结果；D.thrills兴奋，震颤。根据下文“For example, when teenagers who don't help their parents with the shopping don't find their favorite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to 11 their actions.”可知，此处指让青少年体验他们的行为的结果。故选C。
11．【句内层次】语篇暗示题。句意：例如，当青少年不帮助他们的父母购物时，他们在冰箱里就找不到他们最喜爱的饮料，这样他们就被迫重新考虑他们的行动。A．defend防御；B.delay耽搁；C.repeat重复；D.reconsider重新考虑。根据语境可知，此处指青少年被迫重新考虑他们的行动。故选D。
12．【句组层次】近义复现题。句意：心理学家说交流是家长和孩子关系中最重要的事。A．communication交流；B.bond结合；C.friendship友谊；D.trust信任。根据下文“lend an ear to”可知，有沟通才会消除隔阂和误解。故选A。
13．【句内层次】固定搭配题。句意：父母应和子女交谈 ，但同时也应该听一听他们要说什么。A．reply回答；B.attend参加；C.attach附加，系；D.talk谈论。根据空后“at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say”可知，此处是talk to“和……交流”。故选D。
14．【句内层次】生活常识题。句意：当孩子们的房间凌乱时，父母可以责备他们，但他们也应该明白他们的房间是他们自己的私人空间。A．hate讨厌；B.scold责备；C.frighten 吓唬；D.stop停止。根据空后 “when they are untidy”和常识可知，父母会责备孩子们。故选B。
15．【语篇层次】首尾呼应题。句意：沟通是一个双向的过程。它只有通过倾听和理解对方，父母与子女之间的问题才可以得到解决。A．loving爱；B.observing观察；C.understanding理解；D.praising表扬。这是最后结论，照应开头。故选C。
第三步：重读文章，从逻辑上修正错误
初选之后，代入答案，把违背上下文逻辑关系的错误改正过来。(共32张PPT)
第三部分
语言运用精准篇
专题一 完形填空
考情分析·明方向
掌握攻略·巧破题
实战导引·点迷津
考情分析·明方向
年份 卷别 体裁 话题 考点 名词 动词 (短语) 形容词 副词 介词 (短语) 连词 感叹词 习语
2023 新高考Ⅰ卷 记叙文 越野赛中的善行义举 8 5 2 0 0 0 0 0
新高考Ⅱ卷 记叙文 助人为乐 3 7 4 1 0 0 0 0
年份 卷别 体裁 话题 考点 名词 动词 (短语) 形容词 副词 介词 (短语) 连词 感叹词 习语
2023 全国甲卷 记叙文 邻居送食物 4 8 7 0 1 0 0 0
全国乙卷 记叙文 美国黑人体操运动员Gabby Douglas 3 12 3 1 0 0 0 1
年份 卷别 体裁 话题 考点 名词 动词 (短语) 形容词 副词 介词 (短语) 连词 感叹词 习语
2022 新高考Ⅰ卷 记叙文 旅行过程中经历的趣事与冒险 5 5 3 1 1 0 0 0
新高考Ⅱ卷 记叙文 通过当看房人来做环球旅行 7 4 4 0 0 0 0 0
年份 卷别 体裁 话题 考点 名词 动词 (短语) 形容词 副词 介词 (短语) 连词 感叹词 习语
2022 全国甲卷 记叙文 因狗结缘，终成眷属 7 8 3 1 1 0 0 0
全国乙卷 说明文 彼此承认，相互尊重 7 7 4 2 0 0 0 0
年份 卷别 体裁 话题 考点 名词 动词 (短语) 形容词 副词 介词 (短语) 连词 感叹词 习语
2021 新高考Ⅰ卷 记叙文 假期打工 4 9 2 0 0 0 0 0
全国甲卷 记叙文 住酒店 4 10 4 1 0 0 0 1
全国乙卷 夹叙 夹议文 感谢他人的付出 6 10 1 2 0 0 1 0
年份 卷别 体裁 话题 考点 名词 动词 (短语) 形容词 副词 介词 (短语) 连词 感叹词 习语
命题 特点 1.选材趋势：以记叙文、夹叙夹议文为主，兼顾说明文和议论文。短文精悍，结构严谨，难度适中。 2．素养考查：主要考查考生的语言综合运用能力，包括词语辨析能力、语法结构分析能力、语篇理解能力、逻辑推理能力、文化背景透析能力、作者意图剖析能力和生活常识运用能力。 掌握攻略·巧破题
解题步骤
步骤1：细读首句，预测主题
完形填空所选短文首句通常不设空格，因此它往往是了解文章全貌的“窗口”；根据首句可判断文章体裁，推测文章大意，对理解全文有重要的启示作用。
步骤2：通览全文，掌握大意
做完形填空时考生应根据首句给予的提示，借助文中的关键词，全面理解全文大意。快速通读全文，理清脉络，抓住主线，做到全局在握是正确解答完形填空题的首要前提。
步骤3：瞻前顾后，先易后难
(1)瞻前顾后，不要忘记首尾照应。在注意到首句重要性的同时，也不要忽视尾句画龙点睛的作用。要牢记文章的中心思想，每个空格处的含义与前后句的意思要联系起来理解。文章最前面的空格提出的问题很有可能要到文章的末尾才能找到答案。
(2)先易后难，就是首先选出那些只根据上下文就能确定的、直接的、明显的答案，诸如固定词组、常见句型等。这就增强了信心，减轻了心理压力，以便集中精力解决难度较大的选项。
步骤4：复核验证，敲定答案
填空全部完成后，还要通读一遍，根据文章的中心思想以及各段落之间、前后句之间的内在逻辑关系，检查文章的整体；也可以从语法、词义、习惯用法、固定搭配、背景知识等方面进一步验证和修改答案。
实战导引·点迷津
(2023·新高考全国I卷)
In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka.They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 41 .They could not afford to pay for 42 for their dog, Tiffy, and 43 wanted to take her with them.
It just 44 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 45 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 46 Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy's owners, they seemed very 47 .George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 48 for him, having to leave his dog to a 49 and trust that everything would 50 .
After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 51 Tiffy into the plane.I promised to take care of Tiffy and 52 them as soon as we got to Kansas City.
The flight was 53 , and Tiffy was a great passenger.The next day, she 54 with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days.He was so 55 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
41.A．turn B．budget
C．schedule D．connection
42.A．food B．shelter
C．medicine D．transportation
43.A．desperately B．temporarily
C．secretly D．originally
44.A．appeared B．proved
C．happened D．showed
45.A．waited B．offered
C．hurried D．failed
46.A．see off B．look for
C．hand over D．pick up
47.A．confused B．nervous
C．annoyed D．curious
48.A．hard B．fine
C．common D．lucky
49.A．coworker B．passenger
C．stranger D．Neighbor
50.A．speed up B．work out
C．come back D．take off
51.A．feed B．follow
C．change D．load
52. A．call B．join
C．leave D．serve
53.A．unnecessary B．unexpected
C．unavoidable D．uneventful
54.A．returned B．fought
C．flew D．agreed
55.A．thankful B．generous
C．proud D．sympathetic
【解题导引】
第一步：细读首句，预测主题
由首句“In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka.”可知，作者在网站上看到一个家庭发的帖子，引出“帮助某家庭”的话题。
第二步：通览全文，掌握大意
文章讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。
第三步：细品原文，精析选项
(一)先易后难，以下题目，在第一遍阅读时，即可选出
44．C 45.B 52.A
(二)运用恰当的策略答题
(1)根据上下文语境关系解题
41．考查名词辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A.turn转折点；B.budget预算；C.schedule时间表；D.connection联系。根据下文“They could not afford to pay for 42 for their dog, Tiffy”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。
42．考查名词辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A.food食物；B.shelter庇护；C.medicine药；D.transportation交通。根据上文“They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 41 .”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费。故选D。
43．考查副词辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。 A．desperately非常，拼命地；B.temporarily暂时地；C.secretly秘密地；D.originally起初。根据空后“wanted to take her with them”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。
47．考查形容词辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A.confused困惑的；B.nervous紧张的；C.annoyed恼怒的；D.curious好奇的。根据下文“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 48 for him, having to leave his dog to a 49 and trust that everything would 50 .”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。
(2)根据逻辑关系，运用语境暗示法解题
48．考查形容词辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A.hard困难的；B.fine好的；C.common常见的；D.lucky幸运的。根据空前“was trying to be calm”以及空后“having to leave his dog to a 49 and trust that everything would 50 ”可知，把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A。
49．考查名词辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A.coworker合作者；B.passenger乘客；C.stranger陌生人；D.neighbor邻居。根据空前“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 48 for him”可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C。
50．考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A.speed up加速；B.work out解决；C.come back回来；D.take off起飞。根据空前“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 48 for him”可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。
(3)根据上下文逻辑关系，运用文章发展脉络法解题
54．考查动词辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那里。 A．returned返回；B.fought打仗；C.flew飞；D.agreed同意。根据上文“It just 44 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 45 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。
55．考查形容词辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A.thankful感激的；B.generous慷慨的；C.proud骄傲的；D.sympathetic同情的。通读全文，再根据空后“and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures”可知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。故选A。
(4)根据上下文逻辑关系，运用背景常识法解题
46．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A.see off为……送行；B.look for寻找；C.hand over移交；D.pick up接载。根据空前“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。
(三)集中精力解决难度较大的选项
51．考查动词辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A.feed喂养；B.follow跟随；C.change改变；D.load装载。根据“Tiffy into the plane”可知，作者让George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。load into装入。故选D。
53．考查形容词辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A.unnecessary没有必要的；B.unexpected意想不到的；C.unavoidable不可避免的；D.uneventful太平无事的。根据空后“Tiffy was a great passenger”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。
第四步：复核验证，敲定答案
将部分答案代入原文，再次对文章进行逻辑和语境方面的审核，确保无误。(共211张PPT)
第三部分
语言运用精准篇
专题一 完形填空
专题模拟训练(完形填空)
完形填空(一)
A
(2023·湖南省株洲市高三一模)
Hungry and thirsty on our way home, my young sister and I came across a splendid plum tree with bright reddish fruit.It belonged to an elderly disabled lady known for giving 1. in return for an errand(差事)．
We knocked on her door asking for some plums in payment for 2. an errand.The lady smiled and gave us two 3. baskets.When we filled the baskets with the ripest plums we picked, she handed us a bag with fresh meat, rice and dried beans.“Take this bag and one basket of plums to the Gomez family on the top of this hill, 4. with their payment and you will
5. yours.”
