课件38张PPT。语法部分专题四 介词及介词短语课时训练44 介词及介词短语
一、用合适的介词填空
1．Three of the town's factories have closed down ________ the space of a year.
答案 within
解析 句意：这个镇里的工厂有三家在一年的时间内就倒闭了。within“在(某段时间)之内”，后加一段时间，符合句意。
2．We often hear children sing songs happily in the kindergarten ________ the street.
答案 across
解析 句意：我们经常可以听到街道另一边幼儿园的小朋友在快乐地唱歌。across表示从某物的表面“横过”。
3．—How smart you are in that suit!
—Can't you see I'm thinner? I've managed to lose my weight ________ 10 pounds.
答案 by
解析 由句中的“Can't you see I'm thinner？”可知，答话人和以前相比瘦了，因此填by。by＋数量词表示升降、增减的程度。
4．Like golf, yoga is a recent arrival ________ China, and could be on its way to becoming a booming business.
答案 to
解析 句意：和高尔夫一样，瑜伽也是近年才出现在中国，它可能会成为一个蓬勃发展的行业。这里用介词to表示“对……来说”。
5．Mr. Carter will be the main speaker ________ the graduation ceremony.
答案 at
解析 句意：Carter先生将作为毕业典礼上主要的发言人。at the graduation ceremony意思是“在毕业典礼上”，为固定短语。
6．To our surprise, the price of oil rose ________ a further $ 2 a barrel.
答案 by
解析 句意：让我们惊讶的是，石油每桶又涨了两美元。表示上升或下降的幅度用介词by。
7．David was always ________ his best in any danger, but at that moment he froze.
答案 at
解析 句意：遇到任何危险大卫都会保持自己的最佳状态，但在那一刻他却愣住了。这里用介词短语at one's best表示“(健康、情绪、才能、竞技等)处于最佳状态，处于全盛时期”。
8．Every teenager needs to experience a not-so-fun first job ________ working at a grocery store to a fast food restaurant.
答案 from
解析 句意：每个青少年都需要经历第一份不太有趣的工作——从在杂货店工作到在快餐店工作。此处是from...to...“从……到……”结构。
9．Tom is one of the top students in our school and the scores he's got in each exam are always far ________average.
答案 above
解析 根据“Tom is one of the top students in our school”可知，汤姆在历次考试中的得分总是高于平均水平。above average“高于平均水平”。
10．—What shall we prepare for our picnic this weekend?
—Well，let's discuss it ________ lunch.
答案 over
解析 句意：——本周末的野餐我们准备些什么呢？——哦，我们吃午饭的时候商量一下吧。这里用介词over表示“在……期间”。
11．The dress is very nice, but not ________ the girl's taste，for she is somehow particular.
答案 to
解析 句意：这件裙子很漂亮，但是不符合这个女孩的口味，因为她有些挑剔。to one's taste“符合某人的口味”，为固定短语。
12．—What do you think of Tom playing football?
—I don't think he is much ________ a good footballer.
答案 of
解析 此处表示“我认为他不是一个很好的足球运动员”，not be much of a(n)＋n.表示“算不上是……”，为固定搭配，符合语境，该句使用了否定转移。
13．Math is ________ me. I can never get high grades.
答案 beyond
解析 句意：数学对我来说很难。我从来都得不了高分。beyond“在……的那边；超过”。
14．The equipment for disabled people should be ________ easy reach in public places.
答案 within
解析 句意：在公共场所为残疾人提供的设备应便于触及。within reach“在够得着的范围”。
15．Scientists are convinced of the positive effect of laughter ________ physical and mental health.
答案 on
解析 句意：科学家们确信笑对人的身心健康有积极的影响。effect后接on，意为“对……的影响”为固定搭配。
16．In some countries, friends kiss ________ both cheeks when they say goodbye.
答案 on
解析 句意：在一些国家，朋友告别的时候，在两边脸颊上亲吻。on表示“在……表面”。
17．Jack, what's your main reason for choosing one restaurant ________ another?
