(共24张PPT)
专题二 阅读七选五
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
实际上，阅读七选五的题目选择不是个个都难，难就难在其中1～3道特别的题目上，这些题目或是因为蕴含的信息更为丰富，或是选项高度相似，或是逻辑关系相近，总让人感到很是纠结。那么，此时就要学会利用种种重复信息，达到抽丝剥茧的效果。
1．原词重复信息
原词复现指一个句子中的关键词(常为动词、名词、形容词)会反复出现在文中的其他句子中。这些词会以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现，如“looks”与“looking”“looked”“go”与“going”“went”等。根据语言习惯，第一句的宾语往往是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同、重叠的词汇。因此，要学会寻找空处前后句中的相同关键词
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
[典例] (2022·全国乙卷)
·Practise empathy(共情)
__38__．The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved.The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
A．Remember important dates
B．Compensate by writing letters
C．It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
[解析] 根据本段的小标题“Practise empathy (共情)”可知，本段主要讲述的是“践行共情”。根据空后一句“The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved.”可知，G项“你可能是离开的那个朋友，也可能是那个被留下的(朋友)”其中的“The friend”原词复现是解题提示，同时与下文的语境相符且符合该段主题。
[答案] G
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
2.代词重复信息
为了避免与上文提到的名词重复，用不同的代词指代上文提到的人、事物或事件，如：it指代单数名词、不可数名词、句子，they指代复数名词，ones泛指复数名词，还有反身代词、指示代词、关系代词等
[典例] (2022·浙江卷)
The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone.Celebrate progress and keep refining(改进)toward a happy productive existence.__35__Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.
A．Speed up.
B．Be an active learner.
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
C．Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D．Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E．The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F．Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G．This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook
[解析] 下文“Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.”指出事情要一件一件去做。G项中的“making lists”与之相呼应。由此可推断出，G项“这就是列清单在任何生产效率指南中都重要的原因。”符合语境，this指代上文“The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining(改进)toward a happy productive existence.”
[答案] G
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
3.派生词重复信息
[典例] (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
You and your partner will probably have different skills.__40__ Over time，both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.The core(核心)of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A．Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B．A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C．You'll work harder if you train with someone else.
D．Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E．How can you write a good“seeking a training partner”notice
F．Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G．Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
[解析] 空前一句提到你和你的同伴可能会有不同的技能，空后一句提到随着时间的推移，你们两个都会受益，由此可以推断，F项(接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作)承上启下，符合语境。F项中的accept your differences对应空前一句中的different skills，其中different的派生词difference也是一个很好的解题信息。
[答案] F
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
4.同义词重复信息
此处的同义词多指意义相同或相近的词、词组或句子，如room和space
[典例] (2021·浙江卷)
If there are three lines in the store，delays will happen randomly at different registers.Think about the probability：__33__So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines
C．Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line
F．With three registers，this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G．But sometimes，as on a Sunday afternoon，the system gets particularly busy.
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
[解析] 考查上下文衔接。空前的probability与D项中的chances相呼应，同时D项与空后一句So it's not just in your mind：Another line probably is moving faster.相呼应，符合语境。
[答案] D
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
5.反义词重复信息
顾名思义，此处指上下文中有互为相反词义的单词、短语或者意思相反的句子
[典例] (2021·全国甲卷)
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes，the organization of the event，and，obviously，how much fun is had.It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection.__37__，and there may not be enough things to choose from；more than that，and it becomes uncontrollable.
A．Less people than that
B．Hold a clothing swap
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
C．If two people are competing
D．Just keep music playing throughout
E．Donate whatever clothes are left over
F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
[解析] 根据本段空处下文“more than that，and it becomes uncontrollable”可知，分号前后是两个相反意义的对比关系，根据反义信息more than可推理得知，空处想表达人太少的含义。
[答案] A
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
A
People may have some unclear memories of their childhood，but almost everyone will remember the beautiful princess and the cruel queen in Snow White，the innocent little girl and the greedy big gray wolf in Little Red Riding Hood. __1__For example，“True love can overcome anything”，and“Even a frog can turn into a prince”．However，at a certain age，we start to learn new things about life，particularly that love doesn't always win，and that a frog is just a frog.
