北师大版初中英语八年级下册Unit 2 Lesson 4 Animal Talk第2课时
一、英汉短语互译
1．英汉短语互译
（1）听到某人正在做某事
（2）bark at sb.
（3）at the moment
（4）一周三次
（5）制造噪音
（6）和某人交流;和某人沟通
二、用 for, since 填空
2．She has lived in Beijing five years. (for/ since)
3．My uncle has worked there two years ago. (for/ since)
4．They have been friends 2008. (for/ since)
5．The movie has been on twenty minutes. (for/ since)
6．I have lived with my grandparents I moved there. (for/ since)
三、根据句意和汉语提示写出所缺的单词
7．She has worked for the factory (自……以来) she moved to the city.
8．Lisa's brother wants to be a (驯兽师).
9．I didn't want my brother to find my wallet, so I. (隐藏) it under the bed.
10．I'm afraid of the dog because it may (咬) me.
11．So far I haven't (发现) who took away my books.
四、用所给词的适当形式填空
12．The students (visit) the museum twice before.
13．My family (buy) a new house last year.
14． the girl ever (break)school rules
15．My father (be) a teacher for 20 years.
16．Mike (live) here since 2002.
17．— Have you read Alice s Adventures in Wonderland
— Yes, I have. I already (read) it.
18． Tina (decide) which book to read yet
19．Ever since then, Tom (be) a fan of NBA.
五、单项选择
20．I __________ an invitation to the concert. I can't wait to go can't wait to go.
A．receive B．will receive C．was receiving D．have received
21．It's nice to see you again. We ____________ each other for a long time.
A．didn't see B．haven't seen C．won't see D．didn't seen
22．—Oh, Helen. You have so many photos of Shanghai Disneyland
—Yes, I ___________ there three times. It's fantastic.
A．am B．was C．have been D．will be
23．— Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it
— In April. I _______________ it for seven months.
A．have had B．had C．have bought D．bought
24．— Where is your father
— He isn't at home. He _______________ Zhejiang.
A．has gone to B．has been to C．have been to
六、短文填空
根据短文内容，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。
cage, other, watch, take, ,two with, thin, careful, clear, open
Helen loves small animals very much. One day she found two weak birds in the grass. She 25． them home and put them in a small cage. She looked after them 26． and the birds became strong again. They often thanked her 27． beautiful songs. But something happened one morning. Helen left the door of the cage 28． , and one bird flew out from the cage. Helen hurried to catch it, so the bird was in the 29． again. It looked unhappy, and it became thinner and 30． . A few days later, it died. Helen was very sad. She thought her great love had killed the bird. The 31． bird was moving here and there in the cage. Helen knew the bird needed freedom. It wanted to fly into the 32． and blue sky. So she took it out of the cage and let it fly away. The bird circled once, 33． , three times... Helen enjoyed 34． the bird flying happily. It sang the sweetest song that she had ever heard. The easiest way to lose love is to hold it too tight. The best way to keep love is to give it wings.
七、任务型阅读
阅读短文，回答下列各题
Small Talk
Americans
often have short conversations, called small talk, about unimportant things
with strangers or people they know but not very well. They may have small talk
at parties while waiting in line at the store, at family events or work. It's a
way to say hi and express friendliness.
Small talk
is very useful. It can avoid comfortable silences and build stronger
relationships. For example when you first meet someone or talk to someone you
don't know well, you can break the ice by making small talk. Small talk with a
colleague (同事) about his child may help you to understand more of
his life outside the office.
In 2013,
researchers from the University of Essex asked some people to make small talk
in a study. They found small talk could make people happier. People who talked
briefly (短暂地) with a waiter in a coffee shop felt happier than
those who simply went in, ordered and left.
However, some
people are not good at small talk. Here are some tips to improve your
small-talking ability.
Firstly,
find common ground. When you have something similar with your speaking partner,
that means you have something to talk about.
Secondly,
ask open-ended questions. They are suitable (合适的) for small
talk. For example, if you ask visitors whether they like your city, they may
simply Say "Yes", But if you ask "What do you think of our
city", they will have more freedom in how they answer.
