初中英语牛津译林版八年级下册Unit 4 同步练习
一、动词填空。
1．My grandfather is a farmer and he isn't used to (live) in the city.
2．—Is everybody here
—No, sir. Jim and Mike (not arrive) yet. They are still on their way.
3．—I didn't see you at Susan's birthday party yesterday evening. Why
—Because I (wait) for a call from my best friend in Hong Kong.
4．When the fans saw their favourite pop star, they couldn't stop (scream)
5．You have to walk home or take a taxi because the last bus (leave) ten minutes ago.
6．No one is sure what (happen) to himself next minute.
二、选择填空。
7．I promise that my parents will _______ if they grow old.
A．be taken care B．be taken care of
C．take care D．take care of
8．No permission(许可) has ________ for anybody to enter the building.
A．been given B．given C．to give D．be given
9．I can't buy this coat, because it is ______expensive.
A．a bit of B．a few C．a little of D．a bit
10．Mr Wu ______ be here , but he has been away for 2 months
A．had to B．used to C．tried to D．happened to
11．Ten years ago she was a little girl. Now she has ______ a famous writer.
A．turned down B．turned off C．turned on D．turned into
12．In the past few years, there _______ great changes in my hometown.
A．were B．have been C．had been D．are
13．His sister _____ her hometown for three years. She will return next year.
A．left B．has left
C．has been away D．has been away from
14．We don't know ________ it next. Let's go and ask Mr. Li.
A．what to do B．to do what C．whether to do D．to do whether
15．（2016八下·东海期中）We can't work out the physics problem. Can you tell us________
A．how to do B．what to do it
C．how to do it D．what should to do
16．—Can you come to have dinner with me this evening
— I'm afraid not. I _______ take care of my grandmother. She is ill.
A．can't B．have to C．may D．could
三、词汇
17．Many people think the things made in (德国) are good.
18．It's the (丑陋的) kind of orange I've ever seen but it tastes very nice.
19．There are a lot of (评论) on the Internet about Xi Jingping's visit to Europe.
20．The second house looks much (丑陋的) than the first one.
21．How could you find such a (极小的) flower in the glass
22．Can you see an (群)of ants carrying food over there
23．Please put the piano there, (紧靠)the wall, please.
24．Many people (设法)to run out of buildings when the earthquake happened.
25．We all know that staying up too late is bad for our (健康).
26．I was tired out after (swim) for such a long time.
27．The farmer is (tie) his horse to a tree now.
28．How long did you spend (do) your Maths homework yesterday evening
29．I'm sorry. I (lend) the book to Peter. He'll return it to me tomorrow.
30．Where you (buy) the mobile phone
31．There (be) great changes in my hometown over the last thirty years.
32．The pollution problem in some areas (become) worse and worse recently.
33．Bruce (go) to England to learn English. He (come) back next month.
34．This is the first time I (visit) the Great Wall.
35．It (snow) half a day and I don't think it (last) long.
36．
It (rain) when he came to visit us yesterday afternoon.
37．After dinner,my father continued (work) till midnight.
四、完成句子：
38．他们正在讨论把墙涂成什么颜色。
39．一只很小的蚂蚁继续爬过我的身体。
40．这项工作没有我认为的那么容易。
41．交卷前你应仔细检查。
42．到现在为止，他们还没有决定该去哪里度假。
五、句型转换：
43．Many small men continued moving across Gulliver's body. （划线部分提问）
did many small men
44．Millie doesn't know how to solve her problem（改为同义句）.
Millie doesn't know her problem.
45．—Must I hand in the poster tomorrow (作否定回答)
—No, you .
46．That man was tiny and ugly. （对划线部分提问）
that man
47．It's necessary for you to give the tools back to the farm before Friday（改为同义句）.
You the tools back to the farm before Friday.
六、能力提升。
完形填空
When I was 13, my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant beating out Miller King, who was the best 48． at our school.
Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for 49． . Just before September, Miller was hit by a car and lost his right 50． . I went to see him after he came back from hospital. He looked very 51． , but he didn't cry. That season, I 52． all of Miller's records but he watched the home games from the bench. We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, 53． I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for (为......负责) Miller's accident.
One afternoon, I was crossing the field and saw Miller stuck (卡在) going over a fence—which wasn't 54． to climb with both arms. I'm sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to 55． help from. But even that challenge he accepted. I helped him move slowly overthe fence. When we were finally 56． on the other side, he said to me, "You know, I didn't tell you this during the season, but you did fine. Thank you for filling in for me. "
His words 57． me from my bad dreams. I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was still ahead of me. I was right to have admired him. From that day on, I grew bigger and a little more real.
48．A．player B．student C．teacher D．coach
49．A．practice B．show C．fun D．pleasure
50．A．leg B．foot C．shoulder D．arm
51．A．calm B．weak C．angry D．worried
52．A．held B．tried C．set D．broke
53．A．so B．but C．because D．and
54．A．easy B．hard C．interesting D．comfortable
55．A．accept B．refuse C．welcome D．invite
56．A．dropped B．ready C．trapped D．safe
57．A．touched B．protected C．freed D．cut
七、阅读理解
阅读理解
The snow went on falling, and they could see only a few meters in front of them．
"We should go back," said Judy. She was afraid.
"But where is the path "
Everything was covered with snow．The sky was grey. "What's the time " asked Paul．Judy looked at her watch. "Nearly 5 o'clock．It gets dark in an hour. "
"We must start walking, and hope we find the path．I think the snow's stopping. "said Paul. But it wasn't stopping. The wind was strong. It blew around them, cold and wet．
"Just keep going downhill." said Judy. "We can't go wrong."
Then Paul fell on some rocks．He shouted. "Judy! I've hurt my leg!" He couldn't stand up．His leg hurt too much．
"I'll have to phone for help." said Judy. "I hope the mobile phone works up here!"
Luckily it did. They phoned the mountain service. "Don't move! shouted the man on the phone. Stay where you are, we're sending a team there."
They were not far from the path, so the team found them easily. They were lucky! People often get into trouble when they climb the mountains. You must always tell someone where you are going and take a mobile phone with you. Mountain is a dangerous place to be if things go wrong!
58．What was the weather like
A．Sunny and warm. B．Snowy and windy.
C．Rainy and windy. D．Windy but warm.
59．What were Judy and Paul doing
A．Falling. B．Stopping. C．Climbing. D．Phoning.
60．Who fell down and got hurt
A．Paul. B．Judy.
C．The man in the service. D．A team.
61．Where was the path
A．By a river. B．Downhill.
C．At the foot of the hill. D．Near the climbers．
62．Which is the most useful when you are in mountains
A．Stopping now and them．
B．Getting in touch with the outside world．
C．Using a walking stick．
D．Gong back when there is no path．
任务型阅读，每空一词。
Homestays are becoming more and more popular, and people around the world are offering their homes as hotels. Homestays offer cheap places to stay, and the chance for guests to see the area like a local. They are very popular with people who want to stay in another country to stud oron holiday. We asked three families who run homestays to tell us about where they live.
The Atal family
Our family home is in a small village in the north of Pakistan, in the Himalayan mountains The village is quite small and very quiet. The mountains are extremely beautiful. You can go for long walks and swim in the rivers but there are no shops, cinemas or cafes.
Kate and Julian Foxton
Our two-bed house is by the sea in the south-west of England. It is about five minutes' drive to the nearest village of Portreath. There are lots of beaches, rivers and forests and it is very quiet We spend a lot of time reading books, watching films and going for walks. Our area is great for sports like surfing, kayaking and mountain biking. However, the houses here are expensive, which can be a problem for local people. There are no buses or trains here, so it can be difficult to get around without a car。
Chafic and Aline Halwany
Our home is near the centre of Beirut, Lebanon, one of the largest cities in the Middle East There are lots of cafes and restaurants, which open late at night. We love it here because it's so friendly and you can always find what you need—lots of people come to stay to learn Arabic and French. However, it can be noisy at night, and there is quite a lot of traffic during the day.