__2__Just look at animated films like The Lion King and Frozen，which have millions of fans young and old.And this year's Lucerne Festival in Switzerland—a classical music festival—will also feature the themes of“Childhood” and “Fairy tales”．
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
“Fairy tales endure because they are the stories of our lives in their most stripped down form，”wrote US author Laura Packer.“They are stories of love and loss，desire and death，riches and ruin.”__3__But if children only see just one side of reality，adults usually see the other.For example，in the movie Maleficent，we're told the tale of Sleeping Beauty from the perspective of the evil queen.__4__Instead，she suffers great losses growing up，leading to the creation of her“evil”side.And in US author James Finn Garner's book Politically Correct Bedtime Stories，he tells the classic story of Little Red Riding Hood，but with a modern touch.
__5__They may usually start with“Once upon a time...”，but as we grow older，we learn that every story doesn't always need a“happily ever after”to be a good one.
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
A．Fairy tales are all about reality.
B．But somehow，our love for fairy tales never dies.
C．Most of us get our earliest life lessons from fairy tales.
D．The theme of fairy tales is to teach people courage and kindness.
E．Fairy tales have been adapted into versions suitable for children.
F．It looks like fairy tales aren't just stories our parents read us at bedtime.
G．Unlike the children's version of the story，we see that the queen wasn't born evil.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着年龄的增长，人们对童话故事的看法也会随之改变。
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
1．解析：根据空后的“For example，‘True love can overcome anything’”可知，此处举例“真爱可以战胜一切”的说法。C项“我们大多数人都从童话故事中获得最早的人生经验”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选C。
2．解析：根据空后一句“Just look at animated films like The Lion King and Frozen，which have millions of fans young and old.”可知，像《狮子王》和《冰雪奇缘》这样的动画电影，依然有数百万的不同年龄段的影迷。B项“但不知怎么，我们对童话故事的爱永不消逝”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选B。
答案：C
答案：B
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
3．解析：根据空前一句“They are stories of love and loss，desire and death，riches and ruin.”可知，它们是关于爱与失去、欲望与死亡、财富与毁灭的故事。A项“童话故事与现实生活息息相关”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。
答案：A
4．解析：根据空后一句“Instead，she suffers great losses growing up，leading to the creation of her‘evil’side.”可知，邪恶女王在成长过程中失去了很多，导致她产生了邪恶的一面。G项“与儿童版本的故事不同，我们可以看到女王并非生来邪恶”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选G。
答案：G
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
5．解析：根据空后的“They may usually start with‘Once upon a time...’”可知，它们通常会以“很久很久以前……”作为故事的开端。F项“看起来童话故事不仅仅是父母在睡前给我们讲的故事”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选F。
答案：F
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
B
(2023·湖北八市高三联考)There are a number of ways to help improve final exam test scores without staying up all night and cramming(临时死记硬背)，for instance，taking advantage of the resources available and taking care of your body.
Stay on top of your pleting all of your work by its due date will help you stay on top of the content，minimizing the time needed to prepare for finals. __6__ For instance，attending class is a guarantee not to fall behind in your work.
__7__Don't feel like you need to give equal study time to each course.Look back at your progress throughout the semester.If your grade is borderline，between a“C”and a“B”，for example，or you're hoping to raise your grade，you'll want to put in a bit more effort.
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
Find a study partner or a tutor.It is advisable to find a tutor or a study partner at the beginning of the semester as you can bounce around ideas and ask questions while studying.However，stay away from good friends when struggling with the material.__8__
Select your studying environment strategically.You need a quiet studying location free of distractions.__9__ Sometimes colleges open up conference rooms or other spaces to allow additional room for studying during exam week.
