课件40张PPT。语法部分专题十 定语从句课时训练50 定语从句
一、用适当的介词＋关系代词完成句子。
1．I need to call my friend Mary, ________ ________ the book was left in my office.
答案 of whom
2．Eric received training in computer for one year, ________ ________ he found a job in a big company.
答案 after which
3．A lot of clubs have been organized in the school, ________ ________ students can get enriched and improve themselves.
答案 in which
4．The place ________ ________ the bridge is supposed to be built should be where the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.
答案 at which
5. Mark was a student at this university from 2002 to 2006, ________ ________ ________ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students' Union.
答案 during which time
6．Walkers can unconsciously damage the fragile environment ________ ________ the birds live.
答案 in which
7．This was returned because the person ________ ________ this letter was addressed had died three years ago.
答案 to whom
8．This is my pair of glasses, ________ ________ I cannot see clearly.
答案 without which
9．The letter ________ ________ he has been waiting is from his former head teacher.
答案 for which
10．Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert, ________ ________ everyone is clapping and appreciating your music?
答案 at which
二、下列句子中均有一处关系词使用错误，请改正。
1．This is the hospital when her sister had an operation.
答案 when改为 where
2．The whole city, 75% of its factories and buildings were gone, lay in ruins.
答案 its改为whose
3．Can you think of some cases in that drivers obviously knew the traffic rules but didn't obey them?
答案 that改为which
4．There are two lakes, where cover nearly one thousand square kilometers.
答案 where改为which
5．The yellow house which windows face south is the place where I spent my childhood.
答案 which改为whose
6．Everyone has periods in their lives that everything seems very hard.
答案 that改为when或during which
7．John once talked to his mom about the people and cities which he had visited abroad.
答案 which改为that
8．Those which were trapped under the ruins finally got rescued.
答案 which改为who
9．The couple will fly to France for their honeymoon on their first stop, which they plan to stay for three days.
答案 which改为where或在其前加in
10．I gave that boy so difficult a math problem which he couldn't work out.
答案 which改为as
三、根据句意用适当的定语从句的关系词填空。
1．He returned to his hometown ________ he lived with his family after graduating from the university.
答案 where
2．In a sports team each player has a clear role, and there are few occasions ________ members are confused or uncertain of their roles.
答案 when
3．I don't know the reason ________ you lied to your parents, but you'd better explain.
答案 why
4．I will never forget the three years ________ I spent in the junior middle school.
答案 that/which
5．The audience, most of ________ were students, were very excited to see Li Yang performing on the stage.
答案 whom
6．I have lost a book ________ title escapes me at the moment.
答案 whose
7．We are likely drawn to those ________ have a good opinion of us.
答案 who
8．Li Jiacheng, for ________ life had once been very hard, got success and became the richest man in China.
答案 whom
9．Respecting others' property and personal space, ________ is the foundation to maintain peace in the dormitory, should be obeyed.
答案 which
10．The number of the young people in the United States ________ can't read is large.
答案 who/that
11．His brother, ________ is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college.
答案 who
12．He set free the birds happily, ________ was a celebration for his success.
答案 which
13．There seems to be nothing ________ seems impossible for him in the world.
答案 that
14．In a situation ________ two teams are equally matched, the field advantage becomes a factor.
答案 where
15．He has been to Paris several times, ________ I don't believe.
答案 which
四、高考原题单项填空
1．English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, ________ uses it differently.
A. all of which B. each of which
C. all of them D. each of them
答案 B
解析 考查定语从句与主谓一致。句意为：英语是被几个不同文化共享的一种语言，而每种文化对英语的使用都不尽相同。根据题干结构可知，后半句为非限制性定语从句；同时根据从句谓语“uses”可知，主语应是单数形式。故选B，which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为“several diverse cultures”。
2．Until now, we have raised 50 000 pounds for the poor children, ________ is quite unexpected.