With great expectations to get our plums after the errand, we rushed to the Gomez home.Mrs.Gomez 6. the door with three little children behind her.Her husband was sick in bed and times were 7. .We told her our intention 8. .She didn't seem 9. but appreciated it with the payment, a large envelope stuffed full.Could the Gomez 10. to pay so much for the food It looked like much money.Our 11. wasn't cleared until we handed the
envelope to the plum lady.“Lovely！” The lady said in delight as she pulled the 12. out of the envelope.In her hands were colorful drawings from the Gomez children, the Gomez's payment for her food.My sister and I 13. each other and broke out in smiles.
As we walked home, we enjoyed the 14. from the lady.The juice running down our arms was as sweet and warm as the 15. we had inside.
1.A．juice B．rice
C．meat D．fruit
2.A．rejecting B．cancelling
C．offering D．running
3.A．large B．clean
C．empty D．firm
4.A．depart B．return
C．survive D．travel
5.A．make B．purchase
C．obtain D．increase
6.A．locked B．answered
C．decorated D．painted
7.A．hard B．changeable
C．different D．unsettled
8.A．doubtfully B．patiently
C．helplessly D．secretly
9.A．annoyed B．injured
C．disappointed D．surprised
10.A．afford B．refuse
C．expect D．accept
11.A．cheque B．appointment
C．confusion D．baskets
12.A．contents B．notes
C．stamps D．letters
13.A．calmed down B．competed with
C．approved of D．looked at
14.A．assistance B．treat
C．company D．comfort
15.A．wish B．promise
C．feeling D．appetite
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和妹妹为了得到梅子，帮助一位女士跑腿，结果看到这位女士帮助Gomez一家，报酬只是孩子的画，感到温暖和甜蜜。
1．D 考查名词辨析。句意：它属于一位年老的残疾女士，以送水果换取差事而闻名。A．juice果汁；B.rice大米；C.meat肉；D.fruit水果。根据上文“Hungry and thirsty on our way home, my young sister and I came across a splendid plum tree with bright reddish fruit.”可知，梅子树属于这位女士，所以女士用水果换取差事。故选D。
2．D 考查动词辨析。句意：我们敲开她的门，要一些梅子作为她跑腿的报酬。A．rejecting拒收；B.cancelling取消；C.offering供应；D.running运行，跑。根据上文“It belonged to an elderly disabled lady known for giving 1. in return for an errand(差事)”可知，这位女士会以送水果换取差事，所以作者和妹妹希望要一些梅子作为她跑腿的报酬。故选D。
3．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：那位女士笑了笑，给了我们两个空篮子。当我们把摘的最成熟的梅子装满篮子时，她递给我们一袋鲜肉、大米和干豆子。A．large大的；B.clean干净的；C.empty空的；D.firm坚固的。根据下文“When we filled the baskets with the ripest plums we picked”可知，之后作者和妹妹用篮子装满了梅子，所以开始给的是空篮子。故选C。
4．B 考查动词辨析。句意：把这个袋子和一篮子李子带到山顶上的Gomez家，带着他们的钱回来，你们就会得到你们的。A．depart离开；B.return返回；C.survive幸存；D.travel旅行。根据下文“It looked like much money.Our 11. wasn't cleared until we handed the envelope to the plum lady.”可知，作者和妹妹需要带着钱回到梅子女士家。故选B。
5．C 考查动词辨析。句意：把这个袋子和一篮子李子带到山顶上的Gomez家，带着他们的钱回来，你们就会得到你们的。A．make制作；B.purchase购买；C.obtain获得；D.increase提高。根据上文“We knocked on her door asking for some plums in payment for 2. an errand.”可知，作者和妹妹希望通过跑腿换水果，所以他们把钱带回来，就能得到自己的报酬。故选C。
6．B 考查动词辨析。句意：戈麦斯太太开了门，身后有三个小孩。A．locked锁上；B.answered回答；C.decorated装饰；D.painted刷油漆。根据上文“With great expectations to get our plums after the errand, we rushed to the Gomez home.”可知，作者和妹妹赶去了Gomez家，所以此处是Mrs.Gomez开门，answered the door是固定搭配，意为“应门”。故选B。
7．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：她丈夫卧病在床，日子过得很艰难。A．hard困苦的；B.changeable可变的；C.different不同的；D.unsettled多变的。根据上文“Mrs.Gomez 6. the door with three little children behind her.Her husband was sick in bed”可知，Gomez家有三个孩子，丈夫还卧病在床，所以是日子过得很艰难。故选A。
8．B 考查副词辨析。句意：我们耐心地告诉了她我们的打算，她似乎并不惊讶，而是用一个塞满了钱的大信封表示感谢。A．doubtfully迟疑地；B.patiently耐心地；C.helplessly无助地；D.secretly秘密地。根据上文“Take this bag and one basket of plums to the Gomez family on the top of this hill, 4. with their payment and you will 5. yours.”可知，梅子女士要求作者和妹妹给Gomez一家送食物，并拿回钱，之后他们就能获得梅子，事情有点绕，所以需要耐心解释。故选B。
9．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：我们耐心地告诉了她我们的打算，她似乎并不惊讶，而是用一个塞满了钱的大信封表示感谢。A．annoyed恼怒的；B.injured受伤的；C.disappointed失望的；D.surprised惊讶的。根据上文“We told her our intention”以及下文“but appreciated it with the payment”中的转折可知，对于作者和妹妹到来的目的并不惊讶，而是用一个塞满了钱的大信封表示感谢。故选D。
10．A 考查动词辨析。句意：Gomez一家付得起这么多钱买食物吗？A．afford支付得起；B.refuse拒绝；C.expect预料；D.accept接受。根据上文“Her husband was sick in bed and times were 7. .”可知，作者看到Gomez一家的情况，猜想是否能付得起这么多钱买食物。故选A。
11．C 考查名词辨析。句意：我们的困惑直到我们把信封递给那位梅子女士才消除。A．cheque支票；B.appointment约定；C.confusion困惑；D.baskets篮子。根据上文“Could the Gomez 10. to pay so much for the food？”可知，作者对Gomez一家是否能付得起这么多钱买食物而有疑问，所以是困惑的。故选C。
12．A 考查名词辨析。句意：“可爱！”这位女士高兴地说，她把里面的东西从信封里抽出来。A．contents所含之物；B.notes笔记；C.stamps邮票；D.letters信。根据下文“In her hands were colorful drawings from the Gomez children, the Gomez's payment for her food.”可知，是女士把信封里的东西拿出来，是Gomez家的孩子画的画。故选A。
13．D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和妹妹面面相觑，笑了起来。A．calmed down冷静下来；B.competed with与……竞争；C.approved of赞同；D.looked at看。根据上文“Could the Gomez 10. to pay so much for the food It looked like much money.”以及“In her hands were colorful drawings from the Gomez children, the Gomez's payment for her food.”可知，作者和妹妹担心Gomez一家是否有足够的钱，结果他们是用小孩的画支付，所以作者和妹妹感到惊讶，面面相觑。故选D。
14．B 考查名词辨析。句意：在回家的路上，我们享受着这位女士的款待。A．assistance帮助；B.treat款待；C.company公司；D.comfort安慰。根据上文“Take this bag and one basket of plums to the Gomez family on the top of this hill, 4. with their payment and you will
5. yours.”可知，作者和妹妹完成了梅子女士的跑腿任务，获得了梅子，所以是享受着这位女士的款待。故选B。
15．C 考查名词辨析。句意：流淌在我们手臂上的果汁就像我们内心的感觉一样甜蜜温暖。A．wish希望；B.promise诺言；C.feeling感觉；D.appetite食欲。根据上文可知Gomez一家过得很艰难，而梅子女士帮助他们，报酬只是Gomez家孩子的画，梅子女士的善举，让作者很感动，内心感到温暖和甜蜜，所以此处是表达“内心的感觉”之意。故选C。
B
(2023·吉林省白山市高三三模)
As a doctor at Duke University Hospital, I met Beth five years ago.Her husband had just driven her to the hospital to have a brain tumor(肿瘤) 1. .Beth's surgery went 2. , but after several dozen days, preparing to go home, she started to complain of a 3. .It turned out brain swelling(肿胀), which was 4. to treat and required her to spend several more days in the hospital.Fortunately, she recovered well.The day she left, she was 5. .
A few weeks later, she 6. to the hospital with a cake she had baked for everyone who had 7. her while she was in hospital.But the next night, her brain swelling suddenly got worse.This time, she could no longer: respond 8. .We took her in for emergency surgery.
Given how 9. the brain swelling was, I decided she needed to stay in hospital for close 10. during her treatment.As she was making progress, her husband was always at her 11. .
However, it was not long before the unexpected happened.A flood 12. away the road he had to take to get to the hospital.That made it impossible for him to go to the hospital for a visit.So he called me.I promised him that I would 13. Beth every day and call him to let him know her 14. .To my delight, the conversation gave him great satisfaction.He expressed his 15. to me.But I thought it was something I needed to do and I was happy to give him some help.