Maintain your health in the finals week.Finals can be a stressful time，so make sure you are taking care of your physical self.Exercise is an effective tool in helping your body reduce stress.__10__
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
A．Keep track of your progress.
B．Figure out which courses to prioritize.
C．But don't overdo it this week to avoid a muscle injury over finals.
D．If the library，study area，or outdoors does not work for you，keep looking.
E．Reviewing in the finals week is a lot easier if you've been keeping up all along.
F．Plus，you will assess time needed for better academic performance prior to the finals.
G．The best study partner is often someone you don't know well and less likely hang out with.
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
【语篇解读】 文章介绍了怎样准备期末考试以及怎样更好地提高成绩。
6．解析：根据上文“Completing all of your work by its due date will help you stay on top of the content，minimizing the time needed to prepare for finals.”可知，在截止日期前完成所有作业能缩减准备期末考试的时间。E项“如果你一直都能跟上进度，那么在期末考试周复习会容易得多”承接上文，继续说明在期末考试前完成作业会使复习变得容易。故选E项。
答案：E
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
7．解析：空处为本段主旨句。下文“Don't feel like you need to give equal study time to each course.”建议不要给每门课程同样的学习时间，要有优先级。所以本段建议弄清楚优先考虑的课程。B项“弄清楚哪些课程要优先考虑”可以概括本段大意，符合语境。故选B项。
答案：B
8．解析：本段建议在期末复习时找一个学习伙伴或导师。上文“However，stay away from good friends when struggling with the material.”建议在努力准备考试的时候远离朋友，这说明你找的学习伙伴不能是自己的好朋友。G项“最好的学习伙伴通常是你不太了解且不太可能一起出去玩的人。”承接上文，和上文之间存在因果关系。故选G项。
答案：G
第二讲 靠重复信息解疑难问题
9．解析：上文“You need a quiet studying location free of distractions.”建议找一个安静的学习环境。D项“如果图书馆、学习区域或户外不适合你，继续寻找。”承接上文，继续说明应该找一个合适的学习环境。故选D项。
答案：D
10．解析：根据上文“Finals can be a stressful time，so make sure you are taking care of your physical self.Exercise is an effective tool in helping your body reduce stress.”可知，在期末考试期间要注意身体，锻炼是帮助身体减压的有效方法。C项“但是这周不要过度运动，以免在期末考试时肌肉受伤”与上文构成转折关系，说明锻炼不应过度，以免受伤。故选C项。
答案：C(共50张PPT)
专题二 阅读七选五
专题二 阅读七选五
[研高考·辨考向]
阅读七选五题型实质上就是句子复位题，解答此类题型最快捷实用的解题步骤是先定性，再定位。先定性，即先初读文章，根据空处的位置及文意初步判定空处的句子是主题句、结论句还是过渡句或细节句；再定位，即再精读文章，根据上下文语意关系和逻辑关系确定填哪一个选项。
年份 卷名 体裁 主题 设空位置 主题语境 主题语境内容 段首 段中 段尾
2023 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与自我 自我原谅的方法 0 4 1
全国乙卷 说明文 人与自我 健康的生活方式 0 3 2
全国甲卷 说明文 人与自我 成一个更有耐心的为人的技巧 1 3 1
专题二 阅读七选五
续上表
2022 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与社会 如何寻找一个好的健身伙伴 0 4 1
全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 维持友谊的窍门 3 1 1
全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 就餐礼节 1 3 1
2021 新高考Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与社会 体验巴黎人的生活 1 4 0
全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 在家宴中如何使自己变得有趣 2 2 1
全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 交换衣物派对 1 4 0
专题二 阅读七选五
命题专家谈高考 通过对近三年全国卷和近三年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读七选五试题的分析，我们可知阅读七选五有以下特点：
1．文章体裁：体裁以说明文为主(近三年全国卷中均采用了说明文)。
2．短文长度：阅读材料一般是一篇长度为300词左右的短文，其中正文240词左右，备选项60词左右。
3．考点设置：阅读七选五所设空的位置多数集中在段中，主要考查上下文过渡句、细节句等；小标题的考查近年来少有涉及，但也不应忽略；段首、段尾句主要考查主题句、过渡句或结论性语句
续上表
专题二 阅读七选五
[抓规律·找依据]
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
句子在段落中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种设空方式，正是利用设空位置的暗示作用和设空处上下文的提示作用来考查学生的逻辑思维能力。本讲主要是从空格位置及所承担的语意关系层面来讲解做题技巧，使学生做题时灵活运用解题技巧，游刃有余地解答阅读七选五题型。
1．设空在段首
若是针对段落小标题设空，其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同，选项短小精悍，多为名词词组、动词 ing形式短语或祈使句。若段落首句设空，段首句要么与段落标题相关联，要么是段落主题句，选项要有概括性，要么承接上段，要么是对下文的概括
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
段落主旨句
