人教版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world Discovering Useful Structures 课件(共31张PPT)

(共31张PPT)
Attributive Clause
为什么用定语从句？
用一个词不能尽情表达你想说的意思时，就用短语；
如果短语还不能满足，就用从句。
这是我的杯子 This is my cup.
这是装满茶水的杯子 This is the cup full of tea.
这是我喝茶用的杯子 This is the cup which I drink tea with.
使用一个句子来修饰一个名词或代词时，那这个句子叫做定语从句。定语从句相当于一个形容词。
定语从句的定义：
在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，定语从句相当形容词的作用在句中作定语。被修饰的词叫做先行词，连接先行词和从句的叫关系词.
e.g.The girl is Mary. Mary is brave and clever.
先行词
关系词
The girl who is brave and clever is Mary.
定语从句
主句
1.The number of people who lost homes reached as many as 250,000.
2.This is the man whom we talked about.
3.The building which stands near the river is our school.
4.He asked to do things in a way that did not do harm to others.
5.Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there
6.This is the book which you want.
7.He lives in the room whose door is green.
8. The girl whose father is a doctor studies very well.
找出先行词、关系词及定语从句
关系代词的作用？
1. 引导定语从句；
2. 代替先行词；
3.在从句中充当一个成分。
关系副词的作用？
1. 引导定语从句；
2. 代替先行词；
3.在从句中作状语。
关系代词：who，whom，whose，that，which，as
关系副词：when，where，why
关系副词的用法
1. This is the house where I lived 20 years ago.
2. I still remember the day when I first met him.
3. Can you tell me the reason why you lied to me
1.观察先行词有什么特点？
2.从句中缺少什么成分？
地点
缺地点状语in the house
时间
缺时间状语on the day
原因
缺原因状语
for this reason
when的用法
① When 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语，可用“介词+ which” 来替换。
I’ll never forget the day when (on which) I joined the team .
I’ll never forget the day.
I joined the team on that day.
when作时间状语
先行词为时间类，一定用关系副词when吗？
可以用that/which吗？
★不能看到时间就用when，要看从句缺什么成分
I’ll never forget the day ______ I lived in the mountains.
I’ll never forget the day _______________ I spent in the mountains.
when
that/which/省略
缺时间状语
缺spent的宾语
when引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的名词 time, hour, day, year, moment, occasion 时刻，age年代，period阶段, stage时期，interval 间隙等词 , 并在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于介词 (in/on/during)+which
I’ll never forget the stage in which(when) I studied in the school.
我永远不会忘记我在学校学习的时期。
where的用法
② Where 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，可用“介词+ which” 来替换。
The school where(in which) my son studies is near a park.
The school is near a park.
My son studies in this school.
分解
where作地点状语
先行词为地点类，一定用关系副词where吗？
可以用that/which吗？
★不能看到地点就用where, 要看从句缺什么成分
This is the house _______ he was born.
This is the house _____________ was set up by his parents.
where
that/which
缺地点状语
缺主语
where 还可用在表示抽象意义的地点名词后，如situation, stage, point, case, position, condition, activity, scene, occasion等,意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况或情况中”。
They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.
Their child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences.
why的用法
③Why 引导定语从句时，先行词通常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，可用“for+ which” 来替换。
Do you know the reason why (for which) he is so upset
Do you know the reason？
He is so upset.
why作原因状语
先行词为原因，一定用关系副词why吗？
可以用that/which吗？
★不能看到reason 就用why，要看从句缺什么成分
This is the reason _____ he was late.
This is the reason ____________he told us for his being late.
why
that/which
缺原因状语
缺told的直接宾语
关系副词 相当于 被代替的先行词 在从句中作成分
in, at等介词+which
表示地点的名词
at, in, on, during等介词+which
地点状语
表示时间的名词
时间状语
for+which
reason
原因状语
where
when
why
This is the college ________________I visited.
This is the college________________ I studied three years ago.
I’ll never forget the day________________we spent together.
I’ll never forget the day ___________ I got married.
This is not the reason _____________ I want to listen to.
This is the reason__________he gave.
This is the reason___________ I love you.
(that/ which)
where
(that/ which)
when
(that/which)
(that/which)
why
一找从句；
二划先行词（还原法）；
三定关系词
作主/宾/定 关系代词
作状 关系副词
单句语法填空
1．We visited the house ________ the famous scientist once lived.
2．The photo reminded me of the days ________ I played hide－
and－seek with my brother and I stayed for six years.
3．It was a period ________ they had discussion very frequently.
4．The problem has come to a point ________ everyone has
different opinions and it is difficult to reach an agreement.
where
when
when
where
6．One of the reasons ______ he was refused in the interview was
that his spoken English was terrible.
7．I'll never forget the day ________ I joined the robot club.
8．Miss Smith is an excellent teacher ________ whom I have
learned a lot.
9．They have two children, both of ________ work in large
companies.
why
when
from
whom
根据汉义用定语从句补全句子
1. There are many reasons________________________________.(人们学习一
门外语的）
2. He couldn't remember the place______________________(他藏钱的).
3. Are you the person_________________________(他们正在寻找的).
4. For the young people ____________________________(想出国学习的)our
school is a good choice.