1.A．explained B．prevented
C．removed D．recorded
2.A．smoothly B．frequently
C．poorly D．directly
3.A．thought B．reputation
C．headache D．disaster
4.A．original B．interesting
C．negative D．difficult
5.A．successful B．faithful
C．doubtful D．cheerful
6.A．returned B．objected
C．appealed D．contributed
7.A．called on B．cared for
C．brought up D．come across
8.A．normally B．slowly
C．legally D．sincerely
9.A．common B．boring
C．serious D．crazy
10.A．consultation B．examination
C．discussion D．protection
11.A．heart B．home
C．fault D．side
12.A．washed B．passed
C．gave D．took
13.A．ask B．visit
C．teach D．inform
14.A．consequence B．competence
C．character D．condition
15.A．attitudes B．appreciation
C．expectations D．influence
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了贝丝生病住院，因洪水冲垮道路，她丈夫无法前往医院进行探望。作为贝丝的医生，作者提出每天和她丈夫联系，并告诉他贝丝的病情。
1．C 考查动词辨析。句意：她的丈夫刚开车送她到医院切除脑部肿瘤。A．explained解释；B.prevented阻止；C.removed去除，摘下；D.recorded记录。根据上文“Her husband had just driven her to the hospital to have a brain tumor(肿瘤)”以及下文“Beth's surgery went 2. ”可知，此处表示到医院切除脑部肿瘤。故选C。
2．A 考查副词辨析。句意：贝丝的手术进展顺利，但几十天后，在准备回家时，她开始抱怨头疼。A．smoothly顺利地；B.frequently经常；C.poorly糟糕地；D.directly直接地。根据下文“but after several dozen days, preparing to go home, she started to complain of a 3. ”可知，贝丝的手术进展顺利。故选A。
3．C 考查名词辨析。句意：贝丝的手术进展顺利，但几十天后，在准备回家时，她开始抱怨头疼。A．thought思想；B.reputation声誉；C.headache头痛；D.disaster灾难。根据下文“It turned out brain swelling(肿胀)”可知，此处表示贝丝抱怨头疼。故选C。
4．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：结果证明是脑部肿胀，这很难治疗，需要她在医院多待几天。A．original起初的；B.interesting有趣的；C.negative消极的；D.difficult困难的。根据下文“and required her to spend several more days in the hospital”可知，脑部肿胀很难治疗，所以需要贝丝在医院多待几天。故选D。
5．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：离开的那天，她很高兴。A．successful成功的；B.faithful忠实的；C.doubtful可疑的；D.cheerful高兴的。根据上文“Fortunately, she recovered well.”可知，贝丝恢复得好，所以离开医院的时候，她很高兴。故选D。
6．A 考查动词辨析。句意：几周后，她回到医院，拿着她为住院期间照顾她的每个人烤的蛋糕。A．returned返回；B.objected反对；C.appealed上诉；D.contributed贡献。根据上文“Fortunately, she recovered well.The day she left, she was 5. .”以及下文“to the hospital with a cake”可知，出院后，贝丝带着蛋糕返回医院。故选A。
7．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：几周后，她回到医院，拿着她为住院期间照顾她的每个人烤的蛋糕。A．called on呼吁；B.cared for照顾；C.brought up抚养；D.come across偶然遇见。根据下文“her while she was in hospital”以及常识可知，在贝丝住院时，照顾过她的每个人。故选B。
8．A 考查副词辨析。句意：这一次，她无法再做出正常反应了。A．normally正常地；B.slowly缓慢地；C.legally合法地；D.sincerely真诚地。根据上文“But the next night, her brain swelling suddenly got worse.”以及下文“We took her in for emergency surgery。”可知，贝丝无法做出正常反应，被带去做急诊手术。故选A。
9．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：考虑到脑肿胀有多么严重，我决定她需要住院接受治疗期间的仔细检查。A．common普通的；B.boring令人厌倦的；C.serious严重的；D.crazy疯狂的。根据下文“I decided she needed to stay in hospital for close 10. during her treatment.”可知，贝丝的脑部肿胀非常严重，需要住院。故选C。
10．B 考查名词辨析。句意：考虑到脑肿胀有多么严重，我决定她需要住院接受治疗期间的仔细检查。A．consultation咨询；B.examination检查；C.discussion讨论；D.protection保护。根据上文“Given how 9. the brain swelling was, I decided she needed to stay in hospital for close”以及常识可知，病人住院期间需要接受仔细检查。故选B。
11．D 考查名词辨析。句意：当她有进展时，她的丈夫总是在她身边。A．heart心；B.home家；C.fault过失；D.side边。根据上文“Her husband had just driven her to the hospital to have a brain tumor(肿瘤) 1. .”以及下文“A flood 12. away the road he had to take to get to the hospital.”可知，贝丝的丈夫一直陪在贝丝身边，at one's side表示“在某人身边”。故选D。
12．A 考查动词辨析。句意：洪水冲垮了他去医院的路。A．washed冲刷；B.passed通过；C.gave给；D.took拿。根据下文“away the road he had to take to get to the hospital”以及语境可知，洪水冲垮了贝丝的丈夫去医院的路。故选A。
13．B 考查动词辨析。句意：我答应他我会每天去看望贝丝，并给他打电话让他知道她的健康状况。A．ask问；B.visit看望；C.teach教；D.inform通知。根据下文“Beth every day and call him to let him know her 14. .”可知，作者答应每天去看望贝丝。故选B。
14．D 考查名词辨析。句意：我答应他我会每天去看望贝丝，并给他打电话让他知道她的健康状况。A．consequence后果；B.competence能力；C.character特点；D.condition健康状况。根据上文“Given how 9. the brain swelling was, I decided she needed to stay in hospital for close 10. during her treatment.”可知，贝丝在住院治疗，贝丝的丈夫想要了解的是贝丝的健康状况。故选D。
15．B 考查名词辨析。句意：他向我表示了感激。A．attitudes态度；B.appreciation感激；C.expectations期望；D.influence影响。根据上文“I promised him that I would 13. Beth every day and call him to let him know her 14. .”以及下文“But I thought it was something I needed to do and I was happy to give him some help.”可知，贝丝的丈夫很感激作者的帮助，向作者表达感激。故选B。
C
(2023·福建省福州市高三二模)
Amy is an owner of a small business with a very beautiful mission.A doll 1. since childhood, she has created A Doll Like Me.
The aim of this 2. is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or 3. conditions.Amy created such dolls to make the children feel needed and 4. .To do so, Amy goes out of her way to make each doll 5. the child.Each doll is unique, 6. they still have one thing in common—all dolls wear a smile.Not only beautiful, the dolls make a 7. in the lives of hundreds of children.
“Typically, parents pay for the dolls—about $100 with shipping per doll.When they can't afford it, I'll find a way to 8. it myself.Whatever it costs, whatever I have to do, I'm going to get a doll in the 9. of these children.”
A Doll Like Me has provided over 300 dolls so far which have been 10. to children all around the world.Amy's 11. goal is to turn her small business into an official non-profit organization where every child in need could get their one-of-a-kind doll 12. .
And many people are responding 13. to her mission, as she has already reached $38,000 out of $50,000 goal on GoFund.me.Amy is already cooperating with a children's 14. to make it easier to identify kids whose well-being could be 15. by a stuffed toy which looks just like them!
1.A．designer B．creator
C．collector D．trader
2.A．project B．idea
C．research D．technology
3.A．rare B．good
C．ripe D．extreme
4.A．tired B．available
C．powerful D．included
5.A．work with B．look like
C．accept D．recognize
6.A．yet B．so
C．because D．or
7.A．wish B．deal
C．plan D．difference
8.A．win B．cover
C．sell D．use
9.A．friends B．eyes
C．hands D．dreams
10.A．awarded B．shipped
C．returned D．mentioned
11.A．open B．common
C．final D．commercial
12.A．in person B．for fun
C．free of charge D．full of hope
13.A．calmly B．honestly
C．politely D．kindly
14.A．school B．toyshop
C．shelter D．hospital
15.A．sponsored B．improved
C．guaranteed D．supported
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了Amy创建了一个公司项目，为残疾的或有罕见疾病的孩子定制跟孩子有相同特征的娃娃，使孩子感到自己被需要、被包容，从而对其生活产生积极影响。
1．C 考查名词辨析。句意：她从小就是娃娃收藏家，她创建了“像我一样的娃娃”(这个项目)。A．designer设计师；B.creator创造者；C.collector收藏家；D.trader商人。根据句中的“since childhood”可知，Amy从小收藏洋娃娃，是一个洋娃娃收藏家。故选C。
2．A 考查名词辨析。句意：这个项目的目的是创造出与残疾或罕见疾病的主人具有相同特征的娃娃。A．project项目；B.idea理念；C.research研究；D.technology技术。根据上文“Amy is an owner of a small business with a very beautiful mission.A doll 1. since childhood, she has created A Doll Like Me.”可知，Amy的公司有一个项目，A Doll Like Me，是一个为患残疾或罕见病的孩子制作洋娃娃的项目。故选A。
3．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：这个项目的目的是创造出与残疾或罕见疾病的主人具有相同特征的娃娃。A．rare稀有的；B.good好的；C.ripe成熟的；D.extreme极端的。根据下文“A Doll Like Me has provided over 300 dolls so far which have been 10. to children all around the world.”可知，世界各地生病的孩子有很多，不是生病的孩子就可以得到娃娃，说明得到娃娃的是患有罕见疾病的孩子。故选A。
4．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：艾米创造这样的娃娃是为了让孩子们感到被需要和被包容。A．tired疲惫的；B.available可用的；C.powerful强大的；D.included包括在内的。根据上文“The aim of this 2. is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or 3. conditions.”可知，身患残疾或某些罕见疾病的孩子，身体特征与其他孩子不同，再根据下文“To do so, Amy goes out of her way to make each doll 5. the child.Each doll is unique, 6. they still have one thing in common—all dolls wear a smile.”可知，这些娃娃的身体特征和生病的或者残疾的孩子一样，使孩子产生同理心，通过陪伴娃娃，孩子产生被需要和被包容的感觉，从而开心起来。故选D。
5．B 考查动词(短语)辨析。句意：艾米想尽办法让每个娃娃看起来都像这个孩子。A．work with与……共事；B.look like看起来像；C.accept接受；D.recognize识别。根据上文“The aim of this 2. is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or 3. conditions.”可知，Amy制作的娃娃的身体特征像定制娃娃的孩子。故选B。
6．A 考查连词辨析。句意：每个娃娃都是独一无二的，但它们有一个共同点——所有的娃娃都带着微笑。A．yet然而；B.so所以；C.because因为；D.or或。根据上文“The aim of this 2. is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or 3. conditions.Amy created such dolls to make the children feel needed and 4. .”可知，那些孩子有疾病或者残疾，可能生活中感到孤独，被排挤，导致心情不好，和本句中all dolls wear a smile为转折关系。故选A。