Thirdly,
become a student. Nobody knows everything. So, as someone is answering one of
your open-ended questions, they bring up something about which you know
nothing. So, tell them! This lets the other person become the teacher. They
feel good about sharing their knowledge and you get to learn something. It's a
win — win situation.
Finally,
practice makes perfect. Like anything, getting good at making small talk takes
practice.
If you
make small talk in your native language, you might become happier. If you are
making small talk using English, you will most surely improve your speaking and
listening skills.
35．Do Americans often have small talk
36．Why is small talk useful
37．What did some researchers from the University of
Essex find in 2013
38．What kind of questions are suitable for small talk
39．What does the writer tell us about small talk in the
passage
答案解析部分
1．【答案】（1）hear sb. doing sth.
（2）（狗）朝某人叫
（3）现在，此刻
（4）three times a week
（5）make noises
（6）communicate with sb.
【知识点】汉译英；英译汉；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】（1）听到某人正在做某事，hear sb. doing sth，是固定搭配，故答案为hear sb. doing sth。
（2）bark at sb，（狗）朝某人叫，是固定搭配，故答案为（狗）朝某人叫。
（3）at the moment ，现在，此刻，是固定搭配，故答案为现在，此刻。
（4）一周，a week，三次，three times，表示频率，故一周三次的用法是，故答案为three times a week。
（5）制造噪音，make noises，是固定搭配，故答案为make noises。
（6）和某人交流；和某人沟通，communicate with sb.，是固定搭配，故答案为communicate with sb.。
【点评】考查汉译英，英译汉，注意所给词提示，拼写正确形式，识记hear sb. doing sth和make noises等用法。
2．【答案】for
【知识点】选词填空；for与since的用法区别
【解析】【分析】句意：她在北京住了五年了。since+段时间+ago=since+点时间=for+段时间，是现在完成时标志，根据five years是段时间，可知用for，故答案为for。
【点评】考查选词填空，注意识记介词for的用法。
3．【答案】since
【知识点】选词填空；for与since的用法区别
【解析】【分析】句意：我叔叔两年前就在那里工作了。since+段时间+ago=since+点时间=for+段时间，是现在完成时标志，根据two years ago，可知是since+段时间+ago的用法，故答案为since。
【点评】考查选词填空，注意识记since+段时间+ago的用法。
4．【答案】since
【知识点】选词填空；for与since的用法区别
【解析】【分析】句意：他们自2008年以来一直是朋友。since+段时间+ago=since+点时间=for+段时间，是现在完成时标志，根据2008是点时间，可知用since，故答案为since。
【点评】考查选词填空，注意识记since+点时间的用法。
5．【答案】for
【知识点】选词填空；for与since的用法区别
【解析】【分析】句意：电影已经开始20分钟了。since+段时间+ago=since+点时间=for+段时间，是现在完成时标志，根据twenty minutes是段时间，可知是for+段时间，故答案为for。
【点评】考查选词填空，注意识记for+段时间的用法。
6．【答案】since
【知识点】选词填空；for与since的用法区别
【解析】【分析】句意：自从我搬到那里，我就一直和祖父母住在一起。since引导时间状语从句，主句是是现在完成时，从句是一般过去时，故答案为since。
【点评】考查选词填空，注意识记since引导时间状语从句的用法。
7．【答案】since
【知识点】单词拼写；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：自从她搬到这个城市以来，她一直在这家工厂工作。自……以来，since，是连词，故填since。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意识记since的用法。
8．【答案】trainer
【知识点】单词拼写；可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：丽莎的哥哥想成为一名驯兽师。不定冠词修饰名词单数，驯兽师，trainer，是可数名词，故填trainer。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意识记trainer的用法
9．【答案】hid
【知识点】单词拼写；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：我不想让我哥哥找到我的钱包，所以我把它藏在床底下了。隐藏，hide，是动词，根据didn't，可知时态是过去时，故用过去时hid，故填hid。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意识记hide的过去式hid的用法。
10．【答案】bite
【知识点】单词拼写；动词原形