A. that B. which
C. who D. it
答案 B
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：截止到现在，我们已经为贫困儿童筹集了50 000英镑，这很出乎意料。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容，并在从句中作主语，可译为“这件事”。注意：that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选B。
3．I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ________ my classmates recommended to me.
A. who B. which
C. when D. where
答案 B
解析 考查定语从句。在题干中，先行词“the book”在非限制性定语从句中作“recommended”的宾语，因此应用关系代词which作为引导词。故选B。
4．A company ________ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
A. which B. whose
C. who D. why
答案 B
解析 考查定语从句。本句是一个定语从句，“A company”是先行词，“profits”和“A company”是所属关系，所以要用关系代词whose。故选B。
5．The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a good impression is a must.
A. which B. when
C. as D. where
答案 D
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：这本书对我的日常交流起了很大的作用，尤其在必须留下好印象的工作中。分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为“work”，在从句中作地点状语。故用where引导该定语从句。故D项正确。
6．Students should involve themselves in community activities ________ they can gain experience for growth.
A. who B. when
C. which D. where
答案 D
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：学生们应该投身于那些他们在其中能够积累成长经验的社区活动。根据句子结构及句意可知，本句为定语从句，activities为先行词，在从句中作抽象地点状语。故选D。
7．The exact year ________ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.
A. when B. where
C. why D. which
答案 D
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：Angela和家人一起在中国的那一年是2008年。which引导定语从句，在从句中作“spent”的宾语，修饰先行词“The exact year”，符合语境。故选D。
易错点拨：考生看到“The exact year”可能会误选A项。定语从句中关系词究竟选什么主要看两个方面，即先行词和定语从句中所缺的成分。本句中“spent”是及物动词，后面缺少时间宾语，而不是时间状语。故此处用关系代词which而不是关系代词when。
8．Among the many dangers ________ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.
A. which B. what
C. where D. when
答案 A
解析 考查定语从句。先行词“the many dangers”在定语从句中作动词face的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。故选A项。
9．I am looking forward to the day ________ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
A. as B. why
C. when D. where
答案 C
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：我期待着有一天，我的女儿能读懂这本书，并且理解我对她的感情。分析句子成分可知，先行词是“the day”，在定语从句“________ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her”中作时间状语，故可以用when或者on which引导定语从句。故C项正确。
10．Please send us all the information ________ you have about the candidate for the position.
A. that B. which
C. as D. what
答案 A
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：请把你知道的有关这个职位候选人的所有信息发给我们。分析句子成分可知，you have为定语从句，先行词为information，在从句中作宾语，因此用关系代词that或which来引导，又因先行词被all修饰，所以只能用that来引导该定语从句。故A项正确。
易错点拨：该题若仅考虑先行词作宾语容易误选B项，关键要考虑到修饰词all才能排除B项。
11．We'll reach the sales targets in a month ________ we set at the beginning of the year.
A. which B. where
C. when D. what
答案 A
解析 考查定语从句。先行词“the sales targets”在定语从句中作动词“set”的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。故选A项。
12．I didn't become a serious climber until the fifth grade, ________ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.
A. when B. where
C. which D. why
答案 A
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：我直到5年级才成为一个真正的攀登者，那一年我爬上了大树去营救一只被卡在树枝上的风筝。该句中的先行词是“the fifth grade”，在定语从句中作时间状语，应该用关系副词when。故选A项。
13．September 30 is the day ________ which you must pay your bill.
A. by B. for
C. with D. in
答案 A
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：9月30日是你必须付账的截止日期。在这个定语从句中，which指代先行词the day，“by＋时间”意为“截止到”，符合语境。故选A。
14．Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, ________ made one of the Chinese people's long-held dreams come true.
A. it B. that
C. what D. which
答案 D
解析 考查非限制性定语从句。句意为：莫言被授予2012年度诺贝尔文学奖，这使中国人长久以来的梦想终于成为现实。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，代指前面的整个句子，故答案D正确。it代词，用于指代上文中提到的单数可数名词，应用“.”或连词与上文隔开；that不能引导非限制性定语从句；what不能引导定语从句，均可排除。
15．John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ________ are family members.