Homestay holidays -A home 63． from home
Families Advantages Disadvantages
The Atal family (Pakistan) It's in a small and quiet village in beautiful mountains. People can 64． and swim there. There aren't 65． shops, cinemas or cafes.
Kate and Julian Foxton 66． It takes a short 67． to the beaches, rivers and forests by car. It's a good place for 68． like surfing, kayaking and mountain biking. Houses here are not 69． . It's easy to get around 70． car.
Chafic and Aline Halwany (Lebanon) Lots of cafes and restaurants 9) 71． at night. You can always find what you need. There is much 72． at night and lot of traffic during the day.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】living
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：我的祖父是一名农民，他不习惯住在城市里。live居住，实义动词。be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事，固定搭配，所以用living，故填living。
【点评】考查固定搭配be used to doing sth.。
2．【答案】haven't arrived
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：——大家都在吗？——没有，先生。吉姆和迈克还没到。他们仍在路上。arrive到达，实义动词。yet表明时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语Jim and Mike是复数，所以用have，arrive的过去分词是arrived，句子是否定句，现在完成时的否定是haven't/hasn't+动词过去分词，故填haven't arrived。
【点评】考查现在完成时，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记现在完成时的标志词和结构。
3．【答案】was waiting
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——我昨天晚上在苏珊的生日聚会上没见到你。为什么？——因为我在等我在香港最好的朋友的电话。wait等待，实义动词。根据I didn't see you at Susan's birthday party yesterday evening.我昨天晚上在苏珊的生日聚会上没见到你，可知时态是过去进行时，结构是was/were+动词ing，主语是I，所以be动词用was，wait的动词ing是waiting，故填was waiting。
【点评】考查过去进行时，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后根据关键词句确定句子时态，理解过去进行时的结构。
4．【答案】screaming
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：当歌迷们看到他们最喜欢的流行歌星时，他们忍不住尖叫。scream尖叫，实义动词。can't/couldn't stop doing sth.情不自禁做某事，固定搭配，所以用screaming，故填screaming。
【点评】考查固定搭配can't/couldn't stop doing sth.。
5．【答案】left
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：你必须步行回家或打车，因为最后一班公共汽车十分钟前就要开了。leave离开，实义动词，ago表明时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式left，故填left。
【点评】考查一般过去时，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记一般过去时的标志词。
6．【答案】will happen
【知识点】一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：没有人能确定下一分钟自己会发生什么。happen发生，实义动词。next minute表明时态是一般将来时，结构是will+动词原形，所以用will happen，故填will happen。
【点评】考查一般将来时，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后根据关键词next minute确定时态。
7．【答案】B
【知识点】含有情态动词的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意：我保证，如果我的父母变老了，他们会得到照顾。A.被保重，被动语态；B.被照顾，被动语态；C.保重，主动语态；D.照顾，主动语态。if they grow old如果我的父母变老了，结合选项可知讲的是他们会得到照顾，排除A、C；主语parents是动作take care of的承受者，所以用含有情态动词的被动语态，结构是情态动词+be+动词过去分词，故选B。
【点评】考查被动语态，首先理解选项区别，然后根据句意确定短语，最后根据主语和谓语关系确定语态，理解含有情态动词的被动语态结构。
8．【答案】A
【知识点】现在完成时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意：没有允许任何人进入大楼。A.被给，现在完成时的被动语态；B.被给，动词过去分词；C.表述错误；D.被给，一般现在时的和一般过去时的被动语态。give给，实义动词，过去分词是given，主语permission是动作give的承受者，根据has可知是现在完成时的被动语态，结构是have/has+been+动词过去分词，故选A。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态，首先理解选项区别，然后根据主语和谓语关系确定语态，最后识记现在完成时的被动语态。
9．【答案】D
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我买不起这件外套，因为它有点贵。 a bit 修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级 ， a bit of，后接名词，修饰不可数名词，相当于 a little ，a few 几个，一点，修饰可数名词； a little of sth，of表示所属关系，指某物中的一点的时候，of是属于名词所有格中"...的" ，不可省略。因为expensive 昂贵的，形容词，a bit可修饰形容词，表示一点儿，故选D。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意识记各短语含义及用法。
10．【答案】B
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：吴先生以前在这里，但他已经离开两个月了。A.不得不做某事；B.过去常常做某事；C.努力做某事；D.碰巧做某事。根据but he has been away for 2 months但他已经离开两个月了，可知吴先生过去在这里，used to do sth.，过去常常做某事，固定搭配，故选B。
【点评】考查短语辨析，首先理解选项意思，然后根据前后句句意确定短语。
11．【答案】D
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：十年前，她还是个小女孩。现在她已成为一位著名的作家。A.拒绝；B.关掉；C.打开；D.变为。a famous writer一位著名的作家，结合选项可知讲的是她现在变为一名作家，故选D。
【点评】考查短语辨析，首先识记短语意思，然后根据前后句句意确定短语。
12．【答案】B
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；there be结构
【解析】【分析】句意：在过去的几年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。A.一般过去时；B.现在完成时；C.过去完成时；D.一般现在时。in the past few years表明时态是现在完成时，there be句型的现在完成时是there have been，故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时，首先理解选项区别，然后识记现在完成时的标志词。
13．【答案】D
【知识点】非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换
【解析】【分析】句意：他的妹妹已经离开家乡三年了。她将于明年回来。A.离开，一般过去时；B.已经离开，现在完成时，非延续性动词；C.已经离开，延续性动词，后面不接宾语；D.已经离开，延续性动词，后面接宾语。for three years表明时态是现在完成时，并且用延续性动词，排除A、B、C，hometown家乡，指的是宾语，故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时，首先理解选项区别，然后识记for+时间段用现在完成时，最后理解延续性动词和非延续性动词区别。
14．【答案】C
【解析】【分析】考查宾语从句.句意:我们不知道接下来是否做这件事.从句中不缺少宾语,故选C.