【解析】【分析】句意：我怕狗，因为它可能咬我。may是情态动词，其后用动词原形，咬，bite，是动词，故填bite。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意识记bite的用法。
11．【答案】discovered
【知识点】单词拼写；过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：到目前为止我还没有发现是谁拿走了我的书。so far，到目前为止，是现在完成时标志，发现，discover，haven't是助动词，故此处缺少过去分词，故填discovered。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意识记discover，现在完成时的用法。
12．【答案】have visited
【知识点】语法填空；过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：学生们以前参观过两次博物馆。visit是谓语动词，twice是现在完成时标志，主语是名词复数，故助动词用have，visited是过去分词，故填have visited。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记现在完成时，主谓一致的用法。
13．【答案】bought
【知识点】语法填空；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：我家去年买了一栋新房子。buy是谓语动词，last year是一般过去时标志，故用过去式bought，故填bought。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记过去式bought的用法。
14．【答案】Has；broken
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；一般疑问句；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：这个女孩曾经违反学校规则吗 根据句子ever可知，ever一般与现在完成时连用，表示过去的行为对现在的影响，此处主语是名词单数，所以用has done形式，break过去分词为broken，根据后面的问号和句子结构可知，此处是一般疑问句，has提前，且句首单词首字母大写，故填Has，broken。
【点评】考查现在完成时，主谓一致和一般疑问句。注意根据语境选择正确的时态。
15．【答案】has been
【知识点】语法填空；过去开始发生的动作一直持续到现在；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：我父亲当了20年的老师。be是系动词，for 20 years是现在完成时标志，故谓语动词用have been的形式，主语是第三人称单数，故助动词用has，故填has been。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记现在完成时，主谓一致的用法。
16．【答案】has lived
【知识点】语法填空；过去开始发生的动作一直持续到现在；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：迈克自2002年以来一直住在这里。lIve，居住，是谓语动词，since 2002是现在完成时标志，主语是第三人称单数，故助动词用has，lived是过去分词，故填has lived。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记现在完成时，主谓一致的用法。
17．【答案】have；read
【知识点】语法填空；过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：——你读过《爱丽丝梦游仙境》吗？——是的，我有。我已经读过了。already是现在完成时标志，read是谓语动词，主语是I，故助动词用have，read的过去分词是read，故填have，read。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记现在完成时，主谓一致，过去分词read的用法。
18．【答案】Has；decided
【知识点】语法填空；过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：蒂娜决定读哪本书了吗？yet是现在完成时标志，decide是谓语动词，主语是第三人称单数，故助动词用has，故填Has ，decided。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记现在完成时，主谓一致的用法。
19．【答案】has been
【知识点】语法填空；过去开始发生的动作一直持续到现在；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：从那时起，汤姆就成了NBA的球迷。Ever since then是现在完成时标志，主语是第三人称单数，故助动词用has，be是系动词，过去分词是been，故填has been。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记现在完成时，主谓一致的用法。
20．【答案】D
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：我收到了音乐会的邀请。我等不及要走，等不及要走。A动词原形，B将来时，C过去进行时，D现在完成时，此处缺少过去的动作对现在的影响，故用现在完成时，故选D。
【点评】考查时态，注意识记现在完成时的用法。
21．【答案】B
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：很高兴再次见到你。我们彼此相处了很长时间。for a long time是现在完成时标志，故谓语动词用have done的形式，故选B。
【点评】考查时态，注意识记现在完成时的用法。
22．【答案】C
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：——哦，海伦。你有这么多上海迪士尼乐园的照片。——是的，我去过三次。棒极了。A一般现在时，B一般过去时，C现在完成时，D一般将来时，根据three times，可知是现在完成时标志，故选C。
【点评】考查时态，注意识记现在完成时的用法。
23．【答案】A
【知识点】非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换
