课件42张PPT。语法部分专题八 情态动词与虚拟语气课时训练48 情态动词与虚拟语气
一、从下面方框中选择恰当的情态动词填空。
shall， must， can， need， could， may， would，might，should
1．If you want to book tickets for the 2016 Olympic Games, just call 00952012. It ________ be simpler.
答案 couldn't
2．According to the school rules, no student ________ go out of the school after 23：00 sharp.
答案 shall
3．—I'm leaving now.
—It's so late. Better stay with me. Call a taxi if you ________.
答案 must
4．She was worried that we ________ get hurt.
答案 might
5．—I am really sorry to say that I ________ have shouted at you the other day.
—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself too.
答案 shouldn't
6．—A medical team was sent to Japan by air five hours ago.
—So they ________ have arrived by now. The flight usually takes four hours or so.
答案 must
7．You ________ buy much wine—only three people will come.
答案 needn't
8．The driver tried everything he could think of, but the car just ________ move.
答案 wouldn't
9．It is important to know about the cultural differences that ________ cause problems.
答案 may
10．Don't play with the dog, Jack, for it ________ be dangerous at times.
答案 can
二、根据所提供的情景，用适当的情态动词完成句子。
1．You ________ (drive) if you are drunk, first because it's dangerous and second because it's against the law.
答案 can't/mustn't drive
2．As it turned out to be a small party, we ________ (not dress) up so formally.
答案 needn't have dressed
3．How ________ I help them to understand when they won't listen to me?
答案 can
4．Don't you think it essential that every person of Brazil ________ spare no effort to make contributions to the 2014 FIFA World Cup?
答案 should
5．She ________ comb her hair at the table, even though she knows I don't like it.
答案 will
6．—She looks very happy. She ________ (pass) the exam.
—I guess so. It's not difficult after all.
答案 must have passed
7．—________the new housemaid cook some supper for you, Tom?
—No, tell her I'll eat outside tonight.
答案 Shall
8．—Who has broken the window in my room?
—Who else ________ have done it but your naughty son!
答案 could
9．—My cat's really fat.
—You ________ (not) have given her so much food.
答案 shouldn't
10．I know that you are dieting but you ________ eat at least an apple.
答案 should
三、根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的单词完成句子。
1．包裹整整晚了一周。我多么希望我选择航空邮寄啊。
The parcel was a whole week late.How I wish I ________ airmail instead！(choose)
答案 had chosen
2．——我们需要一个有智慧的人来负责这个项目。——让那个哈佛大学毕业的年轻人试试怎么样？
—We need a man full of wisdom to take charge of the project.
—__________________the young man graduating from Harvard University ________ a try？(have)
答案 Shall; have
3．我很高兴你告诉我昨天的演出取消了。否则的话，我就会白跑一趟了。
I'm glad you told me about yesterday's show being cancelled.Otherwise I ________ all the way for nothing.(travel)
答案 would/could/might have travelled
4．若不是瓢泼大雨的话，我们上周末便会有一个愉快的旅程。
But for the pouring rain，we ________ a pleasant journey last weekend.(have)
答案 would/could have had
5．——知道他什么时候回来吗？——时间应该不会很长，他说只是去取些水果。
——Any idea when he might be back?
——Well, it ________ long.He said he was just going to get some fruit.(be)
答案 shouldn't be
6．Jack是个空谈家，现在应该是采取行动而非夸夸其谈的时候。
Jack is a great talker.It's high time that he ________ something instead of just talking.(do)
答案 should do/did
7．我姐姐昨天下午在街上遇见他了，所以他不可能参加了你的讲座。
My sister met him in the street yesterday afternoon, so he ________ your lecture.(attend)
答案 can't/couldn't have attended
8．你本不必亲自来，打一个电话就行了。
You ________ in person；a telephone would have been enough.(come)
答案 needn't have come
9．我真希望你昨天去听音乐会了。
I would rather you ________ to the concert yesterday.(go)
答案 had gone
10．真遗憾！考虑到他的能力和经验，他本来是可以做得更好的。
What a pity! Considering his ability and experience，he ________ better.(do)
答案 could have done
四、高考原题单项填空
1．________ I have a word with you? It won't take long.
A. Can B. Must
C. Shall D. Should
答案 A
解析 考查情态动词辨析。分析题干可知，第一句话表示征求对方的许可，即“我可以跟你谈谈吗”。can意为“能够，可以”，符合语境。故选A。
2．It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ________ bring me food.
A. might B. would
C. should D. could
答案 C
解析 考查情态动词辨析。句意为：虽然他们很穷，但他们竟然还带饭菜给我，这使我很难过。should表示“竟然”，表惊讶语气，符合语境。故C项正确。A项意为“可能”；B项意为“愿意”；D项意为“能够”，都与语境不符。
3．People are recycling many things which they ________ away in the past.
A. had thrown B. will be throwing
C. were throwing D. would have thrown
答案 D
解析 考查情态动词和动词的时态。句意为：人们现在正在循环使用他们过去会扔掉的许多东西。根据语境“in the past”可知，此处表示过去发生的动作，且与“People are recycling many things”相呼应可知，此处表示过去会扔掉的东西，是对过去事情的推测，故用“would have done“”的形式。故选D。
4．Life is unpredictable; even the poorest ________ become the richest.
A. shall B. must
C. need D. might
答案 D
解析 考查情态动词。句意为：生活是无法预测的；甚至最穷的人都可能会成为最富的人。might意为“或许”，表推测，符合题意。故选D项。shall意为“应该”；must意为“必须”；need意为“需要”，均与题意不符。
5．—I've prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
—Do you mean we ________ bring anything with us?