某段开头处设空的常见考查内容之一是该段的主题句。学生需要认真研读该段内容，尤其是设空处后面的一两句，确定线索句，然后从备选项中查找这些线索词的同义词、近义词或关联词，一般正确选项与空后第一句在内容上是连贯且符合逻辑的，在意义上是紧密衔接的
[典例] (2022·全国甲卷)
Making Requests
__39__．In Portugal，this would be a serious mistake，because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills.Similarly，in Italy，never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D．Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E．It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G．It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
[解析] 根据空后内容“In Portugal，this would be a serious mistake，because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills.”和本段小标题Making Requests可知，空处应是提及一个用餐时的请求，再结合because后的原因“因为这是在向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技术”可知，G项“吃饭时要盐和胡椒粉看似是一个简单的请求”符合此处的语境。
[答案] G
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
承上启下的过渡句
当非首段的第一句设空时，设空处也有可能是承上启下的过渡句。此类题目要求既熟悉上文的内容，又要结合本段内容，综合考虑选择能使上下段自然衔接的选项
[典例] (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
Parisians are different from you and me.They never look lazy or untidy.As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago，they eat great food and never gain weight.38.The food is so delicious that you don‘t need much of it to make you happy．French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead，they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
__39__On our first morning in Paris，I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries.I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon.My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten.But they cost $18!
In France，quality of life is much more important than efficiency(效率)．You can tell this by café life.French cafés are always crowded.40.Not all the customers are tourists．When do these people work？The French take their 35 hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
A．Not all the customers are tourists.
B．The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C．There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D．The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E．That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F．Our aim was to see if we could live，in some way，like real Parisians.
G．The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
[解析] 根据空处所在的位置可知，该空很可能是承上启下的过渡句。分析空处上下文内容可知，该段主要讲述了法国人吃得少的另一个原因，即水果价格昂贵。分析选项可知，E项符合该处语境，且该项中的that指代上文论述过的原因。
[答案] E
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
2.设空在段中
当设空在段中时，通常考查该空与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文之间的衔接关系。常见的逻辑关系包括7类：总分关系、解释关系、转折关系、因果关系、递进关系、并列关系和例证关系。文章中可能出现标志性衔接词汇，例如first、second、then、next、later、soon、so、but、however、additionally、what's more、that is、namely、in other words、for one thing...for another等
总分关系
[典例] (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
The place wasn't entirely authentic，though.Unlike a normal Parisian apartment，the plumbing(水管)worked.__37__Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said，“Ouverture des portes，”in perfect French.That is the only French phrase I mastered，and it's a shame I don't have much use for it.
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
A．Not all the customers are tourists.
B．The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C．There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D．The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E．That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F．Our aim was to see if we could live，in some way，like real Parisians.