7．D 考查名词辨析。句意：这些娃娃不仅漂亮，还改变了数百个孩子的生活。A．wish希望；B.deal交易；C.plan计划；D.difference差异。根据上文“Amy created such dolls to make the children feel needed and 4. .”可知，拥有娃娃以后的孩子感受到被需要，被包容，对孩子产生了好的影响。短语make a difference，意为“有影响，有关系”。故选D。
8．B 考查动词辨析。句意：当他们付不起的时候，我会想办法自己支付。 A．win赢；B.cover支付；C.sell出售；D.use使用。根据上文“Typically, parents pay for the dolls—about $100 with shipping per doll.(通常情况下，父母支付每个娃娃大约100美元的运费。)”，以及“When they can't afford it”可知，Amy帮助无支付能力的父母买单。故选B。
9．C 考查名词辨析。句意：无论付出什么代价，无论我必须做什么，我都要让这些孩子们手里有一个娃娃。A．friends朋友；B.eyes眼睛；C.hands手；D.dreams梦想。根据下文“Amy's 11. goal is to turn her small business into an official non-profit organization where every child in need could get their one-of-a-kind doll 12. .”可知，这个项目的目标是每个有需要的孩子手头都有一个娃娃。故选C。
10．B 考查动词辨析。句意：到目前为止，“像我这样的娃娃”(这个项目)已经提供了300多个娃娃，这些娃娃已经被运送到世界各地的孩子们手中。A．awarded授予；B.shipped发货；C.returned返回；D.mentioned提及。根据句中的“children all around the world”可知，需要娃娃的孩子来自世界各地，Amy把完成了的娃娃运送出去。故选B。
11．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：艾米的最终目标是把她的小生意变成一个正式的非营利组织，每个有需要的孩子都可以免费得到他们独一无二的玩具。A．open开放的；B.common普通的；C.final最终的；D.commercial商业的。根据句中的“turn her small business into an official non-profit organization”可知，把项目做大做强，发展成正式的非营利组织是Amy的终极目标。故选C。
12．C 考查介词短语辨析。句意：艾米的最终目标是把她的小生意变成一个正式的非营利组织，每个有需要的孩子都可以免费得到他们独一无二的玩具。A．in person亲自；B.for fun为了好玩；C.free of charge免费；D.full of hope充满希望。根据上文“Typically, parents pay for the dolls—about $100 with shipping per doll.When they can't afford it, I'll find a way to 8. it myself.”可知，起步阶段，每个娃娃是收费的，Amy希望可以在将来能让有需求的孩子免费得到一个娃娃。故选C。
13．D 考查副词辨析。句意：许多人都对她的任务做出了友好的回应，因为她已经在GoFund.me上(筹到)了5万美元的目标中的3.8万美元。A．calmly冷静地；B.honestly诚实地；C.politely礼貌地；D.kindly友善地。根据本句后半句可知，Amy的目标为5万美元，现在已经达到3.8万，说明很多人对这事很友善，愿意帮忙。故选D。
14．D 考查名词辨析。句意：艾米已经在和一家儿童医院合作，以更容易识别出那些健康状况可以通过一个看起来像他们的填充玩具来改善的孩子！A．school学校；B.toyshop玩具店；C.shelter庇护所；D.hospital医院。根据上文“The aim of this 2. is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or
3. conditions.”可知，得到娃娃的孩子身患罕见疾病或残疾，这些孩子可能会在儿童医院。故选D。
15．B 考查动词辨析。句意：艾米已经在和一家儿童医院合作，以更容易识别出那些健康状况可以通过一个看起来像他们的填充玩具来改善的孩子！A．sponsored赞助；B.improved改进；C.guaranteed保证；D.supported支持。根据上文“The aim of this 2. is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or 3. conditions.Amy created such dolls to make the children feel needed and 4. .”和“Not only beautiful, the dolls make a 7. in the lives of hundreds of children.”可知，因为娃娃的陪伴，生病的或者残疾的孩子内心有被需要、被包容的感觉，从而影响其心情，改善了健康状况。故选B。
完形填空(二)
A
(2023·山西省三重教育高考考前模拟)
Science isn't only a way to learn about the world, but it can be a way to make the world a better place.The desire to help others drove Kamisi to use science to boost the 1. of people in her communities.
Kamisi, aged 17, aimed to improve 2. for sickle cell disease (镰状细胞贫血病)．This disease 3. red blood cells to sickle, which makes it hard for those cells to 4. oxygen throughout the body.Natural chemicals called flavonoids(类黄酮) were known to 5. this slicking.By changing the chemical structure, she was able to boost their anti-sicking 6. .
Her family is Nigerian and this disease mainly 7. people of Western African origin.One day she was on a walk with her mother, and they were talking about a friend who was 8. battling this disease.And her mother was telling her about the people who had it.She was 9. about them.When Kamisi had the opportunity to do research at school, the young girl immediately 10. that it was time for her to study this disease.
The hardest part was that she had no 11. experience with science projects like this.She had the 12. to continue trying different things when they weren't working.“I think the most important thing is to hold the 13. that I'm capable of doing many things.I had to believe that my work is worth something and 14. ，” Kamisi says.
Now, Kamisi is also trying changing flavonoid from vegetables.She hopes to 15. the powers of her chemicals over longer periods of time.
1.A．health B．wealth
C．happiness D．confidence
2.A．development B．condition
C．treatment D．standard
3.A．accompanies B．allows
C．signals D．causes
4.A．carry B．change
C．make D．consume
5.A．relax B．reduce
C．assist D．worsen
6.A．directions B．features
C．aspects D．powers
7.A．affects B．favors
C．touches D．attracts
8.A．regularly B．currently
C．suddenly D．slowly
9.A．disappointed B．excited
C．concerned D．frightened
10.A．decided B．announced
C．commented D．responded
11.A．latest B．previous
C．precious D．possible
12.A．resolution B．opportunity
C．schedule D．session
13.A．permission B．record
C．attitude D．faith
14.A．profitable B．valuable
C．reliable D．reasonable
15.A．make up B．get down
C．test out D．leave behind
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Kamisi致力于用科学方法改善镰形细胞贫血病治疗方法的故事。
1．A 考查名词辨析。句意：帮助他人的愿望促使Kamisi利用科学来增强社区人们的健康。A．health健康；B.wealth财富；C.happiness幸福；D.confidence信心。根据下文内容可知，Kamisi想利用科学改善贫血的治疗方法，即改善社区居民的健康。故选A。
2．C 考查名词辨析。句意：Kamisi,17岁，旨在改善镰状细胞病的治疗。A．development发展；B.condition条件；C.treatment治疗；D.standard标准。根据“sickle cell disease(镰状细胞贫血病)”可知，此处是指改善该疾病的治疗。故选C。
3．D 考查动词辨析。句意：这种疾病会导致红细胞镰刀状，使这些细胞很难将氧气输送到全身。A．accompanies陪同；B.allows允许；C.signals示意；D.causes造成。根据常识和空后“red blood cells to sickle”可知，镰状细胞贫血病会导致红细胞呈镰刀状。故选D。
4．A 考查动词辨析。句意：这种疾病会导致红细胞镰刀状，使这些细胞很难将氧气输送到全身。A．carry携带；B.change改变；C.make制作；D.consume消费，消耗。根据常识和空后“oxygen throughout the body”可知，贫血病患者的红细胞变成镰刀形状后，无法在体内正常输送氧气。故选A。
5．B 考查动词辨析。句意：已知一种名为黄酮类化合物的天然化学物质可以减少这种镰刀状现象。A．relax放松；B.reduce减少；C.assist协助；D.worsen恶化。根据“Natural chemicals called flavonoids(类黄酮)”可知，这种天然药物能减少红细胞变成镰刀状的风险。故选B。
6．D 考查名词辨析。句意：通过改变化学结构，她能够增强它们的抗病能力。A．directions方向；B.features特点；C.aspects方面；D.powers能力。根据上文“Natural chemicals called flavonoids (类黄酮) were known to 5. this sickling.”和下文“the powers of her chemicals over longer periods of time”可知，通过改变类黄酮的化学结构，它的药效会得到很大的提升。故选D。
7．A 考查动词辨析。句意：她的家人是尼日利亚人，这种疾病主要侵袭西非血统的人。A．affects影响，侵袭；B.favors赞同，有利于；C.touches触摸，感动；D.attracts吸引。根据下文“and they were talking about a friend who was 8. battling this disease.And her mother was telling her about the people who had it.”可知，这种病主要侵袭有西非血统的人。故选A。
8．B 考查副词辨析。句意：有一天，她和母亲散步，他们正在谈论一位正在与这种疾病作斗争的朋友。A．regularly经常，有规律地；B.currently目前；C.suddenly突然；D.slowly缓慢地。根据空前“they were talking about a friend”和空后“battling this disease”可知，Kamisi的母亲提起一个正患镰形细胞贫血病的朋友。故选B。
9．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：她很担心他们。A．disappointed失望的；B.excited兴奋的；C.concerned担心的，关心的；D.frightened害怕的，恐惧的。根据下文“that it was time for her to study this disease”可知，Kamisi非常担心那些患镰状细胞贫血病的人。故选C。
10．A 考查动词辨析。句意：当Kamisi有机会在学校做研究时，这个年轻女孩立即决定是时候研究这种疾病了。A．decided决定；B.announced宣布；C.commented评论；D.responded回应。根据下文“The hardest part was that she had no 11. experience with science projects like this.”可知，Kamisi决定研究这种疾病。故选A。
11．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：最困难的是，她以前没有这样的科学项目的经验。A．latest最新的；B.previous从前的；C.precious珍贵的；D.possible可能的。根据空前“The hardest part”可知，最难的部分是Kamisi以前没有这样的科学项目的经验。故选B。
12．A 考查名词辨析。句意：她下定决心在不同的事情不起作用的时候继续尝试。A．resolution决心；B.opportunity机会；C.schedule安排，日程；D.session会议。根据空后“continue trying different things”可知，Kamisi对于自己的研究是有决心的。故选A。
13．D 考查名词辨析。句意：我认为最重要的是要相信我有能力做很多事情。A．permission允许，许可；B.record记录；C.attitude态度；D.faith信念，信任。根据空后“that I'm capable of doing many things”可知，Kamisi认为最重要的事情就是相信自己有做好许多事情的能力。故选D。
14．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：Kamisi说：“我必须相信我的工作是有价值的。”A．profitable有利可图的；B.valuable珍贵的；C.reliable可靠的；D.reasonable合理的。根据上文故事可知，Kamisi的研究是为了帮助那些患镰状细胞贫血的人，因此她提醒自己要相信自己的工作是有价值的。故选B。
15．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她希望能在更长的时间内测试出化学物质的威力。A．make up组成，编造；B.get down记下，写下；C.test out测试；D.leave behind抛下，把……抛在身后。根据上文“Now, Kamisi is also trying changing flavonoids from vegetables.”和下文“the powers of her chemicals over longer periods of time”可知，Kamisi希望能够试验从植物提取的天然类黄酮的功效。故选C。
B
(2023·湖南省岳阳市高三二模)
On a flight from Dallas, Texas, to Cincinnati, Ohio, to visit a friend in 2008, event planner Paige Chenault daydreamed about the well-designed birthday parties she'd throw for her daughter one day.Then, flipping through a magazine, she saw a photo of a poor Haitian boy.“I think, this kid has 1. ，” Paige says.