【解析】【分析】句意：——你的新表真漂亮!你什么时候买的？——4月。我已经买了七个月了。A现在完成时，持续动词，B一般过去时，C现在完成时，瞬间动词，D一般过去时，for seven months是现在完成时标志，搭配持续性动词，bought是瞬间动词，持续动词是have had，故选A。
【点评】考查时态，注意识记现在完成时，持续性动词的用法。
24．【答案】A
【知识点】gone to/been to用法比较；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：——你爸爸在哪儿？——他不在家。他去浙江了。have been to，过去某地，现在已返回，have gone to，去了某地，强调去了地方，但还没返回，根据He isn't at home，可知用have gone to，主语是第三人称单数，故助动词用has，故选A。
【点评】考查固定搭配，注意识记have gone to，主谓一致的用法。
【答案】25．took；26．carefully；27．with；28．open；29．cage；30．thinner；31．other；32．clear；33．twice；34．watching
【知识点】选词填空；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了海伦非常喜欢小动物。有一天，她把捡来的小鸟放在笼子里细心的照顾着。但是有天笼子的门开了，一只鸟从笼子里飞出来，海伦把它抓抓回了笼子里，后来这只鸟就越来越不开心，越来越瘦，最后死了。海伦很伤心，她以为她强烈的爱杀死了这只鸟。后来海伦放了另一只鸟。文章通过这个故事揭示了一个道理：失去爱的最轻松的方式就是把握得太紧。保持爱的最好方法就是给它翅膀。
cage，笼子，other，其他的，watch，欣赏，take，带着，two，二，with，有，thin，瘦的，careful，小心的，clear，清楚的，open，打开
【点评】考查选词填空，注意根据提示词和上下文的逻辑关系，推测词意，注意过去时，副词，比较级，动名词，代词等用法。
25．句意：她把它们带回家，放在一个小笼子里。take sth. home，将某物带回家，描述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，take的过去时是took，故填took。
26．句意：她仔细地照料着它们，鸟儿们自一次变得强壮起来。副词修饰动词look after，根据提示词可知是仔细地照料，careful是形容词，carefully，是副词，精心地，故填carefully。
27．句意：他们经常用优美的歌曲来感谢她。介词with+名词作状语，表示方式，用……，故填with。
28．句意：海伦让鸟笼的门开着，一只鸟从鸟笼里飞了出来。根据一只鸟从鸟笼里飞了出来，和提示词可知是leave sth+形容词open，让鸟笼的门开着，open是形容词，故填open。
29．句意：海伦急忙去抓住它，于是鸟儿又回到了笼子里。the定冠词修饰名词，根据one bird flew out from the cage，可知是回到笼子里，cage，是名词，故填cage。
30．句意：它看起来很不开心，而且越来越瘦。比较级+and+比较级，是程度递变比较，越来越……，根据thinner and，可知是越来越瘦，故填thinner。
31．句意：另一只鸟在笼子里飞来飞去。最开始笼子里有两只鸟儿，之后死了一只，那么此处说的就是另外一只鸟儿，表示两个中的另一个用the other，故填other。
32．句意：它想飞向晴朗的蓝天。根据and blue sky和提示词可知是and前后一致，都是形容词，故用形容词clear表示晴朗的蓝天，故填clear。
33．句意：鸟儿盘旋了一圈，两圈，三圈。根据once，three times，可知此处缺少频率副词，twice，two是基数词，故填twice。
34．句意：海伦喜欢看鸟儿快乐地飞翔。enjoy doing，开心的做某事，故用动名词，根据flying happily和提示词可知是看到鸟快乐的飞翔，watch是动词，故填watching。
【答案】35．Yes. / Yes, they do.
36．Because it can avoid uncomfortable silences and build stronger relationships.
37．Small talk can make people happier.
38．Open — ended questions.
39．What small talk is, the benefits of it and how to improve our small — talking ability.
【知识点】任务型阅读；社会现象类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍什么是闲聊，它的好处和如何提高我们的闲聊能力。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
35．根据 Americans often have short conversations, called small talk，可知美国人经常进行简短的交谈，称为闲聊，故是肯定回答，故答案为Yes. / Yes, they do。
36．根据Small talk is very useful. It can avoid comfortable silences and build stronger relationships，可知闲聊是很有用的。它可以避免舒适的沉默，建立更牢固的关系，故答案为Because it can avoid uncomfortable silences and build stronger relationships。
37．根据They found small talk could make people happier，可知他们发现闲聊能让人更快乐，故答案为Small talk can make people happier。
38．根据ask open-ended questions. They are suitable for small talk，可知问一些开放式的问题。他们适合闲聊，故答案为Open — ended questions。
39．本文作者告诉我们什么是闲聊，它的好处和如何提高我们的闲聊能力，可知，故答案为What small talk is, the benefits of it and how to improve our small — talking ability。
1 / 1北师大版初中英语八年级下册Unit 2 Lesson 4 Animal Talk第2课时
一、英汉短语互译
1．英汉短语互译
（1）听到某人正在做某事
（2）bark at sb.