A. them B. that
C. which D. whom
答案 D
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：John邀请了大约40个人来参加他的婚礼，其中大多数都是他的家庭成员。先行词people在从句中作宾语，因此此处用关系代词whom。故答案选D。
16．Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ________ they live.
A. what B. which
C. when D. where
答案 D
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：现在人们更关心他们所居住的环境。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，the environment为先行词，live为不及物动词，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。故选D。
17．Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was completely cut off from the outside world.
A. when B. where
C. which D. whom
答案 C
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：最后他到了一个完全与世隔绝的孤岛上。分析句子结构可知，a lonely island是先行词，空格后面为定语从句，且定语从句中缺少主语，所以此处应用which，故答案选C。
18．When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house ________ I would be staying.
A. what B. when
C. where D. which
答案 C
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：当我到达后，Bryan就带我去看我即将入住的房子。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，空格后的句子是用来修饰限定先行词the house的，并且因为stay是不及物动词，所以先行词在从句中作地点状语，故选C。
技巧点拨：在定语从句中，关系代词或关系副词可以通过“还原法”来确定，即将先行词代入从句中，如果其在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，就选择相应的关系代词；如果作状语就选择相应的关系副词。
19．Many countries are now setting up national parks ________ animals and plants can be protected.
A. when B. which
C. whose D. where
答案 D
解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为national parks，定语从句中缺少地点状语成分，因此应用where来引导定语从句。故答案选D。
技巧点拨：做定语从句的题时，首先要找对先行词，然后将其代入定语从句中。代入后，如需加介词，则用关系副词(when，why，where)；如不需加介词，则用关系代词(that，which等)。本题中将national parks代入后，需加介词in，表地点，故用关系副词where。
20．The children, ________ had played the whole day long, were worn out.
A. all of what B. all of which
C. all of them D. all of whom
答案 D
解析 考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，题干是非限制性定语从句，故首先排除C项，该句中的先行词是the children，先行词在定语从句中作主语，同时又表示“人”，所以用关系代词whom。故选D项。
知识拓展：定语从句的解题关键是：在主句中找出先行词，然后把先行词“代入”从句中，判断其在从句中的成分，如果作主语或宾语，用关系代词(who，whom，that和which)；如果作状语，则用关系副词(when，where，why)等。
21．The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ________ lives were affected.
A. whose B. that
C. who D. which
答案 A
解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，those后面为定语从句，those为先行词，且those与lives之间为所属关系，所以用whose来引导。故答案选A。
22．A lot of language learning, ________ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.
A. as B. it
C. which D. this
答案 A
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：正如已经发现的那样，很多语言学习在人生的第一年进行。所以在此期间，家长应该多和孩子们交谈。as引导非限制性定语从句，指代句子“A lot of language learning is happening in the first year of life”。which也可引导定语从句，但没有“和……一样/如同”的意思，it和this不能引导定语从句，故选A项。
23．I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ________ help I would never have got this far.
A. who B. whose
C. whom D. which
答案 B
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：我想感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助，我绝不会取得今日的成就。help和Professor Smith在逻辑上构成所属关系，故用whose引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作定语，和help一起修饰先行词Professor Smith。
24．Care of the soul is a gradual process ________ even the small details of life should be considered.
A. what B. in what
C. which D. in which
答案 D
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：对心灵的爱护是一个循序渐进的过程，在这个过程中，甚至生活中很小的细节都应该被关注。分析题干可知，空格处引导的定语从句修饰先行词process，process在从句中作地点状语，故用in which引导，相当于where。
25．Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
A. which B. that
C. when D. where
答案 D
解析 考查定语从句。根据语境可知，先行词position在定语从句中充当地点状语，所以应用关系副词where引导。故选D。句意为：销售主任是这样一个职位，在这个职位上沟通能力与销售技巧同等重要。
26．When deeply absorbed in work, ________ he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.