答案 over
解析 句意：杰克，你选择一家饭店而不选择另一家的主要原因是什么？
18．The purpose of the article is to draw public attention ________ the problem.
答案 to
解析 句意：这篇文章的目的是引起公众对这个问题的关注。draw attention to“引起注意”。
19．The accident was my fault，so I had to pay the damage ________ the other car.
答案 to
解析 句意：这次事故是我的错，所以我不得不赔偿另一辆车的损失。the damage to“对……的损失”，用介词to。
20．Our province has recently launched a “Beautiful China, Refreshing Fujian” tourism promotion campaign, ________ its fresh air as the main selling point.
答案 with
解析 with its fresh air as the main selling point是with复合结构。句意：我们省近来推出“美丽中国，清新福建”旅游推广活动，把清新的空气作为主要卖点。
二、用合适的介词完成下列句子，每空一词。
1．穿着红衣服的女孩们在讲意大利语。
The girls dressed ________ red were speaking ________ Italian.
答案 in；in
2．他们面临的任务似乎远远超出他们的能力。
The tasks they were faced ________ seemed far ________ their ability.
答案 with；beyond
3．由于你没有告诉我，我对你很生气。
I'm pretty angry ________ you for not telling me.
答案 with
4．她躺在床上，闭着双眼。
She lay ________ bed ________ her eyes closed.
答案 in；with
5．她一听到这消息就痛哭流涕。
________ hearing the news，she burst ________ tears.
答案 On; into
三、高考原题单项填空
1．Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves ________ half an hour.
A. by B. in
C. for D. until
答案 B
解析 考查介词辨析。分析题干可知，此处指的是火车将在半小时以后出发。in＋一段时间表示“在(某段时间)之后”，故in符合语境。故选B。
2．Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay ________.
A. in place B. in order
C. in shape D. in fashion
答案 C
解析 考查介词短语辨析。句意为：Tom总是在早晨慢跑，他还做俯卧撑来保持体形。C项意为“保持体形”，符合语境。故C项正确。A项意为“准备就绪，在适当的位置”；B项意为“按照顺序”；D项意为“流行”，都与语境不符。
3．There's no reason to be disappointed. ________， this could be rather amusing.
A. Above all B. As a result
C. In addition D. As a matter of fact
答案 D
解析 考查介词短语辨析。句意为：没有理由失望。实际上，这似乎还有些可笑。根据句意可知，as a matter of fact意为“事实上，实际上”，符合语境。above all意为“最重要的是”；as a result意为“结果”；in addition意为“另外”，都与语境不符。故选D项。
4．Our club is open to everyone ________ age, sex or educational background.
A. due to B. except for
C. along with D. regardless of
答案 D
解析 考查介词短语辨析。句意为：我们的俱乐部对所有人开放，不论年龄、性别或教育背景。A项意为“由于，因为”；B项意为“除……以外”；C项意为“与……一起”；D项意为“不顾”。故选D。
5．It is unbelievable that Mr. Lucas leads a simple life ________ his great wealth.
A. without B. despite
C. in D. to
答案 B
解析 考查介词辨析。句意为：尽管Lucas先生很富有，但他却过着简朴的生活，这令人难以置信。despite意为“尽管”，符合题意。故选B项。without意为“没有”；in意为“在……里”；to意为“向”，均与题意不符。
6．Check carrots, potatoes, onions and any other vegetables ________ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.
A. in demand B. in store
C. on loan D. on sale
答案 B
解析 考查介词短语辨析。句意为：检查一下存储的胡萝卜、土豆、洋葱和其他任何蔬菜，立马用掉或者扔掉那些有迹象要坏的蔬菜。A项意为“需要”；B项意为“存储”；C项意为“借贷，贷款”；D项意为“打折，廉价出售”。根据“Check”和“and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting”可知，此处表示检查一下所存储的蔬菜，然后进行适当地处理。故选B。
7．________ the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.