The image stayed with her, and she 2. to do something to help.“I decided I would use my talents to 3. birthday parties for homeless kids，” Paige says.
For the next four years, Paige and her husband, Colin, took time out from 4. to visit 5. to determine how best to pull off the parties.
Finally, in January 2012, Paige 6. the Birthday Party Project and called for friends and family to help 7. Dallas's 75-occupant Family Gateway Shelter with balloons and streamers, celebrating the birthdays of 11 boys and girls, with 60 more homeless kids 8. .“That first party was better than I could have ever 9. ，” says Paige.
Now Paige and her 10. of three paid employees work with regional volunteers, aka “birthday enthusiasts” to plan 11. themed parties at 15 shelters across the country, some of which house abused or 12. kids.Each child celebrating a birthday that month gets a $30 gift, a decorative place mat, and an individual cake or cupcake.
One of Paige's favorite parts of each party is when the kids make a wish and 13. the candles.“They 14. get a chance to dream big，” says Paige.
Her daughter, Lizzie, now seven, often helps out at the parties.Paige says, “The one thing I've always wanted is for my kid to be 15. .Our actions speak louder than words.”
1.A．everything B．nothing
C．anything D．something
2.A．persuaded B．appealed
C．resolved D．preferred
3.A．take B．get
C．turn D．throw
4.A．parenthood B．childhood
C．neighborhood D．brotherhood
5.A．communities B．shelters
C．factories D．hospitals
6.A．approved B．designed
C．launched D．submitted
7.A．decorate B．charge
C．compete D．link
8.A．in bed B．in surprise
C．in attendance D．in danger
9.A．admitted B．regarded
C．claimed D．imagined
10.A．audience B．family
C．staff D．class
11.A．monthly B．daily
C．yearly D．weekly
12.A．trapped B．abandoned
C．adopted D．distinguished
13.A．cut out B．carry out
C．hand out D．blow out
14.A．usually B．frequently
C．rarely D．occasionally
15.A．optimistic B．generous
C．reliable D．humble
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。2008年，在从得克萨斯州达拉斯飞往俄亥俄州辛辛那提看望朋友的航班上，活动策划人佩吉·切诺特梦想着有一天能为女儿举办盛大的生日派对。她翻阅一本杂志，看到了一张照片，照片上是一个贫穷的海地男孩，瘦骨嶙峋，于是就开始了帮助那些孩子们的行动。
1．B 考查代词辨析。句意：Paige说：“我想，这个孩子什么都没有。”A．everything每件事；B.nothing没有什么；C.anything任何事；D.something某物。根据前文“she saw a photo of a poor Haitian boy”可知，她看到一个贫穷的男孩，所以认为男孩什么都没有。故选B。
2．C 考查动词辨析。句意：这个画面一直萦绕在她的脑海里，她决心做点什么来帮助他。A．persuaded劝说；B.appealed上诉；C.resolved下定决心；D.preferred较喜欢。根据后文“I decided I would use my talents to 3. birthday parties for homeless kids”可知，Paige决定去帮助男孩。故选C。
3．D 考查动词辨析。句意：Paige说：“我决定用我的才能为无家可归的孩子们举办生日派对。”A．take取走；B.get得到；C.turn转动；D.throw举行(聚会)。根据下文“determine how best to pull off the parties”可知，是举办生日派对。故选D。
4．A 考查名词辨析。句意：在接下来的四年里，Paige和她的丈夫Colin从为人父母的工作中抽出时间，走访收容所，以确定如何最好地举办派对。A．parenthood做父母的身份；B.childhood童年；C.neighborhood邻里；D.brotherhood兄弟情谊。根据“Paige and her husband, Colin”可知，他们两人的身份，应该是为人父母的身份。故选A。
5．B 考查名词辨析。句意：在接下来的四年里，Paige和她的丈夫Colin从为人父母的工作中抽出时间，走访收容所，以确定如何最好地举办派对。A．communities社区；B.shelters收容所；C.factories工厂；D.hospitals医院。根据下文“help 7. Dallas's 75-occupant Family Gateway Shelter with balloons and streamers”可知，他们是去收容所。故选B。
6．C 考查动词辨析。句意：最后，Paige在2012年1月发起了Birthday Party Project，呼吁朋友和家人用气球和彩带帮助装饰达拉斯的75-occupant Family Gateway Shelter，为11名男孩和女孩庆祝生日，还有60多名无家可归的孩子参加。A．approved赞成；B.designed设计；C.launched发起；D.submitted提交。根据“called for friends and family to help 7. Dallas's 75-occupant Family Gateway Shelter”可知，项目已经开始了，应该是发起项目。故选C。
7．A 考查动词辨析。句意：最后，Paige在2012年1月发起了Birthday Party Project，呼吁朋友和家人用气球和彩带帮助装饰达拉斯的75-occupant Family Gateway Shelter，为11名男孩和女孩庆祝生日，还有60多名无家可归的孩子参加。A．decorate装饰；B.charge收费；C.compete竞争；D.link链接。根据“with balloons and streamers”可知，用气球和彩带装饰。故选A。
8．C 考查介词短语辨析。句意：最后，Paige在2012年1月发起了Birthday Party Project，呼吁朋友和家人用气球和彩带帮助装饰达拉斯的75-occupant Family Gateway Shelter，为11名男孩和女孩庆祝生日，还有60多名无家可归的孩子参加。A．in bed卧床；B.in surprise惊讶地；C.in attendance 出席；D.in danger处于危险。根据“celebrating the birthdays of 11 boys and girls, with 60 more homeless kids”可知，60多名无家可归的孩子也参加。故选C。
9．D 考查动词辨析。句意：Paige说：“第一个派对比我想象的要好。”A．admitted承认；B.regarded认为；C.claimed宣称；D.imagined想象。根据“That first party was better than I could have ever”可知，第一次派对比想象中要好。故选D。
10．C 考查名词辨析。句意：现在，Paige和她的三名带薪员工与地区志愿者(又名“生日爱好者”)合作，在全国15个收容所计划每月举办主题派对，其中一些收容所收留了受虐待或被遗弃的儿童。A．audience观众；B.family家人；C.staff全体职工；D.class班级。根据“paid employees work with regional volunteers”可知，Paige支付了报酬，应是她的员工。故选C。
11．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：现在，Paige和她的三名带薪员工与地区志愿者(又名“生日爱好者”)合作，在全国15个收容所计划每月举办主题派对，其中一些收容所收留了受虐待或被遗弃的儿童。A．monthly每月的；B.daily每天的；C.yearly每年的；D.weekly每周的。根据后文“Each child celebrating a birthday that month gets a $30 gift, a decorative place mat, and an individual cake or cupcake.”可知，派对是每月都举办一次。故选A。
12．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：现在，Paige和她的三名带薪员工与地区志愿者(又名“生日爱好者”)合作，在全国15个收容所计划每月举办主题派对，其中一些收容所收留了受虐待或被遗弃的儿童。A．trapped受困的；B.abandoned被遗弃的；C.adopted被收养的；D.distinguished尊贵的。根据or可知，空处和abused并列且语义相近。故选B。
13．D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：每次派对上，Paige最喜欢的一个环节就是孩子们许愿，吹蜡烛。A．cut out切断；B.carry out实施；C.hand out分发；D.blow out吹灭。根据“the kids make a wish”和“the candles”结合常识可知，生日许愿吹蜡烛。故选D。
14．C 考查副词辨析。句意：Paige说：“他们很少有机会有大梦想。”A．usually通常；B.frequently频繁地；C.rarely罕有；D.occasionally偶尔地。根据上文“some of which house abused or 12. kids”可知，这些无家可归的孩子很少有过生日的大梦想。故选C。
15．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：Paige说：“我一直想要的一件事就是我的孩子慷慨大方。我们的行动比语言更响亮。”A．optimistic乐观的；B.generous慷慨的；C.reliable可信赖的；D.humble谦逊的。根据前文“Her daughter, Lizzie, now seven, often helps out at the parties.”可知，她的女儿经常帮助他们举办活动去帮助贫困儿童，Paige希望女儿学会慷慨。故选B。
C
(2023·安徽省合肥市高三一模)
I've had a string of bad luck lately.Last week my washing machine broke.I planned to fix it myself but soon 1. the repairs would cost more than a new one would.Then this week the 2. thing happened to my daughter's washing machine! This time I 3. called a friend to help.Once again, however, it was broken beyond 4. .I ended up having to 5. two.While both the new machines got delivered quickly, I still 6. about what I was going through in my heart.
The moment I did, my 7. traveled back to when I was a child, I saw my grandma 8. an old-fashioned washing machine with my jeans and shirts.It didn't have a spin dryer (甩干机) inside so she had to put each item through a pair of rollers to 9. the water.When the washing was done, she'd often pat the machine 10. .She had grown up hand-washing clothes and was 11. for the machine that did so much of the work for her.
Remembering this helped me realize that I was looking at things in the 12. way.I was getting 13. in the inconveniences of modern life instead of being thankful for all I have.The good old days had their share of 14. and joys.And so do the good new days.What 15. is how we live them and what we can learn from them.