5. The days___________________________________(中国人被人看不起的)
are gone.
6. After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town
________________ (他长大的)as a child.
7. This is the reason ______________________________.(他开会迟到的)
why people learn a foreign language
where he hid the money
whom they are looking for
who want to go abroad to study
when Chinese were looked down upon
where he grew up
why he was late for the meeting
1.关系代词的确定
Do you know the girl with ________ our teacher is talking
This is the room in ___________ my grandmother used to live.
whom
which
介词+关系代词
如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”
如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”
What can you find
2. 介词的确定
根据先行词的搭配关系：
1) I still remember the day _______ _______ I met TFboys.
2) I will never forget the farm _______ ______ I worked with you.
3) The money _______ _______ you were to buy food is gone.
on which
on which
with which
(on the day 在那天)
(on the farm 在农场)
(with the money 用钱)
介词+关系代词
2. 介词的确定
根据谓语动词或形容词的搭配习惯
Do you like the book _______ _______ she spent $10
2) Do you like the book _______ _______ she paid $10
3) The West Lake, _______ _______ Hangzhou is famous, is a
beautiful place.
on which
for which
for which
介词+关系代词
2. 介词的确定
根据句子的意思来确定
1) Air, _______ which man can’t live, is really important. 空气非常重要，没有了它人类便不能生存。
2) This is the man _______ whom my brother has worked for ten years. 这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那个人。
without
with
介词+关系代词
2. 介词的确定
表示“所有”或“整体的一部分”时通常用介词 “of”
1) He has two sons, _____________ graduated from Peking University. 他有两个儿子，他们都毕业于北京大学。
2) Tom wrote many children’s books, nearly half __________ were about campus culture. 汤姆写了很多儿童书籍，其中将近一半是关于校园文化的。
both of whom
of which
介词+关系代词
用介词 ＋ 关系代词填空。
1. Who is the person _______ _______ you just shook hands
2. China is a powerful country, _______ _______ we are proud.
3. This is the tree _______ _______ we used to play games.
4. This is my glasses, _______ _______ I can’t see clearly.
5. Do you remember the day _______ _______ you joined our club
6. Do you know the reason _____ _______ he lost the job
即学即练
with whom
without which
under which
of which
on which
for which
[温馨提示]　有些“动词＋介词”构成的短语如look for，look after，call on等，如果介词提前将会失去动词短语的意义，所以不可把介词置于关系代词前。
Is this the brochure which she is looking for
这就是她在找的那本册子吗？
The babies whom the nurses are looking after are healthy.
护士们在照看的婴儿都很健康。
2.有时“介词＋关系代词”前还会有名词、数词、代词等，表示部分、整体、数量等概念。
The river，the banks of which are covered with trees，flows to the sea.
这条河流入大海，河的两岸都是树。
In the class there are 50 students，most of whom are very hard-working.
这个班里有50名学生，其中大多数都很勤奋。
返 回
Dear Tom，
How are you going these days I’m writing to tell you about our school’s Sports Club，1.__________________________________________ ________(体育俱乐部经常为我们学生组织各种各样的活动).
The Sports Club is located in our school’s gym,2._________________ ______________________________(在体育俱乐部学生可以锻炼或者练习他们的技能).At weekends，it is available for all students 3._________ _______________________(对体育赛事感兴趣的学生).The reason 4.____ _____________________(我们喜欢体育俱乐部) is that it enriches our campus life.
完成下列语段，尽可能地运用定语从句
where students can
take exercise or practise their skills
who are
interested in sports events
why
we like the Sports Club
which often organizes various activities for us
students
All in all，all of us can work out for half an hour every day,5.__________
_______________________________(通过锻炼我们可以增强我们的体质).
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
返 回
which we can strengthen our body
through
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Do you still remember the day when we took the first aid course
2．I don’t know the reason why the athlete gave up halfway through the competition.
3．This is the place where the famous headmaster delivered a speech.
4．Have you heard of the flood which our teacher referred to
5．This is the farm on which my father grows fruit and vegetables.
6．This is the athlete from whom we have learnt a lot.
7．I’ll never forget the day which/that I spent with my cousins in the mountains.
8．The reason that/which he explained at the meeting was not reasonable.
9．We have entered into an age when dreams have the best chance of coming true.
10．Creating an atmosphere where employees feel part of a team is of great importance.
Ⅱ.把下列句子合并为定语从句
1．This is the humorous guy.I often talk about him with you.
→This is the humorous guy about whom I often talk with you.
2．I will show you the book.In the book I found the answer.
→I will show you the book in which/where I found the answer.
3．There came a day.The rain fell at last then.
→There came a day when the rain fell at last.
4．There are forty students in our class.Twenty of the students in our class are girls.
→There are forty students in our class，twenty of whom are girls.
5．The old man stood beside the window.Through the window he could see his wife weaving a sweater for him.
→The old man stood beside the window，through which he could see his wife weaving a sweater for him.