G．The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
[解析] 本段首句总领全段，“The place wasn't entirely authentic，though”点明作者租住的房子并不真正地道，下文列举了公寓的特殊之处。根据空处上文讲到的“和通常的巴黎公寓不同，这里的水管可以使用”和空后一句讲到的“我们的公寓楼里甚至还有一部小电梯”可知，空处应与公寓或公寓楼有关。
[答案] C
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
解释关系
[典例] (2021·全国甲卷)
·Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.__39__．Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
A．Less people than that
B．Hold a clothing swap
C．If two people are competing
D．Just keep music playing throughout
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
E．Donate whatever clothes are left over
F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
[解析] 根据空前“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.” 可知，在房间的不同区域放不同类型的衣服，空处应是对上文如何在不同区域放不同类型衣服的解释，故F项(让每个人都把衣服放在合适的位置)符合上下文语境，构成对上文的解释和说明。
[答案] F
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
转折关系
[典例] (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step，but don't beat yourself up about them.To err(犯错)is human.__36__ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
A．A little self forgiveness also goes a long way.
B．Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C．They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D．It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E．It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it.
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
F．Whatever it is，no matter how small it might seem，write it down.
G．Whatever the mistake，remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality.
[解析] 考查段中句的选择和文章的逻辑关系。上一句指出，犯错是人之常情；后一句提到，你可以使用以下写作练习来帮助你做这件事。空处应承上启下，即与上文存在一定的转折关系，同时引出下文。根据下一句中的“to help you do this”可知，空处应提及一个具体的做法；结合文章标题和下文内容可知，空处应与“自我原谅”有关。分析选项可知，D项“It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.”符合语境，其中的show yourself some forgiveness即为下文中this所指。
[答案] D
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
因果关系
[典例] (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.__36__So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth floor apartment the size of a cupboard.It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn't entirely authentic，though.Unlike a normal Parisian apartment，the plumbing (水管)worked.37.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed．Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said，“Ouverture des portes，”in perfect French.That is the only French phrase I mastered，and it's a shame I don't have much use for it.
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
A．Not all the customers are tourists.
B．The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C．There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D．The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E．That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F．Our aim was to see if we could live，in some way，like real Parisians.
G．The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
[解析] 本题考查上下文衔接。根据空后提示词So可知，空处与下文形成因果关系。空前提到“我和丈夫刚刚在巴黎待了一周”，空后提到“所以，我们做的第一件事情就是花大价钱租了一个橱柜大小、位于六层的公寓”，因此F项(我们的目的是看看在某种程度上我们是否能像真正的巴黎人一样生活)可构成下文租公寓的原因，符合本段语境。
[答案] F
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
递进关系
[典例] (2021·全国甲卷)
·Set a starting time.Maybe you say“go”，or turn on a certain song，or whatever.__40__．And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits.Remember，it's a party!
A．Less people than that
B．Hold a clothing swap
C．If two people are competing
D．Just keep music playing throughout
E．Donate whatever clothes are left over
F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
[解析] 本段空处上文“or turn on a certain song”提示放一段音乐，D项中的music是上文certain song的同义重复。下文又提示“Remember，it's a party！”，D项同时在句意上与上文形成递进关系，即除了开始播放音乐外，还应保持音乐始终贯穿派对。
[答案] D
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
并列关系
[典例] (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
First of all，decide what you want from that person.__37__ Or do you just want to be physically fit，able to move with strength and flexibility？Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
A．Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B．A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C．You'll work harder if you train with someone else.
D．Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E．How can you write a good“seeking a training partner”notice
F．Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G．Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
[解析] 根据下文“Or do you just want to be physically fit，able to move with strength and flexibility？”中的Or可知，空处也应是在提出问题，所以答案锁定在D项和E项之间；再结合上下文句意可知，空处应与“明确你找健身伙伴的目的”有关，故D项“你想在你最喜欢的体育运动方面成为一个更好的运动型的人吗”符合语境。
[答案] D
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
例证关系
[典例] (2023·全国甲卷)
·Make yourself wait
Instant gratification(满足)may seem like the most“feel good”option at the time，but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run.And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. __38__ Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.You'll soon find that the more patience you practice，the more you start to apply it to other，more annoying situations.