（3）at the moment
（4）一周三次
（5）制造噪音
（6）和某人交流;和某人沟通
【答案】（1）hear sb. doing sth.
（2）（狗）朝某人叫
（3）现在，此刻
（4）three times a week
（5）make noises
（6）communicate with sb.
【知识点】汉译英；英译汉；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】（1）听到某人正在做某事，hear sb. doing sth，是固定搭配，故答案为hear sb. doing sth。
（2）bark at sb，（狗）朝某人叫，是固定搭配，故答案为（狗）朝某人叫。
（3）at the moment ，现在，此刻，是固定搭配，故答案为现在，此刻。
（4）一周，a week，三次，three times，表示频率，故一周三次的用法是，故答案为three times a week。
（5）制造噪音，make noises，是固定搭配，故答案为make noises。
（6）和某人交流；和某人沟通，communicate with sb.，是固定搭配，故答案为communicate with sb.。
【点评】考查汉译英，英译汉，注意所给词提示，拼写正确形式，识记hear sb. doing sth和make noises等用法。
二、用 for, since 填空
2．She has lived in Beijing five years. (for/ since)
【答案】for
【知识点】选词填空；for与since的用法区别
【解析】【分析】句意：她在北京住了五年了。since+段时间+ago=since+点时间=for+段时间，是现在完成时标志，根据five years是段时间，可知用for，故答案为for。
【点评】考查选词填空，注意识记介词for的用法。
3．My uncle has worked there two years ago. (for/ since)
【答案】since
【知识点】选词填空；for与since的用法区别
【解析】【分析】句意：我叔叔两年前就在那里工作了。since+段时间+ago=since+点时间=for+段时间，是现在完成时标志，根据two years ago，可知是since+段时间+ago的用法，故答案为since。
【点评】考查选词填空，注意识记since+段时间+ago的用法。
4．They have been friends 2008. (for/ since)
【答案】since
【知识点】选词填空；for与since的用法区别
【解析】【分析】句意：他们自2008年以来一直是朋友。since+段时间+ago=since+点时间=for+段时间，是现在完成时标志，根据2008是点时间，可知用since，故答案为since。
【点评】考查选词填空，注意识记since+点时间的用法。
5．The movie has been on twenty minutes. (for/ since)
【答案】for
【知识点】选词填空；for与since的用法区别
【解析】【分析】句意：电影已经开始20分钟了。since+段时间+ago=since+点时间=for+段时间，是现在完成时标志，根据twenty minutes是段时间，可知是for+段时间，故答案为for。
【点评】考查选词填空，注意识记for+段时间的用法。
6．I have lived with my grandparents I moved there. (for/ since)
【答案】since
【知识点】选词填空；for与since的用法区别
【解析】【分析】句意：自从我搬到那里，我就一直和祖父母住在一起。since引导时间状语从句，主句是是现在完成时，从句是一般过去时，故答案为since。
【点评】考查选词填空，注意识记since引导时间状语从句的用法。
三、根据句意和汉语提示写出所缺的单词
7．She has worked for the factory (自……以来) she moved to the city.
【答案】since
【知识点】单词拼写；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：自从她搬到这个城市以来，她一直在这家工厂工作。自……以来，since，是连词，故填since。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意识记since的用法。
8．Lisa's brother wants to be a (驯兽师).
【答案】trainer
【知识点】单词拼写；可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：丽莎的哥哥想成为一名驯兽师。不定冠词修饰名词单数，驯兽师，trainer，是可数名词，故填trainer。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意识记trainer的用法
9．I didn't want my brother to find my wallet, so I. (隐藏) it under the bed.
【答案】hid
【知识点】单词拼写；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：我不想让我哥哥找到我的钱包，所以我把它藏在床底下了。隐藏，hide，是动词，根据didn't，可知时态是过去时，故用过去时hid，故填hid。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意识记hide的过去式hid的用法。
10．I'm afraid of the dog because it may (咬) me.