A. In reply to B. In addition to
C. In charge of D. In place of
答案 B
解析 考查介词短语辨析。句意为：除了这所学校外，村里还有一家诊所，也是政府资助修建的。根据题干中的“also”可知，本句话强调除了学校外，这家诊所也是政府援建的，由此可知，答案为B，意为“除……外，还有”，相当于besides。A项意为“作为……的答复”；C项意为“负责管理……”；D项意为“代替……”，均不符合语境。
8．The Scottish girl ________ blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.
A. by B. of
C. in D. with
答案 D
解析 考查介词辨析。句意为：那个蓝眼睛的苏格兰女孩在第五届中文演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。with在此意为“具有，带有”，符合语境。故D项正确。
9．She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went ________ the road.
A. on B. along
C. from D. off
答案 D
解析 考查介词辨析。句意为：她在拐弯处开得如此快以致车子几乎偏离了道路。off the road意为“离开道路”，符合语境。故选D项。on the road意为“在路上”；along the road意为“沿着道路”；from the road意为“从这条路走过”，均与语境不符。
10．While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything ________.
A. in return B. in common
C. in turn D. in place
答案 A
解析 考查介词短语辨析。句意为：在村子里生活期间，James非常无私地与村民们分享了他所有的一切，却不求任何回报。根据句意可知，空格处表示“作为回报”的含义，所以用in return。in common意为“有共同点”；in turn意为“依次，轮流”；in place意为“准备就绪”，都与语境不符。故选A项。
11．People won't pay attention to you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own crying ________ expression.
A. from B. over
C. with D. for
答案 D
解析 考查介词辨析。句意为：当人们还有自己的想法需要诉求和表达的时候，他们是不会注意到你的。根据句意可知，此处cry for是固定短语，意为“急需，要求”，其他三项都不是固定短语，与语境不符。故选D项。
12．Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library ________ a book about it.
A. on B. at
C. for D. to
答案 C
解析 考查介词。句意为：在你参观一个名胜古迹之前，最好在你所在地的图书馆里找一本相关的图书先了解一下。look on看待；look at查看，检查；look for查找；look to注意，指望。根据句意可知，答案C正确。“in your local library”在句中作地点状语，不影响句子结构，做题时可不予考虑。
13．The Smiths are praised ________ the way they bring up their children.
A. from B. by
C. at D. for
答案 D
解析 考查介词辨析。be praised for意为“因……受到赞扬”，为固定短语搭配，故答案选D。
14．I am always delighted when I receive an e-mail from you. ________ the party on July 1st, I shall be pleased to attend.
A. On account of B. In response to
C. In view of D. With regard to
答案 D
解析 考查介词短语辨析。句意为：收到你的电子邮件我总是很高兴。关于7月1日的聚会，我乐意参加。with regard to意为“关于”，符合题意。on account of意为“因为”；in response to意为“答复”；in view of意为“鉴于，考虑到”。故选D项。
知识拓展：在单项填空中，经常会出现搭配相似的短语让考生辨析，如：in honor of，in favour of, in place of，in control of, in charge of等，考生平时要多积累，并注意区分其不同含义。
15．A serious study of physics is impossible ________ some knowledge of mathematics.
A. against B. before
C. beyond D. without
答案 D
解析 考查介词辨析。句意为：没有一些数学知识就不可能认真研究物理。根据题干以及常识可知，数学是物理的基础学科，也就是说物理研究离不开数学知识。由此可知，此处指“没有、离开”的意思，故选D。A项意为“靠着，对着，在……的衬托下”；B项意为“在……之前”；C项意为“超过，越过，在……较远的一边”，均可排除。
16．It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner. ________，I'll set the table.
