人教版（2019） 必修第一册 Unit 5 Languages Around the World课件(共23张PPT)

(共23张PPT)
UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
　Discovering Useful Structures
To learn attributive clause
To use correct relative words in sentences
Learn to distinguish between relative pronouns and relative adverbs
　Learning Objectives:
1 定语从句：是指在复合句中，
修饰______或______的从句。
2 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代
词叫做______ 。
3 引导定语从句的词叫______ 。
Review
名词
代词
先行词
关系词
关系 代词 指代 在定语从句中所充当的成分 人 物 句子 主语 宾语 定语
who
whom
which
that
whose
















The usage of the relative pronouns
Describe your favourite things
1 Look at these sentences and underline the restrictive relative clauses. What kind of information does each clause communicate
It was a time when people were divided geographically.
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language.
These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
① They have reached the point where they have to say goodbye.
他们已经到了不得不说再见的地步。
② The reason why he has enlarged his vocabulary is that he reads English novels every day.
他扩大词汇量的原因是他每天都读英语小说。
③ The reason (that/which) he gave us at the meeting made no sense.
他在会上给我们的理由毫无意义。
关系副词 基本用法 例句
when 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语 I will never forget the semester when (＝during/in which) I majored in English.
why 引导定语从句时，先行词通常是reason, 关系词在从句中作原因状语 I didn’t know the reason why(＝for which) he demanded that we should do such a foolish thing.
where 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语 Last summer holiday, I visited Denmark where (＝in which)I learned some dialects.
Ⅱ. “介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句
关系副词when, where, why引导定语从句时，关系副词也可用“介词+关系代词“代替。
(1)when可以换成“介词＋which”。
(2)where可以换成“介词＋which”。
(3)why可以用for which来代替。
（2）“介词+ 关系代词”的结构
①“介词+ which”在定语从句中分别可作时间、地点和原因状语，代替相应的关系副词when，where 和why。
I still remember the day on which（= when） I first came to school. 我仍然记得初来学校的那一天。
The factory in which（= where） I work is a large one. 我工作的那家工厂是一个大工厂。
②“介词+ which（指物）/whom（指人）”在定语从句中作地点状语，表示存在关系，定语从句中的主谓常常要倒装。
They arrived at a farm house，in front of which sat a small boy.
他们来到一处农舍，农舍前边坐着一个小男孩。
③“不定代词或数词+ of + which（指物）/whom（指人）”在定语从句中作主语，说明整体中的一部分。
China has a lot of islands，one of which is Hainan Island. 中国有许多岛屿，其中之一是海南岛。
④“介词+ which（指物）/whom（指人）”在定语从句中作目的、方式或地点状语。
The man，from whom I learned the news，is an engineer.
这个人是一位工程师，我是从他那里得到这个消息的。
⑤“名词+ of which”代替“whose + 名词”在定语从句中作定语。
I saw some trees，the leaves of which（= whose leaves ） were black with disease.
我看见一些树，它们的叶子因患病而发黑。
⑥ “介词+ which（指物）/whose（指人）”修饰后面的名词。
It rained all night and all day，during which time the ship broke into pieces.
雨下了一天一夜，就在这期间轮船撞碎了。
【易错提示】
当定语从句中的谓语动词短语是固定搭配且不可分割时，那么该动词短语中的介词不能前置，如listen to, look at, look for, look into, depend on, make use of, pay attention to, take care of等。
This is the pants (which/that) I’m looking for.
这是我正在找的那条短裤。
Tom is an honest man (who/whom) you can depend on. 汤姆是个诚实的人，你可以信赖他。
介词选择 “一先”，即根据先行词确定介词 I don’t know the reason for which(＝why) he was late.
“二搭”，即根据定语从句中的谓语动词、形容词确定介词 In the dark street there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.
The two things about which Karl Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms.