【答案】bite
【知识点】单词拼写；动词原形
【解析】【分析】句意：我怕狗，因为它可能咬我。may是情态动词，其后用动词原形，咬，bite，是动词，故填bite。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意识记bite的用法。
11．So far I haven't (发现) who took away my books.
【答案】discovered
【知识点】单词拼写；过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：到目前为止我还没有发现是谁拿走了我的书。so far，到目前为止，是现在完成时标志，发现，discover，haven't是助动词，故此处缺少过去分词，故填discovered。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意识记discover，现在完成时的用法。
四、用所给词的适当形式填空
12．The students (visit) the museum twice before.
【答案】have visited
【知识点】语法填空；过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：学生们以前参观过两次博物馆。visit是谓语动词，twice是现在完成时标志，主语是名词复数，故助动词用have，visited是过去分词，故填have visited。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记现在完成时，主谓一致的用法。
13．My family (buy) a new house last year.
【答案】bought
【知识点】语法填空；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：我家去年买了一栋新房子。buy是谓语动词，last year是一般过去时标志，故用过去式bought，故填bought。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记过去式bought的用法。
14． the girl ever (break)school rules
【答案】Has；broken
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；一般疑问句；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：这个女孩曾经违反学校规则吗 根据句子ever可知，ever一般与现在完成时连用，表示过去的行为对现在的影响，此处主语是名词单数，所以用has done形式，break过去分词为broken，根据后面的问号和句子结构可知，此处是一般疑问句，has提前，且句首单词首字母大写，故填Has，broken。
【点评】考查现在完成时，主谓一致和一般疑问句。注意根据语境选择正确的时态。
15．My father (be) a teacher for 20 years.
【答案】has been
【知识点】语法填空；过去开始发生的动作一直持续到现在；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：我父亲当了20年的老师。be是系动词，for 20 years是现在完成时标志，故谓语动词用have been的形式，主语是第三人称单数，故助动词用has，故填has been。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记现在完成时，主谓一致的用法。
16．Mike (live) here since 2002.
【答案】has lived
【知识点】语法填空；过去开始发生的动作一直持续到现在；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：迈克自2002年以来一直住在这里。lIve，居住，是谓语动词，since 2002是现在完成时标志，主语是第三人称单数，故助动词用has，lived是过去分词，故填has lived。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记现在完成时，主谓一致的用法。
17．— Have you read Alice s Adventures in Wonderland
— Yes, I have. I already (read) it.
【答案】have；read
【知识点】语法填空；过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：——你读过《爱丽丝梦游仙境》吗？——是的，我有。我已经读过了。already是现在完成时标志，read是谓语动词，主语是I，故助动词用have，read的过去分词是read，故填have，read。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记现在完成时，主谓一致，过去分词read的用法。
18． Tina (decide) which book to read yet
【答案】Has；decided
【知识点】语法填空；过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：蒂娜决定读哪本书了吗？yet是现在完成时标志，decide是谓语动词，主语是第三人称单数，故助动词用has，故填Has ，decided。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记现在完成时，主谓一致的用法。
19．Ever since then, Tom (be) a fan of NBA.
【答案】has been
【知识点】语法填空；过去开始发生的动作一直持续到现在；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：从那时起，汤姆就成了NBA的球迷。Ever since then是现在完成时标志，主语是第三人称单数，故助动词用has，be是系动词，过去分词是been，故填has been。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记现在完成时，主谓一致的用法。
五、单项选择
20．I __________ an invitation to the concert. I can't wait to go can't wait to go.
A．receive B．will receive C．was receiving D．have received
【答案】D
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：我收到了音乐会的邀请。我等不及要走，等不及要走。A动词原形，B将来时，C过去进行时，D现在完成时，此处缺少过去的动作对现在的影响，故用现在完成时，故选D。
【点评】考查时态，注意识记现在完成时的用法。
21．It's nice to see you again. We ____________ each other for a long time.
A．didn't see B．haven't seen C．won't see D．didn't seen
【答案】B
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：很高兴再次见到你。我们彼此相处了很长时间。for a long time是现在完成时标志，故谓语动词用have done的形式，故选B。
【点评】考查时态，注意识记现在完成时的用法。
22．—Oh, Helen. You have so many photos of Shanghai Disneyland
—Yes, I ___________ there three times. It's fantastic.