15．【答案】C
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：我们算不出这个物理题。你可以告诉我们怎样做吗？A. how to do怎样做。How作状语，do要带宾语。错；B. what to do it做什么。What是do的逻辑宾语，do后不必带宾语，错；C. how to do it怎样做；D. what should to do应该做什么，疑问词+to do，不能带情态动词。错。故选C。
【点评】考查不定式
16．【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：—今天晚上你能和我一起共进晚餐吗？—我恐怕不能。我不得不去照顾我的祖母。她生病了。can't不可能，表示有把握的推测；have to，必须，不得不，表示客观上的要求；may可能，表示没有把握的推测； could可能，表示没有把握的推测。根据后一句的She is ill.可知祖母生病了，我必须照顾她，这是不得不做的事，故用情态动词have to，故选B。
17．【答案】German
【知识点】专有名词
【解析】【分析】句意：许多人认为德国制造的东西很好。德国用German，专有名词，故填German。
【点评】考查名词拼写，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后理解句意。
18．【答案】ugly
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意：这是我见过的那种难看的橙子，但味道很好。丑陋的用ugly，形容词，修饰名词kind，故填ugly。
【点评】考查形容词拼写，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记形容词修饰名词。
19．【答案】reviews
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意：网上有很多关于习近平访问欧洲的评论。评论用review，可数名词，a lot of修饰可数名词复数，所以用复数reviews，故填reviews。
【点评】考查名词拼写，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记a lot of修饰可数名词复数。
20．【答案】uglier
【知识点】形容词比较级
【解析】【分析】句意：第二栋房子看起来比第一栋难看多了。丑陋的用ugly，形容词，系动词looks后面用形容词，than是比较级标志词，所以用ugly的比较级，即uglier，更丑陋的，故填uglier。
【点评】考查形容词拼写，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记系动词后面用形容词，最后识记比较级标志词。
21．【答案】tiny
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意：你怎么能在玻璃杯里找到这么小的花？极小的用tiny，形容词，修饰名词flower，故填tiny。
【点评】考查形容词拼写，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记形容词修饰名词。
22．【答案】army
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：你能看到一群蚂蚁在那边运送食物吗？根据 ant，蚂蚁，可知"一群"用an army of...，一群.....，固定搭配，army，可数名词，故填army。
【点评】考查名词拼写，首先根据关键词ant确定用于修饰数量的短语，识记固定搭配an army of。
23．【答案】against
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：请把钢琴放在那里，靠墙、紧靠用against，介词，故填against。
【点评】考查介词拼写，注意平时识记单词词义及词性，理解句意。
24．【答案】managed
【知识点】过去式和过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：地震发生时，许多人设法跑出了建筑物。设法用manage，实义动词，happened表明时态是一般过去时，所以manage用过去式managed，故填managed。
【点评】考查动词拼写，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后根据关键词happened确定时态。
25．【答案】health
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们都知道熬夜对我们的健康有害。健康用health，不可数名词，our我们的，形容词性物主代词，修饰名词health，故填health。
【点评】考查名词拼写，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记形容词性物主代词修饰名词。
26．【答案】swimming
【知识点】动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：游了这么长时间之后，我累了。swim游泳，实义动词。after是介词，后面用动词ing，所以用swimming，故填swimming。
【点评】考查介词后面用动词ing，理解句意。
27．【答案】tying
【知识点】现在进行时
【解析】【分析】建议：农夫现在正在把他的马拴在树上。tie，拴，实义动词。now表明时态是现在进行时，结构是be+动词ing，主语farmer是单数，所以be动词用is，tie的动词ing是tying，故填tying。
【点评】考查现在进行时，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记现在进行时的标志词now和结构。
28．【答案】doing
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】建议：昨天晚上你花了多长时间做数学作业？do做，实义动词，spend+时间+doing sth.做某事花费多长时间，固定搭配，所以用doing，故填doing。
【点评】考查固定搭配spend+时间+doing sth.，理解句意。
29．【答案】have lent
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：对不起，我把书借给了彼得。明天他将返回给我。lend借给，实义动词，根据He'll return it to me tomorrow明天他将返回给我，可知讲的是我已经把书借给了彼得，时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语是I，所以用have，lend的过去分词是lent，故填have lent。
【点评】考查现在完成时，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后根据关键词句He'll return it to me tomorrow.确定时态，最后识记现在完成时的结构。
30．【答案】did；buy
【知识点】句型转换；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：你在哪里买的手机？buy买，实义动词。特殊疑问句的结构是特殊疑问词+一般疑问句，一般过去时中，含有实义动词的一般疑问句，需要在句首加did，实义动词变为原形，一二人称相互转化，其他部分照抄，buy用原形，故填did，buy。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记特殊疑问句的变化规则。
31．【答案】have been
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；there be结构
【解析】【分析】句意：在过去的三十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。be是。over the last thirty years表明时态是现在完成时，there be句型的现在完成时的结构是there have been，固定搭配，故填have been。
【点评】考查现在完成时，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记现在完成时的标志词，最后识记there be句型的现在完成时。
32．【答案】has become
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：最近，一些地区的污染问题变得越来越严重。become变得，系动词。recently表明时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语problem是单数，所以用has，become的过去分词是become，故填has become。
【点评】考查现在完成时，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记现在完成时的标志词和结构。
33．【答案】has gone；will come
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：布鲁斯已经去了英国学习英语。他下个月会回来。go去，实义动词；come来，实义动词；根据后句可知前句时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语是单数Bruce，所以用has，go的过去分词是gone；第二句next month表明时态是一般将来时，结构是will+动词原形，所以用will come，故填has gone，will come。
【点评】考查现在完成时和一般将来时，注意根据句意确定时态，理解现在完成时和一般将来时的结构。
34．【答案】have visited
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：这是我第一次参观长城。visit参观，实义动词。This is the first time这是第一次，表明时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语是I，所以用have，visit的过去分词是visited，故填have visited。
【点评】考查现在完成时，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后根据句意确定时态，最后识记现在完成时的结构。
35．【答案】has snowed；will last
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：雪已经下了半天了，我想不会持续太久。snow下雪，实义动词；last持续，实义动词。half a day半天，表明时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语是单数it，所以用has，snow的过去分词是snowed；句子时态是一般将来时，时态是will+动词原形，所以用will last，故填has snowed，will last。
【点评】考查现在完成时和一般将来时的结构，首先识记现在完成时的结构和一般将来时的结构。
36．【答案】was raining
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：昨天下午他来拜访我们时天正在下雨。 rain下雨，动词，根据语境可知，昨天下午他来拜访我们时天正在下雨，句子是过去进行时，主语it是第三人称单数，be动词用was，故填was raining。
【点评】考查时态。注意过去进行时的用法及构成。
37．【答案】working
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：晚饭后，我父亲继续工作到午夜。work工作，实义动词。continue to do sth.继续去做某事，指的是另一件事情；continue doing sth.继续做某事，指的是同一件事情。till midnight直到午夜，结合句子可知讲的是工作是同一件事情，所以用working，故填working。
【点评】考查短语辨析，首先识记短语区别，然后根据句意确定短语。
38．【答案】They are discussing what colour to paint the wall.
【解析】【分析】表示“正在讨论”用现在进行时be doing,主语“他们”用代词they表示，是复数形式，故谓语用are discussing。what color什么颜色，paint the wall涂墙；作为动词discuss的宾语，可以是“疑问词+动词不定式”的短语。故此处为They are discussing what colour to paint the wall.
39．【答案】A very small ant continues to crawl over my body.
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示可知"蚂蚁"用ant，可数名词；"小的"用small，形容词，修饰名词ant；"小的"用small，形容词；"很"用very，副词，修饰形容词small；"爬过....."用crawl over，固定搭配；"继续做某事"用continue to do sth.，固定搭配，所以crawl用原形，时态是一般现在时，主语是单数ant，所以continue用单三式continues；"身体"用body，可数名词，指的是单数；"我的"用my，形容词性物主代词，修饰名词body；故填A very small ant continues to crawl over my body.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子，最后识记固定搭配crawl over和continue to do sth.。
40．【答案】This job is not as easy as I think.
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示可知"工作"用job，可数名词；"这个"用this，后面用单数名词job；"容易的"用easy，形容词；句子缺少谓语，easy是形容词，所以谓语用be，时态是一般现在时，主语job是单数，所以be动词用is，句子是否定句，is的否定是isn't；"和.....一样....."用as+形容词或者副词原级+as，固定搭配；"认为"用think，实义动词；"我"用I，主格，做主语；时态是一般现在时，主语是I，所以think用原形，故填This job is not as easy as I think.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子，最后识记固定搭配as+形容词或者副词原级+as。
41．【答案】You should check carefully before handing in papers.
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示可知"交卷"用hand in papers，固定搭配；"在......之前"用before，介词，后面用动词ing，所以用handing；"你"用you，主格，做主语；"检查"用check，实义动词；"应该"用should，情态动词，后面用动词原形，所以check用原形；check是实义动词，副词修饰实义动词，所以"仔细"用carefully，副词；故填 You should check carefully before handing in papers.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子，最后识记固定搭配hand in papers和介词后面用动词ing。
42．【答案】So far, they haven't decided where to go on vacation.