1.A．regretted B．remembered
C．denied D．appreciated
2.A．usual B．same
C．funny D．amazing
3.A．even B．still
C．ever D．already
4.A．recognition B．control
C．repair D．compare
5.A．sell B．order
C．return D．fix
6.A．lied B．cared
C．complained D．argued
7.A．memory B．dream
C．doubt D．fear
8.A．covering B．decorating
C．loading D．equipping
9.A．purify B．remove
C．hold D．absorb
10.A．firmly B．hurriedly
C．wildly D．lovingly
11.A．grateful B．eager
C．sorry D．responsible
12.A．ideal B．proper
C．wrong D．traditional
13.A．carried away B．caught up
C．turned down D．taken over
14.A．purposes B．duties
C．excuses D．struggles
15.A．matters B．remains
C．works D．happens
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过自己的经历告诉我们，要对所拥有的一切心存感激，且重要的是我们如何生活，以及我们能从中学到什么。
1．D 考查动词辨析。句意：我本打算自己修，但很快就明白了修理比买一个新的要贵。A．regretted遗憾；B.remembered记得；C.denied否认；D.appreciated明白。根据下文“the repairs would cost more than a new one would(修理比买一个新的要贵得多)”可知，作者很快“明白了”这个道理。故选D。
2．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：然后这周同样的事情发生在我女儿的洗衣机上！A．usual通常的；B.same相同的；C.funny有趣的；D.amazing令人惊讶的。根据下文“my daughter's washing machine(我女儿的洗衣机)”可知，“同样的”事情发生在女儿的洗衣机上。故选B。
3．A 考查副词辨析。句意：这次我甚至叫了一个朋友来帮忙。A．even甚至；B.still仍旧；C.ever曾经；D.already已经。根据下文“called a friend to help(叫朋友来帮忙)”可知，用程度副词even表示“甚至”符合语境。故选A。
4．C 考查名词辨析。句意：然而，它又一次坏得无法修理。A．recognition承认；B.control控制；C.repair修理；D.compare比较。分析句意再根据空前的beyond可知，beyond repair表示“无法修理”符合语境。故选C。
5．B 考查动词辨析。句意：最后我不得不预定了两个。A．sell卖；B.order预订；C.return归还；D.fix修理。根据上文可知，洗衣机坏得无法修理，所以不得不预定两个新洗衣机。故选B。
6．C 考查动词辨析。句意：虽然两台新机器都很快交付，但我仍然在抱怨我内心所经历的一切。A．lied平躺；B.cared照料；C.complained抱怨；D.argued争论。根据下文“what I was going through in my heart(我心里所经历的一切)”可知，“抱怨”所经历的一切。故选C。
7．A 考查名词辨析。句意：当我这样做的时候，我的记忆回到了我小时候，我看到奶奶把我的牛仔裤和衬衫装进一台老式洗衣机里。A．memory记忆；B.dream梦想；C.doubt怀疑；D.fear恐惧。分析句意再根据空后的“traveled back”可知，“记忆”回到了小时候。故选A。
8．C 考查动词辨析。句意：当我这样做的时候，我的记忆回到了我小时候，我看到奶奶把我的牛仔裤和衬衫装进一台老式洗衣机里。A．covering覆盖；B.decorating装饰；C.loading装进；D.equipping装备。根据下文的“jeans and shirts”可知，把牛仔裤和衬衫“装进”洗衣机。故选C。
9．B 考查动词辨析。句意：里面没有烘干机，所以她必须把每件东西通过一对滚轮来去除水分。A．purify净化；B.remove除去；C.hold抓住；D.absorb吸收。分析句意再根据空后的“the water”可知，用一对滚轮烘干衣服，即“除去”水分。故选B。
10．D 考查副词辨析。句意：洗完衣服后，她经常亲切地拍拍洗衣机。A．firmly牢固地；B.hurriedly匆忙地；C.wildly野生地；D.lovingly亲切地。根据下文“She had grown up hand-washing clothes(她是手洗衣服长大的)”可知，奶奶对洗衣机应该是很爱护的，所以“亲切地”拍拍洗衣机。故选D。
11．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：她从小就手洗衣服，很感激这台洗衣机为她做了这么多工作。A．grateful感激的；B.eager渴望的；C.sorry抱歉的；D.responsible负责的。根据下文“the machine that did so much of the work for her(那台替她干了很多活的机器)”可知，洗衣机干了很多活儿，奶奶很“感激”这台洗衣机。故选A。
12．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：记住这一点，我意识到我看待问题的方式是错误的。A．ideal理想的；B.proper合适的；C.wrong错误的；D.traditional传统的。根据下文“instead of being thankful for(而不是感激)”可知，以一种“错误的”方式看待问题。故选C。
13．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我被现代生活的种种不便所困，而没有对我所拥有的一切心存感激。A．carried away带走；B.caught up困住；C.turned down拒绝；D.taken over接管。分析句意再根据空后的in可知，caught up in表示“被困在”种种不便中。故选B。
14．D 考查名词辨析。句意：过去的美好时光有艰难，也有欢乐。A．purposes目的；B.duties职责；C.excuses借口；D.struggles斗争。根据上文抱怨所经历的一切和作者对小时候的回忆可知，过去的时光中有艰难也有快乐。故选D。
15．A 考查动词辨析。句意：重要的是我们如何生活，以及我们能从中学到什么。A．matters要紧，有关系；B.remains留下；C.works起作用；D.happens发生。分析句意再根据下文的“how we live(我们如何生活)”可知，“重要的是”我们如何生活。故选A。
完形填空(三)
A
(2023·安徽省淮北市高三一模)
Snow had just melted off the ground that April day at our house in Regina Beach.My husband, Carl, had just cleaned up the pool in preparation for selling our 1. .The year before, Carl had lost his job, and now our
2. situation was serious, so we had finally put our home on the 3. .The thought of losing our beautiful home was almost more than I could bear.
Deep in 4. , I sat typing up a job application letter for Carl.Out of the corner of my eye I could see our thirteen-month-old son, Forrest, playing near our two beloved dogs, Nana and SasA．I hadn't typed more than two sentences when Nana, began 5. violently and running back and forth, overlooking our pool.
I 6. to see what was happening.Suddenly, I realized Forrest was nowhere to be seen.Then to my horror, my eyes 7. Forrest's yellow sleeper in the pool.Sasa was 8. doing her best to keep him afloat by holding on to his sleeper with her mouth.I realized that Forrest had somehow fallen into the pool.
In a split second, I dove in, lifted my 9. baby out and carried him inside.But when I realized Forrest wasn't breathing, I began to go into 10. .Thankfully, Carl, who was trained in CPR, arrived and then 11. .I stood by with my heart in my 12. , and after about three minutes, Forrest began to 13. again.
Things in our lives are much better now.Most importantly, almost losing Forrest—and then getting him back— 14. any despair I might have had about losing our home.
A house can always be replaced, but knowing we have each other is the greatest 15. of all.
1.A．snow B．beach
C．house D．dogs
2.A．travelling B．working
C．political D．financial
3.A．market B．coast
C．road D．corner
4.A．happiness B．despair
C．anger D．curiosity
5.A．bathing B．biting
C．barking D．beating
6.A．hoped B．managed
C．pretended D．raced
7.A．caught sight of B．took care of
C．broke away from D．looked down on
8.A．bravely B．hesitantly
C．fiercely D．patiently
9.A．heavy B．cheerful
C．precious D．newborn
10.A．surprise B．shape
C．thought D．shock
11.A．turned up B．took over
C．calmed down D．checked out
12.A．throat B．mind
C．stomach D．chest
13.A．breathe B．sleep
C．stretch D．laugh
14.A．increased B．simplified
C．erased D．beautified
15.A．accident B．emergency
C．suffering D．blessing
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是作者的孩子不慎落水，幸得家中爱犬相救，这次经历，让绝望中的作者感悟到家人安康是人生幸事。
1．C 考查名词辨析。句意：我丈夫Carl刚刚清理了游泳池，为卖房子做准备。A．snow雪；B.beach沙滩；C.house房子；D.dogs狗。根据下文“losing our beautiful home”可知，作者要卖房子。故选C。
2．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：一年前，Carl失业了，现在我们的财务状况很严重，所以我们终于把房子挂牌出售了。A．travelling旅行(用)的；B.working与工作有关的；C.political政治的；D.financial经济的。根据上文“Carl had lost his job”可知，Carl失业了，作者家里财务状况很严重。故选D。
3．A 考查名词辨析。句意：一年前，Carl失业了，现在我们的财务状况很严重，所以我们终于把房子挂牌出售了。A．market市场；B.coast海岸；C.road道路；D.corner角落。根据下文“losing our beautiful home”可知，作者家里把房子放入市场出售。故选A。
4．B 考查名词辨析。句意：我绝望地坐着，为Carl打了一封求职信。A．happiness快乐；B.despair绝望；C.anger愤怒；D.curiosity好奇心。根据上文“losing our beautiful home”可知，作者家里要卖房子，财政状况糟糕，所以作者绝望。故选B。
5．C 考查动词辨析。句意：我还没打两句话，Nana就开始狂吠起来，来回跑着，俯瞰着我们的游泳池。A．bathing沐浴；B.biting咬；C.barking吠；D.beating敲，击，打。根据上文“two beloved dogs, Nana and Sasa”可知，Nana是一只狗，此处是狗在叫。故选C。
6．D 考查动词辨析。句意：我跑过去看发生了什么事。A．hoped希望；B.managed管理；C.pretended假装；D.raced快速移动。根据上文“Nana, began 5. violently and running back and forth, overlooking our pool”可知，作者听见狗在狂吠，所以快速跑过去看看发生了什么事。故选D。
7．A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，令我惊恐的是，我看到了Forrest在水池里的黄色卧车。A．caught sight of看见；B.took care of照顾；C.broke away from脱离；D.looked down on看不起。根据下文“Forrest's yellow sleeper in the pool”可知，作者看到了水池里的黄色卧车。故选A。
8．A 考查副词辨析。句意：Sasa勇敢地用嘴抓住他的卧车，尽力让他浮在水面上。A．bravely勇敢地；B.hesitantly犹豫地；C.fiercely猛烈地；D.patiently耐心地。根据下文“doing her best to keep him afloat by holding on to his sleeper with her mouth”可知，Sasa勇敢地用嘴抓住他的卧车，尽力让他浮在水面上。故选A。
9．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：一瞬间，我扑了进去，把我宝贝的孩子抱了出来，抱进了屋里。A．heavy重的；B.cheerful快乐的；C.precious宝贵的；D.newborn新生的。根据下文“baby”可知，作者的儿子对作者来说当然是珍贵的。故选C。
10．D 考查名词辨析。句意：但当我意识到Forrest没有呼吸时，我开始要休克了。A．surprise惊讶；B.shape形状；C.thought思想；D.shock休克。根据上文“when I realized Forrest wasn't breathing”可知，当作者意识到Forrest没有呼吸时，作者开始要休克了。故选D。
11．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，受过心肺复苏训练的Carl赶到了，然后接管了救援工作。A．turned up出现；B.took over接管；C.calmed down平静下来；D.checked out结账离开。根据上文“Carl, who was trained in CPR, arrived”可知，Carl接管了救援工作。故选B。
12．A 考查名词辨析。句意：我站在旁边，心都提到嗓子眼儿了，大约三分钟后，Forrest又开始呼吸了。A．throat喉咙；B.mind思维方式；C.stomach胃；D.chest胸口。根据语境和习惯用法可知，此处表示“心都提到嗓子眼儿了”。故选A。
13．A 考查动词辨析。句意：我站在旁边，心都提到嗓子眼儿了，大约三分钟后，Forrest又开始呼吸了。A．breathe呼吸；B.sleep睡觉；C.stretch伸展肢体；D.laugh笑。根据上文“Forrest wasn't breathing”可知，作者儿子没有了呼吸，约三分钟后，Forrest又开始呼吸了。故选A。
14．C 考查动词辨析。句意：最重要的是，差点失去Forrest——然后又把他找回来——抹去了我对失去我们家的绝望。A．increased增加；B.simplified简化；C.erased抹去；D.beautified美化。根据上文“Things in our lives are much better now.”可知，差点失去Forrest抹去了作者对失去家的绝望。故选C。
15．D 考查名词辨析。句意：房子总是可以换的，但知道我们拥有彼此是最大的祝福。A．accident事故；B.emergency紧急情况；C.suffering痛苦；D.blessing祝福。根据上文“knowing we have each other”可知，拥有彼此是最大的祝福。故选D。
B
(2023·辽宁省沈阳市高三一模)
After I gave birth, it seemed my brain had been dragged out of me along with my newborn son.Everything became 1. and conversation often lost in mid-sentence.I thought these 2. mistakes may be just “mommy brain” while I coped with middle-of-the-night feedings.However, after little Nicholas began to 3. through the night, I remained in a constant state of 4. .