A. As a result B. On the whole
C. In the meanwhile D. As a matter of fact
答案 C
解析 考查介词短语辨析。句意为：如果你能去商店买些我们晚饭所需的东西，那就帮了我们很大的忙。与此同时，我也会布置好桌子的。空格处有“同时，与此同时”的含义，所以in the meanwhile符合题意。as a result意为“结果是”；on the whole意为“总体上”；as a matter of fact意为“事实上”，均与语境不符。故选C项。
17．Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always ________ whenever she tries to.
A. in the way B. on watch
C. in sight D. on the line
答案 A
解析 考查固定短语辨析。句意为：Smith夫人发现要清理杂物很困难，因为每当她试图清理时，她的孩子们总是碍手碍脚。in the way意为“挡道，碍手碍脚”；on watch意为“值班，监视”；in sight意为“看得见”；on the line意为“处于危险中”。in the way符合语境。故答案选A。
18．The manager wants to see changes in the company, and I am sure he will ________.
A. in particular B. in turn
C. in charge D. in time
答案 D
解析 考查介词短语辨析。A项意为“特别，尤其”；B项意为“轮流”；C项意为“负责”；D项意为“及时，最后”。句意为：经理想看到公司的变化，我确信到最后他一定会看到的。为避免重复，will后承前省略了“see changes in the company”。故D项正确。
19．An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ________ a long lost antique Greek vase.
A. at random B. by chance
C. in turn D. on occasion
答案 B
解析 考查介词短语辨析。句意为：一位去南部岛屿旅行的艺术家在渡口意外发现了一个遗失已久的希腊古董花瓶。A项意为“随意地，漫无目的地”；B项意为“偶然地，意外地，碰巧地”；C项意为“依次，轮流”；D项意为“时而，有时”。故答案选B。
20．Do you think this shirt is too tight ________ the shoulders?
A. at B. on
C. to D. across
答案 D
解析 考查介词。句意为：你认为这件衬衣是不是肩部太紧了？衬衣应该是在“两肩部之间”太紧。across表示“在某物体表面横跨，穿过”，符合语境，故答案选D。A项表示在某一点；B项表示“在……上面”；C项表示“到……”。注意本题不要误选C项“too...to...”结构，此结构中的to为不定式符号，后面应接动词原形。
21．________ all the animals I've ever had, these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word.
A. From B. of
C. For D. With
答案 B
解析 考查介词辨析。句意为：在所有我所拥有的动物当中，这两只狗是对语言最敏感的。由语境可知，此处表示所属关系，应用of，其他介词都不可以表示所属关系，所以选B项。
22．—Thank God you're safe!
—I stepped back, just ________ to avoid the racing car.
A. in time B. in case
C. in need D. in vain
答案 A
解析 考查介词短语辨析。句意为：谢天谢地，你安然无恙！我后退几步，及时避开了赛车。in time意为“及时”，符合语境。故选A项。in case意为“以防万一”；in need意为“需要”；in vain意为“徒劳，无济于事”。
23．China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ________ all its citizens.
A. in charge of B. for the purpose of
C. in honor of D. for the benefit of
答案 D
解析 考查介词短语辨析。句意为：为了所有公民的利益，中国一直在推进公立医院的改革。in charge of负责，管理；for the purpose of为了……目的；in honor of为纪念……for the benefit of为了……的利益。D项符合语境，故选D。
24．The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks ________ in the garden of a traditional home.
A. out of question B. out of order
C. out of sight D. out of place
答案 D
解析 考查介词短语辨析。句意为：这套家具款式新潮，色泽靓丽，与新式房屋和花园配套，但看起来与传统平房花园不相称。D项意为“与……不相称的”，符合句意；A项意为“毫无疑问的”，B项意为“出故障的，次序颠倒的”，C项意为“看不见的，在视野之外的”，均与句意不符。
25．You can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be ________ life.
A. of B. on
C. to D. for
答案 D
解析 考查介词搭配。句意为：你可以换工作，你可以搬家，但是友谊却是终生不变的。for life意为“终生不变”，故选D项。
26．Nothing is so easy as ________ parents to raise their expectations of their children too high.