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示可知"到现在为止"用so far，固定搭配，表明时态是现在完成时；"他们"用they，主格，做主语；"决定做某事"用decide to do sth.，固定搭配，现在完成时的否定句结构是haven't/hasn't+动词过去分词，主语是复数we，所以用haven't，decide的过去分词是decided；"度假"用go on vacation，固定搭配；"哪里"用where，特殊疑问词，特殊疑问词+to do sth.，固定搭配，所以用where to go on vacation去哪里度假；故填So far, they haven't decided where to go on vacation.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子，最后识记固定搭配go on vacation和特殊疑问词+to do sth.。
43．【答案】What；continue；doing
【知识点】句型转换；特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：许多身材矮小的人继续在格列佛的身体上移动。对划线部分提问是写特殊疑问句，结构是特殊疑问词+一般疑问句，moving across Gulliver's body指的是事情，所以用what提问；一般过去时中，含有实义动词的一般疑问句，需要在句首加did，实义动词变为原形，一二人称相互转化，其他部分照抄。实义动词continued用原形continue；moving across Gulliver's body是动词ing，所以用doing，注意句首首字母大写，故填What，continue，doing。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记特殊疑问句的变化规则。
44．【答案】how she can solve
【知识点】句型转换；宾语从句的陈述语序
【解析】【分析】句意：米莉不知道如何解决她的问题。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，结构是特殊疑问词+主语+谓语，how怎样是特殊疑问词；根据her可知主语是she她，主格，做主语；solve解决，实义动词；可以用can，情态动词，后面用动词原形solve。故填how she can solve。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记宾语从句陈述语序。
45．【答案】needn't
【知识点】一般疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：——明天我必须交上海报吗？——不，你没必要。must引导的一般疑问句的否定回答是用needn't，故填needn't。
【点评】考查must 引导的一般疑问句。
46．【答案】How；was
【知识点】句型转换；特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：那个男人又小又丑。对划线部分提问是写特殊疑问句，结构是特殊疑问词+一般疑问句，tiny and ugly又小又丑，指的是外貌怎么样，所以用How+be+主语 ，be动词是was，注意句首首字母大写，故填How was。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记特殊疑问句的变化规则。
47．【答案】must；give
【知识点】句型转换；动词原形；情态动词
【解析】【分析】句意：你有必要在星期五之前把工具还给农场。即你必须在星期五之前把工具还给农场。give sth. back to...，把某物归还给......，固定搭配；must必须，情态动词，后面用动词原形，所以give用原形，故填must give。
【点评】考查句型转换，首先理解句意，然后识记情态动词后面用动词原形。
【答案】48．A；49．A；50．D；51．B；52．D；53．B；54．B；55．A；56．D；57．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者想成为球队里最棒的球员，并向最优秀的球员Miller看齐。为了实现梦想，作者刻苦训练，在Miller受伤之后，作者脱颖而出，成为最有价值球员。作者的表现得到了Miller认可。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
48．句意：这意味着要击败米勒-金，他是我们学校最好的球员。A.运动员；B.学生；C.老师；D.教练。根据前文When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team.可知这里意思是他是我们学校最好的运动员。故选A。
49．句意：我带着足球到处练习。A.练习；B.节目；C.乐趣；D.高兴。根据上文中作者想打败最好的选手，预测是带足球到处练习。故选A。
50．句意：就在9月前，米勒被一辆汽车撞了，失去了右臂。A.腿；B.脚；C.肩；D.胳膊。根据后文without an arm没有胳膊，可知是失去了胳膊，故选D。
51．句意：他看起来很虚弱，但他没有哭。A.平静的；B.虚弱的；C.生气的；D.担心的。but he didn't cry但他没有哭，可知讲的是看起来是虚弱的，故选B。
52．句意：那个赛季，我打破了米勒的所有纪录，但他在替补席上观看了主场比赛。A.举行；B.尝试；C.设立；D.打破。break records打破纪录，固定搭配，break的过去式是broke，故选D。
53．句意：我们取得了10胜1负的成绩，我被评为最有价值球员，但我经常做疯狂的梦，认为米勒的事故要归咎于我。A.所以，表示结果；B.但是，表示转折；C.因为，表示原因；D.和，表示并列。We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player我们取得了10胜1负的成绩，我被评为最有价值球员，I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for (为...负责) Miller's accident我经常做疯狂的梦，认为米勒的事故要归咎于我，可知前后句表示转折，所以用but，故选B。
54．句意：一天下午，我穿过田野，看到米勒被困在围栏上，用双臂爬起来并不难。A.简单的；B.困难的；C.有趣的；D.舒服的。climb with both arms用双臂爬起来，结合选项可知讲的是不是困难的，故选B。
55．句意：我确信我是世界上他最不愿意接受帮助的人。A.接受；B.拒绝；C.受欢迎；D.邀请。根据后句But even that challenge he accepted.但即使是这个挑战，他也接受了，可知讲的是接受帮助，故选A。
56．句意：当我们终于在另一边安全时，他对我说："你知道，我在赛季期间没有告诉你这件事，但你做得很好。谢谢你代替我。"A.落下的；B.准备的；C.受困的；D.安全的。finally最后，结合选项可知讲的是最终安全到达另一边，故选D。
57．句意：他的话使我从噩梦中释放出来。A.触摸；B.保护；C.释放；D.切。作者原以为Miller会憎恨他，而Miller还说感谢他的说，所以作者从他的话中释放了。故选C。
【答案】58．B
59．C
60．A
61．D
62．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】主要介绍了一对小伙子在登山时遇到了恶劣的天气并且一人受伤，最后得到及时救助的故事，说明在登山时遇到危险时与外界取得联系是最重要的。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题从文中抓住关键词句，理解句意，最终确定正确答案。
58．细节题。根据But it wasn't stopping. The wind was strong.可知当时的天气是即下着大雪又有很大的风，故选B。
59．细节题。根据Just keep going downhill.和最后一段中People often get into trouble when they climb the mountains可知他们两人是在爬山，故选C。
60．细节题。根据Then Paul fell on some rocks.He shouted."Judy! I've hurt my leg!" 可知是Paul跌倒了伤到了腿，故选A。
61．细节题。根据They were not far from the path可知他们距离道路是很近的，故选D。
62．细节题。根据短文最后一段You must always tell someone where you are going and take a mobile phone with you可知在遇到紧急情况时及时通知救助站的工作人员是最重要的，即与外界取得联系；故选B。
【答案】63．away；64．walk；65．any；66．England；67．time；68．sports；69．cheap；70．without；71．open；72．noise
【知识点】任务型阅读；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】主要讲了当地居名家居住的好处和坏处，主要是从住过了这种房子的人进行了解。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题从文中抓住相关语句，结合语法确定单词正确形式。
63．根据全文短文主要介绍了寄宿家庭的情况，就像你的家外之家，a home away from home家外之家，固定搭配。故填away。
64．根据You can go for long walks and swim in the rivers but there are no shops,cinemas or cafes.可知你可以散步且在河里游泳，但是那里没有商店，电影院和咖啡馆，可知可以散步，walk散步，实义动词，情态动词can后面用动词原形，所以用walk。故填walk。
65．根据there are no shops, cinemas or cafes.可知这里没有商店、电影院或咖啡馆，not...any=no，没有......，固定搭配，故填any。
66．根据Our two-bed house is by the sea in the south-west of England.可知可知这个房子在英国西南部，即在英国，可知需要填入一个名词England，英国，专有名词。故填England。
67．根据It is about five minutes' drive to the nearest village of Portreath.可知开车去最近的Portreath.的村庄需要大约5分钟，可知花费短的时间，take a short time花费短的时间，固定搭配。故填time。
68．根据Our area is great for sports like surfing,kayaking and mountain biking.可知我们这个区域是运动的很棒的地方，如冲浪，皮划艇和山地自行车，可知是运动，即sports，可数名词复数，故填sports。
69．根据However,the houses here are expensive,which can be a problem for local people.可知这里的这些房子很贵，可知不贵，cheap便宜的，形容词，be动词are后面用形容词，故填cheap。
70．根据There are no buses or trains here,so it can be difficult to get around without a car.可知这里没有公交车和火车，所以没有汽车的话是很难出去逛的，without没有，介词。故填without。
71．根据There are lots of cafes and restaurants,which open late at night.可知有很多咖啡馆和餐馆，这些在晚上都很晚营业，open营业，实义动词，时态是一般现在时，主语cafes and restaurants是复数，所以open用原形，故填open。
72．根据However,it can be noisy at night,and there is quite a lot of traffic during the day.然而，在晚上很吵，且白天这里交通拥堵，可知是有许多噪音，即用noise，不可数名词。故填noise。
1 / 1初中英语牛津译林版八年级下册Unit 4 同步练习
一、动词填空。
1．My grandfather is a farmer and he isn't used to (live) in the city.