I told myself I'd feel intelligent again.I thought about my 5. life.What engaged my brain then I wandered through the house and found 6. staring me in the face: books.I looked online and found the exact 7. : 50 Book Challenge.Read 50 books in a year, whatever 8. I wanted.Within days I discovered new books of interest and ordered some fresh 9. .I had my resolution: 50 books.
My competitive spirit began to 10. .I found time where it had never existed before.I read as my son watched Sesame Street.I read when I 11. a bus, I read before bedtime...My brain 12. from hibernation (冬眠) and I had new and exciting things to discuss.I had started with a 13. goal to bring my 14. back.I did that, and got more.I showed my son Nicholas the 15. of reading.Now it's common for my first-grader to bring a pile of books to the couch for reading.We're together and reading, and all is right with the world.
1.A．sunny B．foggy
C．smooth D．possible
2.A．physical B．psychological
C．social D．mental
3.A．sleep B．cry
C．wake up D．stay up
4.A．tension B．security
C．confusion D．depression
5.A．pre-school B．pre-marriage
C．pre-baby D．pre-teen
6.A．answers B．questions
C．stars D．eyes
7.A．website B．comment
C．motivation D．title
8.A．price B．colour
C．size D．subject
9.A．dishes B．reads
C．flowers D．fruit
10.A．take care B．take place
C．take advantage of D．take effect
11.A．saw B．drove
C．caught D．rode
12.A．awoke B．froze
C．damaged D．suffered
13.A．simple B．common
C．different D．similar
14.A．power B．time
C．brain D．son
15.A．talent B．pleasure
C．process D．skill
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位母亲在生完孩子以后，大脑宕机，经常断片。但是，通过挑战一年读50本书，大脑逐渐从冬眠中醒来。
1．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：一切都变得模糊起来，谈话经常在句子中间中断。A．sunny阳光充足的；B.foggy有雾的；C.smooth光滑的；D.possible可能的。根据上文“After I gave birth, it seemed my brain had been dragged out of me along with my newborn son.”以及下文“conversation often lost in mid-sentence”可知，作者生完孩子后，大脑似乎和刚出生的儿子一起被拖出了身体，经常断片，事情不清楚。故选B。
2．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：我想这些身体上的错误可能只是我半夜喂奶时的“妈妈大脑”造成的。A．physical身体的；B.psychological心理的；C.social社会的；D.mental精神上的。根据上文“Everything became 1. and conversation often lost in mid-sentence.”可知，这是作者身体上的状况。故选A。
3．A 考查动词(短语)辨析。句意：然而，在小尼古拉斯开始一觉睡到天亮之后，我一直处于一种混乱的状态。A．sleep睡觉；B.cry哭；C.wake up醒来；D.stay up熬夜。根据上文“I thought these 2. mistakes may be just ‘mommy brain’while I coped with middle-of-the-night feedings.”以及“However”可知，前后为对比关系，作者本以为是半夜喂奶导致的，但是当儿子入睡以后，作者还是处于困惑的状态。故选A。
3．A 考查动词(短语)辨析。句意：然而，在小尼古拉斯开始一觉睡到天亮之后，我一直处于一种混乱的状态。A．sleep睡觉；B.cry哭；C.wake up醒来；D.stay up熬夜。根据上文“I thought these 2. mistakes may be just ‘mommy brain’while I coped with middle-of-the-night feedings.”以及“However”可知，前后为对比关系，作者本以为是半夜喂奶导致的，但是当儿子入睡以后，作者还是处于困惑的状态。故选A。
4．C 考查名词辨析。句意：然而，在小尼古拉斯开始一觉睡到天亮之后，我一直处于一种混乱的状态。A．tension紧张；B.security安全；C.confusion困惑；D.depression抑郁。根据上文“Everything became 1. and conversation often lost in mid-sentence.”可知，作者生产以后，一直是模模糊糊，说话说一半的迷糊状态。故选C。
5．C 考查形容词辨析。句意： 我回想起我生孩子前的生活。A．pre-school学前的；B.pre-marriage婚前的；C.pre-baby产前的；D.pre-teen(约11或12岁的)大儿童。根据下文“What engaged my brain then？”的时间状语then可知，作者在回忆生孩子之前大脑在忙什么。故选C。
6．A 考查名词辨析。句意：我在屋子里踱来踱去，发现答案就在眼前：书。A．answers回答；B.questions问题；C.stars星星；D.eyes眼睛。根据上文“What engaged my brain then？”以及“books”可知，作者在回忆生孩子之前大脑在忙什么，看着眼前的书，找到了答案。故选A。
7．C 考查名词辨析。句意：我在网上找到了确切的动机：50本书挑战。A．website网站；B.comment评论；C.motivation动力；D.title标题。根据“50 Book Challenge”可知，挑战阅读50本书给了作者动力。故选C。
8．D 考查名词辨析。句意：一年读50本书，什么题材都行。A．price价格；B.colour颜色；C.size尺寸；D.subject话题。根据whatever引导的让步状语从句可知，前后为对比关系，无论什么题材，一年内50本书即可。故选D。
9．B 考查名词辨析。句意：几天之内，我发现了一些我感兴趣的新书，并订购了一些新书。A．dishes碟，盘；B.reads好的读物；C.flowers花；D.fruit水果。根据上文“Read 50 books in a year, whatever 2. I wanted.”可知，作者要挑战一年读50本书，所以订购了一些读物。故选B。
10．D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的竞争精神开始发挥作用。A．take care小心；B.take place发生；C.take advantage of利用；D.take effect生效，起作用。根据下文“My brain 2. from hibernation (冬眠) and I had new and exciting things to discuss.”可知，作者读书让大脑激活并开始发挥作用。故选D。
11．D 考查动词辨析。句意：我坐公共汽车时看书，睡觉前看书……。A．saw看见；B.drove驾驶；C.caught捕捉；D.rode搭乘。根据上文“I found time where it had never existed before.”以及空后的“a bus”可知，作者找了之前并不发觉的时间来阅读，例如，搭乘公交车的时间。故选D。
12．A 考查动词辨析。句意：我的大脑从冬眠中醒来，我有新的和令人兴奋的事情要讨论。A．awoke苏醒；B.froze冻住；C.damaged损伤；D.suffered遭受。根据下文“I had new and exciting things to discuss”可知，作者现在有新的和令人兴奋的事情可以讨论，说明大脑在慢慢恢复。故选A。
13．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：我从一个简单的目标开始，那就是恢复我的大脑。A．simple简单的；B.common常见的；C.different不同的；D.similar相似的。根据下文“to bring my 14. back”可知，这是作者简单的目标。故选A。
14．C 考查名词辨析。句意：我从一个简单的目标开始，那就是恢复我的大脑。A．power力量；B.time时间；C.brain大脑；D.son儿子。根据上文“What engaged my brain then？”可知，作者读书的目的就是恢复大脑。故选C。
15．B 考查名词辨析。句意：我向儿子尼古拉斯展示了阅读的乐趣。A．talent天赋；B.pleasure乐趣；C.process过程；D.skill技能。根据下文“We're together and reading, and all is right with the world.”可知，作者向儿子展示了读书的乐趣，他们一起读书。故选B。
C
(2023·福建省厦门市高三二模)
My 34-year-old son Zack was diagnosed with autism(自闭症) at age two.It has been a long road, filled with many 1. .The fact that Zack is nonverbal 2. matters greatly.However, we have always found a way to get our message across.
Autism involves continuous obstacles in social 3. .Many parents like me, long for spontaneous (自发的) signs of 4. from their child.I was 5. to get one.
At snack time, I started to 6. to Zack with a favorite chant that I often use.“Mommy loves you; Mommy loves you, yes, I do, yes, I do.” In the middle of my song, I 7. that Zack was attentively observing me.8. , he took a step toward me and held his arms out.Another step 9. and he wrapped his arms around me in a big bear hug.A feather could have knocked me over as I realized that, for the very first time, my son was 10. me!
For a moment I stood there 11. .This magical hug ended as 12. as it had started, but the 13. it had on me will be permanent.On an ordinary day, the extraordinary 14. .It belongs to me, making me believe miracles exist and 15. me with joy every day.