A. can't B. mustn't
C. shan't D. needn't
答案 D
解析 考查情态动词辨析。句意为：我已经为这次野餐准备了各种各样的食物。你的意思是我们没有必要带任何东西了吗？根据语境可知，此处强调的是没有必要。故用needn't。故D项正确。
题眼：上句中的“all kinds of food”是解题的关键，正因为带了所有种类的食物，下句才问是否有必要再带东西。
6．My book, The House of Hades, is missing. Who ________ have taken it?
A. need B. must
C. should D. could
答案 D
解析 考查情态动词。need需要，有必要；must一定，必须；should应该；could可能，能够，可以表示推测。由语境可知，此处指谁可能会拿走那本书呢？故D项正确。
7．I've ordered some pizza, so we ________ worry about cooking when we get home tired.
A. can't B. dare not
C. needn't D. may not
答案 C
解析 考查情态动词辨析。句意为：我已经订了一些比萨饼，因此我们到家累了时不需要为做饭担心。needn't意为“不需要”，符合语境。故选C项。can't意为“不可能”；dare not意为“不敢”；may not意为“不可以”，均与语境不符。
8．I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ________ take me to Disneyland at weekends.
A. might B. must
C. would D. should
答案 C
解析 考查情态动词辨析。句意为：我仍然记得我快乐的童年，那时母亲常会在周末带我去迪斯尼乐园。would意为“常会，总是”，可表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。故选C。
9．Although you ________ find bargains in London, it's not generally a cheap place to shop.
A. should B. need
C. must D. can
答案 D
解析 考查情态动词。句意为：虽然你可能在伦敦找到便宜货，但它并不是一个买东西很便宜的地方。can表示可能性，意为“可能”，符合语境。故选D。
10．When I was a child, I ________ watch TV whenever I wanted to.
A. should B. could
C. must D. need
答案 B
解析 考查情态动词。句意为：当我小时候，我无论何时想看电视都可以，表示“可以，能够”，应用情态动词could。故答案选B。
11．We ________ back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map.
A. are B. were
C. will be D. would be
答案 D
解析 考查虚拟语气。分析题干语境可知，主句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，因此空格处应用“would be”。故选D。
12．They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they ________ to our help.
A. would have come B. could come
C. have come D. had come
答案 A
解析 考查虚拟语气。句意为：我们做调查的那几个月，他们一直在国外，不然他们早就来帮我们了。根据从句中的“or”可知，此处是虚拟语气，同时根据前面的“they were abroad”可知，此处是对过去状况的虚拟，因此句中谓语动词用should/would/could/might＋have done结构。故选A项。
13. ________ no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
A. Were there B. Had there been
C. If there are D. If there have been
答案 A
解析 考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果没有现代电信技术，我们将不得不等待数星期才能获得世界范围内的信息。根据句意可知，逗号前表示与现在事实相反的虚拟，应用过去时；且if引导的虚拟语气可省略if，把动词提前。故选A。
14. If Mr. Dewey ________ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.
A. were B. had been
C. should he D. was
答案 B
解析 考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果Dewey先生当时在场的话，他会给那里的人提供任何可能的帮助。根据主句中的“he would have offered...”可知，逗号前是对过去情况的虚拟，故从句应用过去完成时。故B项正确。
15．________ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.
A. Did he catch B. Should he catch
C. Has he caught D. Had he caught
答案 D
解析 考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果他要是赶上了早上的火车，他开会就不会迟到了。根据题干中“would not have been late”可知，本句话是对过去发生事情的虚拟。在if条件句的虚拟语气中，表示对过去发生事情的虚拟时，主句用“would/could/might/should have done”，而从句则用“had done”的形式；同时在if条件的虚拟语气中，当从句中有“were/should”或助动词“had”时，常将if省略，而将这些词提前。故选D。
16．We would rather our daughter ________ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.
A. would stay B. has stayed
C. stayed D. stay
答案 C
解析 考查虚拟语气。句意为：我们宁愿女儿跟我们一起待在家里，但那是她的选择，她不再是孩子了。would rather后所接从句用虚拟语气，表示对现在事实的虚拟时，谓语动词常用一般过去时表示。故C项正确。
17．It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I ________ it?
A. had done B. have done
C. did D. am doing
答案 A
解析 考查虚拟语气。句意为：是John打破了窗户。为什么你跟我说话好像我打破了窗户？根据第一句可知，“打破窗户”发生在过去表示与过去事实相反的假设时，as if从句中的谓语动词应用过去完成时。故选A项。
知识拓展：表示与现在事实相反的假设时，as if从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时。
18．—It rained cats and dogs this morning. I'm glad we took an umbrella.
—Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we ________.
A. hadn't B. haven't
C. didn't D. don't
答案 A
解析 考查虚拟语气。句意为：今天早上下了倾盆大雨。很高兴我带了雨伞。是的，要是没有带伞，我们就湿透了。由句中的“we would have got wet all over”可知，本句是与过去事实相反的虚拟，所以从句用“had＋过去分词”的否定形式。故答案选A。
19．Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam ________ at the age of six months old.
A. was B. be
C. were D. is
答案 B
解析 考查虚拟语气。recommend后面宾语从句中应使用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词用“should do”形式，其中should可以省略，故选B项。
20．—Do you think George has passed the driving test?
—No. If so, he ________ his car to our college yesterday.
A. would drive B. drove
C. would have driven D. had driven
答案 C
解析 考查虚拟语气。句意为：你认为George已经通过驾驶考试了吗？没有，如果他通过了考试，他昨天就会开车来我们学校了。根据语境可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟。在条件状语从句中，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟主句应用“would/could/should/might＋have done”形式。故答案选C。