A．Find your causes
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
B．Start with small tasks
C．Accept the uncomfortable
D．All this adds up to a state of hurry
E．It can also help us practice more patience
F．This is merely uncomfortable，not intolerable
G．They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience
[解析] 整个段落围绕“等待有助于培养耐心”展开。空前提到“心理学研究表明，从长远来看，等待事实上能让我们更开心”；空后列举了“等到周末再看最喜欢的演出”和“吃蛋糕前多等十分钟”这两个例子，说明等待的习惯是可以培养的。分析上下文语境可知，B项“(培养等待的习惯可以)从小事入手”在这里能起到很好的过渡作用。
[答案] B
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
3.设空在段尾
段落过渡句
当设空在非尾段段末时，也有可能是考查承上启下的过渡句。假如所缺的是段落间的过渡句，首先可以关注表示逻辑关系的衔接词，再结合词汇复现等原则进行答案的选择
[典例] (2021·浙江卷)
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water.You get what you need，head to the front，and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong.People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot.__31__
It turns out，it's just math working against you；chances are，the other line really is faster.
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines
C．Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line
F．With three registers，this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G．But sometimes，as on a Sunday afternoon，the system gets particularly busy.
[解析] 本题考查承上启下的过渡句。上文描述了“你”排队结账时，发现自己排的队伍总是比别的队伍慢这一现象，下文的“It turns out”和“chances are，the other line really is faster”点明了结论，所以空处应为对该现象提出的疑问。结合选项来看，只有A项的内容与结论的内容相匹配，起到了使上下文衔接的过渡作用。
[答案] A
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
补充信息句
段末设空还有可能是对上文内容进行补充说明，这时要选择补充性的语句
[典例] (2021·全国乙卷)
38．What about that person who has had too much to drink or won‘t stop talking？If you can't take their wine away，you should certainly try to take away their soapbox(讲台)．If you're the host，you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.__39__．
A．How do you know the host
B．The first step is to go exploring
C．If you ask the question“How did you get here？”
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
D．Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E．Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F．What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
G．He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
[解析] 本题考查对上文的补充说明。E项(或者把谈话转向一个他们几乎无话可说的话题)承接空前的“If you're the host，you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation”给出了另一种选择，属于信息补充，符合语境。
[答案] E
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
总结句
当设空在段尾时，通常是结论性、概括性语句，是对上文的概括总结。如果文中缺的是结论性、概括性的语句，应快速浏览七个备选项，注意选项中是否出现表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如so、therefore、as a result、in short、in a word、all in all等词或短语，快速缩小选项范围，再根据段落主题一致性原则，从而确定正确选项
[典例] (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do，how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session，and her age.It also listed her favorite sports and activities，and provided her phone number.__39__
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
A．Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B．A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C．You'll work harder if you train with someone else.
D．Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E．How can you write a good “seeking a training partner”notice
F．Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G．Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
[解析] 根据上文“Her notice included what kind...”中的关键词notice和接下来对布告内容的具体介绍可知，G项“任何关于(寻找)健身伙伴的布告都应包括这样的信息。”总结了上文，且G项中的notice与上文相呼应，符合语境。
[答案] G
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
A
(2023·广东高三摸底考试)If you travel to nearly any Chinese city in the summertime，you will see people，mostly men wearing T shirts，sitting out on the sidewalks on low chairs in the shade，playing a game with large round disks of wood.__1__ Xiangqi dates back as early as the Warring States period.While experts have different opinions as to who created Xiangqi and how it is linked to Western chess，there is no doubt that by the Tang Dynasty Xiangqi was a popular game in China.__2__And in the 20th century both Sun Yat sen and Zhou Enlai were big fans of the game.