“三句意”，即根据定语从句的意义确定介词。 This is the pilot with whom my brother has worked for ten years.
单句语法填空
（1）We will never forget the day ________ we flew at an altitude of 6，000 meters in the sky.
（2） Finally，we got to a factory，________ many mobile phones of high quality were produced.
（3） It’s helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves differently.
（4） This is the house __________ was built by my grandfather forty years ago.
（5） I don’t know the reason ________ he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday.
（6） I won’t listen to the reason __________ you have given us.
when
where
where
that/which
why
that/which
When I started studying German，it was a struggle. The words felt strange on my tongue，and the grammar would not stay in my head. I told my mum that I wanted to give up，and that I would never live in a country ________________ German was spoken. My mum told me that studying a language was not just for my future. It was exercise for the brain； the more I learnt of a language，the more my brain would grow. And I remember that day ________________ I suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language. It felt like my brain had doubled in size. I had finally come to a place ________________ I could think in this foreign language，and I could see the world from a different point of view. I felt as if I had reached the goal ________________ I had been fighting for. I could open a book and see meanings，not just a sea of words. I finally understood the reason ____________my mum had encouraged me not to give up. Thanks，Mum!
where/in which
when/on which
where/at which
that/which
why
单句语法填空
the day ________ which I settled in China.
the days ________ which I lived here.
the month ________ which I stayed there.
________ which I spent 5 dollars.
________ which I paid 5 dollars.
________ which I learnt a lot.
________ which Tom often talks.
（3） My computer，________ which I can’t surf the Internet，crashed yesterday.
（4） This is the man ________ whom you could turn for help.
（5） She’s the very person in ________ bag I found my lost journal.
（2）This is the book
（1）I remember
on
during
in
on
for
from
about
without
to
whose
同义句转换
（1） The date when I joined the army was October 12，1960.
→ The date ________ ________ I joined the army was October 12，1960.
（2） The house where Mark lived is now a library.
→ The house ________ ________ Mark lived is now a library.
（3） Is that the reason why she suddenly changed her mind
→ Is that the reason________ ________ she suddenly changed her mind
（4） The old man has two sons，and both of them are lawyers.
→ The old man has two sons，________ ________ ________ are lawyers.
（5）［词汇复现］The building had been repaired，
whose roof was destroyed again in the big fire.
→ The building had been repaired，________ ________ ________ ________was destroyed again in the big fire.
on which
in which
for which
Both of whom
of which the roof
/the roof of which
【牛刀小试】　
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. Self-driving is an area _________ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
2. Creating an atmosphere _________ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
3. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time ________ he should be able to be independent.
where
where
when
4. Some experts think reading is the basic skill _______________ school education depends on.
5. Students should involve themselves in community activities ______ which they can gain experience for growth.
6. The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform _________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.
7. I don’t know the reason _______ he has enlarged his vocabulary in such a short time.
that/which
in
where
why
8. Could you tell me the reason _______________ was related to his failure in this interview last week
9. There is a hole in the wall ___________ which you can see what is happening outside.
10. The thing _______________ the boy is interested in is the time ________ the party will be held.
that/which
through
that/which
when
1. 我永远都不会忘记我们在一起练习中国书法的日子。
____________________________________________________________________
2. 你应该积极参加可以提高你社交技能的志愿者活动。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. 我们的老师正努力在课堂上创造一种我们可以自由地表达想法的氛围。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I will never forget the days when we practised Chinese calligraphy together.
You should take an active part in volunteer activities where/in which you can improve your social skills.
Our teachers are struggling to create an atmosphere in class where/in which we can express our ideas freely.
4. 越来越多的外国人对中国的传统文化感兴趣有不同的原因。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. 无论你遇到什么麻烦，我都是你可以依赖的人。
___________________________________________________________________________
There are various reasons why/for which an increasing number of foreigners are interested in the traditional Chinese culture.
No matter what trouble you meet, I am the person(who/whom) you can depend on.
Thank You!