【答案】living
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：我的祖父是一名农民，他不习惯住在城市里。live居住，实义动词。be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事，固定搭配，所以用living，故填living。
【点评】考查固定搭配be used to doing sth.。
2．—Is everybody here
—No, sir. Jim and Mike (not arrive) yet. They are still on their way.
【答案】haven't arrived
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：——大家都在吗？——没有，先生。吉姆和迈克还没到。他们仍在路上。arrive到达，实义动词。yet表明时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语Jim and Mike是复数，所以用have，arrive的过去分词是arrived，句子是否定句，现在完成时的否定是haven't/hasn't+动词过去分词，故填haven't arrived。
【点评】考查现在完成时，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记现在完成时的标志词和结构。
3．—I didn't see you at Susan's birthday party yesterday evening. Why
—Because I (wait) for a call from my best friend in Hong Kong.
【答案】was waiting
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——我昨天晚上在苏珊的生日聚会上没见到你。为什么？——因为我在等我在香港最好的朋友的电话。wait等待，实义动词。根据I didn't see you at Susan's birthday party yesterday evening.我昨天晚上在苏珊的生日聚会上没见到你，可知时态是过去进行时，结构是was/were+动词ing，主语是I，所以be动词用was，wait的动词ing是waiting，故填was waiting。
【点评】考查过去进行时，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后根据关键词句确定句子时态，理解过去进行时的结构。
4．When the fans saw their favourite pop star, they couldn't stop (scream)
【答案】screaming
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：当歌迷们看到他们最喜欢的流行歌星时，他们忍不住尖叫。scream尖叫，实义动词。can't/couldn't stop doing sth.情不自禁做某事，固定搭配，所以用screaming，故填screaming。
【点评】考查固定搭配can't/couldn't stop doing sth.。
5．You have to walk home or take a taxi because the last bus (leave) ten minutes ago.
【答案】left
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：你必须步行回家或打车，因为最后一班公共汽车十分钟前就要开了。leave离开，实义动词，ago表明时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式left，故填left。
【点评】考查一般过去时，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记一般过去时的标志词。
6．No one is sure what (happen) to himself next minute.
【答案】will happen
【知识点】一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：没有人能确定下一分钟自己会发生什么。happen发生，实义动词。next minute表明时态是一般将来时，结构是will+动词原形，所以用will happen，故填will happen。
【点评】考查一般将来时，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后根据关键词next minute确定时态。
二、选择填空。
7．I promise that my parents will _______ if they grow old.
A．be taken care B．be taken care of
C．take care D．take care of
【答案】B
【知识点】含有情态动词的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意：我保证，如果我的父母变老了，他们会得到照顾。A.被保重，被动语态；B.被照顾，被动语态；C.保重，主动语态；D.照顾，主动语态。if they grow old如果我的父母变老了，结合选项可知讲的是他们会得到照顾，排除A、C；主语parents是动作take care of的承受者，所以用含有情态动词的被动语态，结构是情态动词+be+动词过去分词，故选B。
【点评】考查被动语态，首先理解选项区别，然后根据句意确定短语，最后根据主语和谓语关系确定语态，理解含有情态动词的被动语态结构。
8．No permission(许可) has ________ for anybody to enter the building.
A．been given B．given C．to give D．be given
【答案】A
【知识点】现在完成时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意：没有允许任何人进入大楼。A.被给，现在完成时的被动语态；B.被给，动词过去分词；C.表述错误；D.被给，一般现在时的和一般过去时的被动语态。give给，实义动词，过去分词是given，主语permission是动作give的承受者，根据has可知是现在完成时的被动语态，结构是have/has+been+动词过去分词，故选A。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态，首先理解选项区别，然后根据主语和谓语关系确定语态，最后识记现在完成时的被动语态。
9．I can't buy this coat, because it is ______expensive.
A．a bit of B．a few C．a little of D．a bit
【答案】D
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我买不起这件外套，因为它有点贵。 a bit 修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级 ， a bit of，后接名词，修饰不可数名词，相当于 a little ，a few 几个，一点，修饰可数名词； a little of sth，of表示所属关系，指某物中的一点的时候，of是属于名词所有格中"...的" ，不可省略。因为expensive 昂贵的，形容词，a bit可修饰形容词，表示一点儿，故选D。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意识记各短语含义及用法。
10．Mr Wu ______ be here , but he has been away for 2 months
A．had to B．used to C．tried to D．happened to
【答案】B
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：吴先生以前在这里，但他已经离开两个月了。A.不得不做某事；B.过去常常做某事；C.努力做某事；D.碰巧做某事。根据but he has been away for 2 months但他已经离开两个月了，可知吴先生过去在这里，used to do sth.，过去常常做某事，固定搭配，故选B。
【点评】考查短语辨析，首先理解选项意思，然后根据前后句句意确定短语。
11．Ten years ago she was a little girl. Now she has ______ a famous writer.
A．turned down B．turned off C．turned on D．turned into
【答案】D
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：十年前，她还是个小女孩。现在她已成为一位著名的作家。A.拒绝；B.关掉；C.打开；D.变为。a famous writer一位著名的作家，结合选项可知讲的是她现在变为一名作家，故选D。
【点评】考查短语辨析，首先识记短语意思，然后根据前后句句意确定短语。
12．In the past few years, there _______ great changes in my hometown.
A．were B．have been C．had been D．are
【答案】B
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；there be结构
【解析】【分析】句意：在过去的几年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。A.一般过去时；B.现在完成时；C.过去完成时；D.一般现在时。in the past few years表明时态是现在完成时，there be句型的现在完成时是there have been，故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时，首先理解选项区别，然后识记现在完成时的标志词。
13．His sister _____ her hometown for three years. She will return next year.
A．left B．has left
C．has been away D．has been away from
【答案】D
【知识点】非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换
【解析】【分析】句意：他的妹妹已经离开家乡三年了。她将于明年回来。A.离开，一般过去时；B.已经离开，现在完成时，非延续性动词；C.已经离开，延续性动词，后面不接宾语；D.已经离开，延续性动词，后面接宾语。for three years表明时态是现在完成时，并且用延续性动词，排除A、B、C，hometown家乡，指的是宾语，故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时，首先理解选项区别，然后识记for+时间段用现在完成时，最后理解延续性动词和非延续性动词区别。
14．We don't know ________ it next. Let's go and ask Mr. Li.
A．what to do B．to do what C．whether to do D．to do whether
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】考查宾语从句.句意:我们不知道接下来是否做这件事.从句中不缺少宾语,故选C.
15．（2016八下·东海期中）We can't work out the physics problem. Can you tell us________
A．how to do B．what to do it
C．how to do it D．what should to do
【答案】C
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：我们算不出这个物理题。你可以告诉我们怎样做吗？A. how to do怎样做。How作状语，do要带宾语。错；B. what to do it做什么。What是do的逻辑宾语，do后不必带宾语，错；C. how to do it怎样做；D. what should to do应该做什么，疑问词+to do，不能带情态动词。错。故选C。
【点评】考查不定式
16．—Can you come to have dinner with me this evening
— I'm afraid not. I _______ take care of my grandmother. She is ill.
A．can't B．have to C．may D．could
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：—今天晚上你能和我一起共进晚餐吗？—我恐怕不能。我不得不去照顾我的祖母。她生病了。can't不可能，表示有把握的推测；have to，必须，不得不，表示客观上的要求；may可能，表示没有把握的推测； could可能，表示没有把握的推测。根据后一句的She is ill.可知祖母生病了，我必须照顾她，这是不得不做的事，故用情态动词have to，故选B。
三、词汇
17．Many people think the things made in (德国) are good.