A. of B. to
C. by D. for
答案 D
解析 考查介词辨析。句意为：没有什么事情是容易的，就和父母把他们对孩子的期望抬得过高一样。so adj. as是形容词原级比较结构，表示“和……一样……”。本题比较的对象是不定式的复合结构，即for sb. to do sth.，故选D。
27．He was a good student and scored ________ average in most subjects.
A. below B. of
C. on D. above
答案 D
解析 考查介词。句意为：他是个好学生，而且他的大多数学科都高于平均分。above意为“在……之上”，符合语境。
28．I'm sorry I didn't phone you, but I've been very busy ________ the past couple of weeks.
A. beyond B. with
C. among D. over
答案 D
解析 考查介词词义辨析。over/in the past couple of weeks表示一段时间，意为“在过去的几个星期里”，通常与完成时态连用。故选D项。
29．Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek ________ food safety problems.
A. in B. to
C. on D. after
答案 B
解析 考查介词辨析。本题解题关键是seek和answer。seek的宾语是answer，所以“________ food safety problems”与seek没有关系。句意为：有时候解决食品安全问题的正确途径不是很难寻找。根据句意可知，本句可改为．..seek proper answers to food safety problems(寻求解决食品安全问题的途径)。故选B项。
30．We'd better discuss everything ________ before we work out the plan.
A. in detail B. in general
C. on purpose D. on time
答案 A
解析 考查介词短语。in general意为“总的来说”；on purpose意为“故意地”；on time意为“准时”，都不符合题意。in detail意为“详细地”，符合题意。句意为：在计划制订之前，我们最好把一切都详细地讨论一遍。
31．When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside ________ younger men.
A. in terms of B. in need of
C. in favor of D. in praise of
答案 C
解析 考查介词短语辨析。in terms of意为“就……而言”；in need of意为“需要”；in favor of意为“赞同”；in praise of意为“赞扬”。句意为：当被问及有关校长的意见时，许多老师更愿意看到他让位支持年轻人。故选C项。
32．Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read ________ the library.
A. in B. for
C. by D. from
答案 D
解析 考查介词。句意为：Shirley真的很爱读书，经常把图书馆的书带回家读。根据句意可知选D。
33．Nick, it's good for you to read some books ________ China before you start your trip there.
A. in B. for
C. of D. on
答案 D
解析 考查介词的用法。on意为“关于”。句意为：尼克，你在开始中国之旅之前，阅读一些关于中国的书籍还是有好处的。故选D项。
34．This shop will be closed for repairs ________ further notice.
A. with B. until
C. for D. at
答案 B
解析 考查介词词义辨析。句意为：这家商店要关门整修直到进一步通知。until意为“直到……”，符合句意，故选B项。
35．More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities ________ space.
A. in search of B. in place of
C. for lack of D. for fear of
答案 C
解析 考查介词短语。in search of“搜寻，寻找”；in place of“代替”；for lack of“由于缺乏”；for fear of“因为害怕”。句意为：在大城市建高楼是由于缺乏空间。
36．My father warned me ________ going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.
A. by B. on
C. for D. against
答案 D
解析 考查介词。by：通过，凭借，依靠；on：根据；for：为了；against：反对；靠着。所填词与warn构成搭配warn sb. against doing sth.句型，意思是：警告某人不要做某事，选D。
37．I guess we've already talked about this before but I'll ask you again just ________.
A. by nature B. in return
C. in case D. by chance
答案 C
解析 考查介词短语辨析。句意为：我想我们之前谈论过这个，但是保不准(in case，以防万一)我还会再问。
38．So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is ________ ideal. We have to work still harder.
A. next to B. far from
C. out of D. due to
答案 B
解析 考查介词短语辨析。far from表示“远未……绝非……决不……”，其后可接名词、动名词等。next to(在……旁边，仅次于)；out of(在……之外)；due to(由于，因为)都不符合题意。
