2024年中考英语专题语法复习定语从句专项训练课件(共18张PPT)

(共18张PPT)
定语从句
Attributive Clause
This is a policeman.
The policeman saved a boy.
This is a policeman who saved a boy.
关系词
先行词
定语从句
关系代词
关系副词
who, whom, that, which,whose
where, when , why
I.概念：
定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
作用：连接主从句，指代先行词，充当成分。
关系代词：who, whom, that, which,whose
（作主语时关系代词不可省略，作宾语时可省略）
关系副词：where, when , why
（先行词分别是地点、时间、原因）
指人
指物
人、物
关系代词
关系副词
who
whom
that
which
whose
指人
指物
人、物
（主、宾）
（宾）
（主、宾）
（主、宾）
（定）
..的
when
where
why
先行词是时间
先行词是地点
先行词是原因
（状语）
（作主语时关系代词不可省略，作宾语时可省略）
II.指人的关系代词：
1. The man ________ is talking to my mother is a friend of mine.
The man ________ my mother is talking to is a friend of mine.
The man to ________ my mother is talking is a friend of mine.
who/that
who/that/whom
whom
当先行词是人，且介词前置，只用whom
定语从句小贴士：
1. 划分主从句，找到先行词（名词或代词）
2. 筛选关系词（指人还是物）
3. 将先行词代入从句，确定其在从句中充当的成分
4. 确定关系词
III.指物的关系代词：
1. The silk feels soft.
The silk is produced in Hangzhou.
The silk __________ is produced in Hangzhou feels soft.
2. This is the town __________I live in.
This is the town in _________ I live.
which/that
which/ that
which
当先行词是物，且介词前置，只用which
IV.关系代词whose的用法：
1. Those girls __________ clothes are red prefer rock music.
2. The toy car __________ color is blue is my favourite.
可将先行词代入从句理解意思
whose
whose
V.关系副词：
1. This is the town __________ I live.
2. This is the factory ___________ I visit yesterday.
This is the factory ___________ my mother works.
This is the factory ___________ my mother works in.
3. I still remember the day _______ I first came to this school.
4. This is the reason _______ I was late this morning.
where
which/that
where
which/that
when
why
注意：1. 只能用that不能用which情况：
(1)先行词即有人又有物时。
She took photos of the things and people (that )she was interested in.
⑵先行词为指物的不定代词all, much, few, little, everything, nothing, anything等,或先行词被all, no, few, little等词修饰时。
I have read all the books (that) you gave me.
All (that) you have to do is to practise every day.
There isn’t much (that) I can do.
Tell us everything (that )you know, please.
Is there anything (that) you don’t understand
⑶先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时。
The first lesson (that) I learned will never be forgotten.
This is the best film (that ) I have ever seen.
⑷先行词被the only, the last, the same,the very等修饰时。
This is the only thing( that )I can remember.
This is the last pen ( that ) I bought.
This is the same book (that) I want to read.
This is the very good book (that) I want to read.
(5)当主句是以疑问词who/which开头的特殊疑问句时。
Which is the hotel that you like best
Who is the person that you like best
(6)There be 句型中先行词指物，只用that
2. 只能用which不能用that情况：
(1)关系代词前有介词时, 指人用whom, 指物用which
This is the house in which we lived last year.
(2)引导非限制性定语从句（主句和从句之间用逗号隔开）时
Her house, which was built a hundred years ago, stood still in the earthquake.
(3)先行词本身是that
eg. What's that which flashed in the sky just now
3. 先行词是人，只用who不用that情况：
1. 先行词为指人的代词one, ones, somebody, anybody, nobody, those, these等，只用who；
eg. Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.
2. There be 句型中只用who。
eg. There is a woman outside who wants to see you.
4. 当关系词（which/who /that）在定语从句中做主语时，
谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致
I prefer the shoes that are cool.
I like the pizza that is really delicious.
I love the singers who are beautiful.
I have the friend who plays sports.
This is the fork which is made in Germany.
There are some shirts which are very cheap in the store.
习题：
1.I still remember the college and the teachers________I visited in London years ago.
A. what B. who C. that D. which
2.-What are you looking for
-I’m looking for the watch ______ I bought yesterday.
A. which B. who C.whose
3.The Palace Museum is the best place _______I’ve ever visited.
A. that B. which C.where D.what
4.Most students like the teachers that _____me happy.
A. make B. makes C.making D.to make
C.
A.
A.
A.
( )1. This is the bag ______my mother bought yesterday.
A. that B. who C. whom D. this
( ) 2.The boy _____ has two lovely dogs.
A. who live next door B. which lives next door
C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door
( ) 3.The notebook______cover is red is mine.
A. who B. which C. whose D. that
( )4. The teachers came for a visit are foreigners.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
( ) 5.There are lots of things I need to prepare before the trip.
A. who B. that C. whom D. whose
( )6. Sorry, we don’t have the coat _____ you need.
A. what B. who C. whom D. which
A
D
C
A
B
D
I like the noodles.
The noodles are spicy.
I like the noodles
are spicy
that
合并定从
sells
We like to go to the shop.
The shop sells fashion clothes.
We like to go to the shop
that
fashion clothes.
I like the restaurant.
The restaurant is big.
I like the restaurant
is big.
which
I prefer the robot.
can clean the house.
which
the robot
The robot
2.写法：
　　 ①找出两个简单句的共有成分
　　 ②将从句中的共有成分去掉；
　　 ③用关系词引导剩下的从句，并紧接在被修饰词之后．
II．用“who” “that” “which” “/”填空。
1. The man ________ is talking with my mother is my father.
2. That book is the one _______ I bought yesterday.
3. He is one of the workers ________was saved in yesterday’s accident.
4. They talked about the games ________ they used to play when they were children.
who
that
that
which
/
who
that
that
which
/
请将下列题中的两个句子合并成一个句子。
5．I like music. The music is loud and exciting.
_______________________________________.
6. She loves friends. The friends play sports.
_______________________________________.
I like music that/which is loud and exciting.
She loves friends that/who play sports.
“/”表示在定语从句中作宾语可省略