【答案】German
【知识点】专有名词
【解析】【分析】句意：许多人认为德国制造的东西很好。德国用German，专有名词，故填German。
【点评】考查名词拼写，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后理解句意。
18．It's the (丑陋的) kind of orange I've ever seen but it tastes very nice.
【答案】ugly
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意：这是我见过的那种难看的橙子，但味道很好。丑陋的用ugly，形容词，修饰名词kind，故填ugly。
【点评】考查形容词拼写，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记形容词修饰名词。
19．There are a lot of (评论) on the Internet about Xi Jingping's visit to Europe.
【答案】reviews
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意：网上有很多关于习近平访问欧洲的评论。评论用review，可数名词，a lot of修饰可数名词复数，所以用复数reviews，故填reviews。
【点评】考查名词拼写，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记a lot of修饰可数名词复数。
20．The second house looks much (丑陋的) than the first one.
【答案】uglier
【知识点】形容词比较级
【解析】【分析】句意：第二栋房子看起来比第一栋难看多了。丑陋的用ugly，形容词，系动词looks后面用形容词，than是比较级标志词，所以用ugly的比较级，即uglier，更丑陋的，故填uglier。
【点评】考查形容词拼写，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记系动词后面用形容词，最后识记比较级标志词。
21．How could you find such a (极小的) flower in the glass
【答案】tiny
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意：你怎么能在玻璃杯里找到这么小的花？极小的用tiny，形容词，修饰名词flower，故填tiny。
【点评】考查形容词拼写，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记形容词修饰名词。
22．Can you see an (群)of ants carrying food over there
【答案】army
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：你能看到一群蚂蚁在那边运送食物吗？根据 ant，蚂蚁，可知"一群"用an army of...，一群.....，固定搭配，army，可数名词，故填army。
【点评】考查名词拼写，首先根据关键词ant确定用于修饰数量的短语，识记固定搭配an army of。
23．Please put the piano there, (紧靠)the wall, please.
【答案】against
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：请把钢琴放在那里，靠墙、紧靠用against，介词，故填against。
【点评】考查介词拼写，注意平时识记单词词义及词性，理解句意。
24．Many people (设法)to run out of buildings when the earthquake happened.
【答案】managed
【知识点】过去式和过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：地震发生时，许多人设法跑出了建筑物。设法用manage，实义动词，happened表明时态是一般过去时，所以manage用过去式managed，故填managed。
【点评】考查动词拼写，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后根据关键词happened确定时态。
25．We all know that staying up too late is bad for our (健康).
【答案】health
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们都知道熬夜对我们的健康有害。健康用health，不可数名词，our我们的，形容词性物主代词，修饰名词health，故填health。
【点评】考查名词拼写，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记形容词性物主代词修饰名词。
26．I was tired out after (swim) for such a long time.
【答案】swimming
【知识点】动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：游了这么长时间之后，我累了。swim游泳，实义动词。after是介词，后面用动词ing，所以用swimming，故填swimming。
【点评】考查介词后面用动词ing，理解句意。
27．The farmer is (tie) his horse to a tree now.
【答案】tying
【知识点】现在进行时
【解析】【分析】建议：农夫现在正在把他的马拴在树上。tie，拴，实义动词。now表明时态是现在进行时，结构是be+动词ing，主语farmer是单数，所以be动词用is，tie的动词ing是tying，故填tying。
【点评】考查现在进行时，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记现在进行时的标志词now和结构。
28．How long did you spend (do) your Maths homework yesterday evening
【答案】doing
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】建议：昨天晚上你花了多长时间做数学作业？do做，实义动词，spend+时间+doing sth.做某事花费多长时间，固定搭配，所以用doing，故填doing。
【点评】考查固定搭配spend+时间+doing sth.，理解句意。
29．I'm sorry. I (lend) the book to Peter. He'll return it to me tomorrow.
【答案】have lent
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：对不起，我把书借给了彼得。明天他将返回给我。lend借给，实义动词，根据He'll return it to me tomorrow明天他将返回给我，可知讲的是我已经把书借给了彼得，时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语是I，所以用have，lend的过去分词是lent，故填have lent。
【点评】考查现在完成时，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后根据关键词句He'll return it to me tomorrow.确定时态，最后识记现在完成时的结构。
30．Where you (buy) the mobile phone
【答案】did；buy
【知识点】句型转换；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：你在哪里买的手机？buy买，实义动词。特殊疑问句的结构是特殊疑问词+一般疑问句，一般过去时中，含有实义动词的一般疑问句，需要在句首加did，实义动词变为原形，一二人称相互转化，其他部分照抄，buy用原形，故填did，buy。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记特殊疑问句的变化规则。
31．There (be) great changes in my hometown over the last thirty years.
【答案】have been
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；there be结构
【解析】【分析】句意：在过去的三十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。be是。over the last thirty years表明时态是现在完成时，there be句型的现在完成时的结构是there have been，固定搭配，故填have been。
【点评】考查现在完成时，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记现在完成时的标志词，最后识记there be句型的现在完成时。
32．The pollution problem in some areas (become) worse and worse recently.
【答案】has become
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：最近，一些地区的污染问题变得越来越严重。become变得，系动词。recently表明时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语problem是单数，所以用has，become的过去分词是become，故填has become。
【点评】考查现在完成时，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记现在完成时的标志词和结构。
33．Bruce (go) to England to learn English. He (come) back next month.
【答案】has gone；will come
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：布鲁斯已经去了英国学习英语。他下个月会回来。go去，实义动词；come来，实义动词；根据后句可知前句时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语是单数Bruce，所以用has，go的过去分词是gone；第二句next month表明时态是一般将来时，结构是will+动词原形，所以用will come，故填has gone，will come。
【点评】考查现在完成时和一般将来时，注意根据句意确定时态，理解现在完成时和一般将来时的结构。
34．This is the first time I (visit) the Great Wall.
【答案】have visited
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：这是我第一次参观长城。visit参观，实义动词。This is the first time这是第一次，表明时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语是I，所以用have，visit的过去分词是visited，故填have visited。
【点评】考查现在完成时，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后根据句意确定时态，最后识记现在完成时的结构。
35．It (snow) half a day and I don't think it (last) long.
【答案】has snowed；will last
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：雪已经下了半天了，我想不会持续太久。snow下雪，实义动词；last持续，实义动词。half a day半天，表明时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语是单数it，所以用has，snow的过去分词是snowed；句子时态是一般将来时，时态是will+动词原形，所以用will last，故填has snowed，will last。
【点评】考查现在完成时和一般将来时的结构，首先识记现在完成时的结构和一般将来时的结构。
36．
It (rain) when he came to visit us yesterday afternoon.
【答案】was raining
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：昨天下午他来拜访我们时天正在下雨。 rain下雨，动词，根据语境可知，昨天下午他来拜访我们时天正在下雨，句子是过去进行时，主语it是第三人称单数，be动词用was，故填was raining。
【点评】考查时态。注意过去进行时的用法及构成。
37．After dinner,my father continued (work) till midnight.
【答案】working
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：晚饭后，我父亲继续工作到午夜。work工作，实义动词。continue to do sth.继续去做某事，指的是另一件事情；continue doing sth.继续做某事，指的是同一件事情。till midnight直到午夜，结合句子可知讲的是工作是同一件事情，所以用working，故填working。
【点评】考查短语辨析，首先识记短语区别，然后根据句意确定短语。
四、完成句子：
38．他们正在讨论把墙涂成什么颜色。
【答案】They are discussing what colour to paint the wall.
【解析】【分析】表示“正在讨论”用现在进行时be doing,主语“他们”用代词they表示，是复数形式，故谓语用are discussing。what color什么颜色，paint the wall涂墙；作为动词discuss的宾语，可以是“疑问词+动词不定式”的短语。故此处为They are discussing what colour to paint the wall.
39．一只很小的蚂蚁继续爬过我的身体。
【答案】A very small ant continues to crawl over my body.