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
And，though it may look quite a bit different from Western chess，Xiangqi is actually quite similar in what the pieces can do and how the game is played.Like Western chess，the object of the game is to capture the other player's “king”． __3__
Unlike Western chess，instead of placing the pieces in squares，the pieces are placed on the intersections of lines.Another big difference between Western chess and Xiangqi is that there is a large empty space in the middle of the board，which the elephants cannot cross.__4__ This space refers to an area in China where Liu Bang and Xiang Yu had a life or death war.The war was so influential that “the Chu River and the Han Boundary”has become a metaphor(隐喻)referring to any
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
boundary between two opposing armies.When the Chinese people today see this name on the board，the battle scenes come to their mind，as though they are surrounded by thick smoke，able to hear the beating of war drums.__5__
A．Actually，in Xiangqi he is just a general.
B．During the Qing Dynasty its popularity grew.
C．It is called “the Chu River and the Han Boundary”．
D．The game is called Xiangqi，a game of ordinary people.
E．There are many differences between Xiangqi and Western chess.
F．An intense battle is about to take place on this small chessboard.
G．Several sayings related to Xiangqi are in common use in China today.
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
【语篇解读】 文章主要介绍了中国象棋以及中国象棋与国际象棋的不同之处。
1．解析：上文描述了玩游戏的景象，说明这种游戏在中国非常普及和受欢迎；下文“Xiangqi dates back as early as the Warring States period”介绍象棋可以追溯到战国时期。由此可知，本空应该指出上文提及的a game是中国象棋，所以D项“The game is called Xiangqi，a game of ordinary people.”承上启下，符合逻辑。故选D。
答案：D
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
2．解析：上文“Xiangqi dates back as early as the Warring States period...there is no doubt that by the Tang Dynasty Xiangqi was a popular game in China.”提到象棋在中国历史悠久，可追溯到战国时期，并在唐代时盛行；下文“And in the 20th century both Sun Yat sen and Zhou Enlai were big fans of the game.”介绍了在20世纪中国象棋在中国的受欢迎程度。由此可知，此段按照时间顺序介绍了中国象棋在中国的发展，所以空处应该按照时间顺序介绍唐代之后的一个时期中国象棋的发展情况。B项“During the Qing Dynasty its popularity grew.”符合时间上的逻辑关系，故选B。
答案：B
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
3．解析：根据上文“Xiangqi is actually quite similar in what the pieces can do... Like Western chess，the object of the game is to capture the other player's ‘king’．”可知，中国象棋和国际象棋有相似之处，和国际象棋一样，中国象棋的目的也是“擒王”，而二者又有不同之处。A项“其实，在中国象棋中，它就是将/帅。”符合语境，故选A。
答案：A
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
4．解析：空处上一句“Another big difference between Western chess and Xiangqi is that there is a large empty space in the middle of the board，which the elephants cannot cross.”提到棋盘中有个大的空白是象不能越过的；空处下文“This space refers to...a life or death war.The war was so influential that‘the Chu River and the Han Boundary’has become a metaphor(隐喻)referring to any boundary between two opposing armies.”指出这个空白地方与一场生死战争相关，并谈及“楚河汉界”，所以空处应介绍这个空白地方的名称。C项“It is called‘the Chu River and the Han Boundary.’”符合逻辑，选项中的代词It指代上文的a large empty space，下文对选项中的“the Chu River and the Han Boundary”进一步解释说明。故选C。
答案：C
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
5．解析：上文提到“楚河汉界”是一种隐喻，下象棋时棋盘也是个战场，人们看到这个名字就好像沉浸在硝烟四起、战鼓喧天的战争场面中。F项“An intense battle is about to take place on this small chessboard.”承接上文，符合逻辑，选项中的An intense battle与上文中的“the battle scenes come to their mind，as though they are surrounded by thick smoke，able to hear the beating of war drums”表达的意思一致，on this small chessboard与上文中的on the board一致。故选F。
答案：F
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
B
(2023·重庆高三第一次联合诊断检测)
How to Work Out Your Worries by Writing
Something troubling you
You should write about it.