A．am B．was C．have been D．will be
【答案】C
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：——哦，海伦。你有这么多上海迪士尼乐园的照片。——是的，我去过三次。棒极了。A一般现在时，B一般过去时，C现在完成时，D一般将来时，根据three times，可知是现在完成时标志，故选C。
【点评】考查时态，注意识记现在完成时的用法。
23．— Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it
— In April. I _______________ it for seven months.
A．have had B．had C．have bought D．bought
【答案】A
【知识点】非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换
【解析】【分析】句意：——你的新表真漂亮!你什么时候买的？——4月。我已经买了七个月了。A现在完成时，持续动词，B一般过去时，C现在完成时，瞬间动词，D一般过去时，for seven months是现在完成时标志，搭配持续性动词，bought是瞬间动词，持续动词是have had，故选A。
【点评】考查时态，注意识记现在完成时，持续性动词的用法。
24．— Where is your father
— He isn't at home. He _______________ Zhejiang.
A．has gone to B．has been to C．have been to
【答案】A
【知识点】gone to/been to用法比较；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：——你爸爸在哪儿？——他不在家。他去浙江了。have been to，过去某地，现在已返回，have gone to，去了某地，强调去了地方，但还没返回，根据He isn't at home，可知用have gone to，主语是第三人称单数，故助动词用has，故选A。
【点评】考查固定搭配，注意识记have gone to，主谓一致的用法。
六、短文填空
根据短文内容，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。
cage, other, watch, take, ,two with, thin, careful, clear, open
Helen loves small animals very much. One day she found two weak birds in the grass. She 25． them home and put them in a small cage. She looked after them 26． and the birds became strong again. They often thanked her 27． beautiful songs. But something happened one morning. Helen left the door of the cage 28． , and one bird flew out from the cage. Helen hurried to catch it, so the bird was in the 29． again. It looked unhappy, and it became thinner and 30． . A few days later, it died. Helen was very sad. She thought her great love had killed the bird. The 31． bird was moving here and there in the cage. Helen knew the bird needed freedom. It wanted to fly into the 32． and blue sky. So she took it out of the cage and let it fly away. The bird circled once, 33． , three times... Helen enjoyed 34． the bird flying happily. It sang the sweetest song that she had ever heard. The easiest way to lose love is to hold it too tight. The best way to keep love is to give it wings.
【答案】25．took；26．carefully；27．with；28．open；29．cage；30．thinner；31．other；32．clear；33．twice；34．watching
【知识点】选词填空；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了海伦非常喜欢小动物。有一天，她把捡来的小鸟放在笼子里细心的照顾着。但是有天笼子的门开了，一只鸟从笼子里飞出来，海伦把它抓抓回了笼子里，后来这只鸟就越来越不开心，越来越瘦，最后死了。海伦很伤心，她以为她强烈的爱杀死了这只鸟。后来海伦放了另一只鸟。文章通过这个故事揭示了一个道理：失去爱的最轻松的方式就是把握得太紧。保持爱的最好方法就是给它翅膀。
cage，笼子，other，其他的，watch，欣赏，take，带着，two，二，with，有，thin，瘦的，careful，小心的，clear，清楚的，open，打开
【点评】考查选词填空，注意根据提示词和上下文的逻辑关系，推测词意，注意过去时，副词，比较级，动名词，代词等用法。
25．句意：她把它们带回家，放在一个小笼子里。take sth. home，将某物带回家，描述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，take的过去时是took，故填took。
26．句意：她仔细地照料着它们，鸟儿们自一次变得强壮起来。副词修饰动词look after，根据提示词可知是仔细地照料，careful是形容词，carefully，是副词，精心地，故填carefully。
27．句意：他们经常用优美的歌曲来感谢她。介词with+名词作状语，表示方式，用……，故填with。
28．句意：海伦让鸟笼的门开着，一只鸟从鸟笼里飞了出来。根据一只鸟从鸟笼里飞了出来，和提示词可知是leave sth+形容词open，让鸟笼的门开着，open是形容词，故填open。
29．句意：海伦急忙去抓住它，于是鸟儿又回到了笼子里。the定冠词修饰名词，根据one bird flew out from the cage，可知是回到笼子里，cage，是名词，故填cage。
30．句意：它看起来很不开心，而且越来越瘦。比较级+and+比较级，是程度递变比较，越来越……，根据thinner and，可知是越来越瘦，故填thinner。
31．句意：另一只鸟在笼子里飞来飞去。最开始笼子里有两只鸟儿，之后死了一只，那么此处说的就是另外一只鸟儿，表示两个中的另一个用the other，故填other。
32．句意：它想飞向晴朗的蓝天。根据and blue sky和提示词可知是and前后一致，都是形容词，故用形容词clear表示晴朗的蓝天，故填clear。
33．句意：鸟儿盘旋了一圈，两圈，三圈。根据once，three times，可知此处缺少频率副词，twice，two是基数词，故填twice。
34．句意：海伦喜欢看鸟儿快乐地飞翔。enjoy doing，开心的做某事，故用动名词，根据flying happily和提示词可知是看到鸟快乐的飞翔，watch是动词，故填watching。