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示可知"蚂蚁"用ant，可数名词；"小的"用small，形容词，修饰名词ant；"小的"用small，形容词；"很"用very，副词，修饰形容词small；"爬过....."用crawl over，固定搭配；"继续做某事"用continue to do sth.，固定搭配，所以crawl用原形，时态是一般现在时，主语是单数ant，所以continue用单三式continues；"身体"用body，可数名词，指的是单数；"我的"用my，形容词性物主代词，修饰名词body；故填A very small ant continues to crawl over my body.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子，最后识记固定搭配crawl over和continue to do sth.。
40．这项工作没有我认为的那么容易。
【答案】This job is not as easy as I think.
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示可知"工作"用job，可数名词；"这个"用this，后面用单数名词job；"容易的"用easy，形容词；句子缺少谓语，easy是形容词，所以谓语用be，时态是一般现在时，主语job是单数，所以be动词用is，句子是否定句，is的否定是isn't；"和.....一样....."用as+形容词或者副词原级+as，固定搭配；"认为"用think，实义动词；"我"用I，主格，做主语；时态是一般现在时，主语是I，所以think用原形，故填This job is not as easy as I think.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子，最后识记固定搭配as+形容词或者副词原级+as。
41．交卷前你应仔细检查。
【答案】You should check carefully before handing in papers.
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示可知"交卷"用hand in papers，固定搭配；"在......之前"用before，介词，后面用动词ing，所以用handing；"你"用you，主格，做主语；"检查"用check，实义动词；"应该"用should，情态动词，后面用动词原形，所以check用原形；check是实义动词，副词修饰实义动词，所以"仔细"用carefully，副词；故填 You should check carefully before handing in papers.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子，最后识记固定搭配hand in papers和介词后面用动词ing。
42．到现在为止，他们还没有决定该去哪里度假。
【答案】So far, they haven't decided where to go on vacation.
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示可知"到现在为止"用so far，固定搭配，表明时态是现在完成时；"他们"用they，主格，做主语；"决定做某事"用decide to do sth.，固定搭配，现在完成时的否定句结构是haven't/hasn't+动词过去分词，主语是复数we，所以用haven't，decide的过去分词是decided；"度假"用go on vacation，固定搭配；"哪里"用where，特殊疑问词，特殊疑问词+to do sth.，固定搭配，所以用where to go on vacation去哪里度假；故填So far, they haven't decided where to go on vacation.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子，最后识记固定搭配go on vacation和特殊疑问词+to do sth.。
五、句型转换：
43．Many small men continued moving across Gulliver's body. （划线部分提问）
did many small men
【答案】What；continue；doing
【知识点】句型转换；特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：许多身材矮小的人继续在格列佛的身体上移动。对划线部分提问是写特殊疑问句，结构是特殊疑问词+一般疑问句，moving across Gulliver's body指的是事情，所以用what提问；一般过去时中，含有实义动词的一般疑问句，需要在句首加did，实义动词变为原形，一二人称相互转化，其他部分照抄。实义动词continued用原形continue；moving across Gulliver's body是动词ing，所以用doing，注意句首首字母大写，故填What，continue，doing。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记特殊疑问句的变化规则。
44．Millie doesn't know how to solve her problem（改为同义句）.
Millie doesn't know her problem.
【答案】how she can solve
【知识点】句型转换；宾语从句的陈述语序
【解析】【分析】句意：米莉不知道如何解决她的问题。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，结构是特殊疑问词+主语+谓语，how怎样是特殊疑问词；根据her可知主语是she她，主格，做主语；solve解决，实义动词；可以用can，情态动词，后面用动词原形solve。故填how she can solve。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记宾语从句陈述语序。
45．—Must I hand in the poster tomorrow (作否定回答)
—No, you .
【答案】needn't
【知识点】一般疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：——明天我必须交上海报吗？——不，你没必要。must引导的一般疑问句的否定回答是用needn't，故填needn't。
【点评】考查must 引导的一般疑问句。
46．That man was tiny and ugly. （对划线部分提问）
that man
【答案】How；was
【知识点】句型转换；特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：那个男人又小又丑。对划线部分提问是写特殊疑问句，结构是特殊疑问词+一般疑问句，tiny and ugly又小又丑，指的是外貌怎么样，所以用How+be+主语 ，be动词是was，注意句首首字母大写，故填How was。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记特殊疑问句的变化规则。
47．It's necessary for you to give the tools back to the farm before Friday（改为同义句）.
You the tools back to the farm before Friday.
【答案】must；give
【知识点】句型转换；动词原形；情态动词
【解析】【分析】句意：你有必要在星期五之前把工具还给农场。即你必须在星期五之前把工具还给农场。give sth. back to...，把某物归还给......，固定搭配；must必须，情态动词，后面用动词原形，所以give用原形，故填must give。
【点评】考查句型转换，首先理解句意，然后识记情态动词后面用动词原形。
六、能力提升。
完形填空
When I was 13, my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant beating out Miller King, who was the best 48． at our school.
Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for 49． . Just before September, Miller was hit by a car and lost his right 50． . I went to see him after he came back from hospital. He looked very 51． , but he didn't cry. That season, I 52． all of Miller's records but he watched the home games from the bench. We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, 53． I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for (为......负责) Miller's accident.
One afternoon, I was crossing the field and saw Miller stuck (卡在) going over a fence—which wasn't 54． to climb with both arms. I'm sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to 55． help from. But even that challenge he accepted. I helped him move slowly overthe fence. When we were finally 56． on the other side, he said to me, "You know, I didn't tell you this during the season, but you did fine. Thank you for filling in for me. "
His words 57． me from my bad dreams. I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was still ahead of me. I was right to have admired him. From that day on, I grew bigger and a little more real.
48．A．player B．student C．teacher D．coach
49．A．practice B．show C．fun D．pleasure
50．A．leg B．foot C．shoulder D．arm
51．A．calm B．weak C．angry D．worried
52．A．held B．tried C．set D．broke
53．A．so B．but C．because D．and
54．A．easy B．hard C．interesting D．comfortable
55．A．accept B．refuse C．welcome D．invite
56．A．dropped B．ready C．trapped D．safe
57．A．touched B．protected C．freed D．cut
【答案】48．A；49．A；50．D；51．B；52．D；53．B；54．B；55．A；56．D；57．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者想成为球队里最棒的球员，并向最优秀的球员Miller看齐。为了实现梦想，作者刻苦训练，在Miller受伤之后，作者脱颖而出，成为最有价值球员。作者的表现得到了Miller认可。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
48．句意：这意味着要击败米勒-金，他是我们学校最好的球员。A.运动员；B.学生；C.老师；D.教练。根据前文When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team.可知这里意思是他是我们学校最好的运动员。故选A。
49．句意：我带着足球到处练习。A.练习；B.节目；C.乐趣；D.高兴。根据上文中作者想打败最好的选手，预测是带足球到处练习。故选A。
50．句意：就在9月前，米勒被一辆汽车撞了，失去了右臂。A.腿；B.脚；C.肩；D.胳膊。根据后文without an arm没有胳膊，可知是失去了胳膊，故选D。
51．句意：他看起来很虚弱，但他没有哭。A.平静的；B.虚弱的；C.生气的；D.担心的。but he didn't cry但他没有哭，可知讲的是看起来是虚弱的，故选B。
52．句意：那个赛季，我打破了米勒的所有纪录，但他在替补席上观看了主场比赛。A.举行；B.尝试；C.设立；D.打破。break records打破纪录，固定搭配，break的过去式是broke，故选D。
53．句意：我们取得了10胜1负的成绩，我被评为最有价值球员，但我经常做疯狂的梦，认为米勒的事故要归咎于我。A.所以，表示结果；B.但是，表示转折；C.因为，表示原因；D.和，表示并列。We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player我们取得了10胜1负的成绩，我被评为最有价值球员，I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for (为...负责) Miller's accident我经常做疯狂的梦，认为米勒的事故要归咎于我，可知前后句表示转折，所以用but，故选B。
54．句意：一天下午，我穿过田野，看到米勒被困在围栏上，用双臂爬起来并不难。A.简单的；B.困难的；C.有趣的；D.舒服的。climb with both arms用双臂爬起来，结合选项可知讲的是不是困难的，故选B。
55．句意：我确信我是世界上他最不愿意接受帮助的人。A.接受；B.拒绝；C.受欢迎；D.邀请。根据后句But even that challenge he accepted.但即使是这个挑战，他也接受了，可知讲的是接受帮助，故选A。
56．句意：当我们终于在另一边安全时，他对我说："你知道，我在赛季期间没有告诉你这件事，但你做得很好。谢谢你代替我。"A.落下的；B.准备的；C.受困的；D.安全的。finally最后，结合选项可知讲的是最终安全到达另一边，故选D。
57．句意：他的话使我从噩梦中释放出来。A.触摸；B.保护；C.释放；D.切。作者原以为Miller会憎恨他，而Miller还说感谢他的说，所以作者从他的话中释放了。故选C。
七、阅读理解
阅读理解
The snow went on falling, and they could see only a few meters in front of them．
"We should go back," said Judy. She was afraid.