Research shows that people who write about a difficult situation often show improved mental and physical health.
__6__ It is a specific technique，and it's different from writing in a journal.The idea is to reflect honestly and thoughtfully on a particular challenge.
Hundreds of studies over several decades have looked at the potential benefits of expressive writing.It can strengthen the immune system，including for people with illnesses such as flu，cancer and depression.__7__
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
Expressive writing works because it allows you to make meaning out of a painful experience，experts say.__8__ Then translating that experience into language forces you to organize your thoughts.And creating a narrative gives you a sense of control.
But expressive writing isn't a magical cure all solution.__9__ And people coping with a severe injury or depression may not find it useful to do it on their own，without therapy(治疗)．
Yet it can be a powerful tool for many，in large part because it helps prevent the secrecy people often feel about an injury，as well as their reluctance to face emotions.
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
__10__ Thinking or talking about an event can lead to reflecting，where you become lost in your emotions.Writing forces you to slow down.The mere act of labeling a feeling of putting words to an emotion can lessen the nervous activity in the threat area of the brain.Writing can increase someone's acceptance of his experience，and acceptance is calming.
A．Why write
B．What if you don't write
C．Expressive writing gives people the courage to face fears.
D．It shouldn't be used as a replacement for other treatments.
E．It can also help reduce pain，and improve mood，sleep and memory.
F．The first important step is to recognize what it is that is bothering you.
G．Psychologists refer to writing about an unpleasant experience as “expressive writing”．
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文，介绍了如何通过写作解决问题的几个建议。
6．解析：空后一句“It is a specific technique，and it's different from writing in a journal.”中的It应该指代一种写作方式，也就是下文中反复出现的expressive writing。分析选项可知，G项“心理学家将关于不愉快经历的写作称为‘表达性写作’”符合此处的语境，It指代的是expressive writing，故选G。
答案：G
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
7．解析：由第五段中的关键词汇“the potential benefits of expressive writing”及空前一句“It can strengthen the immune system，including for people with illnesses such as flu，cancer and depression.”可知，这段主要是在讲述表达性写作的潜在好处，故空处也应是介绍表达性写作的好处，所以E项“It can also help reduce pain，and improve mood，sleep and memory.”符合此处的语境。且“It can also...”也与上一句中的“It can...”相衔接，故选E。
答案：E
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
8．解析：根据空前一句“Expressive writing works because it allows you to make meaning out of a painful experience，experts say.”可知，表达性写作之所以有效，是因为它能让你从痛苦的经历中找到意义；由空后的Then translating可知，空处应是说首先做的事，故F项“认识到是什么事情正困扰着你是第一个重要步骤。”符合此处的语境，且根据常识，先意识到不愉快的事情是什么，才能将其写下来。故选F。
答案：F
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
9．解析：空前指出表达性写作并不是万能灵药，空后说患有严重创伤或抑郁症的人如果不接受医学治疗，而是只进行表达性写作，这是没有用的，所以空处应承上启下，说明表达性写作不能替代医学治疗。分析选项可知，D项
“它不应该被用作其他治疗的替代品。”符合此处的语境，故选D。
答案：D
第一讲 据设空位置定思考方向
10．解析：分析文章结构可知，空处应是本段的主旨句。由空后的“Thinking or talking about an event can lead to reflecting...and acceptance is calming.”可知，思考或谈论一件事会让人反思，写作迫使你放慢速度，文字表达能减少大脑的神经活动，写作可以增加某人对自己经历的接受度，而接受就平复了糟糕心情。这一段告诉读者写下不愉快的经历的过程可以让人慢慢地平复心情，也就是写作带来了好的结果，这与A项“Why write？”之间是因果关系，所以A项符合此处的语境。故选A。
答案：A