七、任务型阅读
阅读短文，回答下列各题
Small Talk
Americans
often have short conversations, called small talk, about unimportant things
with strangers or people they know but not very well. They may have small talk
at parties while waiting in line at the store, at family events or work. It's a
way to say hi and express friendliness.
Small talk
is very useful. It can avoid comfortable silences and build stronger
relationships. For example when you first meet someone or talk to someone you
don't know well, you can break the ice by making small talk. Small talk with a
colleague (同事) about his child may help you to understand more of
his life outside the office.
In 2013,
researchers from the University of Essex asked some people to make small talk
in a study. They found small talk could make people happier. People who talked
briefly (短暂地) with a waiter in a coffee shop felt happier than
those who simply went in, ordered and left.
However, some
people are not good at small talk. Here are some tips to improve your
small-talking ability.
Firstly,
find common ground. When you have something similar with your speaking partner,
that means you have something to talk about.
Secondly,
ask open-ended questions. They are suitable (合适的) for small
talk. For example, if you ask visitors whether they like your city, they may
simply Say "Yes", But if you ask "What do you think of our
city", they will have more freedom in how they answer.
Thirdly,
become a student. Nobody knows everything. So, as someone is answering one of
your open-ended questions, they bring up something about which you know
nothing. So, tell them! This lets the other person become the teacher. They
feel good about sharing their knowledge and you get to learn something. It's a
win — win situation.
Finally,
practice makes perfect. Like anything, getting good at making small talk takes
practice.
If you
make small talk in your native language, you might become happier. If you are
making small talk using English, you will most surely improve your speaking and
listening skills.
35．Do Americans often have small talk
36．Why is small talk useful
37．What did some researchers from the University of
Essex find in 2013
38．What kind of questions are suitable for small talk
39．What does the writer tell us about small talk in the
passage
【答案】35．Yes. / Yes, they do.
36．Because it can avoid uncomfortable silences and build stronger relationships.
37．Small talk can make people happier.
38．Open — ended questions.
39．What small talk is, the benefits of it and how to improve our small — talking ability.
【知识点】任务型阅读；社会现象类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍什么是闲聊，它的好处和如何提高我们的闲聊能力。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
35．根据 Americans often have short conversations, called small talk，可知美国人经常进行简短的交谈，称为闲聊，故是肯定回答，故答案为Yes. / Yes, they do。
36．根据Small talk is very useful. It can avoid comfortable silences and build stronger relationships，可知闲聊是很有用的。它可以避免舒适的沉默，建立更牢固的关系，故答案为Because it can avoid uncomfortable silences and build stronger relationships。
37．根据They found small talk could make people happier，可知他们发现闲聊能让人更快乐，故答案为Small talk can make people happier。
38．根据ask open-ended questions. They are suitable for small talk，可知问一些开放式的问题。他们适合闲聊，故答案为Open — ended questions。
39．本文作者告诉我们什么是闲聊，它的好处和如何提高我们的闲聊能力，可知，故答案为What small talk is, the benefits of it and how to improve our small — talking ability。
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