1.A．priorities B．mysteries
C．challenges D．opportunities
2.A．complicates B．settles
C．helps D．explains
3.A．support B．responsibility
C．communication D．security
4.A．affection B．growth
C．success D．recovery
5.A．amused B．blessed
C．determined D．honored
6.A．sing B．apologize
C．respond D．complain
7.A．agreed B．mentioned
C．announced D．noticed
8.A．Eventually B．Suddenly
C．Naturally D．Apparently
9.A．formed B．counted
C．paused D．followed
10.A．calling B．encouraging
C．hugging D．protecting
11.A．in comfort B．in shock
C．with confidence D．with awe
12.A．quickly B．early
C．perfectly D．differently
13.A．burden B．focus
C．hope D．impact
14.A．revived B．worked
C．occurred D．varied
15.A．welcoming B．shaping
C．filling D．approaching
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是作者的儿子有自闭症，有一天作者的儿子突然拥抱作者，这让作者相信奇迹的存在，让作者每天都充满快乐。
1．C 考查名词辨析。句意：这是一条漫长的道路，充满了许多挑战。A．priorities优先处理的事；B.mysteries神秘的事物；C.challenges挑战；D.opportunities机会。根据上文“My 34-year-old son Zack was diagnosed with autism(自闭症) at age two.”可知，过程充满了挑战。故选C。
2．A 考查动词辨析。句意：扎克不会说话的事实让事情变得更加复杂。A．complicates使复杂化；B.settles解决；C.helps帮助；D.explains解释。根据空前“Zack is nonverbal”可知，扎克不会说话，使事情变得更复杂。故选A。
3．C 考查名词辨析。句意：自闭症在社交方面存在持续的障碍。A．support支持；B.responsibility责任；C.communication交流；D.security安全。根据空前“Autism involves continuous obstacles in social”和常识可知，自闭症在社交方面存在障碍。故选C。
4．A 考查名词辨析。句意：许多父母和我一样，渴望孩子自发地表达感情。A．affection感情；B.growth生长；C.success成功；D.recovery恢复。根据空前“Many parents like me, long for spontaneous (自发的) signs of”可知，许多父母和作者渴望孩子自发地表达感情。故选A。
5．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：我很幸运得到了一个。A．amused愉快的；B.blessed受上帝保佑的；C.determined下定决心的；D.honored光荣的。根据上文“Many parents like me, long for spontaneous(自发的)signs of 4. from their child.”和“get one”可知，作者很幸运地得到了儿子表达的感情。故选B。
6．A 考查动词辨析。句意：吃零食的时候，我开始用我经常用的最喜欢的圣歌唱给扎克听。A．sing唱歌；B.apologize道歉；C.respond回答；D.complain抱怨。根据空后“with a favorite chant”可知，作者唱圣歌。故选A。
7．D 考查动词辨析。句意：在我唱到一半的时候，我注意到扎克在聚精会神地观察我。A．agreed同意；B.mentioned提到；C.announced宣布；D.noticed注意到。根据空后“Zack was attentively observing me”可知，作者注意到扎克在聚精会神地观察作者。故选D。
8．B 考查副词辨析。句意：突然，他向我迈了一步，伸出双臂。A．Eventually最后；B.Suddenly突然；C.Naturally自然地；D.Apparently显然。根据空后“he took a step toward me and held his arms out”可知，突然，他向作者迈了一步。故选B。
9．D 考查动词辨析。句意：他又走了一步，紧紧地抱住我。A．formed形成；B.counted数数；C.paused暂停；D.followed跟随。根据“and he wrapped his arms around me”可知，他又向前走了一步，抱住作者。故选D。
10．C 考查动词辨析。句意：当我意识到这一点时，我感到十分惊讶，我的儿子第一次在拥抱我！A．calling打电话；B.encouraging鼓励；C.hugging拥抱；D.protecting保护。根据上文“he wrapped his arms around me in a big bear hug”可知，作者儿子拥抱作者。故选C。
11．B 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我在那里惊愕地站了一会儿。A．in comfort舒适地；B.in shock震惊地；C.with confidence自信地；D.with awe带着敬畏。根据上文“for the very first time, my son was 10. me”可知，作者儿子第一次拥抱作者，作者震惊了。故选B。
12．A 考查副词辨析。句意：这个神奇的拥抱开始得很快，结束得也很快，但它对我的影响将是永久的。A．quickly快速地；B.early早早地；C.perfectly完美地；D.differently不同地。根据空后“as it had started”可知，这个神奇的拥抱开始得快，结束得也快。故选A。
13．D 考查名词辨析。句意：这个神奇的拥抱开始得很快，结束得也很快，但它对我的影响将是永久的。A．burden负担；B.focus焦点；C.hope希望；D.impact影响。根据“be permanent”可知，拥抱对作者的影响是永久的。故选D。
14．C 考查动词辨析。句意：在一个平凡的日子里，不平凡的事情发生了。A．revived使复苏；B.worked工作；C.occurred发生；D.varied变化。根据上文“for the very first time, my son was 10. me”可知，作者儿子第一次拥抱作者，不平凡的事情发生了。故选C。
15．C 考查动词辨析。句意：它属于我，让我相信奇迹的存在，让我每天都充满快乐。A．welcoming欢迎；B.shaping塑造；C.filling填充；D.approaching接近。根据“me with joy”可知，作者的每天都充满快乐，fill sb.with sth.意为“使某人充满……”。故选C。
完形填空(四)
A
(2023·湖南省岳阳市高三一模)
Cruz Genet, 11, and Anthony Skopick, 10, couldn't agree.Were the birds out on the ice ducks or geese So on a 1. January evening last year, the two friends ventured onto the 2. pond near their homes, to get a better look.First they tossed a rock onto the ice to 3. it.Then they stepped on it.4. the ice would hold their weight, Anthony took a few steps, then...FOOMP.He crashed through the 5. frozen surface.“There was no sound, no crack，” he recalled.“I just fell through instantly.” Cruz 6. to help his panicked friend.FOOMP—he 7. into the pond, too.
The boys were up to their necks in icy water and quickly losing feeling in their limbs.Any chance of their 8. themselves was slipping away.Cruz was sure he was going to die.Anthony's older sister had seen the boys fall through the ice and started screaming for help.
John Lavin, a 9. driving nearby on his way to the grocery store, heard her.He quickly 10. .Seeing the boys, he grabbed a nearby buoy(救生圈), 11. off his shoes, and ran into the slushy(融雪的)water, chopping his way through the ice with his free 12. .
Lavin made his way to Cruz and Anthony and hauled(拉)them back to land.They were taken to the hospital, where doctors discovered that their five-minute 13. in the water had lowered their body 14. nearly ten degrees.
Fortunately, the boys have fully recovered, though they are still a little awestruck by their 15. neighbour.“Just to think，” says Cruz, “if he wasn't there, I could have died.”
1.A．beautiful B．cold
C．quiet D．dark
2.A．big B．shallow
C．muddy D．frozen
3.A．break B．test
C．drop D．abandon
4.A．Convinced B．Informed
C．Warned D．Engaged
5.A．quickly B．seemingly
C．simply D．normally
6.A．rushed B．managed
C．decided D．moved
7.A．dominated B．occupied
C．floated D．sank
8.A．exporting B．freeing
C．recovering D．spotting
9.A．seaman B．police
C．neighbour D．relative
10.A．pulled over B．went through
C．took on D．made up
11.A．put B．got
C．hurried D．kicked
12.A．foot B．mouth
C．fist D．leg
13.A．stay B．attempt
C．battle D．performance
14.A．position B．weight
C．temperature D．mass
15.A．graceful B．demanding
C．fearless D．honest
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是两位男孩不小心跌入冰窟窿，一位邻居见义勇为，两个男孩最终获救的故事。
1．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：因此，在去年1月一个寒冷的晚上，这两个朋友冒险来到他们家附近结冰的池塘，想看得更清楚些。A．beautiful美丽的；B.cold冷的；C.quiet安静的；D.dark黑暗的。根据上文“Were the birds out on the ice ducks or geese？”可知，此处表示寒冷的一月份。故选B。
2．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：因此，在去年1月一个寒冷的晚上，这两个朋友冒险来到他们家附近结冰的池塘，想看得更清楚些。A．big大的；B.shallow浅的；C.muddy泥泞的；D.frozen冰冻的。根据下文“First they tossed a rock onto the ice”可知，他们往冰上扔了一块石头，湖水是结冰的。故选D。
3．B 考查动词辨析。句意：首先，他们把一块石头扔到冰上测试(冰是否结实)。A．break打破；B.test测试；C.drop掉落；D.abandon抛弃。根据下文“Then they stepped on it.”可知，孩子首先在冰上扔石头测试冰是否结实，然后踩了上去。故选B。
4．A 考查动词辨析。句意：安东尼确信冰块能承受住他们的重量，他走了几步，然后一步接着一步。A．Convinced信服，相信；B.Informed通知；C.Warned警告；D.Engaged从事。根据下文“Anthony took a few steps, then”可知，安东尼确信冰块能承受住他们的重量，所以一步接着一步走着。故选A。
5．B 考查副词辨析。句意：他撞穿了似乎结冰的表面。A．quickly快速地；B.seemingly似乎；C.simply简单地，仅仅；D.normally正常地。根据下文“I just fell through instantly.”可知，安东尼后来掉进了冰窟窿，所以冰面并没有真正的冻结实。故选B。
6．A 考查动词辨析。句意：克鲁兹冲过去帮助惊慌失措的朋友。A．rushed冲向；B.managed设法做成；C.decided决定；D.moved移动。根据上文“I just fell through instantly.”可知，安东尼掉进了冰窟窿，他的同伴克鲁兹急忙地冲向他来救助他。故选A。
7．D 考查动词辨析。句意：噗——他也掉进了池塘里。 A．dominated统治；B.occupied占据；C.floated漂浮；D.sank下沉。根据下文“into the pond, too”可知，克鲁兹在救助同伴的同时也沉到水里。故选D。
8．B 考查动词辨析。句意：任何使自己获救的机会都在溜走。A．exporting出口；B.freeing自由，获救；C.recovering恢复；D.spotting发现。根据上文“Cruz 6. to help his panicked friend.FOOMP—he 7. into the pond too.”可知，二人都掉进了冰水中，同时根据下文“Cruz was sure he was going to die.”可知，对于被困的他们来说任何获救的机会都在眼前消失，以至于克鲁兹觉得自己会死掉。故选B。
9．C 考查名词辨析。句意：开车去杂货店的邻居约翰·拉文听到了她的声音。A．seaman海员；B.police警察；C.neighbour邻居；D.relative亲戚。根据下文“though they are still a little awestruck by their 15. neighbour”可知，约翰·拉文是孩子们的邻居。故选C。
10．A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他迅速靠边停车。A．pulled over靠边停车；B.went through经历