A. that B. which
C. where D. when
答案 B
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：当沉浸于工作时，他经常会忘记吃饭或睡觉。分析句式结构可知，which引导的非限制性定语从句是用来修饰主句he would forget all about eating and sleeping，而主句中又含有一个when引导的时间状语从句。故答案选B。
27．After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ________ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.
A. which B. who
C. where D. what
答案 B
解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，指人的先行词“people”在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故选B项。
28．Maria has written two novels, both of ________ have been made into television series.
A. them B. that
C. which D. what
答案 C
解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句为一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为two novels，且从句中缺少介词of的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。举一反三：Maria has written two novels，and both of ________ have been made into television series.
A．them B．that
C．which D．what
与原题相比，本题题干添加了一个连词and，也就是说，现在题干是一个并列句，空格处代替上一句指物的复数名词，且作介词of的宾语，所以用代词they的宾格them。故选A。
29．We live in an age ________ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
A. why B. when
C. to whom D. on which
答案 B
解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句为一个定语从句，先行词是an age，且此先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，故应用关系副词when引导，所以选B项。
举一反三：解答定语从句题的关键是：在主句中找出先行词，然后把先行词“代入”从句中，判断其在从句中的“地位”和“作用”。如果作主语和宾语，则用关系代词who，whom，that，which等；如果作状语，则用关系副词when，where，why等。
30．Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, ________ the audience can buy ice-cream.
A. when B. where
C. that D. which
答案 A
解析 考查定语从句。先行词an interval表示时间，且关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，所以选择关系副词when(during which)。that/which做主语或宾语，where是表地点的关系副词。句意为：在两场音乐会的间隙，听众可购买冰淇淋。
31．She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ________ allows them to communicate freely with each other.
A. which B. where
C. what D. who
答案 A
解析 考查定语从句。which引导限定性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词atmosphere。注意定语从句的三大要素：先行词、关系词以及从句中所缺的句子成分，最后一条是关键，缺主语或宾语一般用关系代词；缺状语则要用关系副词。故选A。
32．The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
A. when B. that
C. where D. which
答案 A
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：只靠体力谋生的日子一去不复返了。此处是分隔式定语从句，先行词the days在定语从句中作时间状语。故选A。
33．I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, ________ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.
A. which B. where
C. who D. that
答案 B
解析 考查定语从句。由语境可知，“我”和朋友们一直爬到山顶，在那里欣赏了湖泊的壮丽景色。从题干可知，此句是一个非限制性定语从句，排除D项；先行词是the top of the hill，且定语从句成分齐全，排除A、C两项。故B项正确。
34．She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ________ had taken more than three years.
A. for which B. with which
C. of which D. to which
答案 C
解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句的先行词是the museum，与the construction之间是所有关系，所以用of which，故选C。
35．The school shop, ________ customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.
A. which B. whose
C. when D. where
答案 B
解析 考查定语从句。“________ customers are mainly students”为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少定语，故选whose引导该定语从句，且充当从句的定语，相当于the school shop's。故选B项。
36．Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ________ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.
A. this B. that
C. what D. which
答案 D
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：Ted只穿了短裤和T恤衫来过周末，在这样的天气穿成这样够傻的。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which替代前面一句话，故选D项。
37．I've become good friends with several of the students in my school ________ I met in the English speech contest last year.
A. who B. where
C. when D. which
答案 A
解析 考查定语从句。who引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词several of the students，且在从句中作宾语。
38．That's the new machine ________ parts are too small to be seen.
A. that B. which
C. whose D. what
答案 C
解析 考查定语从句。先行词为machine，此处用whose表示“它的”。(注意whose＋n.相当于the＋n.of which/of which the＋n.)
39．The settlement is home to nearly 1 000 people, many of ________ left their village homes for a better life in the city.
A. whom B. which
C. them D. those
答案 A
解析 考查定语从句。many从属于1 000 people，故用of＋whom引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。
40．The old temple ________ roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.
A. where B. which
C. its D. whose
答案 D
解析 考查定语从句。先行词为temple，此处用whose表示“它的”。(注意whose＋n.相当于the＋n. of which/of which the＋n.)