"But where is the path "
Everything was covered with snow．The sky was grey. "What's the time " asked Paul．Judy looked at her watch. "Nearly 5 o'clock．It gets dark in an hour. "
"We must start walking, and hope we find the path．I think the snow's stopping. "said Paul. But it wasn't stopping. The wind was strong. It blew around them, cold and wet．
"Just keep going downhill." said Judy. "We can't go wrong."
Then Paul fell on some rocks．He shouted. "Judy! I've hurt my leg!" He couldn't stand up．His leg hurt too much．
"I'll have to phone for help." said Judy. "I hope the mobile phone works up here!"
Luckily it did. They phoned the mountain service. "Don't move! shouted the man on the phone. Stay where you are, we're sending a team there."
They were not far from the path, so the team found them easily. They were lucky! People often get into trouble when they climb the mountains. You must always tell someone where you are going and take a mobile phone with you. Mountain is a dangerous place to be if things go wrong!
58．What was the weather like
A．Sunny and warm. B．Snowy and windy.
C．Rainy and windy. D．Windy but warm.
59．What were Judy and Paul doing
A．Falling. B．Stopping. C．Climbing. D．Phoning.
60．Who fell down and got hurt
A．Paul. B．Judy.
C．The man in the service. D．A team.
61．Where was the path
A．By a river. B．Downhill.
C．At the foot of the hill. D．Near the climbers．
62．Which is the most useful when you are in mountains
A．Stopping now and them．
B．Getting in touch with the outside world．
C．Using a walking stick．
D．Gong back when there is no path．
【答案】58．B
59．C
60．A
61．D
62．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】主要介绍了一对小伙子在登山时遇到了恶劣的天气并且一人受伤，最后得到及时救助的故事，说明在登山时遇到危险时与外界取得联系是最重要的。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题从文中抓住关键词句，理解句意，最终确定正确答案。
58．细节题。根据But it wasn't stopping. The wind was strong.可知当时的天气是即下着大雪又有很大的风，故选B。
59．细节题。根据Just keep going downhill.和最后一段中People often get into trouble when they climb the mountains可知他们两人是在爬山，故选C。
60．细节题。根据Then Paul fell on some rocks.He shouted."Judy! I've hurt my leg!" 可知是Paul跌倒了伤到了腿，故选A。
61．细节题。根据They were not far from the path可知他们距离道路是很近的，故选D。
62．细节题。根据短文最后一段You must always tell someone where you are going and take a mobile phone with you可知在遇到紧急情况时及时通知救助站的工作人员是最重要的，即与外界取得联系；故选B。
任务型阅读，每空一词。
Homestays are becoming more and more popular, and people around the world are offering their homes as hotels. Homestays offer cheap places to stay, and the chance for guests to see the area like a local. They are very popular with people who want to stay in another country to stud oron holiday. We asked three families who run homestays to tell us about where they live.
The Atal family
Our family home is in a small village in the north of Pakistan, in the Himalayan mountains The village is quite small and very quiet. The mountains are extremely beautiful. You can go for long walks and swim in the rivers but there are no shops, cinemas or cafes.
Kate and Julian Foxton
Our two-bed house is by the sea in the south-west of England. It is about five minutes' drive to the nearest village of Portreath. There are lots of beaches, rivers and forests and it is very quiet We spend a lot of time reading books, watching films and going for walks. Our area is great for sports like surfing, kayaking and mountain biking. However, the houses here are expensive, which can be a problem for local people. There are no buses or trains here, so it can be difficult to get around without a car。
Chafic and Aline Halwany
Our home is near the centre of Beirut, Lebanon, one of the largest cities in the Middle East There are lots of cafes and restaurants, which open late at night. We love it here because it's so friendly and you can always find what you need—lots of people come to stay to learn Arabic and French. However, it can be noisy at night, and there is quite a lot of traffic during the day.
Homestay holidays -A home 63． from home
Families Advantages Disadvantages
The Atal family (Pakistan) It's in a small and quiet village in beautiful mountains. People can 64． and swim there. There aren't 65． shops, cinemas or cafes.
Kate and Julian Foxton 66． It takes a short 67． to the beaches, rivers and forests by car. It's a good place for 68． like surfing, kayaking and mountain biking. Houses here are not 69． . It's easy to get around 70． car.
Chafic and Aline Halwany (Lebanon) Lots of cafes and restaurants 9) 71． at night. You can always find what you need. There is much 72． at night and lot of traffic during the day.
【答案】63．away；64．walk；65．any；66．England；67．time；68．sports；69．cheap；70．without；71．open；72．noise
【知识点】任务型阅读；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】主要讲了当地居名家居住的好处和坏处，主要是从住过了这种房子的人进行了解。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题从文中抓住相关语句，结合语法确定单词正确形式。
63．根据全文短文主要介绍了寄宿家庭的情况，就像你的家外之家，a home away from home家外之家，固定搭配。故填away。
64．根据You can go for long walks and swim in the rivers but there are no shops,cinemas or cafes.可知你可以散步且在河里游泳，但是那里没有商店，电影院和咖啡馆，可知可以散步，walk散步，实义动词，情态动词can后面用动词原形，所以用walk。故填walk。
65．根据there are no shops, cinemas or cafes.可知这里没有商店、电影院或咖啡馆，not...any=no，没有......，固定搭配，故填any。
66．根据Our two-bed house is by the sea in the south-west of England.可知可知这个房子在英国西南部，即在英国，可知需要填入一个名词England，英国，专有名词。故填England。
67．根据It is about five minutes' drive to the nearest village of Portreath.可知开车去最近的Portreath.的村庄需要大约5分钟，可知花费短的时间，take a short time花费短的时间，固定搭配。故填time。
68．根据Our area is great for sports like surfing,kayaking and mountain biking.可知我们这个区域是运动的很棒的地方，如冲浪，皮划艇和山地自行车，可知是运动，即sports，可数名词复数，故填sports。
69．根据However,the houses here are expensive,which can be a problem for local people.可知这里的这些房子很贵，可知不贵，cheap便宜的，形容词，be动词are后面用形容词，故填cheap。
70．根据There are no buses or trains here,so it can be difficult to get around without a car.可知这里没有公交车和火车，所以没有汽车的话是很难出去逛的，without没有，介词。故填without。
71．根据There are lots of cafes and restaurants,which open late at night.可知有很多咖啡馆和餐馆，这些在晚上都很晚营业，open营业，实义动词，时态是一般现在时，主语cafes and restaurants是复数，所以open用原形，故填open。
72．根据However,it can be noisy at night,and there is quite a lot of traffic during the day.然而，在晚上很吵，且白天这里交通拥堵，可知是有许多噪音，即用noise，不可数名词。故填noise。
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